Acta morphologica Neerlando-Scandinavica最新文献

{"title":"Histochemical changes in acid and alkaline phosphatase activities in the growing follicles and corpora lutea of the rat ovary.","authors":"G K Sangha,&nbsp;S S Guraya","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Changes in acid and alkaline phosphatase activities are studied histochemically in different components of the growing follicles and corpora lutea of different generations. Theca cells of the growing follicles showed strong acid phosphatase activity as compared to that observed in the oocyte and granulosa cells. Alkaline phosphatase activity is localized only in the theca interna cells of growing follicles. However, after ovulation with the formation of corpora lutea, the granulosa lutein cells also showed this activity. Changes in the histochemical distribution of the acid and alkaline phosphatases in the follicles and corpora lutea are discussed in relation to folliculogenesis and corpus luteum and regression.</p>","PeriodicalId":75392,"journal":{"name":"Acta morphologica Neerlando-Scandinavica","volume":"26 1","pages":"43-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14377675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Single coronary artery with transeptal anterior interventricular artery: a rare anatomical feature.","authors":"J Reig,&nbsp;C Jiménez,&nbsp;A Jornet,&nbsp;C Ruiz de Miguel,&nbsp;M Petit","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A case of a single coronary artery is described in a 50-year-old male, who died of asphyxia. The artery originated in the right aortic sinus and from it another artery emerged which crossed the crista supraventricularis and the interventricular septum and returned to occupy a subepicardial position in the lower half of the anterior interventricular sulcus. This partially intramyocardial artery was considered as the anterior interventricular artery. A literature survey showed only five cases with similar characteristics. The importance of this anomaly derives from the risk of damage occurring to the intramyocardial artery during a manipulation of the infundibulum of the right ventricle in a cardiac surgery or from problems of perfusion during coronary bypass procedures.</p>","PeriodicalId":75392,"journal":{"name":"Acta morphologica Neerlando-Scandinavica","volume":"26 4","pages":"239-48"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14397182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early expression of muscle-specific molecules in avian embryos.","authors":"N Goossens,&nbsp;M Espeel,&nbsp;H Bortier,&nbsp;L Vakaet","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>With an antibody against whole embryonic chick heart, avian embryos of different stages were stained from beginning of cardiogenesis on. The earliest positive staining was encountered in a stage where heart tissue was already morphologically recognizable. This was also the case for myotomes and extrinsic eye muscles. Positive staining with anti-desmin of the same stages was possible slightly later. At the onset anti-desmin showed a staining pattern different from that of anti-heart staining.</p>","PeriodicalId":75392,"journal":{"name":"Acta morphologica Neerlando-Scandinavica","volume":"26 1","pages":"33-41"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13615437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The neural basis of motivated behavior.","authors":"L W Swanson","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A complete motivated or goal-oriented behavioral act can be viewed as consisting of initiation, procurement, and consummatory phases. In order to gain some insight into the organizing principles of neural circuitry that underlies the expression of motivated behavior, certain basic pathways thought to play an important role in two specific classes of such behavior, hypovolemic thirst and reproductive behavior, are reviewed. In both cases, humoral factors participate in the initiation phase, and their sites of action have been rather clearly defined. Circuitry underlying the procurement phase, which involves foraging behavior, is much more complex, but can be thought of as involving two fundamentally different systems, one concerned with the processing of specific sensory information and the production of refined motor responses, and the other concerned with modulating behavioral state. The former is associated primarily with the thalamocortical-lateral forebrain system whereas the latter is associated primarily with the medial forebrain system. Finally, evidence favoring the hypothesis that \"biochemical switching\" may take place in fixed neuroanatomical circuitry associated with ingestive and reproductive behaviors is reviewed.</p>","PeriodicalId":75392,"journal":{"name":"Acta morphologica Neerlando-Scandinavica","volume":"26 2-3","pages":"165-76"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13992018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Scanning electron microscopy substantiates histology in showing the inadequacy of the existing theories on the development of the proximal coronary arteries and their connections with the arterial trunks.","authors":"A J Bogers,&nbsp;A C Gittenberger-de Groot,&nbsp;J A Dubbeldam,&nbsp;H A Huysmans","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Development of proximal coronary arterial segments and coronary arterial orifices was studied by scanning electron microscopy in 20 rat embryos and by light microscopy in serial sections of 20 human and another 18 rat embryos. Neither by scanning electron microscopy nor by light microscopy did we observe more than two coronary arterial orifices. These coronary orifices were always situated in the sinuses of the aorta that faced the pulmonary artery. In the human embryos the coronary orifices emerged between 37-39 days of gestation (16-19 mm crown-rump length, Streeter horizon XVIII-XIX) and were invariably present beyond 39 days (19 mm crown-rump length, Streeter horizon XIX). In rat embryos, the coronary orifices emerged in both scanning electron microscopy and light microscopy at 15-17 days of gestation (13-17 mm crown-rump length) and were invariably present beyond 17 days (17 mm crown-rump length). In both human and rat embryos, either by scanning electron microscopy and light microscopy, the left coronary orifice was observed significantly earlier. In all the investigated embryos, human as well as rat, septation at arterial orifice level was complete, including the earliest stages studied. Light microscopy showed that at the emerging stages of the coronary orifices, the proximal epicardial segments of the left and right coronary arteries could already be identified in a peritruncal ring of epicardial vasculature, before the coronary orifice was observed. This was the case in human as well as in rat embryos. Thus, a coronary orifice was never seen in the absence of a proximal coronary artery. The present theories on development of the proximal coronary arteries and coronary orifices do not offer an adequate explanation for either these data or the known possible congenital abnormalities of the coronary arteries. Our study supports dual proximal coronary arterial development. These two proximal coronary arteries develop out of a peritruncal ring of vascular structures on to the aorta. The process by which the coronary orifices actually develop remains to be explained.</p>","PeriodicalId":75392,"journal":{"name":"Acta morphologica Neerlando-Scandinavica","volume":"26 4","pages":"225-37"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14397179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morphology of ventricular wall surfaces following neurotoxin induced degeneration of supraependymal afferents.","authors":"R N Cupédo,&nbsp;H De Weerd","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Following intraventricular injection of 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine in rats and survival periods up to 25 weeks, the supraependymal serotonergic axon plexus in the lateral and fourth ventricle, except for the plexus upon the hippocampal fimbria in some cases, showed no evidence of regenerative capacities. This contrasts with many reports on regeneration of intraparenchymal serotonergic fibre systems in the mammalian brain following mechanical or neurotoxin-induced experimental degeneration. The supraependymal plexus appears to be critically involved in maintainance of normal ependymal integrity in that following its experimentally induced death many ependymal cells exhibit various pathological alterations in all regions examined. Degeneration of this plexus is also associated with heavy phagocytotic reactions. Morphology, distribution and possible origins of supraependymal macrophages are briefly discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":75392,"journal":{"name":"Acta morphologica Neerlando-Scandinavica","volume":"26 1","pages":"19-31"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14377674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of combined hypophysectomy and cyproterone acetate on the adrenal chromaffin cells of the rat. Evidence for postnatal migration of adrenal chromaffin cells.","authors":"F Bustami","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A light and electron-microscopic study was performed concerning the effects of hypophysectomy (HP) followed by cyproterone acetate (CA) treatment on the adrenal chromaffin cells of the rat. The latter drug is reported to interfere with steroid biosynthesis. When given following HP, CA was found to induce degeneration in the inner cells of the zona fasciculata and a marked fall in the blood corticosterone level. The adrenal chromaffin cells which were depleted after the administration of reserpine at the beginning of the experiment failed to recover two weeks later. In addition, some of the depleted chromaffin cells migrated towards the outer cells of the zona fasciculata, had the appearance of pheochromoblasts and showed features of increased synthetic activity. The results are discussed in the light of the generally accepted functional relationship between the cells of the adrenal cortex and the medulla and following a marked fall in the concentration of blood corticosterone, a chemobiotaxis is suggested between the chromaffin and adrenal cortical cells.</p>","PeriodicalId":75392,"journal":{"name":"Acta morphologica Neerlando-Scandinavica","volume":"26 4","pages":"207-23"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14113650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tissue changes in the rabbit periodontal ligament during orthodontic tooth movement.","authors":"R B Kuitert,&nbsp;J P van de Velde,&nbsp;J B Hoeksma,&nbsp;B Prahl-Andersen","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this (semi) quantitative animal study the reaction of the periodontal ligament (PDL) to experimental tooth movement is described. To this end, rabbit first incisors were moved sideways with helical torsion springs for periods varying from 3-24 hours. The initial force of the springs was 50 gf. The histomorphology of the PDL was studied in 5 microns thick plastic sections. Comparison with control animals and animals wearing passive springs showed that tooth movement leads to an increased trauma in the PDL within only a few hours. This trauma is characterized by hyalinization, tears and ruptures in the fibres and blood vessels, and by the presence of extravascular erythrocytes and pyknosis. Tissue damage significantly increased with time. After 24 hours of tooth movement, the PDL fibers are compressed or stretched in 68% of the sections and the blood vessels in the PDL are compressed or stretched in 62% of the sections. Even in the controls, more than 15% of the sections displayed slightly stretched or compressed fibers, and about 10% showed slightly compressed or stretched blood vessels. This indicates that some damage is regularly present in a normally functioning PDL. Increases in the percentage of sections with blood vessel compression are found in all groups wearing passive springs, especially after 6 hours. A high concordancy in compression and tension patterns of blood vessels and fibers is present in 83% of the sections. Pyknotic cells are practically confined to areas with compressed PDL fibers in rabbits wearing active springs. Extravascular erythrocytes were found in sections with all types of fiber patterns. A significant majority of extravascular erythrocytes, however, was found in areas with compressed fibers.</p>","PeriodicalId":75392,"journal":{"name":"Acta morphologica Neerlando-Scandinavica","volume":"26 4","pages":"191-206"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14397180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Length-force characteristics of aponeurosis in passive muscle and during isometric and slow dynamic contractions of rat gastrocnemius muscle.","authors":"P A Huijing,&nbsp;G J Ettema","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Length-force characteristics of aponeurosis of rat gastrocnemius medialis muscle and achilles tendon were studied for passive and active muscle. Active muscle performed isometric as well as slow concentric and eccentric contractions at low velocity. For isometric conditions, different aponeurosis and tendon length-force characteristics were found between passive and active muscle: At comparable low levels of force longer aponeuroses were encountered in passive than in active muscle. Similar results were found for achilles tendon, but the magnitude of the length change involved was smaller than for aponeurosis. For active muscle, no differences of aponeurosis length- force characteristics could be distinguished between the isometric contractions and a slow concentric contraction. Indications that such differences of aponeurosis length-force characteristics may exist between slow concentric and eccentric contractions were found. It is concluded that, for gastrocnemius medialis muscle, aponeurosis and tendon length - force characteristics may be quite variable depending on recent history of muscle length and activity.</p>","PeriodicalId":75392,"journal":{"name":"Acta morphologica Neerlando-Scandinavica","volume":"26 1","pages":"51-62"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14377678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Localization and pharmacology of some dopamine receptor complexes in the striatum and the pituitary gland: synaptic and son-synaptic communication.","authors":"J C Stoof","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The striatum receives massive dopaminergic projections from neurons in the ventral tegmental area, the substantia nigra and the retro-rubral cell group. Dopaminergic neurons in the arcuate nucleus and periventricular hypothalamic nuclei project to the median eminence and the neuro-intermediate lobe of the pituitary gland. The anterior lobe of the pituitary gland is not innervated by dopaminergic neurons, but receives dopamine via a vascular route from the median eminence. Two categories of dopamine receptors (D-1 and D-2) can be identified on the basis of the ability of various drugs to discriminate between these two entities. Dopamine stimulates both D-1 and D-2 receptors. The affinity of dopamine for the D-2 receptor is approximately 1000 times higher than for the D-1 receptor. Dopamine is involved in synaptic as well as non-synaptic communication. Examples of non-synaptic communication via D-2 receptors are the dopamine induced inhibition of prolactin release from the anterior pituitary gland and most likely the D-2 receptor mediated inhibition of the release of acetylcholine in the striatum. Examples of synaptic communication have been found in the striatum where (with ultrastructural techniques) synaptic contacts between dopaminergic nerve terminals and elements from cells containing GABA, substance P or enkephalin have been demonstrated. It is tempting to speculate that synaptic and non-synaptic communication occurs via D-1 and D-2 receptors respectively.</p>","PeriodicalId":75392,"journal":{"name":"Acta morphologica Neerlando-Scandinavica","volume":"26 2-3","pages":"115-30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13992016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}