Vessel plusPub Date : 2023-09-07DOI: 10.20517/2574-1209.2023.22
A. Sciahbasi, S. Minardi
{"title":"Crack the rock: the role of coronary lithotripsy for heavy calcified lesions","authors":"A. Sciahbasi, S. Minardi","doi":"10.20517/2574-1209.2023.22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20517/2574-1209.2023.22","url":null,"abstract":"Since the first balloon angioplasty 40 years ago, percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI) applicability continues to expand, even in the context of complex coronary anatomies, previously considered unsuitable for PCI. A very challenging scenario for PCI is the treatment of heavily calcified coronary stenosis that is associated with early complications and late adverse events. Countless tools and techniques have been introduced to treat calcified coronary stenosis, and among these, a new and promising technique obtained from lithotripsy technology employed for the treatment of uretero-renal calculi has been introduced: the intravascular lithotripsy (IVL). IVL utilizes acoustic shockwaves in a balloon-based delivery system that induces calcium fractures, facilitating stent advancement and expansion. This review aims to describe the device used for IVL, the results of clinical studies published, and the possible clinical use.","PeriodicalId":75299,"journal":{"name":"Vessel plus","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47798500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Vessel plusPub Date : 2023-08-24DOI: 10.20517/2574-1209.2023.42
A. Calafiore, S. Prapas, Stefano Guarracini, M. Di Marco, R. Lorusso, D. Paparella, Kostas Katsavrias, A. Totaro, M. di Mauro
{"title":"Strategies of cerebral protection and neurologic dysfunctions after circulatory arrest: back to the future?","authors":"A. Calafiore, S. Prapas, Stefano Guarracini, M. Di Marco, R. Lorusso, D. Paparella, Kostas Katsavrias, A. Totaro, M. di Mauro","doi":"10.20517/2574-1209.2023.42","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20517/2574-1209.2023.42","url":null,"abstract":"The introduction of deep hypothermic circulatory arrest (CA) was the factor that contributed to the diffusion of aortic arch surgery in the surgical world. The progressive quest to improve the outcome of such a complex surgery included the introduction of different tools to better protect the brain, such as retrograde or antegrade cerebral perfusion. The increased experience not only resulted in a continuous improvement of the results, but also facilitated the widespread adoption of arch surgery across most of the cardiac Centers. The trend moved towards a gradual rise in the temperature (from ≤ 20 to 30 °C), coupled with a preference for selective/unilateral antegrade cerebral perfusion for brain protection. Nevertheless, results are not perfect and neurologic dysfunctions, temporary or permanent, remain a frequent complication. The spinal cord is not completely protected by cerebral perfusion and ischemia of the lower body can cause organ malfunctions with severe consequences. After decades, the field is still open for new strategies to minimize the damages intrinsic to the procedure. This review will briefly describe the energetics of the brain, the mechanisms of neurologic dysfunctions, and the advantages and disadvantages of the strategies of cerebral protection commonly used during CA for aortic arch surgery.","PeriodicalId":75299,"journal":{"name":"Vessel plus","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42193430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Applications of nanotechnology in the treatment of pulmonary diseases","authors":"Rahit Kumar Dey, Bachaspati Jana, Debabrata Ghosh Dastidar","doi":"10.20517/2574-1209.2023.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20517/2574-1209.2023.06","url":null,"abstract":"Air pollution is a major concern for the global health crisis due to pulmonary diseases, which include asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), pulmonary fibrosis, pneumonia, lung infections, and lung cancer. Early diagnosis and novel drug delivery systems are the keys to their successful management. Asthma and COPD can be managed more effectively when treated with nanoformulations through the pulmonary route. In lung infections and cancer, targeted drug delivery is crucial in improving therapeutic effectiveness while minimizing systemic side effects. Cystic fibrosis can be treated with gene therapy. It serves as a prime example of the utilization of nanotechnology for developing nonviral vectors. This review provides an overview of the causes of different pulmonary diseases and examines the advancements in nanoscience and nanotechnology for their treatment.","PeriodicalId":75299,"journal":{"name":"Vessel plus","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41602730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Vessel plusPub Date : 2023-07-28DOI: 10.20517/2574-1209.2023.05
F. Squizzato, A. Spertino, F. Grego, M. Antonello, M. Piazza
{"title":"Optimization of the proximal sealing in thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR)","authors":"F. Squizzato, A. Spertino, F. Grego, M. Antonello, M. Piazza","doi":"10.20517/2574-1209.2023.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20517/2574-1209.2023.05","url":null,"abstract":"Thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) today represents the first option for the treatment of most pathologies involving the descending thoracic aorta. Proximal endograft failure, which includes endograft migration or type IA endoleak, represents the most frequent complication during the mid-term and long-term period. Proximal sealing length is the single most important factor affecting the technical success and durability of TEVAR. Other factors related to aortic arch anatomy, fluid dynamics, type of endograft, or type of pathology, may influence the risk of proximal endograft failure, and should be considered during the endovascular planning of the proximal sealing length. This review summarizes the evidence on the factors affecting the risk of proximal endograft failure, and provides the rationale for the choice of the proximal sealing length during TEVAR, based on specific patients’ characteristics.","PeriodicalId":75299,"journal":{"name":"Vessel plus","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43396183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Vessel plusPub Date : 2023-07-26DOI: 10.20517/2574-1209.2023.26
G. Andò, Giulia Alagna, S. De Rosa, F. Pelliccia, F. Gragnano, G. Niccoli, R. Piccolo, E. Moscarella, E. Fabris, R. Montone, S. Muscoli, C. Spaccarotella, G. Sinagra, C. Indolfi, I. Porto, P. Perrone Filardi, P. Calabrò
{"title":"Severely calcified coronary artery lesions: focus on interventional management","authors":"G. Andò, Giulia Alagna, S. De Rosa, F. Pelliccia, F. Gragnano, G. Niccoli, R. Piccolo, E. Moscarella, E. Fabris, R. Montone, S. Muscoli, C. Spaccarotella, G. Sinagra, C. Indolfi, I. Porto, P. Perrone Filardi, P. Calabrò","doi":"10.20517/2574-1209.2023.26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20517/2574-1209.2023.26","url":null,"abstract":"Severe coronary artery calcifications remain a challenge for the contemporary interventional cardiologist in the light of the growing demand for diagnostic procedures and interventions in elderly patients; in addition, the general prognostic improvement after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is expanding the indications to PCI to increasingly complex anatomies. In the last decade, a renewed interest in the treatment of calcific lesions has been observed, with the aim to optimize the mechanic effects of balloon angioplasty and the expansion and apposition of DES to the vessel wall. However, patients with calcific coronary artery disease represent a subset with a high risk of adverse outcomes, both intra-procedural and in the long-term. The need to guarantee a targeted and tailored treatment based on the coronary anatomy of any individual patient is a current priority of the interventional community. The efficacy of rotational atherectomy in improving procedural success for the treatment of calcified lesions has been widely demonstrated. The advent of new technologies -especially of intravascular lithotripsy (IVL)-, the application of techniques and materials initially developed for as complex procedures as chronic total occlusions (CTO), the increasing experience of contemporary operators and the introduction of latest generation drug-eluting stents (DES) with excellent technical and structural properties, are further contributing to improving outcomes of current PCI for calcific lesions.","PeriodicalId":75299,"journal":{"name":"Vessel plus","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43740799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Vessel plusPub Date : 2023-07-18DOI: 10.20517/2574-1209.2023.08
M. Troncone, Jonathan C. Hong
{"title":"Descending thoracic and thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm repair using deep hypothermic circulatory arrest","authors":"M. Troncone, Jonathan C. Hong","doi":"10.20517/2574-1209.2023.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20517/2574-1209.2023.08","url":null,"abstract":"Descending thoracic and thoracoabdominal aortic replacement is a complex and high-risk surgery. Deep hypothermic circulatory arrest (DHCA) is a surgical technique that is useful in large distal aortic arch aneurysms or chronic dissections that require fenestration where proximal cross clamping would be difficult. It can also be used as part of a multimodal strategy for end-organ protection. However, DHCA has potential adverse effects on the myocardial, cerebral, pulmonary, and coagulation systems. The use of DHCA is guided by the experience and preferences of the surgical team as well as the technical demands of the proposed surgery.","PeriodicalId":75299,"journal":{"name":"Vessel plus","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48241092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Vessel plusPub Date : 2023-07-12DOI: 10.20517/2574-1209.2023.11
H. Onea, Florin L Lazăr, D. Olinic, B. Cortese
{"title":"Diffuse coronary artery disease management with drug-coated balloons","authors":"H. Onea, Florin L Lazăr, D. Olinic, B. Cortese","doi":"10.20517/2574-1209.2023.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20517/2574-1209.2023.11","url":null,"abstract":"Drug-coated balloons (DCB) have emerged as a valid alternative for drug-eluting stents in the treatment of in-stent restenosis and de-novo lesions in small vessels. In the past years, a significant effort has been made to investigate the role of this strategy in larger vessel disease, with promising preliminary results being reported for several clinical scenarios, including complex lesions, such as bifurcations, chronic total occlusions and diffuse, long lesions. A DCB strategy appears to be of significant interest in diffuse coronary disease, as the total stent length represents an independent predictor for target-vessel failure and a surgical approach does not seem to improve mid- and long-term results compared to optimal medical treatment. Several studies have investigated the safety and efficacy of a non-stent-based approach in this complex setting, and as promising results have been reported, it is fair to assume that reducing the amount of implanted metal in diffusely affected vessels could become the standard of care for these patients if a full or blended therapy with DCB is adopted. However, long-term results from large-scale studies are awaited to confirm these preliminary and intriguing results.","PeriodicalId":75299,"journal":{"name":"Vessel plus","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48662799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Vessel plusPub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.20517/2574-1209.2022.51
L. Escolà-Vergé, A. Roque, M. N. Pizzi, J. González-López, B. Almirante, N. Fernández-hidalgo
{"title":"Complex pathogens in infective endocarditis","authors":"L. Escolà-Vergé, A. Roque, M. N. Pizzi, J. González-López, B. Almirante, N. Fernández-hidalgo","doi":"10.20517/2574-1209.2022.51","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20517/2574-1209.2022.51","url":null,"abstract":"Infective endocarditis (IE) is a complex disease whose prognosis depends on the causative microorganism, among other factors. The latter can be difficult to identify and/or treat. In this narrative review, we identify knowledge gaps in the diagnosis and antimicrobial treatment of IE, and attempt to shed light on current questions. Specifically, we: (1) analyze the factors that may hinder the microbiological diagnosis of blood culture-negative IE, as well as the role of new imaging techniques, such as 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose ([18F]FDG PET/CT), in the diagnostic capacity of this disease, understanding their advantages and assuming their limitations; (2) discuss the therapeutic approach to various difficult-to-treat microorganisms. In particular, we focus on the treatment of staphylococcal IE since, at present, staphylococci are the most frequent cause of IE in developed countries and staphylococcal IE is one of those with the highest short- and long-term mortality. We critically evaluate the current evidence on combination therapy and address the occurrence of serious side effects, an aspect that is often overlooked owing to the severity of the infection; and (3) emphasize the need for home antimicrobial treatment of patients with IE, as these are fragile people who benefit from an early return to their environment. This poses undoubted logistical challenges and requires robust evidence to ensure the best short- and long-term outcomes.","PeriodicalId":75299,"journal":{"name":"Vessel plus","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67655699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Vessel plusPub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.20517/2574-1209.2022.62
{"title":"The “Y”-configuration of double Neuroform Atlas assisted coil embolization for treatment of cerebral bifurcation wide-neck aneurysms: very long-term follow-up of a multicentric experience","authors":"","doi":"10.20517/2574-1209.2022.62","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20517/2574-1209.2022.62","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":75299,"journal":{"name":"Vessel plus","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67656492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Vessel plusPub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.20517/2574-1209.2022.49
{"title":"Total endovascular aortic arch repair: is it for everyone and where is its evidence?","authors":"","doi":"10.20517/2574-1209.2022.49","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20517/2574-1209.2022.49","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":75299,"journal":{"name":"Vessel plus","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67655686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}