Agriculture (Pol'nohospodárstvo)最新文献_第5页

Improving Resistance of Foeniculum Vulgare to Water Deficit Stress by Natural Regulators 天然调节因子提高普通小叶对水分亏缺胁迫的抗性

Agriculture (Pol'nohospodárstvo) Pub Date : 2021-04-01 DOI: 10.2478/agri-2021-0003

F. Sorkhi, Ramin Rostami, K. Ghassemi-Golezani

{"title":"Improving Resistance of Foeniculum Vulgare to Water Deficit Stress by Natural Regulators","authors":"F. Sorkhi, Ramin Rostami, K. Ghassemi-Golezani","doi":"10.2478/agri-2021-0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/agri-2021-0003","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This research was conducted as a combined analysis with four replications in two years (2018 ‒ 2019). Treatments were irrigation up to 90%, 50%, and 20% field capacity (as normal irrigation, moderate and severe water deficit stresses, respectively) and foliar application of natural regulators (untreated as control, salicylic acid, spermidine, and methanol). Increasing water deficit stress was led to a significant increase in essential oil percentage and proline content and a significant decrease in yield parameters and seed yield. Most of the traits (except the percentage of essential oil) were affected by natural growth regulators. The highest seed yield (1,127.59 kg/ha), plant biomass (5,426.92 kg/ha), essential oil yield (22.67 kg/ha), and proline content (29.34 μmol/g fresh weight) were obtained in methanol treated plants under normal irrigation. However, the highest amount of these traits under moderate and severe water deficit was recorded for salicylic acid-treated plants. Therefore, foliar spray of methanol was a useful treatment for non-stress conditions, but, application of salicylic acid was the superior treatment for reducing the negative effects of water deficit stress on Foeniculum vulgare.","PeriodicalId":7527,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture (Pol'nohospodárstvo)","volume":"61 1","pages":"29 - 41"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77763612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Optimizing Micropropagation of Apple (Malus × Domestica Borkh) and in Vitro Root Induction By Piriformospora indica 苹果(Malus × Domestica Borkh)微繁优化及Piriformospora离体诱导根的研究

Agriculture (Pol'nohospodárstvo) Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/agri-2020-0013

Samira Masoudi, M. Kermani, A. Soleimani, H. Hajnajari, A. Alidadi, Z. Hosseini

{"title":"Optimizing Micropropagation of Apple (Malus × Domestica Borkh) and in Vitro Root Induction By Piriformospora indica","authors":"Samira Masoudi, M. Kermani, A. Soleimani, H. Hajnajari, A. Alidadi, Z. Hosseini","doi":"10.2478/agri-2020-0013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/agri-2020-0013","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The inoculation of plant species with mycorrhiza fungus Piriformospora indica results in enhancement of growth, increase in yield, and induction of resistance to biotic and abiotic diseases through improvement of the root system. The aim of the present study was to optimize in vitro propagation protocol for three indigenous apples (Malus × domestica) cultivars (ꞌGolbaharꞌ, ꞌSharbatiꞌ, ꞌSoltani Shabestariꞌ) and one commercial cultivar (ꞌGolden Deliciousꞌ). Furthermore, the efficiency of P. indica at rooting stage was investigated on three cultivars (ꞌSharbatiꞌ, ꞌSoltani Shabestariꞌ, ꞌGolden Deliciousꞌ). Establishment and proliferation stages were optimized by collecting explants at different seasons and comparing different culture media respectively. Rooting optimization included six treatments containing different concentrations of auxins in the presence or absence of P. indica. Results showed that at the establishment stage, a maximum percent of survival was observed in explants collected in spring. At the proliferation stage, different media had a divergent effects on distinct cultivars. Although all cultivars reacted favourable to micropropagation in MS (Murashige & Skoog 1962) basal medium, the presence or absence of cytokinin 2ip (N6-(2-Isopentenyl) adenine) in the culture media showed significant and incremental improvements in growth indices. In all cultivars highest rooting percent, root length, root thickness, and the number of roots/explant was observed in MS media containing auxins for three weeks followed by a treatment of MS medium containing P. indica for another three weeks. Plantlets treated with P. indica, grow stronger and healthier at the acclimation stage compared to the ones that excluded P. indica.","PeriodicalId":7527,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture (Pol'nohospodárstvo)","volume":"153 3 1","pages":"137 - 147"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83128213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Molecular Characterization of Cereal Yellow Dwarf Virus-RPV in Grasses in European Part of Turkey 土耳其欧洲地区禾草中谷类黄矮病毒的分子特征

Agriculture (Pol'nohospodárstvo) Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/agri-2020-0015

H. Ilbağı, A. Çıtır, A. Kara, M. Uysal

{"title":"Molecular Characterization of Cereal Yellow Dwarf Virus-RPV in Grasses in European Part of Turkey","authors":"H. Ilbağı, A. Çıtır, A. Kara, M. Uysal","doi":"10.2478/agri-2020-0015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/agri-2020-0015","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Yellow dwarf viruses (YDVs) are economically destructive viral diseases of cereal crops, which cause the reduction of yield and quality of grains. Cereal yellow dwarf virus-RPV (CYDV-RPV) is one of the most serious virus species of YDVs. These virus diseases cause epidemics in cereal fields in some periods of the year in Turkey depending on potential reservoir natural hosts that play a significant role in epidemiology. This study was conducted to investigate the presence and prevalence of CYDV-RPV in grasses and volunteer cereal host plants including 33 species from Poaceae, Asteraceae, Juncaceae, Geraniaceae, Cyperaceae, and Rubiaceae families in the Trakya region of Turkey. A total of 584 symptomatic grass and volunteer cereal leaf samples exhibiting yellowing, reddening, irregular necrotic patches and dwarfing symptoms were collected from Trakya and tested by ELISA and RT-PCR methods. The screening tests showed that 55 out of 584 grass samples were infected with CYDV-RPV in grasses from the Poaceae family, while none of the other families had no infection. The incidence of CYDV-RPV was detected at a rate of 9.42%. Transmission experiments using the aphid species Rhopalosiphum padi L. showed that CYDV-RPV was transmitted persistently from symptomatic intact grasses such as Avena sterilis, Lolium perenne and Phleum exratum to barley cv. Barbaros seedlings. PCR products of five Turkish RPV grass isolates were sequenced and compared with eleven known CYDV-RPV isolates in the GenBank⁄ EMBL databases. Compared nucleotide and amino acid sequences of CYDV-RPV isolates showed that the identities ranged from 40.38 − 95.86 % to 14.04 − 93.38%, respectively. In this study, 19 grass species from the Poaceae family and two volunteer cereal host plants were determined as natural reservoir hosts of CYDV-RPV in the cereal growing areas of Turkey.","PeriodicalId":7527,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture (Pol'nohospodárstvo)","volume":"49 1","pages":"161 - 170"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74314615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Silicon Titanium Oxide Nanoparticles Can Stimulate Plant Growth and the Photosynthetic Pigments on Lettuce Crop 纳米二氧化硅对生菜植株生长和光合色素的促进作用

Agriculture (Pol'nohospodárstvo) Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/agri-2020-0014

Nuno Mariz-Ponte, Sara Sario, R. Mendes, C. Correia, J. Moutinho-Pereira, C. Correia, Conceição Santos

{"title":"Silicon Titanium Oxide Nanoparticles Can Stimulate Plant Growth and the Photosynthetic Pigments on Lettuce Crop","authors":"Nuno Mariz-Ponte, Sara Sario, R. Mendes, C. Correia, J. Moutinho-Pereira, C. Correia, Conceição Santos","doi":"10.2478/agri-2020-0014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/agri-2020-0014","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Our knowledge of the bioactivity of silicon titanium oxide nanoparticles (TiSiO4 NPs) in crops is scarce, contrarily to TiO2NPs and SiO2NPs that are used in many industrial sectors, and have emerged in nanoagriculture (e.g., as pesticides or nanofertilisers). To evaluate the potential of using TiSiO4 NPs in nanoagriculture, it is necessary to characterize their potential benefits on crops and the safety doses. Here, we report for the first time the bioactivity of TiSiO4 NPs (up to 100 mg/L) in the model crop lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) exposed for three weeks (from seeds/seedlings to pre-harvesting phase). The doses applied did not compromise the germination rate, and highly stimulated plant fresh matter. TiSiO4 NPs had beneficial effects on photochemical processes by increasing chlorophyll levels. Effects on photosynthesis are less evident but TiSiO4 NPs (100 mg/L) stimulated the photosynthetic potential, increasing Fv/Fm and ETR when compared to the 50 mg/L conditions. TiSiO4 NPs did not influence the net photosynthetic rate and other Calvin-cycle variables. Soluble sugars and starch levels were overall maintained. In general, this first report on TiSiO4 NPs bioactivity suggests that they did not have a toxic effect, and may be used to potentiate crops’ growth. Principal component analysis (PCA) also shows that despite effects on photosynthetic performance is minimal regarding the control, the 50 and 100 mg/L doses strongly differ, with the lower dose promoting mostly pigment accumulation, while the higher dose slightly stimulates Photosystem II efficiency including the electron transport rate and other gas exchange parameters.","PeriodicalId":7527,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture (Pol'nohospodárstvo)","volume":"90 1","pages":"148 - 160"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89061652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Potential Application of Biochar Depends Mainly on Its Profits for Farmers: Case Study in Slovakia 生物炭的潜在应用主要取决于其对农民的利润:斯洛伐克的案例研究

Agriculture (Pol'nohospodárstvo) Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/agri-2020-0016

V. Šimanský, Elena Aydın, D. Igaz, J. Horák

引用次数: 2

Seed Harvesting Properties of Corn Hybrids Under Two-Stage Separation 两段分离条件下玉米杂交种的种子收获特性

Agriculture (Pol'nohospodárstvo) Pub Date : 2020-11-01 DOI: 10.2478/agri-2020-0011

M. Kyrpa, D. Kovalov, S. Skotar, Yulia Bazilieva, O. Lupitko

{"title":"Seed Harvesting Properties of Corn Hybrids Under Two-Stage Separation","authors":"M. Kyrpa, D. Kovalov, S. Skotar, Yulia Bazilieva, O. Lupitko","doi":"10.2478/agri-2020-0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/agri-2020-0011","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The objective of this experiment was to identify the effects of two-stage separation of a mixture of corn hybrid seeds to their fractional structure, sawing qualities, and harvesting properties. Research materials were seeds from different ripeness groups of selection in the State Establishment Institute of Grain Crops of National Academy Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine. The research included the laboratory modeling of the seed-separation process in the regimes of sieve separation which was done by features of the linear dimension of a seed. The separation process had two stages – the first stage and the second stage. At the first stage, this mixture of seeds was divided into two components with approximately similar capacity. At the first stage of choice, separate surfaces depended on the shape of the seed and the surface could have holes with different dimension sizes (round holes with a definite diameter or oblong with definite width and length). At the second stage, each component of the seed mixture was divided into fractions of necessary quantity, they had different shapes and linear dimensions of a seed. In researches, it was determined output and weight of 1,000 seeds as the main technic-technological indexes of the seed separation process, laboratory, and field germination, and yield capacity of fractions for corn seeds as the main indexes of quality. It was established that the two-stage method of division of the seed mass into fractions by feature “width of caryopsis” was the most effective for the separation of sowing materials of corn seeds. The indicated method provided the output of high-quality seeds of hybrid Svitiaz’ for the first sowing group within 68.8 – 81.9%, for the second sowing group 66.6 – 81.2% by years of researches. Separation in a two-stage regime with a division of seed mixture at the finishing phase of the seed separator work by feature “thickness of caryopsis” provided the formation of more uniform seed fractions.","PeriodicalId":7527,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture (Pol'nohospodárstvo)","volume":"37 1","pages":"118 - 127"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75189330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Fire Blight Management: Physiological Assessment of Cultural Control By Pruning in Pear Orchards 梨园火枯病防治:修剪栽培防治的生理评价

Agriculture (Pol'nohospodárstvo) Pub Date : 2020-11-01 DOI: 10.2478/agri-2020-0012

R. Mendes, Nuno Mariz-Ponte, C. Correia, M. C. Dias, Miguel L. de Sousa, F. Tavares, Conceição Santos

{"title":"Fire Blight Management: Physiological Assessment of Cultural Control By Pruning in Pear Orchards","authors":"R. Mendes, Nuno Mariz-Ponte, C. Correia, M. C. Dias, Miguel L. de Sousa, F. Tavares, Conceição Santos","doi":"10.2478/agri-2020-0012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/agri-2020-0012","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The aim of this work was to evaluate the photosynthetic performance of Pear trees (cv. ‘Rocha’) infected with Erwinia amylovora, three months after suffering a pruning of infected branches (P-trees) compared with asymptomatic trees (C-trees) of the same orchard. Three months after pruning, P-trees looked healthy and were negative for the presence of E. amylovora. In September of 2018, fully expanded leaves of both P- and C- trees were sampled and analysed for photosynthetic parameters related to chlorophyll a fluorescence and gas exchange, alongside with pigments, total soluble sugars, starch, and ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (RuBisCO) contents. No significant differences were found in chlorophyll and carotenoids levels, but anthocyanins significantly decreased in P-trees. Also, despite the maximum quantum yield (Fv/Fm) significantly decreased in P-trees, the effective quantum yield of the PSII was maintained, paralleled with no changes in gas exchange parameters (PN, gs, Ci, E, iWUE, PN/gs), nor in RuBisCO relative content. Finally, the maintenance of the levels of total soluble sugars and starch also supports that the photosynthetic performance of P-trees, three months after pruning, reached values similar to those of the C-trees, contributing to the normal development and ripening of the fruit. Data support that pruning represents a reliable control measure against this quarantine pathogen. This work is the first evaluation of pruning in fire blight management regarding carbon metabolism in P. communis trees.","PeriodicalId":7527,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture (Pol'nohospodárstvo)","volume":"37 1","pages":"128 - 136"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86866021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

The Combination of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi with Rock Powder and Poultry Litter: An Appropriate Natural Fertiliser for Improving the Productivity of Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr) 丛枝菌根真菌与岩粉和家禽垃圾配施:提高大豆产量的适宜天然肥料稳定)

Agriculture (Pol'nohospodárstvo) Pub Date : 2020-11-01 DOI: 10.2478/agri-2020-0010

Kamdem Kaigom Fabrice, T. Lucien, M. Abba, Megueni Clautilde

{"title":"The Combination of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi with Rock Powder and Poultry Litter: An Appropriate Natural Fertiliser for Improving the Productivity of Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr)","authors":"Kamdem Kaigom Fabrice, T. Lucien, M. Abba, Megueni Clautilde","doi":"10.2478/agri-2020-0010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/agri-2020-0010","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of the combination of various natural fertilisers on growth and seed yield of the soybean plants. Field experimentations were carried out during two cropping seasons (2018 and 2019). A randomized complete block experimental design with 11 treatments (F1: 30 g of poultry litter, F2: 60 g of poultry litter, MP: 10 g of mycorrhizae + 10 g of vivianite powder, MF1: 10 g of mycorrhizae + 30 g of poultry litter, MF2: 10 g of mycorrhizae + 60 g of poultry litter, PF1: 10 g of vivianite powder + 30 g of poultry litter, PF2: 10 g of vivianite powder + 60 g of poultry litter, MPF1: 10 g of mycorhizae + 10 g of vivianite powder + 30 g of poultry litter, MPF2: 10 g of mycorrhizae + 10 g of vivianite powder + 60 g of poultry litter, T+: chemical fertiliser, T–: unfertilised plants) and three replications were used. The growth parameters and seed yield were evaluated. The results showed that the growth and seed yield of soybean varied depending on the fertiliser and the cropping season. Plants that have received the MPF2 treatment exhibited significantly (p ˂ 0.05) the highest values of the studied parameters (plants height, foliar production, plants dry biomass, seed yield). The MPF2 treatment increased the seed yield of soybean by 20.08% and 184.76% compared to T+ and T– treatments, respectively. The supply of the following combination, 10 g of mycorrhizae + 10 g of vivianite powder + 60 g of poultry litter was found to be very promising in improving the soybean plant growth and therefore, can be used as an alternative to replacing the mineral fertilisers usually employed for the cultivation of this crop.","PeriodicalId":7527,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture (Pol'nohospodárstvo)","volume":"131 1 1","pages":"108 - 117"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76596301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Comparative Effects of Different Organic and Inorganic Fertilisers on Soil Fertility, Plant Growth, Soil Microbial Community, and Storage Ability of Lettuce 不同有机肥和无机肥对生菜土壤肥力、植物生长、土壤微生物群落和贮藏能力的比较效应

Agriculture (Pol'nohospodárstvo) Pub Date : 2020-11-01 DOI: 10.2478/agri-2020-0009

M. El-Mogy, Suzy M. Abdelaziz, A. Mahmoud, T. Elsayed, Noha H. Abdel-Kader, M. A. Mohamed

{"title":"Comparative Effects of Different Organic and Inorganic Fertilisers on Soil Fertility, Plant Growth, Soil Microbial Community, and Storage Ability of Lettuce","authors":"M. El-Mogy, Suzy M. Abdelaziz, A. Mahmoud, T. Elsayed, Noha H. Abdel-Kader, M. A. Mohamed","doi":"10.2478/agri-2020-0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/agri-2020-0009","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The current study was conducted to assess whether organic fertilisation could replace mineral fertilisation in lettuce production without adverse effects on yield, quality, and postharvest behaviour. The effect of either mineral or organic fertiliser on soil fertility or the microbial community was also studied. Control plots were fertilised with recommended rates of mineral fertiliser (150: 45: 65 kg/ha NPK) and the other treatments were 15 t/ha compost, 10 t/ha rabbit manure, and 10 t/ha chicken manure. Our results indicated that all sources of organic fertiliser significantly increased total nitrogen, organic carbon, total fungi, and bacteria contents of soils compared with mineral fertiliser. Rabbit and chicken manure fertilisers resulted in a significant increase in yield. Compared with conventional fertiliser and other organic treatments, plots receiving rabbit manure showed a lower weight loss and microbial load on fresh lettuce head. Moreover, rabbit manure significantly reduced polyphenol oxidase and peroxidase activity. Hence, these results suggest that rabbit manure fertiliser could be an alternative to conventional production without significant reduction in yield and with low enzymatic browning and better storability.","PeriodicalId":7527,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture (Pol'nohospodárstvo)","volume":"16 1","pages":"87 - 107"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83970863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Caps DNA Barcoding for Field Laboratory Identification of Grass Species (British Grasses as a Model) 草种野外实验室鉴定的帽DNA条形码(以英国禾本科为例)

Agriculture (Pol'nohospodárstvo) Pub Date : 2020-07-01 DOI: 10.2478/agri-2020-0008

N. Haider, M. Wilkinson

{"title":"Caps DNA Barcoding for Field Laboratory Identification of Grass Species (British Grasses as a Model)","authors":"N. Haider, M. Wilkinson","doi":"10.2478/agri-2020-0008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/agri-2020-0008","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The true grasses (Poaceae) comprise one of the largest plant families on earth. The group is peerless in its contribution to global agricultural production and its members dominate many of the world’s most important habitats. However, morphological diagnosis of wild grasses is notoriously problematic and it is often impossible in the absence of flowering individuals. The advent of DNA barcoding provided a useful tool to address this problem for larger-scale or longer-term studies but the need for sequencing precludes its use in a field laboratory context or in situations where either funding or time is limited. Here, a chloroplast DNA (cpDNA)-based Cleaved Amplified Polymorphic Sequence (CAPS) system of molecular species diagnosis that has the capacity to address this problem is presented using British grasses as a model. First, PCRs were performed using universal primer pairs targeting 21 regions of the chloroplast genome in authenticated representatives of the 117 grass species from the British Isles, and universal amplification for all loci targeted was demonstrated. Second, 54 restriction enzymes were applied on amplification products generated from all species. There were 10 locus-enzyme combinations (with the highest variation) that had the best diagnostic utility for the 117 grass species.CAPS analysis on 16 representatives of three genera (Calamagrostis, Phleum, and Agrostis) was then used to illustrate the potential utility of the pipeline for establishing a field-laboratory screen of species identity. CAPS DNA barcoding system developed here may have ecological, conservation, and commercial applications. However, it has limited possibilities for intraspecific differentiation due to the highly conserved nature of loci targeted within species.","PeriodicalId":7527,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture (Pol'nohospodárstvo)","volume":"21 1","pages":"74 - 86"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82060558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1