Twin research : the official journal of the International Society for Twin Studies最新文献

Eating behaviors, body image, perfectionism, and self-esteem in a sample of Portuguese girls. 葡萄牙女孩的饮食行为、身体形象、完美主义和自尊。

Twin research : the official journal of the International Society for Twin Studies Pub Date : 2016-02-05 DOI: 10.1590/1516-4446-2015-1723

Maria D Teixeira, Ana T Pereira, Mariana V Marques, Jorge M Saraiva, António F de Macedo

{"title":"Eating behaviors, body image, perfectionism, and self-esteem in a sample of Portuguese girls.","authors":"Maria D Teixeira, Ana T Pereira, Mariana V Marques, Jorge M Saraiva, António F de Macedo","doi":"10.1590/1516-4446-2015-1723","DOIUrl":"10.1590/1516-4446-2015-1723","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Eating disorders are an increasingly prevalent health problem among adolescent girls. It is well known that biological, psychosocial, and family-related factors interact in the development of this group of disorders. However, the mechanisms underlying the interaction between these variables are still poorly understood, especially in Portuguese adolescents. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between eating behaviors, body dissatisfaction, self-esteem, and perfectionism in a sample of Portuguese girls.Method: A community sample of 575 Portuguese girls attending secondary school, answered self-report questionnaires including data on weight, height, and the Portuguese versions of the Contour Figures Rating Scale, the Child and Adolescent Perfectionism Scale, the Children Eating Attitudes Test, and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale. SPSS version 20.0 for Windows was used for statistical analyses.Results: High scores in the Children Eating Attitudes Test were associated with significantly higher levels of body dissatisfaction (r = 0.339), socially prescribed perfectionism (r = 0.175), self-oriented perfectionism (r = 0.211), and low self-esteem (r = -0.292) (all p < 0.001). Self-oriented perfectionism partially mediated the relation between body dissatisfaction and disordered eating behaviors.Conclusion: In this sample, dysfunctional eating behaviors appeared to correlate strongly with body dissatisfaction, low self-esteem, and perfectionism in girls. These themes should be addressed among female adolescents in the community.","PeriodicalId":75270,"journal":{"name":"Twin research : the official journal of the International Society for Twin Studies","volume":"4 1","pages":"135-40"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7111361/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88698799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Genetic influences on female infidelity and number of sexual partners in humans: a linkage and association study of the role of the vasopressin receptor gene (AVPR1A). 遗传对女性不忠和人类性伴侣数量的影响:抗利尿激素受体基因(AVPR1A)作用的连锁和关联研究

Twin research : the official journal of the International Society for Twin Studies Pub Date : 2004-12-01 DOI: 10.1375/1369052042663922

Lynn F Cherkas, Elizabeth C Oelsner, Y T Mak, Anna Valdes, Tim D Spector

{"title":"Genetic influences on female infidelity and number of sexual partners in humans: a linkage and association study of the role of the vasopressin receptor gene (AVPR1A).","authors":"Lynn F Cherkas, Elizabeth C Oelsner, Y T Mak, Anna Valdes, Tim D Spector","doi":"10.1375/1369052042663922","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1375/1369052042663922","url":null,"abstract":"In humans, in contrast to animals, the genetic influences on infidelity are unclear. We report here a large study of over 1600 unselected United Kingdom female twin pairs who confidentially reported previous episodes of infidelity and total lifetime number of sexual partners, as well as attitudes towards infidelity. Our findings demonstrate that infidelity and number of sexual partners are both under moderate genetic influence (41% and 38% heritable, respectively) and the genetic correlation between these two traits is strong (47%). Conversely, attitudes towards infidelity are driven by shared and unique environmental, but not genetic, influences. A genome-wide linkage scan identified three suggestive but nonsignificant linkage areas associated with infidelity and number of sexual partners on chromosomes 3, 7 and 20 with a maximum LOD score of 2.46. We were unsuccessful in associating infidelity or number of sexual partners with a locus implicated in other mammals' sexual behavior, the vasopressin receptor gene. Nonetheless, our findings on the heritability of sexual infidelity and number of sexual partners provide support for certain evolutionary theories of human sexual behavior, as well as justifying further genetic and molecular research in this domain.","PeriodicalId":75270,"journal":{"name":"Twin research : the official journal of the International Society for Twin Studies","volume":"7 6","pages":"649-58"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1375/1369052042663922","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"24867509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 77

Profiling gene expression in whole blood samples following an in-vitro challenge. 体外刺激后全血样本基因表达谱分析。

Twin research : the official journal of the International Society for Twin Studies Pub Date : 2004-12-01 DOI: 10.1375/1369052042663878

Sabine Spijker, Joyce C H van de Leemput, Chantal Hoekstra, Dorret I Boomsma, August B Smit

{"title":"Profiling gene expression in whole blood samples following an in-vitro challenge.","authors":"Sabine Spijker, Joyce C H van de Leemput, Chantal Hoekstra, Dorret I Boomsma, August B Smit","doi":"10.1375/1369052042663878","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1375/1369052042663878","url":null,"abstract":"Genomics tools (gene- and protein-expression studies) can be used to find possible target genes involved in a quantifiable trait or disease state. However in many instances, cells and tissues directly involved in the trait's expression, for example, brain tissue, are not amenable for gene expression analysis. Whole blood cells share a molecular make-up for cellular communication and gene regulation systems with many other cell types, for example, neuronal cells, and have the advantage of being very accessible for gene profiling. We investigated the feasibility of nationwide blood sample collection for lymphocyte RNA isolation and real-time PCR analysis to quantify genomic responses. We tested several designs for blood collection and storage: blood sampling in PAXgene blood collection tubes and storage at -20 degrees C, blood sampling in heparin tubes and decanting the samples (with or without in-vitro stimulus) into either PAXgene blood collection tubes and storage at -20 degrees C, or polypropylene tubes followed by snap-freezing and storage at -80 degrees C. The latter procedure is the best cost-wise when only small amounts of total RNA are needed for downstream applications. Lymphocyte gene expression studies are most likely hampered by the quality of isolated RNA rather than the sampling method. We show that large-scale nationwide sample collections did not alter RNA quality or gene expression levels when compared to sampling and processing in a more controlled way. To this end, we present an optimized protocol for easy and standardized isolation of high quality RNA using the PAXgene isolation kit. Based on these results, we suggest that whole blood genomic data can be used as a genomic probe in experimental and clinical research.","PeriodicalId":75270,"journal":{"name":"Twin research : the official journal of the International Society for Twin Studies","volume":"7 6","pages":"564-70"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1375/1369052042663878","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25037050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 16

Genetic influences on vulnerability to, and protective factors for, adolescent drinking. 青少年饮酒易感性的遗传影响和保护因素。

Twin research : the official journal of the International Society for Twin Studies Pub Date : 2004-12-01 DOI: 10.1375/1369052042663869

Elizabeth A Siewert, Michael C Stallings, John K Hewitt

{"title":"Genetic influences on vulnerability to, and protective factors for, adolescent drinking.","authors":"Elizabeth A Siewert, Michael C Stallings, John K Hewitt","doi":"10.1375/1369052042663869","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1375/1369052042663869","url":null,"abstract":"Using behavioral genetic analyses, we investigated and present a possible relationship between adolescent alcohol use and six domains of common problem behaviors in a community-based sample of 633 twin pairs who were under the legal drinking age of 21 (mean age = 15.0 years). The underlying etiology of the six problem behavioral domains, classified as conduct problems, hyperactivity, school problems, low self-esteem, neuroticism, and social withdrawal, was previously described (Siewert et al., 2003) as two heritable and genetically distinct dimensions of problem behavior. We took the two best-fitting models from that study (one that proposed a generalized behavior problem factor along with an internalizing behavior factor, and one that proposed an externalizing behavior factor along with an internalizing behavior factor) and extended the analyses in this study to include an index of alcohol use. Our results suggest that there is a strong genetic relationship between adolescent alcohol use and a broad spectrum of both externalizing and internalizing behavioral problems. The individual who seems to be at risk for either generalized or specifically externalizing behavioral problems is also at risk for adolescent alcohol use. However, the individual who exhibits internalizing problem behaviors appears to be protected from adolescent alcohol use. We propose that adolescent alcohol consumption needs to be understood in the context of these genetically influenced externalizing and internalizing propensities.","PeriodicalId":75270,"journal":{"name":"Twin research : the official journal of the International Society for Twin Studies","volume":"7 6","pages":"617-25"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1375/1369052042663869","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25037057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The first successful separation of conjoined twins in 1689: some additions and corrections. 1689年第一次成功分离连体双胞胎:一些补充和更正。

Twin research : the official journal of the International Society for Twin Studies Pub Date : 2004-12-01 DOI: 10.1375/1369052042663760

Erwin J O Kompanje

引用次数: 12

Genetics of dizygotic twinning: a feasibility study for a biobank. 异卵双胞胎的遗传学:生物库的可行性研究。

Twin research : the official journal of the International Society for Twin Studies Pub Date : 2004-12-01 DOI: 10.1375/1369052042663751

Chantal Hoekstra, Piet Meijer, Cornelis Kluft, Peter Heutink, Guus Smit, Eco de Geus, Jan H Smit, Angelique van Bruggen, Grant W Montgomery, Dorret I Boomsma

{"title":"Genetics of dizygotic twinning: a feasibility study for a biobank.","authors":"Chantal Hoekstra, Piet Meijer, Cornelis Kluft, Peter Heutink, Guus Smit, Eco de Geus, Jan H Smit, Angelique van Bruggen, Grant W Montgomery, Dorret I Boomsma","doi":"10.1375/1369052042663751","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1375/1369052042663751","url":null,"abstract":"To locate the genes that make a substantial contribution to variation in natural dizygotic twinning in humans, large-scale studies are needed. New studies should not stop at DNA genotyping, but collect material that allow gene-expression analysis, transcriptomics, proteomics and endocrinology. In this article we describe a pilot study to examine the feasibility, effectiveness and logistics of large-scale nationwide sample collection in Dutch families in which two or more sisters have given birth to spontaneous dizygotic twins. Pedigree data and addresses from family members of proband mothers were collected by telephone. Blood and urine samples were collected during a home visit, and handled in the afternoon. All participants were bled between 7 a.m. and 10 a.m. after overnight fasting. Blood samples of fertile women with a natural cycle were collected on the second, third or fourth day of their menstrual cycle. The effects of transportation and storage on blood quality, lipids, RNA with and without challenge, lymphocytes and other parameters were examined. Genomic DNA was isolated from blood and cells were immortalized using Epstein-Barr virus. In 78.6% of the women with a natural cycle blood samples were collected on the second, third or fourth day of the menstrual cycle. This percentage is likely to increase with the more dense geographical distribution of participants in the larger population. We conclude that the pilot study demonstrated the feasibility of this protocol to collect good quality of plasma, DNA, RNA and lymphocyte samples by home visits.","PeriodicalId":75270,"journal":{"name":"Twin research : the official journal of the International Society for Twin Studies","volume":"7 6","pages":"556-63"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1375/1369052042663751","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25037110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Twin Paternity; Twin Study Summaries; Why Twins Fascinate 双胞胎父权;双胞胎研究综述;为什么双胞胎如此迷人

Twin research : the official journal of the International Society for Twin Studies Pub Date : 2004-12-01 DOI: 10.1375/twin.7.6.675

N. Segal

引用次数: 1

Quantitative association tests of immune responses to antigens of Mycobacterium tuberculosis: a study of twins in West Africa. 对结核分枝杆菌抗原免疫反应的定量关联试验:西非双胞胎的研究。

Twin research : the official journal of the International Society for Twin Studies Pub Date : 2004-12-01 DOI: 10.1375/1369052042663887

Amanda Wiart, Annette Jepson, Winston Banya, Steve Bennett, Hilton Whittle, Nicholas G Martin, Adrian V S Hill

{"title":"Quantitative association tests of immune responses to antigens of Mycobacterium tuberculosis: a study of twins in West Africa.","authors":"Amanda Wiart, Annette Jepson, Winston Banya, Steve Bennett, Hilton Whittle, Nicholas G Martin, Adrian V S Hill","doi":"10.1375/1369052042663887","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1375/1369052042663887","url":null,"abstract":"There is now considerable evidence that host genetic factors are important in determining the outcome of infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB). The aim of this study was to assess the role of several candidate genes in the variation observed in the immune responses to MTB antigens. In-vitro assays of T-cell proliferation, an in-vivo intradermal delayed hypersensitivity response; cytokine and antibody secretions to several mycobacterial peptide antigens were assessed in healthy, but exposed, West African twins. Candidate gene polymorphisms were typed in the NRAMP1, Vitamin D receptor, IL10, IL4, IL4 receptor and CTLA-4 genes. Variants of the loci IL10 (-1082 G/A), CTLA-4 (49 A/G) and the IL4 receptor (128 A/G) showed significant associations with immune responses to several antigens. T-cell proliferative responses and antibody responses were reduced, TNF-alpha responses were increased for subjects with the CTLA-4 G allele. The T-cell proliferative responses of subjects with IL10 GA and GG genotypes differed significantly. IL4 receptor AG and GG genotypes also showed significant differences in their T-cell proliferative responses to MTB antigens. These results yield a greater understanding of the genetic mechanisms that underlie the immune responses in tuberculosis and have implications for the design of therapeutic interventions.","PeriodicalId":75270,"journal":{"name":"Twin research : the official journal of the International Society for Twin Studies","volume":"7 6","pages":"578-88"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1375/1369052042663887","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25037052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 8

The genetic and environmental effects on depressive symptoms among older female twins. 遗传和环境对老年女性双胞胎抑郁症状的影响。

Twin research : the official journal of the International Society for Twin Studies Pub Date : 2004-12-01 DOI: 10.1375/1369052042663904

Sanna Takkinen, Asko Tolvanen, Jaakko Kaprio, Stig Berg, Markku Koskenvuo, Taina Rantanen

{"title":"The genetic and environmental effects on depressive symptoms among older female twins.","authors":"Sanna Takkinen, Asko Tolvanen, Jaakko Kaprio, Stig Berg, Markku Koskenvuo, Taina Rantanen","doi":"10.1375/1369052042663904","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1375/1369052042663904","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the present study was to examine the contribution of genetic and environmental factors to depressive symptoms among older women. The participants were 102 monozygotic and 115 dizygotic female twin pairs aged 64 to 76 years. Depressive symptoms were assessed by the Center for the Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale. The contribution of genetic and environmental effects was estimated for the constructed depressiveness factor and for the subscales which were depressed mood, psychomotor retardation, lack of wellbeing and interpersonal difficulties. Of the variance in depressiveness, shared environmental influences accounted for 39% and nonshared environmental influences 61%. For the subscales, 24% to 62% of the variance was explained by individual, and 13% to 23% by shared, environmental factors. Lack of wellbeing had its own moderate additive genetic effect explaining 30% of the variance. This study showed that in older women predominantly environmental factors underlay individual differences in depressiveness; however, the factors varied to some extent between dimensions measured by the subscales.","PeriodicalId":75270,"journal":{"name":"Twin research : the official journal of the International Society for Twin Studies","volume":"7 6","pages":"626-36"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1375/1369052042663904","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"24867507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Association Between Prolonged Fatigue and Cardiovascular Disease in World War II Veteran Twins 二战老兵双胞胎长期疲劳与心血管疾病的关系

Twin research : the official journal of the International Society for Twin Studies Pub Date : 2004-12-01 DOI: 10.1375/twin.7.6.571

A. Fitzpatrick, T. Reed, J. Goldberg, D. Buchwald

{"title":"The Association Between Prolonged Fatigue and Cardiovascular Disease in World War II Veteran Twins","authors":"A. Fitzpatrick, T. Reed, J. Goldberg, D. Buchwald","doi":"10.1375/twin.7.6.571","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1375/twin.7.6.571","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Reports of fatigue preceding cardiac events have recently been confirmed by large prospective studies. To assess for genetic confounding, we investigated prolonged fatigue and cardiovascular disease (CVD) in a cohort of World War II veteran twins. We examined data from a questionnaire mailed to members of the National Academy of Sciences–National Research Council (NAS–NRC) World War II Twins Registry in 1998 and 1999 which included questions on demographics, medical conditions and symptoms of fatigue. Data from twins discordant for prolonged fatigue lasting a month or more were analyzed using conditional logistic regression. Among 1955 twin pairs, 157 monozygotic and 174 dizygotic pairs (mean age 74 years) were discordant for prolonged fatigue. An association was found between prolonged fatigue and a history of myocardial infarction or coronary artery surgery adjusting for age, socioeconomic status, smoking, alcohol use and depression (OR [Odds Ratio]: 2.2; 95% CI: 1.3–4.0). When analyses were performed separately by zygosity, the association was slightly larger for monozygotic (OR: 3.3; 95% CI: 1.2–9.1) than dizygotic twins (OR: 1.9; 95% CI: 0.9–4.0). These data corroborate the association of fatigue with CVD and suggest that it is not influenced by a common genetic factor. Further studies are needed to clarify the relationship and to better understand the biologic mechanisms.","PeriodicalId":75270,"journal":{"name":"Twin research : the official journal of the International Society for Twin Studies","volume":"7 1","pages":"571 - 577"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1375/twin.7.6.571","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66608815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0