Torture : quarterly journal on rehabilitation of torture victims and prevention of torture最新文献

{"title":"\"The Darkness\": Deprivation of sunlight as a form of torture.","authors":"Jane Kilpatrick,&nbsp;Sondra S Crosby,&nbsp;Brock Chisholm","doi":"10.7146/torture.v33i1.133860","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7146/torture.v33i1.133860","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Deprivation of sunlight (DoS) should be considered independently as a method of torture. We review the definition and the spectrum of DoS, and the harms it causes that may rise to the level of torture.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We review relevant international case law, and highlight how the harms of DoS have historically not been fully considered in torture cases, possibly legitimizing its use.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A standardized definition of deprivation of sunlight be developed and in-cluded in the Torturing Environment Scale, we call for an explicit international prohibi-tion of DoS.</p>","PeriodicalId":75230,"journal":{"name":"Torture : quarterly journal on rehabilitation of torture victims and prevention of torture","volume":"33 1","pages":"79-91"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9378839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Medico-legal evaluation of torture victims in the USA before the Istanbul Protocol.","authors":"José Quiroga,&nbsp;Ana Deutsch","doi":"10.7146/torture.v33i2.135388","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7146/torture.v33i2.135388","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Now that the updated version of the Istanbul Protocol has been published, there is an opportunity to reconstruct pieces of history on the long road to having forensic torture assessment tools. This article is an attempt to contribute to that journey through our firstperson personal memories of those experiences, especially in the early years, far before the drafting and approval of the Istanbul Protocol: Amnesty International (AI).</p>","PeriodicalId":75230,"journal":{"name":"Torture : quarterly journal on rehabilitation of torture victims and prevention of torture","volume":"33 2","pages":"151-156"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10374223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Survivor engagement: Experience with an advocacy-based model in Washington, D.C.","authors":"Seini O Connor,&nbsp;Andrea Barron,&nbsp;Léonce Byimana,&nbsp;Jennifer Isley,&nbsp;Sheetal Patel,&nbsp;Yadhu Dhital,&nbsp;Nouf Bazaz","doi":"10.7146/torture.v33i2.135716","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7146/torture.v33i2.135716","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>As an IRCT member organization supporting survivors of torture, the Torture Abolition and Survivor Support Coalition (TASSC) International places survivor engagement at the core of their work, aiming to provide safe and inclusive spaces for survivors to speak out and take meaningful action to prevent torture. This article describes TASSC's model for engaging survivors in advocacy and presents evidence on the personal impacts such engagement can have.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Each year from 2016-2019, TASSC administered a simple survey with questions for survivors to complete after their annual \"Advocacy Day\" in Washington D.C. Quantitative and qualitative data was collected to inform internal service provision and the design of future events.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Across the four years a total of 140 survivors and compatriot human rights advocates participated in the annual Advocacy Day, and a majority completed the surveys. In their survey responses, survivors agreed they had many positive thoughts and feelings after advocacy. Their reported positive experiences included a sense of being listened to and heard by an understanding and responsive audience, the power of feeling part of a group that was speaking out on behalf of themselves and others, and a sense of motivation and hopefulness for the future.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Although undertaken primarily to inform internal processes, TASSC's surveys with survivors who engaged in advocacy shed light on the potential value of well-designed advocacy experiences. Consistent with past research, survivors reported strong motivations around and compelling benefits from participating, despite the challenges that the deeply personal nature of their engagement could present. This feedback suggests TASSC has a strong model that could be replicated elsewhere, but it would be beneficial to further investigate the experiences of survivors engaging in advocacy in other country settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":75230,"journal":{"name":"Torture : quarterly journal on rehabilitation of torture victims and prevention of torture","volume":"33 2","pages":"85-101"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10076963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Voice hearing in refugees survivors of traumatic events.","authors":"Alberto Barbieri, Federica Visco-Comandini, Danilo Alunni Fegatelli, Anna Dessi, Giuseppe Cannella, Antonella Stellacci, Giulia de Lucia, Lucia Maulucci","doi":"10.7146/torture.v33i3.140211","DOIUrl":"10.7146/torture.v33i3.140211","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The term voice hearing (VH) refers to the experience of hearing voices in the absence of corresponding external stimuli and is considered a hallucinatory experience. According to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fifth edition (DSM-5; American Psychiatric Association [APA], 2013), hallucinations are perception-like experiences that occur without an external stimulus. They are vivid and clear, with the full force and impact of normal perceptions, and not under voluntary control. Specifically, auditory hallucinations involve the perception of sound, most frequently of voices (i.e., auditory verbal hallucinations- AVHs) but sometimes of clicks or other noises, that are not restricted to the period of awakening or the onset of sleep. AVHs are usually experienced as voices, whether familiar or unfamiliar, that are perceived as distinct from the individual's own thoughts.</p>","PeriodicalId":75230,"journal":{"name":"Torture : quarterly journal on rehabilitation of torture victims and prevention of torture","volume":"33 3","pages":"80-93"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139708714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enforced disappearances in the context of migration: A brief review of General Comment No.1 of the Committee against Forced Disappearances.","authors":"Karlos Castilla","doi":"10.7146/torture.v33i3.141443","DOIUrl":"10.7146/torture.v33i3.141443","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The reasons that lead a person to initiate a migratory movement are manifold. Therefore, the conditions and the way in which this movement is carried out are also diverse and unequal. Currently, there is not a single country in the world with open borders. This means that each country sets the requirements that a person must meet to enter its territory. This confirms that the \"right to migrate\" is not fully recognised in any legal system2. Because not everyone can meet these requirements or are denied visas, in many cases people are forced to use forms, routes, and modes of transportation that risk their integrity or lives to make a cross-border migration move. But that's not all: thousands of migrants disappear on the way to their destination country or in the destination country itself. In many cases, we do not even know whether they have died or whether something 2 Human rights treaties generally recognise the right to enter and leave one's own country, but not the right to enter another country. Most of what is recognised in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights is that \"everyone has the right to seek and to enjoy in other countries asylum from persecution.\" See: (Castilla Juárez K. , 2024) has happened to them. We simply do not know anything more about these people.</p>","PeriodicalId":75230,"journal":{"name":"Torture : quarterly journal on rehabilitation of torture victims and prevention of torture","volume":"33 3","pages":"109-112"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139708785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Introducing the International Guiding Statement on alternatives to solitary confinement.","authors":"Rachele Stroppa, Dana Moss","doi":"10.7146/torture.v33i3.141379","DOIUrl":"10.7146/torture.v33i3.141379","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Based on the reflections of a multidisciplinary group of experts, Physicians for Human Rights Israel and Antigone worked on the International Guiding Statement on Alternatives to Solitary Confinement, proposing global guidelines for reducing and finally overcoming the use of solitary confinement in prisons.</p>","PeriodicalId":75230,"journal":{"name":"Torture : quarterly journal on rehabilitation of torture victims and prevention of torture","volume":"33 3","pages":"113-119"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139708786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"La version 2022-révisée du Protocole d'Istanbul: kit d'orientation pour les personnes en situation d'urgence","authors":"Pau Pérez-Sales","doi":"10.7146/torture.v32i3.133933","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7146/torture.v32i3.133933","url":null,"abstract":"Le Rédacteur en Chef présente la version révisée du Protocole d'Istanbul","PeriodicalId":75230,"journal":{"name":"Torture : quarterly journal on rehabilitation of torture victims and prevention of torture","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73929740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"El nuevo Protocolo de Estambul: guía de uso y consulta para el trabajador apresurado","authors":"Pau Pérez-Sales","doi":"10.7146/torture.v32i3.133932","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7146/torture.v32i3.133932","url":null,"abstract":"Editorial del Editor, Pau Pérez-Sales, introduce la nueva versión del Protocolo de Istanbul.","PeriodicalId":75230,"journal":{"name":"Torture : quarterly journal on rehabilitation of torture victims and prevention of torture","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76798592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Healing and reintegration of former child soldiers: A relational resilience perspective.","authors":"M. Wessells","doi":"10.7146/torture.v32i1-2.131382","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7146/torture.v32i1-2.131382","url":null,"abstract":"The author advocates for a psychosocial and community perspective in the work with child soldiers, as torture survivors.","PeriodicalId":75230,"journal":{"name":"Torture : quarterly journal on rehabilitation of torture victims and prevention of torture","volume":"1 1","pages":"172-176"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72919906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Control-Focused Behavioral Treatment: A brief intervention for survivors of war and torture.","authors":"M. Basoglu","doi":"10.7146/torture.v32i1-2.131322","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7146/torture.v32i1-2.131322","url":null,"abstract":"This article briefly reviews the evolution and evidence-base of Control-Focused Behav-ioral Treatment (CFBT), largely self-help-based treatment that involves no cognitive interventions, focuses solely on reducing avoidance behaviors through self-exposure to anxiety-evoking trauma cues, and, unlike other interventions, aims to enhance sense of control over traumatic stressors, rather than anxiety reduction. As such, it is radi-cally different from other interventions in both theory and practice. Our studies have shown improvement rates of 80%-85% with a single treatment session in earthquake survivors. When administered in an average of 6 sessions in war and torture survivors, it achieved 82% reduction in posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSD), leaving 97% of the cases nearly asymptomatic or with only mild PTSD symptoms. Meta-analytical compari-sons suggest that such improvement rates are substantially higher than those achieved by other evidence-based treatments.","PeriodicalId":75230,"journal":{"name":"Torture : quarterly journal on rehabilitation of torture victims and prevention of torture","volume":"24 1","pages":"251-263"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86737585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}