African Journal of Paediatric Surgery最新文献

{"title":"Spontaneous Neonatal Pneumoperitoneum: Scalpel can be Avoided - A Case Series.","authors":"Shorya Katiyar, Intezar Ahmed, Bijay Kumar Suman, Mahendra Jangid, Soumya Kashiv, Rohan Saini","doi":"10.67481/ajps.v22i3.1264","DOIUrl":"10.67481/ajps.v22i3.1264","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The pneumoperitoneum is usually a surgical emergency in neonates. It may be idiopathic in some cases like in pre‑term and low‑birth‑weight babies. These cases can be managed conservatively and surgery can be avoided. Prudent selection of cases can prevent surgical exploration of neonates. We present three neonatal cases, in which conservative management for pneumoperitoneum was done.</p>","PeriodicalId":7519,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Paediatric Surgery","volume":"22 3","pages":"158-160"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148954892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patent Urachus with Patent Vitellointestinal Duct: A Rare Simultaneous Occurrence.","authors":"Shreyas Dudhani, Keerthana Bachagala, Bijay Kumar Suman, Rashi Rashi, Amit Kumar Sinha","doi":"10.4103/ajps.ajps_78_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ajps.ajps_78_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A large number of congenital anomalies often involve the umbilicus. This is a report of two such anomalies together in an infant. The child had a mass protruding from the umbilicus since birth. The urachus was noted to be patent on voiding cystourethrogram. On exploration, a patent vitellointestinal duct was also noted. Resection and anastomosis was done for the vitellointestinal duct, and the urachus was excised close to the dome of the bladder. Histopathological examination confirmed a tube lined by intestinal epithelium and the urachal remnant showing a dense fibrous tube‑like structure. The omphalo‑mesenteric vessels are located between the urachus and the patent vitellointestinal duct, and care should be taken while incising or dissecting in this region to prevent bleeding.</p>","PeriodicalId":7519,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Paediatric Surgery","volume":"22 1","pages":"57-59"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148954771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial: From Transition to Transformation: Towards a Stronger and More Sustainable African Journal of Paediatric Surgery.","authors":"Okechukwu Hyginus Ekwunife","doi":"10.67481/ajps.v22i1.1227","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.67481/ajps.v22i1.1227","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The Editorial Board of the African Journal of Paediatric Surgery (AJPS) is delighted to announce the successful completion of the journal's transition to a new publishing platform. This milestone marks an important transformation that provides a stronger foundation for sustainable, timely, and high-quality scholarly publishing. As we commence publication of Volume 22, we are pleased to inform our authors, reviewers, readers, and the wider scientific community that all outstanding issues of the journal will now be published sequentially on our new website until our publication schedule is fully restored. We sincerely apologize for the prolonged delay occasioned by this process. The move to a new publishing platform became necessary following changes in the financial and operational framework of our previous publishing arrangement. Establishing the new platform required extensive technical, administrative, and editorial work to ensure the secure transfer of journal content, preservation of publication records, continuity of indexing, and the development of a more robust and sustainable publishing infrastructure. While these essential processes took longer than anticipated, they were undertaken to safeguard the long-term integrity and future of the journal. We express our heartfelt appreciation to our authors, reviewers, readers, and the paediatric surgical community for their remarkable patience, understanding, and unwavering support throughout this period. Your confidence in AJPS has been invaluable and continues to inspire our commitment to excellence. During this period, we have strengthened our editorial and production workflows to enhance efficiency without compromising scientific rigour. Our Editorial Board remains intact, experienced, and fully committed to delivering a thorough, fair, and timely peer-review process, ensuring that future submissions are handled with the highest standards of editorial quality and publication ethics. AJPS is now firmly positioned for regular, reliable, and sustained publication. We are equally pleased to reassure our contributors that AJPS has retained its indexing in major international bibliographic databases, including MEDLINE, thereby preserving the visibility and impact of the research we publish. We are actively pursuing inclusion in additional reputable indexing and abstracting services to further strengthen the journal's global reach and scientific influence. This is more than the completion of a publishing transition; it is the beginning of a renewed era for AJPS. With a strengthened publishing platform, an experienced Editorial Board, and the continued support of our contributors and readers, we are confident that the journal will continue to grow in quality, relevance, and international standing. On behalf of the Editorial Board, I thank our authors, reviewers, readers, and institutional partners for their patience, trust, and steadfast support. We look forward to this new chapter with confide","PeriodicalId":7519,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Paediatric Surgery","volume":"22 1","pages":"i"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148954793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retrograde Progression of Inner Preputial Skin to Overcome Skin Shortage in Cases of Congenital Buried Penis.","authors":"Chandra Shekhar Singh, Vijayamahantesh S Kunnur, G Shantala, S K Anil Kumar","doi":"10.4103/ajps.ajps_119_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ajps.ajps_119_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>The aim of this study is to report our experience in the treatment of congenital buried penis using a simplified technique of retrograde progression of inner preputial skin for reconstruction and overcome skin shortage.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a retrospective multi‑institutional study conducted in the Department of Pediatric Surgery, I Q City Medical College and Hospital, Durgapur, West Bengal, India, and the Department of Paediatric Surgery, Rajiv Gandhi Super Specialty Hospital/Raichur Institute of Medical Sciences, Raichur, Karnataka, India, over a period of 3 years (from March 2019 to February 2022). A total of 14 cases of primary congenital buried penis were operated in the specified period. Age of the patients ranged between 8 months and 9 years. Retrograde progression of the inner preputial skin to provide coverage to the dorsal aspect of penile shaft and ventral transposition of the dorsal penile skin to cover the ventral penile shaft was used as a standard procedure for skin coverage.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All patients had good‑to‑excellent outcomes with uniformly improved visualisation of penile shaft post‑operatively. There were no significant post‑operative complications apart from mild oedema which subsided over a period of 3 weeks. Genital hygiene had significantly improved in all the patients as a result of uninterrupted urinary stream.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Retrograde progression of the inner preputial skin may be used as an effective technique to provide skin coverage to the penile shaft for reconstruction of congenital buried penis. It provides good functional and cosmetic results with adequate parental and patient satisfaction with minimal complications.</p>","PeriodicalId":7519,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Paediatric Surgery","volume":"22 1","pages":"43-48"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148954788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Flexible Endoscopic Management of Tracheo-oesophageal Magnet Foreign Bodies with Acquired Fistula in a Toddler.","authors":"Mohamed Jallouli, Ehab Nicolas Zoriquat, Terez Boshra Kamel","doi":"10.4103/ajps.ajps_50_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ajps.ajps_50_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Aerodigestive foreign bodies (FBs) aspiration is a common problem in children; however, simultaneous aerodigestive localisation is rare. Ingestion of multiple magnetic FBs can lead to serious complications, especially tracheo-oesophageal fistula and recurrent chest infections. These depend on the duration of foreign-body ingestion/aspiration, prompt intervention and adequate technique for foreign-body retrieval. A 1.8-year-old female child was found to have two magnetic FBs lodged simultaneously in the oesophagus and trachea. The magnetic FBs in the aerodigestive tract in children were removed in the same session using flexible endoscopes.</p>","PeriodicalId":7519,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Paediatric Surgery","volume":"22 1","pages":"53-56"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148954697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Duplicate Urethra in a 14 Year Old Boy.","authors":"Chuka Abunike Ugwunne, Okechukwu Hyginus Ekwunife","doi":"10.4103/ajps.ajps_33_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ajps.ajps_33_23","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7519,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Paediatric Surgery","volume":"22 1","pages":"60-62"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148954790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acute Appendicitis in Children in the Era of Covid-19.","authors":"Muhamed Jassim Fadhle, Ali Farooq Al-Mayoof","doi":"10.4103/ajps.ajps_72_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ajps.ajps_72_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Abdominal pain is a common complaint encountered by paediatric surgeons. This complaint could be related to surgical or non-surgical causes. With coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), the incidence of abdominal pain has increased and mimicked acute appendicitis in paediatric patients.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The objective of this study was to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on paediatric acute appendicitis in terms of demographic data (age and sex), and operative findings, specifically, the complicated appendicitis and negative appendectomy rates.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This retrospective cohort study reviewed the records of children aged 5-15 years, who were diagnosed with acute appendicitis and underwent surgery between January 2018 and December 2021. The patients were divided into pre-pandemic and pandemic groups. Demographic, operative and histopathological findings were compared between the two groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A significant increase in the incidence of acute abdominal pain amongst the admitted children (39.8% vs. 32.7%, P < 0.0001) and a significant decrease in the incidence of acute appendicitis (27% vs. 33%, P < 0.013) were observed in the pandemic group. An associated non-significant increase in the rates of complicated appendicitis (30% vs. 26%, P = 0.299) and negative appendectomy (5.8% vs. 3.8%, P = 0.359) was noted. During the pandemic period, no statistically significant differences were found between polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-positive and PCR-negative patients in complicated appendicitis or negative appendectomy rates (30% vs. 29.7%, P = 0.841, and 6.7% vs. 4.2%, P = 0.424, respectively).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>COVID-19 is associated with an increased incidence of acute abdominal pain in children but a decreased rate of acute appendicitis. The latter tends to present at a younger age than usual. The rates of complicated appendicitis and negative appendectomy increased but were not significantly affected by the pandemic or severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection status.</p>","PeriodicalId":7519,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Paediatric Surgery","volume":"22 1","pages":"11-16"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148954712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of Interstitial Cells of Cajal in Congenital Ureteropelvic Junction Obstruction.","authors":"Sanjib Kumar Meher, Pradeep Kumar Jena, Prasanta Kumar Tripathy, Lity Mohanty, Pramod Kumar Mohanty, Kaumudee Pattnaik","doi":"10.4103/ajps.ajps_68_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ajps.ajps_68_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Although congenital ureteropelvic junction (UPJ) obstruction is the most common cause of neonatal hydronephrosis, aetiopathogenesis is still inconclusive. Recently, the paucity of interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC) at the narrow adynamic part of UPJ has been implicated as a causative factor.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This prospective study was conducted between October 2019 and March 2022 to find out the density of ICC by the immunohistochemical method using CD117 (c-kit) antibody, in resected segments of UPJ in obstruction patients and in renal tumour patients as control. ICC/high power field (hpf) was also studied from the margins of the resected segment in the obstruction group. The pre-operative and post-operative sonographic and renal scintigraphic features were compared.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The median age of patients in the study group (n = 25) was 36 months and in the control group was 39 months. The mean ICC/hpf at the stenotic part of UPJ in the study group was 3.56 ± 1.26 and in the control group was 12.56 ± 1.89 (P = 0.0001). ICC density from the proximal and distal margins of the resected segment was 11.12 ± 2.12 and 11.68 ± 1.62, respectively (P < 0.001). The post-operative antero-posterior diameter of the renal pelvis and differential renal function showed significant improvement in comparison to the pre-operative value (P = 0.0045 and 0.0005, respectively).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The significant decrease in the density of ICC at the stenotic part of UPJ compared to controls suggests a pacemaker role of these cells in ureteral peristalsis and the aetiopathogenesis of UPJ obstruction. Histopathological analysis of ICC should not only be limited to the stenotic part of UPJ but also should focus on the anastomosed ends of the ureter, which reflects post-pyeloplasty outcome.</p>","PeriodicalId":7519,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Paediatric Surgery","volume":"22 1","pages":"6-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148954705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mesenchymal Hamartoma of the Liver Incidentally Discovered in a 4 Year Old Girl: Management and Treatment","authors":"Sameh Tlili, Malak Boughdir, Aida Daib, Youssef Hellal, Ehsen Ben Brahim, Nejib Kaabar, Rabiaa Ben Abdallah","doi":"10.4103/ajps.ajps_95_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ajps.ajps_95_21","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Mesenchymal hamartomas of the liver is considered a benign tumour, although it provides significant challenges in the diagnosis and operative management. Clinical features, laboratory results and radiographic imaging are often non-specific and inconclusive. Thus, it is still difficult to differentiate from malignant lesion without pathological examination. While this tumour is usually diagnosed in the first 2 years of life, few cases in older children have been reported and most of them are case reports. In this article, we want to report our clinical evaluation, results of image diagnosis, surgical procedure and the follow-up simultaneously we discuss the possible differential diagnosis of such a case at this age.","PeriodicalId":7519,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Paediatric Surgery","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135611224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Single-stage Transanal Endorectal Pull-Through for Hirschsprung’s Disease: A Retrospective Study of Surgico-pathological Correlations and Technical Considerations","authors":"Ram Samujh, Nitin James Peters, Palak Singhai, Nandita Kakkar Bharadwaj","doi":"10.4103/ajps.ajps_76_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ajps.ajps_76_22","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background: Transanal endorectal pull-through (TEPT) is a well-established operation for the management of rectosigmoid and short-segment Hirschsprung’s disease (HD). A well-performed contrast enema (CE) is an essential road map for the surgeon when attempting the TEPT. We looked at the surgicopathological–radiological correlations and technical considerations of this procedure and discussed our experience over a decade. TEPT essentially relies on radiological mapping of the disease correlating with intraoperative and pathological findings. Some investigators opine that the radiological correlation of the transition zone (rTZ) with the pathological transition zone (pTZ) is accurate whereas others disagree. We review our experience in managing HD patients with TEPT, in terms of pre-operative workup and operative and pathological considerations. Materials and Methods: A retrospective study was done in a single unit, from January 2010 to January 2020. Forty-seven patients who met the inclusion criteria such as short-segment HD and uncomplicated HD underwent CE before surgery. The patients included in the review underwent a primary TEPT. For each patient, we identified the radiological transition zone (rTZ) on the contrast enema, the gross transition zone (gTZ) on intraoperatively visual examination, the frozen section transition zone (fTZ) on intraoperative analysis of the frozen section specimens (fTZ), and the pathological transition zone (pTZ) on permanent paraffin blocks of the specimens. We determined the strength of correlation of the rTZ, the gTZ and the fTZ with reference to the pTZ. Results: Forty-seven patients underwent single-stage transanal pull-through. There were 40 males. There were 8 neonates, 20 infants and 19 children (>12 months of age). The mean age at diagnosis was 8.7 days (3–20 days) for the neonates, 5.11 months (2–12 months) for the infants and 4.3 years (1.5–9 years) for children. In our study, 85% correlation was noted between the rTZ and the pTZ (tb = 0.362, P = 0.006). There was an excellent correlation between the intraoperative gTZ, fTZ and the pTZ in all patients except one (97.8%, tb = 0.942, P < 0.001). Conclusions: The TEPT is a feasible option to manage carefully selected patients with rectosigmoid HD. The presence of robust support from pathology and a properly carried out CE are essential parameters to be considered before successfully undertaking these operations. The functional outcomes of TEPT are comparable with other procedures for HD with the added advantage of it being a scar-less and a stoma-less approach.","PeriodicalId":7519,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Paediatric Surgery","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135611222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}