The Journal of the Oklahoma State Medical Association最新文献

{"title":"Characterizing the Burden of Tobacco-Associated Cancers in Oklahoma: A Demographic and Geographic Perspective, 2018-2022.","authors":"Janis E Campbell, Ayesha B Sambo, Nubwa St James, Mark P Doescher","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Despite declining national smoking rates, Oklahoma continues to experience high tobacco use, particularly among groups such as American Indian/Alaska Native (AI/AN) and rural populations. Cigarette smoking is a leading cause of cancer, and tobacco-related cancer incidence remains a significant public health concern in Oklahoma.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Articles were selected through a structured literature search and narratively summarized by key study characteristics and results. We then analyzed tobacco-related cancer incidence data from the Oklahoma Central Cancer Registry (1999-2022), focusing on cancers identified by the CDC as tobacco-related. Rates were age-adjusted to the 2000 US standard population. We assessed trends using Joinpoint regression and stratified findings by age, sex, race/ethnicity, rurality, and insurance status.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Between 2018 and 2022, 48,552 tobacco-related cancer cases were reported in Oklahoma, comprising 42% of all cancers. The age-adjusted incidence rate (AAIR) was 278.0 per 100,000. Males (253.5) had higher rates than females (161.3). The highest AAIR was among NH AI/AN individuals (257.5), with 52% of their cancers tobacco-related. Lung, colorectal, and kidney cancers were the most common tobacco-related cancers. Rural areas had higher incidence rates than their urban counterparts. Tobacco-related cancer rates declined over time (APC -0.55%, <i>p</i> < 0.0001), while non-tobacco-related cancer rates slightly increased. A weak positive correlation (r² = 0.29) was found between county-level smoking prevalence in 2010 and cancer incidence a decade later.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Tobacco-related cancers remain prevalent in Oklahoma, especially among males, rural, and AI/AN populations. Although incidence is declining, disparities persist. These findings underscore the ongoing need for targeted tobacco control efforts to address inequities and reduce cancer burden.</p>","PeriodicalId":75127,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of the Oklahoma State Medical Association","volume":"119 2","pages":"48-55"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13361128/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148440380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Burden of Obesity-Related Cancers in Oklahoma: Trends, Demographics, and Spatial Patterns.","authors":"Janis E Campbell, Ayesha B Sambo, Mark P Doescher","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Obesity is a growing public health crisis in the United States, with over 70% of adults classified as overweight or obese. It has been associated with multiple health conditions, including at least 13 types of cancer. Despite this, awareness of the obesity-cancer link remains low, with only 53% of Americans aware of it as of 2019. Understanding the epidemiology of obesity-related cancers is critical, particularly in high-obesity states like Oklahoma.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To assess the incidence and trends of obesity-related cancers in Oklahoma, focusing on demographic, geographic, and socioeconomic disparities.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Articles were selected through a structured literature search and narratively summarized by key study characteristics and results. We used data from the Oklahoma Central Cancer Registry (OCCR) from 1999 to 2022, identifying cases based on CDC-defined obesity-related cancers. Age-adjusted incidence rates (AAIR) were calculated per 100,000 population, using the 2000 U.S. standard population. Temporal trends were assessed using Joinpoint regression. Spatial analysis was conducted using Global and Local Moran's I statistics. Demographic and socioeconomic data were linked using U.S. Census and Rural-Urban Continuum Codes (RUCC).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Between 2018-2022, 44,304 Oklahomans were diagnosed with obesity-related cancers, representing 39% of all cancer cases. Rates were higher in women (AAIR: 243.0) than men (AAIR: 127.0), with notable variation by race, insurance type, rurality, and poverty level. American Indian/Alaska Native populations had the highest incidence. Breast, colorectal, and kidney cancers comprised most cases. Geographic clustering was evident, particularly in southeastern Oklahoma.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Obesity-related cancers constitute a significant proportion of the cancer burden in Oklahoma. Disparities by sex, race, socioeconomic status, and geography underscore the need for targeted prevention and education strategies. Public awareness campaigns and health policy interventions addressing obesity may help reduce cancer incidence in high-risk populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":75127,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of the Oklahoma State Medical Association","volume":"119 1","pages":"7-16"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13361131/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148440442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical question: Can virtual reality be an effective adjunctive to conventional treatment in patients with chronic lower back pain?","authors":"Jee Hun Jang, Jan Miller","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Chronic low back pain is the most prevalent chronic pain condition worldwide, accounting for 15-20% of physician visits and costing billions of dollars. Without adequate treatment, it can lead to substance use disorder and increased risk of suicide. Current treatments include non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), opioids, surgery, and non-pharmacological adjuncts. Evidence suggests cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) as adjunctive therapy can improve patient commitment to treatment but not pain intensity. However, CBT is limited due to availability, location and shortage of trained personnel. Virtual reality (VR) has been growing in interest in providing affordable, digital, home-based, and self-directed CBT to address the psychosocial aspect of pain.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We searched the literature for meta-analysis, randomized control trials (RCT), and systemic reviews using the PubMed database with the terms virtual reality and chronic low back pain.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The review identified 31 studies. Six were chosen that were applicable to our clinical questions, one systematic review, two meta-analysis and three RCTs. The RCTs showed that virtual reality can improve pain in patients with chronic lower back pain as an effective adjunctive to pharmacological and surgical intervention. The systemic review and meta-analysis also concluded that VR is beneficial in pain management however, due to inconsistent results and the multifactorial aspect of chronic pain.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Thus further research is required. The number of randomized trials, evidence on long-term application, and the efficacy of self-directed versus guided VR treatment limit our understanding of this topic.</p>","PeriodicalId":75127,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of the Oklahoma State Medical Association","volume":"117 3","pages":"88-91"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11450799/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142382707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hospital Admission Rates and Mortality Among Emergency Department Patients with COVID-19 Discharged with Remote Patient Monitoring with or without HO₂ME - A Value-Based Approach.","authors":"Stacia Shipman, Tomas Owens, Chelsey Gilbertson, Jeffrey Shipman","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The pandemic caused by the novel Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) overwhelmed healthcare systems with emergency department (ED) and hospital overcrowding. Our hospital system was able to discharge a subset of COVID-19 patients home with remote patient monitoring (RPM) and home oxygen (HO₂ME) if needed, which opened up beds for the more critical patients. The objective of this study was to review the all-cause 30-day mortality and admission rates for patients chosen for our program, and to additionally examine the financial impact.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a retrospective cohort study of ED patients who were included if they tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 RNA on nasopharyngeal swab and received emergency care for COVID-19 at any INTEGRIS facility during 10/27/2020-9/8/2021. For the primary statistical analysis, descriptive statistics were calculated and reported as medians with interquartile ranges. For the purpose of financial analysis, we filtered a subset of insured patients who were sent home with oxygen.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>490 patients were enrolled with a median age of 62 and median body mass index (BMI) of 31. Of the 490 patients, 151 patients (31%) met requirements for home oxygen and were discharged with oxygen. Over a median enrollment time of 15 days, patients discharged from the emergency department on the RPM program were observed to have an all-cause 30-day mortality rate of 3.2% (95% Cl, 1.8%-5.2%). The observed rate of all-cause hospital admission within 30 days was 17%. The financial analysis revealed savings to insurance companies.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study demonstrated that rapidly deploying a RPM program for patients with acute COVID-19 infection allowed our health system to safely care for patients in their homes. The program opened hospital beds for more severe and critically ill COVID-19 patients who necessitated more intense monitoring and inpatient care, while simultaneously observing low 30-day all-cause mortality and hospital admission rates.</p>","PeriodicalId":75127,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of the Oklahoma State Medical Association","volume":"116 5","pages":"167-171"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11391851/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142303020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of Geographical Disparities: The Use of An Interpolation Method For Cancer Registry Data.","authors":"Janis E Campbell, Ami Elizabeth Sedani, Hanh Dung N Dao, Ayesha Sambo, Mark Doescher, Amanda Janitz","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The American Cancer Society estimated 1.9 million diagnosed cancer cases and 608,570 cancer deaths in 2021 in the US; for Oklahoma, they estimated 22,820 cases and 8,610 deaths. This project aimed to demonstrate a method to systematically describe cancer in an accurate and visually attractive, yet simple to make, interpolated map using ZIP Code level registry data, as it is the smallest area unit with high accuracy using inverse distance weighting. We describe a process of creating smoothed maps with an appropriate, well-described, simple, replicable method. These smoothed maps display low (cold) or high (hot) areas of incidence rates of: (a) all cancer combined, (b) colorectal cancer and lung cancer rates by gender, (c) female breast cancer, and (d) prostate cancer, by ZIP Codes for Oklahoma from 2013-2017. The methods we present in this paper provide an effective visualization to pinpoint low (cold) or high (hot) areas of cancer incidence.</p>","PeriodicalId":75127,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of the Oklahoma State Medical Association","volume":"116 2","pages":"62-71"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10321322/pdf/nihms-1904363.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9859827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In patients with osteoarthritis, is curcumin, compared to placebo, effective in reducing pain?","authors":"Morgan Van Ameyde, Jeffrey Hodgden","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Clinical question: </strong>In patients with osteoarthritis, is curcumin, compared to placebo, effective in reducing pain?</p><p><strong>Answer: </strong>Yes. Studies have shown that curcumin extract has benefit in treating osteoarthritic pain, compared to placebo. It is reasonable to use curcumin in addition to traditional osteoarthritis treatments, as studies show it has a low side effect profile. However, a greater number of studies as well as larger studies are needed to definitively recommend curcumin, especially as a replacement for more traditional therapies.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence of the answer: </strong>B.</p>","PeriodicalId":75127,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of the Oklahoma State Medical Association","volume":"115 1","pages":"28-30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9605491/pdf/nihms-1802509.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40653255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Snapshot of Oklahoma's CHR/CHW Workforce: Results from the Region 6 Training Needs Assessment Survey, 2019.","authors":"Kerstin M Reinschmidt, Olawale Dudubo, Charles F Shorter, R D Dickens, Marisa New, Pam Rask, Thomas A Teasdale","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background –: </strong>The Region 6 South Central Public Health Training Center conducts needs assessments to inform the development of online trainings tailored to the HRSA Region 6 health and public health workforce. The purpose of this study was to assess Oklahoma's Community Health Representative (CHR) / Community Health Worker (CHW) workforce characteristics, current trainings, and training needs to guide the development of online trainings.</p><p><strong>Methods –: </strong>This survey-based needs assessment for health and public health workforce training needs asked about alternative job titles, top three health issues addressed, roles played, skills used, current trainings, and training needs. Descriptive statistical analysis provided insights about CHRs/CHWs. The Fisher's exact test was used to compare frequency of responses between CHRs and CHWs, with p-values <0.05 considered significant. We analyzed qualitative data by using a modified content analysis.</p><p><strong>Results –: </strong>Fifty-one self-identified CHRs/CHWs in Oklahoma participated in the 2019 regional health and public health training needs assessment. Most CHRs/CHWs were female and identified as \"frontline public health workers.\" Respondents reported a range of educational attainment and diverse job titles. CHRs worked at tribal health or public health organizations primarily in rural areas. Most CHWs worked in urban areas and were employed by state and local health departments or community-based organizations. CHRs/CHWs had a broad spectrum of roles and skills, with required trainings reflecting various organizational needs. CHRs/CHWs expressed strong interest in receiving additional trainings via multiple delivery formats.</p><p><strong>Discussion and conclusions –: </strong>Oklahoma's CHRs/CHWs would benefit from and utilize workforce development, including trainings on a broad spectrum of roles and skills in multiple delivery formats. Potential employers and funders across the state would benefit from education on CHRs/CHWs as a workforce, team-integration, and sustainable funding.</p>","PeriodicalId":75127,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of the Oklahoma State Medical Association","volume":"114 4","pages":"173-182"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9559894/pdf/nihms-1838246.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33514181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of Geographical Disparities: The Use of An Interpolation Method For Cancer Registry Data.","authors":"Janis E Campbell, Ami E. Sedani, H. Dao, Ayesha B Sambo, M. Doescher, Amanda E. Janitz","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-592167/v1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-592167/v1","url":null,"abstract":"The American Cancer Society estimated 1.9 million diagnosed cancer cases and 608,570 cancer deaths in 2021 in the US; for Oklahoma, they estimated 22,820 cases and 8,610 deaths. This project aimed to demonstrate a method to systematically describe cancer in an accurate and visually attractive, yet simple to make, interpolated map using ZIP Code level registry data, as it is the smallest area unit with high accuracy using inverse distance weighting. We describe a process of creating smoothed maps with an appropriate, well-described, simple, replicable method. These smoothed maps display low (cold) or high (hot) areas of incidence rates of: (a) all cancer combined, (b) colorectal cancer and lung cancer rates by gender, (c) female breast cancer, and (d) prostate cancer, by ZIP Codes for Oklahoma from 2013-2017. The methods we present in this paper provide an effective visualization to pinpoint low (cold) or high (hot) areas of cancer incidence.","PeriodicalId":75127,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of the Oklahoma State Medical Association","volume":"116 2 1","pages":"62-71"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42242519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Are sterile glove precautions necessary for joint injections or is a general aseptic process sufficient? A Clin-IQ.","authors":"Gretchen McGee, Brooke Frantz, Anton Dreier, Philip Palmer","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Multiple studies have been conducted investigating the use of sterile vs non-sterile gloves. The aim of this Clin-IQ is to determine whether there is a clinically significant difference in the rate of infections in relation to the use of sterile vs non-sterile gloves for joint injections.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Multiple studies have shown no appreciable difference in outcomes using sterile vs clean gloves for a variety of clinical applications including joint injections.</p>","PeriodicalId":75127,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of the Oklahoma State Medical Association","volume":"114 3","pages":"118-119"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8629356/pdf/nihms-1724616.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39947449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diabetes among Hispanics in Oklahoma: Assessing Disparities to Guide Basic and Applied Research.","authors":"Kerstin M Reinschmidt, Alicia L Salvatore, Li Ji, Karla J Finnell, Angel E Giron Lopez, Eric R Bump, Timothy J Philip, Julie A Stoner","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background –: </strong>Diabetes, a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the United States, disproportionally affects minority populations. In 2015, Hispanics, the largest minority in the country, had the third highest rate of diabetes prevalence and the third highest age-adjusted rate of diabetes-related mortality. Substantial progress in understanding diabetes disparities nationally and in many areas of the country has been made. However, little is known about diabetes and related mortality among Hispanics in Oklahoma, which is known as a Hispanic \"new Settlement\" state due to the relatively recent and substantial growth of this population.</p><p><strong>Methods –: </strong>We used Oklahoma Behavioral and Risk Factor Surveillance Survey data (2011-2016) to calculate population estimates of diabetes prevalence and selected sociodemographic characteristics for Hispanic and Non-Hispanic adults in the state. We used Oklahoma Death Registry data to estimate diabetes-related mortality rates for Hispanic and Non-Hispanic adults for the same five-year period. We examined differences in diabetes prevalence and diabetes-related mortality across selected sociodemographic characteristics.</p><p><strong>Results –: </strong>Hispanics are the largest minority group in Oklahoma. Spanish is the most common non-English language spoken in the state. Hispanics are younger, poorer, less educated and experience less access to health care compared to other populations in Oklahoma. While Hispanics had the fifth highest reported diabetes prevalence rate during the five-year period examined, they had the third highest diabetes-related mortality rate in the state.</p><p><strong>Discussion and conclusions –: </strong>There is a need for community engagement and basic and applied research to help identify and reduce diabetes disparities in the growing Hispanic population in Oklahoma.</p>","PeriodicalId":75127,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of the Oklahoma State Medical Association","volume":"113 4","pages":"160-166"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9534285/pdf/nihms-1838244.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33493264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}