The Journal of community and supportive oncology最新文献

{"title":"Cold hemolytic anemia: a rare complication of influenza A","authors":"M. Ahn","doi":"10.12788/jcso.0346","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12788/jcso.0346","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":75058,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of community and supportive oncology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48790985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PD-L1-targeting drug atezolizumab nabs approval for non-small cell lung cancer","authors":"J. Abraham","doi":"10.12788/JCSO.0358","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12788/JCSO.0358","url":null,"abstract":"The approval last fall by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) of the immune checkpoint inhibitor atezolizumab for the treatment of metastatic non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) marked the second approved indication for the drug in a single year. Atezolizumab, which targets the programmed cell death protein-ligand 1 (PD-L1), has a unique mechanism of action compared with other approved immune checkpoint inhibitors and had been previously approved for the treatment of patients with advanced urothelial carcinoma. The current approval was based on 2 international, randomized, open-label trials, involving more than 1,000 patients, in which atezolizumab outperformed the chemotherapeutic drug docetaxel. The POPLAR trial1 was a phase 2 study performed at 61 academic centers and community oncology practices across 13 countries in Europe and North America and enrolled 287 patients, while the phase 3 OAK trial2 was carried out at 193 centers in 31 countries and enrolled 850 patients. Eligibility criteria for the 2 studies were similar; patients were 18 years or older, with an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status of 0 or 1, had measurable disease as per Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST, version 1.1), and adequate hematologic and endorgan function. Patients with asymptomatic or treated central nervous system (CNS) metastases were also eligible. Patients were excluded from both studies if they had a history of autoimmune disease, pneumonitis or chronic viral diseases, or had received previous treatment with docetaxel, CD137 agonists, anti-CTLA4, anti-PD-L1 or anti-PD-1 therapeutics. Patients were randomized 1:1 to receive atezolizumab, administered intravenously at a fixed dose of 1,200 mg, or a 75 mg/m2 dose of docetaxel, every 3 weeks on day 1 of each 3-week cycle. Randomization was stratified according to PD-L1 expression, number of previous chemotherapy regimens, and histology (squamous vs nonsquamous). Tumors were assessed at baseline and every 6 weeks for 36 weeks, and every 9 weeks thereafter until progression or, in patients who continued beyond progression, until discontinuation. PD-L1 expression was assessed prospectively on tumor cells and tumor-infiltrating immune cells, using the FDA-approved companion diagnostic, Ventana SP142 PD-L1 immunohistochemistry assay. The primary endpoint in both studies was overall survival (OS), which was significantly improved in the atezolizumab treatment arm. In the POPLAR trial, over a minimum follow-up of 13 months, the median OS was 12.6 months in atezolizumab-treated patients, compared with 9.7 months in docetaxel-treated patients (hazard ratio [HR], 0.73; P = .04) and in the OAK trial, over a median follow-up of 21 months, the median OS was 15.7 months and 10.3 months, respectively. The main difference between the 2 trials was that the OS benefit in the POPLAR trial reached statistical significance only in patients with the highest levels of PD-L1 expression, wh","PeriodicalId":75058,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of community and supportive oncology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44212458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intramedullary spinal cord and leptomeningeal metastases presenting as cauda equina syndrome in a patient with melanoma","authors":"S. Lindauer","doi":"10.12788/JCSO.0293","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12788/JCSO.0293","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":75058,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of community and supportive oncology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45194317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Making a difference in cancer care","authors":"S. London","doi":"10.12788/jcso.0363","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12788/jcso.0363","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":75058,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of community and supportive oncology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43308216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ribociclib: another CDK inhibitor hits the mark in breast cancer","authors":"J. D. Lartigue","doi":"10.12788/JCSO.0361","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12788/JCSO.0361","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":75058,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of community and supportive oncology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44063098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Management of polycythemia vera in the community oncology setting","authors":"M. Grunwald","doi":"10.12788/JCSO.0349","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12788/JCSO.0349","url":null,"abstract":"Polycythemia vera, classified as a myeloproliferative neoplasm (MPN) and characterized by uncontrolled, clonal, myeloid expansion with predominant erythrocytosis,1 affects about 100,000 individuals in the United States.2 It is a chronic and burdensome disease associated with shortened survival.3 Patients are at an increased risk of cardiovascular events, solid tumors, and transformation to myelofibrosis (MF) and/or acute myeloid leukemia (AML).4,5 Furthermore, patients generally have a reduced quality of life (QoL) stemming from prevalent and occasionally severe polycythemia vera–related signs and symptoms, including fatigue, pruritus, and splenomegaly.6 In general, the classical Philadelphia chromosome-negative MPNs are associated with driver mutations in the following three genes: Janus kinase 2 (JAK2), calreticulin (CALR), and myeloproliferative leukemia virus oncogene (MPL).7 Almost all patients with polycythemia vera have an activating mutation in the cytoplasmic signal transduction protein JAK2.4 Patients with essential thrombocythemia (ET) or MF can have mutations in JAK2, CALR, or MPL. However, CALR and MPL mutations are absent or exceedingly rare in patients with polycythemia vera.7 Diagnosis can be challenging and is currently based on 2016 World Health Organization (WHO) diagnostic criteria.1 Management strategies include the use of aspirin, phlebotomy, and cytoreductive therapy. Ruxolitinib is a newer treatment option available for patients with polycythemia vera who are either resistant to or intolerant of hydroxyurea8,9— a population that previously had few treatment options. It is important for community oncologists and other treating clinicians to understand current diagnostic strategy and management options based on established guidelines, recent clinical evidence, and regulatory updates.","PeriodicalId":75058,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of community and supportive oncology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44931281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immunotherapies shape the treatment landscape for hematologic malignancies","authors":"J. D. Lartigue","doi":"10.12788/JCSO.0357","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12788/JCSO.0357","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":75058,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of community and supportive oncology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43562636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Management of high-grade pleomorphic sarcoma with colon metastasis","authors":"C. O’Neill","doi":"10.12788/JCSO.0283","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12788/JCSO.0283","url":null,"abstract":"Soft tissue sarcomas (STS) are a heterogeneous group of tumors of mesenchymal origin that represent a rare form of adult malignancy. According to the World Health Organization classification system, there are more than 100 histologic subtypes of sarcoma based on tissue of origin. Staging criteria most commonly use the American Joint Committee on Cancer’s TNM Classification of Malignant Tumours. About 50% of soft tissue sarcomas originate in the lower extremity.1 Advancements in the use of multimodal therapy have reduced the need for amputation and allowed for equally effective treatment strategies that use limb-sparing surgical resections. Although most sarcoma metastases spread in a hematogenous fashion, nodal spread is underestimated. Certain histologic subtypes carry a higher predilection for nodal involvement: these include rhabdomyosarcoma, synovial sarcoma, epithelioid sarcoma, vascular sarcoma, and clear-cell sarcoma.2-4 Fong and colleagues have reported that 2.6% of sarcomas have lymphatic spread.3 In the current report, we describe a rare observation of locoregional pelvic nodal metastases from a large undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma of the right thigh.","PeriodicalId":75058,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of community and supportive oncology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46756766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Onodera’s Prognostic Nutritional Index in soft tissue sarcoma patients as a predictor of wound complications","authors":"T. W. Kim","doi":"10.12788/JCSO.0353","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12788/JCSO.0353","url":null,"abstract":"Wound complications after preor postoperative radiation for soft tissue sarcomas are well established.1 The ability to predict who will have a wound complication remains difficult. Some studies have looked at risk factors such as smoking, and the preoperative nutritional status of patients has been identified as a risk factor for wound complication in patients with elective orthopedic surgical procedures.2 One validated method of measuring preoperative nutritional status in patients with gastrointestinal malignant tumors has been with Onodera’s Prognostic Nutritional Index (OPNI). It uses the patient’s preoperative albumin (g/dL) and absolute lymphocyte values (per mm3). The prognostic value of the OPNI has been demonstrated in patients with colorectal, esophageal, and gastric cancers, and has been shown to be prognostic for postoperative wound healing and overall prognosis.3-5 In this study, we investigate the significance of preoperative nutritional status, measured by OPNI, as a predictor of wound complications in patients treated with preor postoperative radiation for soft tissue sarcoma.","PeriodicalId":75058,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of community and supportive oncology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49344575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing a multidisciplinary survivorship program in a group of predominantly Hispanic women with breast cancer","authors":"Z. Nahleh","doi":"10.12788/JCSO.0322","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12788/JCSO.0322","url":null,"abstract":"Breast cancer survivors comprise the most prevalent cancer survivor population in the United States.1 The number of breast cancer survivors is increasing because of early detection and diagnosis, and advances in treatment have resulted in increased life expectancy. Therefore, greater attention is needed to improve the long-term quality of life of these survivors and to help them re-adjust to normal life. For many women, although the medical treatment may have been completed, the recovery process may have not.2 The prevalence of long-term mental and physical illness is significant among many breast cancer survivors. Long-term mental consequences may include memory problems, anxiety, depression, and fear of recurrence3, and long-term physical consequences may include pain, fatigue, and lymphedema, among others.4 El Paso, Texas, is the fourth most populous city in Texas and has a Hispanic majority. This provides an opportunity to conduct clinical research targeting participants of Hispanic descent. Several studies have noted the influence of race/ethnicity on the psychosocial function of breast cancer survivors.5,6 We have previously reported that Hispanic","PeriodicalId":75058,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of community and supportive oncology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47582609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}