The journal of climate change and health最新文献

{"title":"“No matter how hot it is, you just have to do the work”: Examining farmworkers’ experiences with heat and climate change in Idaho","authors":"Carly Hyland ,&nbsp;Delmy Flores ,&nbsp;Grace Augusto ,&nbsp;Irene Ruiz ,&nbsp;Marielena Vega ,&nbsp;Rulon Wood","doi":"10.1016/j.joclim.2024.100300","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joclim.2024.100300","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Farmworkers are one of the populations most vulnerable to climate change. In addition to disproportionate exposure to climate-intensified hazards such as extreme heat and wildfire smoke, many farmworkers face situational and psychosocial stressors that also impact their health.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We conducted open-ended interviews with 16 farmworkers in Southcentral Idaho during June-August 2023 as part of a digital storytelling project in partnership with the Idaho Organization of Resource Councils (IORC). Interviews assessed participants’ experiences with climate change, perceived impacts on their health, and strategies and barriers to protecting themselves. Bilingual (English/Spanish) study staff translated and transcribed all video recordings verbatim, and we abstracted representative quotes from interviews.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Participants primarily discussed the health impacts of heat, recounting personal experiences and stories of other farmworkers feeling dizzy, wanting to vomit, or passing out from occupational heat stress. Despite these experiences, they reported feeling like they needed to keep working regardless of the conditions in order to get paid and support their family. Experiences with climate change were underscored by participants’ discussions of co-exposure to situational and psychosocial stressors such as lack of access to healthcare, poor housing without air conditioning, and racism, discrimination, and fear of family separation.</p></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><p>This project highlights farmworkers’ first-hand experiences regarding climate change and underscores the interconnected impacts of occupational, environmental, and psychosocial stressors on their health and wellbeing. These findings emphasize the importance of shifting the burden of climate resiliency from individual farmworkers to systemic workplace, residential, and community interventions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":75054,"journal":{"name":"The journal of climate change and health","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 100300"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667278224000038/pdfft?md5=fb14f8b55a49ceaba5280440d37c7b1c&pid=1-s2.0-S2667278224000038-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139633949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hypotheses on environmental impacts of AI use in healthcare","authors":"Tanja Bratan,&nbsp;Nils B. Heyen,&nbsp;Bärbel Hüsing,&nbsp;Frank Marscheider-Weidemann,&nbsp;Jana Thomann","doi":"10.1016/j.joclim.2024.100299","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joclim.2024.100299","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":75054,"journal":{"name":"The journal of climate change and health","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 100299"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667278224000026/pdfft?md5=1c24bc47c7babc690107371f1c1d1c75&pid=1-s2.0-S2667278224000026-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139393637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The embodied carbon of paracetamol and the consumables associated with different routes of administration in pediatrics","authors":"Nicola Wilson ,&nbsp;Caroline Dalton","doi":"10.1016/j.joclim.2024.100298","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joclim.2024.100298","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>The aim of this study was to estimate the embodied carbon of different formulations of paracetamol, its packaging and the consumables used in administration within pediatrics.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A set dose of 750 mg was chosen to represent complex dosing seen in pediatrics and then two separate approaches to measuring the embodied carbon were taken. A top-down environmentally extended input-output analysis for the drug and a bottom-up approach using the emissions factors for the primary material was used for the packaging and consumables.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>All oral methods of administration have the lowest embodied carbon when accounting for the drugs, consumables, and packaging.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>This study demonstrates how working across disciplines we can look for ways in which we can minimize the carbon cost of care. This study finds that when accounting for patient safety, acceptability within pediatrics and the embodied carbon, all non-IV methods are preferable.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":75054,"journal":{"name":"The journal of climate change and health","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 100298"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667278224000014/pdfft?md5=d8987a505f9bdbbaab39e2395c8780a0&pid=1-s2.0-S2667278224000014-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139395633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A scoping review of current climate change and vector-borne disease literacy and implications for public health interventions","authors":"Meghan Matlack ,&nbsp;Hannah Covert ,&nbsp;Arti Shankar ,&nbsp;Wilco Zijlmans ,&nbsp;Firoz Abdoel Wahid ,&nbsp;Ashna Hindori-Mohangoo ,&nbsp;Maureen Lichtveld","doi":"10.1016/j.joclim.2023.100295","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joclim.2023.100295","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Climate literacy assesses general understanding of climate, climate change, and its effects on the environment as well as human health. Despite vast scientific evidence to support climate change and its associated consequences, particularly with regards to vector-borne diseases, climate change knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors among the general population is relatively poor. In this study, we conducted a thorough review of the current literature to evaluate the scope of global climate and health literacy studies and identify key areas for improvement. We found that very few climate and health literacy studies were based in low- and middle-income countries, and those that were did not make mention of significant regional climate change impacts and specifically those that increase mosquito-borne disease transmission in high-risk areas. We also noted that of the twenty-three studies included in our final review, most focused their assessments on general climate and climate change knowledge, and not on literacy of the relationships between climate change and environmental impacts or subsequent health outcomes. Our findings make it clear that moving forward, there is a major need for climate and health literacy research to expand upon existing climate literature to include additional assessments of the relationships between certain climate change impacts and infectious diseases in particular, as well as to make available a more comprehensive overview of climate and health information to the public in the future.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":75054,"journal":{"name":"The journal of climate change and health","volume":"15 ","pages":"Article 100295"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667278223000949/pdfft?md5=c38606a1ec635820459ed52484f1b174&pid=1-s2.0-S2667278223000949-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138993122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impacts of climate change on ocular health: A scoping review","authors":"Yee Ling Wong ,&nbsp;Shiao Wei Wong ,&nbsp;Darren S.J. Ting ,&nbsp;Alankrita Muralidhar ,&nbsp;Sagnik Sen ,&nbsp;Olivia Schaff ,&nbsp;Hannah Istre-Wilz ,&nbsp;Barbara Erny","doi":"10.1016/j.joclim.2023.100296","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joclim.2023.100296","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Climate change represents a significant global health crisis, characterized by a complex interplay of environmental shifts and interconnected phenomena. These alterations have given rise to a multitude of health implications, notably impacting ocular health. Our comprehensive review delineates a spectrum of eye conditions associated with climate change-related variables. Extremes in temperature and weather events have been observed to affect the ocular surface, resulting in an increased incidence of conjunctivitis, keratitis, dry eye disease, and pterygium. Furthermore, climate change is linked to a rising occurrence of cataracts, glaucoma, periocular tumors, and infections. Prolonged food insecurity, stemming from droughts, has been associated with nutritional optic neuropathies and consequent vision loss. Elevated temperatures have also been correlated with a heightened risk of retinal detachments necessitating urgent surgical intervention to enhance prognostic outcomes.</p><p>This review also outlines the influence of climate-warming pollutants on a diverse array of eye conditions, manifesting as ocular surface infections, degenerative changes like pterygium, cataracts, refractive errors (myopia), blepharitis, meibomian gland infections, glaucoma, and vascular retinal occlusions.</p><p>Mitigating the effects of climate change is an urgent global imperative necessitating collaborative efforts, encompassing research and education, to devise sustainable solutions that safeguard human health and well-being. This review seeks to delineate the current extent of available research, identify gaps in the existing literature, and chart the course for future studies in this intriguing association.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":75054,"journal":{"name":"The journal of climate change and health","volume":"15 ","pages":"Article 100296"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667278223000950/pdfft?md5=cde3504b487465e5c8770dd92e042a09&pid=1-s2.0-S2667278223000950-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139193625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Complex adaptive systems-based framework for modeling the health impacts of climate change","authors":"Byomkesh Talukder ,&nbsp;Jochen E. Schubert ,&nbsp;Mohammadali Tofighi ,&nbsp;Patrick J. Likongwe ,&nbsp;Eunice Y. Choi ,&nbsp;Gibson Y. Mphepo ,&nbsp;Ali Asgary ,&nbsp;Martin J. Bunch ,&nbsp;Sosten S. Chiotha ,&nbsp;Richard Matthew ,&nbsp;Brett F. Sanders ,&nbsp;Keith W. Hipel ,&nbsp;Gary W. vanLoon ,&nbsp;James Orbinski","doi":"10.1016/j.joclim.2023.100292","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joclim.2023.100292","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Climate change is a global phenomenon with far-reaching consequences, and its impact on human health is a growing concern. The intricate interplay of various factors makes it challenging to accurately predict and understand the implications of climate change on human well-being. Conventional methodologies have limitations in comprehensively addressing the complexity and nonlinearity inherent in the relationships between climate change and health outcomes.</p></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>The primary objective of this paper is to develop a robust theoretical framework that can effectively analyze and interpret the intricate web of variables influencing the human health impacts of climate change. By doing so, we aim to overcome the limitations of conventional approaches and provide a more nuanced understanding of the complex relationships involved. Furthermore, we seek to explore practical applications of this theoretical framework to enhance our ability to predict, mitigate, and adapt to the diverse health challenges posed by a changing climate.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Addressing the challenges outlined in the objectives, this study introduces the Complex Adaptive Systems (CAS) framework, acknowledging its significance in capturing the nuanced dynamics of health effects linked to climate change. The research utilizes a blend of field observations, expert interviews, key informant interviews, and an extensive literature review to shape the development of the CAS framework.</p></div><div><h3>Results and discussion</h3><p>The proposed CAS framework categorizes findings into six key sub-systems: ecological services, extreme weather, infectious diseases, food security, disaster risk management, and clinical public health. The study employs agent-based modeling, using causal loop diagrams (CLDs) tailored for each CAS sub-system. A set of identified variables is incorporated into predictive modeling to enhance the understanding of health outcomes within the CAS framework. Through a combination of theoretical development and practical application, this paper aspires to contribute valuable insights to the interdisciplinary field of climate change and health. Integrating agent-based modeling and CLDs enhances the predictive capabilities required for effective health outcome analysis in the context of climate change.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>This paper serves as a valuable resource for policymakers, researchers, and public health professionals by employing a CAS framework to understand and assess the complex network of health impacts associated with climate change. It offers insights into effective strategies for safeguarding human health amidst current and future climate challenges.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":75054,"journal":{"name":"The journal of climate change and health","volume":"15 ","pages":"Article 100292"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667278223000913/pdfft?md5=f4aba55413bc860ade13f463e518f188&pid=1-s2.0-S2667278223000913-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138612468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Carbon footprints by stage of chronic kidney disease: The case of Japan","authors":"Kei Nagai ,&nbsp;Sho Hata ,&nbsp;Norihiro Itsubo ,&nbsp;Kunitoshi Iseki ,&nbsp;Kunihiro Yamagata ,&nbsp;Keisuke Nansai","doi":"10.1016/j.joclim.2023.100294","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joclim.2023.100294","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>The nexus between carbon footprints and chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression have not been clarified, so it has not been possible to examine the prevention of disease severity as a potential countermeasure for decarbonization.</p></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><p>The study included 70,627 subjects aged 40–74 years and diagnosed with CKD stage by specific health checkups in 2014–2015. Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in Japan were formulated with the 2015 environmental input–output model. The carbon footprints by CKD stage were calculated with annual treatment cost according to renal function indicators, namely estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and proteinuria.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The annual carbon footprint per patient with induction of dialysis due to CKD was estimated to be 3.9 tCO₂e, in contrast to 0.31 tCO₂e in subjects without dialysis. Highlighting the relationship between the carbon footprint and the slope of eGFR as the CKD stage advances, the carbon footprint of care for patients with a stable eGFR in CKD stage G2 or better was 300 kgCO₂e in males and 280 kgCO₂e in females. Yet, in CKD stages G3a and G3b or worse, the carbon footprint for a rapid decrease in eGFR (30 % or greater per year) was 620 kgCO₂e and 1440 kgCO₂e in males and 430 kgCO₂e and 1270 kgCO₂e in females, respectively.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Effective interventional treatments to prevent disease severity in CKD contribute to both the health of the patient and the mitigation of GHG emissions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":75054,"journal":{"name":"The journal of climate change and health","volume":"15 ","pages":"Article 100294"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667278223000937/pdfft?md5=929004716b6e7884aa6113e4b480ec0b&pid=1-s2.0-S2667278223000937-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139013417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the Public Climate School, a multi-component school-based program to promote climate awareness and action in students: A cluster-controlled pilot study","authors":"Jan Keller ,&nbsp;Michael Eichinger ,&nbsp;Myriam Bechtoldt ,&nbsp;Shuyan Liu ,&nbsp;Michael Neuber ,&nbsp;Felix Peter ,&nbsp;Carina Pohle ,&nbsp;Gerhard Reese ,&nbsp;Fabian Schäfer ,&nbsp;Stephan Heinzel","doi":"10.1016/j.joclim.2023.100286","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joclim.2023.100286","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Despite the potential of school-based programs targeting climate awareness and action to support students in addressing the climate crisis and to improve their mental health and well-being, there is limited evidence for their effectiveness. In preparation for a cluster-randomized controlled trial, we assessed the feasibility of evaluating the Public Climate School (PCS), a one-week school program in Germany, and its effects on theory-based behavioral and psychological outcomes.</p></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><p>We enrolled 158 students from 11 classes (grades 7–13) into a cluster-controlled pilot study. Four classes were allocated to the waitlist control group and 7 to the intervention group participating in the PCS in November 2021. Using online surveys, we assessed theory-based behavioral and psychological outcomes at baseline and follow-up. Two-level models were used to investigate changes in outcomes.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>125 students completed the baseline and follow-up survey (dropout rate: 21 %). For most outcomes we observed no between-group differences, except for pro-environmental communication and engagement (e.g., posting on social media; <em>p</em>=.040) and perceptions of environmental norms (<em>p</em>=.001) in the anticipated direction.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>This study confirmed the feasibility of evaluating the PCS and provides parameter estimates to guide sample size calculations and study design decisions for future research. Together with recent work on the association between collective action and mental health, the effect of the PCS on pro-environmental communication and engagement highlights the value of examining effects of education for sustainable development programs on student health and linking them to collective action in future work.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":75054,"journal":{"name":"The journal of climate change and health","volume":"15 ","pages":"Article 100286"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667278223000858/pdfft?md5=b0a01b42c7ebe9ebd375787504c2ae62&pid=1-s2.0-S2667278223000858-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139293509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Shifting gears to green: A pilot study on decarbonizing patient transport","authors":"Kali A. Smolen ,&nbsp;Johnny Luu ,&nbsp;Steve E. Braunstein ,&nbsp;Nicolas D. Prionas ,&nbsp;Osama Mohamad ,&nbsp;Stefano Leitner ,&nbsp;Katie Lichter","doi":"10.1016/j.joclim.2023.100297","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joclim.2023.100297","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":75054,"journal":{"name":"The journal of climate change and health","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 100297"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667278223000962/pdfft?md5=3b54feb6936f17c49535c893885a8147&pid=1-s2.0-S2667278223000962-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139196134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role model stories can increase health professionals’ interest and perceived responsibility to engage in climate and sustainability actions","authors":"J. Kotcher ,&nbsp;N. Badullovich ,&nbsp;M. Ahmed ,&nbsp;D. De Alwis ,&nbsp;E.W. Maibach","doi":"10.1016/j.joclim.2023.100291","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joclim.2023.100291","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Climate change is one of the most significant threats to human and planetary health. As trusted sources, health professionals have a unique opportunity to help protect society from the impacts of climate change by educating key publics including policymakers about solutions to climate change, as well as reducing their sector's contribution to climate change by promoting sustainable practices in the workplace. Developing methods to activate health professionals as climate educators and advocates is an important step in activating this opportunity. Drawing on the practice of behavioral journalism, this study tests the effectiveness of role model stories at increasing attitudinal and behavioral engagement of health professionals with sustainability.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Participants in this study (<em>n</em> = 39) were employees of a network of U.S. hospitals and urgent care centers that were subscribed to a sustainability e-newsletter published by the healthcare system. Participants were randomly assigned to a control group that only received the regular newsletter, or a treatment group that received an additional series of emails featuring stories about sustainability role models in their healthcare system.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>We found that receiving the role model stories increased participant's belief that health professionals have a responsibility to support sustainability efforts and their willingness to receive more information about joining a climate and health advocacy organization, although there were no between-group differences on other dependent variables.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>This study although limited by a small sample size provides evidence that role model stories can play a role in activating healthcare professionals to participate in sustainability initiatives and advocate for climate and health solutions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":75054,"journal":{"name":"The journal of climate change and health","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 100291"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667278223000901/pdfft?md5=7113fe421606c0ee0eda075ac0ad8909&pid=1-s2.0-S2667278223000901-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138621218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}