The journal of climate change and health最新文献

{"title":"Discussing linkages between climate change, human mobility and health in the Caribbean: The case of Dominica. A qualitative study","authors":"Patrick Cloos ,&nbsp;Maeva Belloiseau ,&nbsp;Nickez Mc Pherson ,&nbsp;Fiona Harris-Glenville ,&nbsp;Debra D. Joseph ,&nbsp;Kate Zinszer","doi":"10.1016/j.joclim.2023.100237","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joclim.2023.100237","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>The Caribbean region is repeatedly exposed to extreme climate-related events, such as hurricanes and tropical storms, which are expected to increase in severity with climate change. This study aims to better understand how extreme climate events affect human mobility, social circumstances, and health-related issues in the Eastern Caribbean, focusing more specifically on Dominica, a Small Island Developing State (SIDS).</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Semi-structured qualitative interviews were conducted with people who were internally displaced following an extreme climate event in Dominica, and with people who migrated from Dominica to Guadeloupe.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Mental health was a central issue discussed by participants. Some respondents raised issues regarding loss of livelihoods and poverty that affected their living conditions. For those who decided to migrate to Guadeloupe, the difficulties of getting migrant authorized status were very stressful. Other themes related to displacement trajectory, income, occupation, housing, access to food and water, health and psychosocial services, and the role of local and international assistance and social support and ties – that are well known social determinants of mental health, were raised by participants.</p></div><div><h3>Discussion and conclusion</h3><p>Mental health and related determinants should be seen as a public health priority in Caribbean SIDS. Psycho-social interventions that focus on potential sources of vulnerabilities to mental health issues should be integrated in climate preparedness and response efforts. Otherwise, pre-existing social vulnerabilities may be aggravated, limiting the adaptation capacities of Caribbean SIDS to climate change. Public health and the health care system have a role to play in climate change adaptation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":75054,"journal":{"name":"The journal of climate change and health","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100237"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49500252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"After the heat wave","authors":"Ellen Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.joclim.2023.100234","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joclim.2023.100234","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":75054,"journal":{"name":"The journal of climate change and health","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100234"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48598125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatial proximity to wildfires as a proxy for measuring PM2.5: A novel method for estimating exposures in rural settings","authors":"M. Luke Smith ,&nbsp;Guangqing Chi","doi":"10.1016/j.joclim.2023.100219","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joclim.2023.100219","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>: Climate change impacts humans and society both directly and indirectly. Alaska, for example, is warming twice as fast as the global mean, and researchers are starting to grapple with the varied and interconnected ways in which climate change affects the people there. With the number of wildfires increasing in Alaska as a result of climate change, the number of asthma cases has increased, driven by exposure to small particulate matter. However, it is not clear how far away smoke from wildfires can affect health. In this study, we hope to establish a relationship between proximity to wildfires and asthma in locations where direct PM_2.5 measurement is not easily accomplished.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>: In this study, we examined whether proximity to wildfire exposure is associated with regional counts of adults with asthma, calculated using Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) survey data and US Census data. We assigned \"hotspots\" around population centers with a range of various distances to wildfires in Alaska.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>: We found that wildfires are associated with asthma prevalence, and the association is strongest within 25 miles of fires.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>: This study highlights the fact that proximity to wildfires has potential as a simple proxy for actual measured wildfire smoke, which has important implications for wildfire management agencies and for policy makers who must address health issues associated with wildfires, especially in rural areas.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":75054,"journal":{"name":"The journal of climate change and health","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100219"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43574198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Boundaries as Spaces of Knowledge Integration: Learning from transdisciplinary collaboration on planetary health in Indonesia","authors":"Jane Wardani ,&nbsp;Joannette J. (Annette) Bos ,&nbsp;Diego Ramirez-Lovering ,&nbsp;Anthony G. Capon","doi":"10.1016/j.joclim.2023.100242","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joclim.2023.100242","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Deepening global inequalities in the health impacts of climate change highlight the need for transformative solutions through international and transdisciplinary collaborations. While the emerging field of planetary health provides a unique lens for recognizing interlinkages across a broader range of knowledge systems, a deeper understanding is needed about the processes through which such knowledge systems can be developed and integrated. Existing transdisciplinarity scholarship offers useful concepts of integration across boundaries; however, such understanding predominantly reflects the perspectives of Global North academic stakeholders, conceivably due to systemic power imbalance as an enduring colonial legacy. This study aims to identify opportunities for learning from the experiences of Global South stakeholders in transdisciplinary collaboration.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We empirically explore the process of transdisciplinary collaboration in a case study of a large-scale planetary health research project. Through multi-method thematic analysis, this study seeks to understand Global South stakeholders’ contributions, motivations, and interactions on transdisciplinary collaboration, through their experiences in the case study context.</p></div><div><h3>Results &amp; Discussion</h3><p>The study found that Global South stakeholders contributed a plethora of disciplinary and non-disciplinary knowledge and other resources, guided by strong cultural inclinations for collaboration. The opening up of boundary spaces was key to multi-directional knowledge integration. Analysis revealed concepts of interdependence and complementarity towards a common vision, and provides insight into stakeholders’ motivations for initial and continuing engagement.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Recognizing interdependence provides strong motivation for transdisciplinary collaboration and can help revalorize contributions from historically disadvantaged knowledge systems and stakeholders.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":75054,"journal":{"name":"The journal of climate change and health","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100242"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43016554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Climate change and primary health care in Africa: A scoping review","authors":"C.L. Lokotola ,&nbsp;R. Mash ,&nbsp;K. Naidoo ,&nbsp;V. Mubangizi ,&nbsp;N. Mofolo ,&nbsp;P.N. Schwerdtle","doi":"10.1016/j.joclim.2023.100229","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joclim.2023.100229","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Climate change is one of the biggest threats to global health and primary health care (PHC). In Africa, building climate resilient PHC is a challenge as there is little evidence to inform health systems and policymakers.</p></div><div><h3>Aim</h3><p>To determine the extent of the literature on climate change and PHC in the African context and identify knowledge gaps.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A scoping review systematically searched the published and grey literature (2010–2021) including six databases (Scopus, Pubmed, Cinahl, Africa Wide, Web of Science, and Open Grey) and research repositories from prominent African universities. A comprehensive search strategy and data extraction from included studies were used. Data were analyzed both quantitatively and qualitatively.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>A total of 1242 studies were identified and 12 included. Most of the articles were published from 2016 onwards. Publications came from five countries, with South Africa and Ghana having more than one. Most studies were narrative reviews or descriptive studies, using qualitative interviews or surveys. PHC services in Africa will experience increasing challenges of malnutrition, infectious diseases, heat-related conditions, injuries, non-communicable diseases, mental health problems and migration. However, there is an absence of actual surveillance or monitoring data. Only one study focused on the use of renewable energy as a means of resilience and mitigation. There were no studies on health financing implications.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The literature is accruing on climate change and health in the African context, but there is a lack of evidence on climate resilient PHC. Ten priority research questions were identified.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":75054,"journal":{"name":"The journal of climate change and health","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100229"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48708176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatial access to cooling centers in the city of Boston","authors":"Neil K.R. Sehgal ,&nbsp;Ashwini R. Sehgal","doi":"10.1016/j.joclim.2023.100231","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joclim.2023.100231","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>In the past decade, the City of Boston has experienced a record number of hot days and has implemented measures to help residents stay cool, such as encouraging the use of air-conditioned cooling centers at community centers and public libraries. This study aimed to investigate spatial access to these cooling centers in relation to race, poverty, and heat intensity.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Geospatial analysis was used to estimate the proportion of the population within a 15-minute walk of a cooling center. Data on race, poverty, and urban heat exposure also were analyzed.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The analysis showed that 77% of Boston's population is located within a 15-minute walk of a community center or library. There were no large disparities in access by race or poverty status and current cooling centers are located in areas with higher values on an urban heat island index. We estimate the City of Boston would need to construct a minimum of 19 new cooling centers to reach 95% of Boston's population, and 45 new centers to reach all residents.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>These findings suggest that the majority of Boston's population has good access to cooling centers, but there is still a need for additional centers in certain areas. Further research could explore the effectiveness of these cooling centers in reducing heat-related health impacts.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":75054,"journal":{"name":"The journal of climate change and health","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100231"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43069075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The carbon footprint of health system employee commutes","authors":"Thejus Jayakrishnan ,&nbsp;Ilyssa O. Gordon ,&nbsp;Sarah O'Keeffe ,&nbsp;Mamta K. Singh ,&nbsp;Ashwini R. Sehgal","doi":"10.1016/j.joclim.2023.100216","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joclim.2023.100216","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Greenhouse gas emissions from employee commutes contribute to the carbon footprint of the healthcare sector. We sought to analyze the patterns of employee commutes and quantify the resulting greenhouse gas emissions for three large health systems in Cleveland, Ohio.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>An employee survey was obtained and reviewed for data regarding home location, mode of commute, distance traveled, and commute time. Emissions for each survey participant were estimated using the United States Environment Protection Agency Emission Factor Inventory. Emissions per survey participant were multiplied by the total number of employees to estimate commute-related emissions for each health system.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>A total of 3,192 employees responded to the survey, including 988 from Cleveland Clinic, 271 from VA Medical Center, and 1933 from MetroHealth System. The vast majority of survey participants drove by themselves to work in an automobile. Annual greenhouse gas emissions per participant (in kg CO2-eq) were 1750 (Cleveland Clinic), 3333 (VA Medical Center), and 2834 (MetroHealth System) with variations due to differences in commute distances. Total annual emissions per health system were estimated as: 36,006,250 (Cleveland Clinic), 11,998,800 (VA Medical Center), and 22,672,000 (MetroHealth System).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Employee commutes are a potential area of intervention to decrease the carbon footprint of healthcare institutions. We recommend that health systems periodically survey employees to understand commute patterns and work with employees and policymakers to support and promote lower-emission transportation modes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":75054,"journal":{"name":"The journal of climate change and health","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100216"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48518764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Climate change and health in medical school curricula: A national survey of medical students’ experiences, attitudes and interests","authors":"Sasha Létourneau ,&nbsp;Aishwarya Roshan ,&nbsp;George T. Kitching ,&nbsp;Julia Robson ,&nbsp;Celia Walker ,&nbsp;Chenchen Xu ,&nbsp;Daniel Jubas-Malz ,&nbsp;Edward Xie","doi":"10.1016/j.joclim.2023.100226","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joclim.2023.100226","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Physicians play a critical role in addressing the health-related impacts of climate change. However, integration of education on the health effects of climate change into medical school curricula remains limited. Medical students are identified as both key stakeholders in curriculum development and leaders in curriculum change efforts. Student perspectives on the importance of learning about climate change and health are lacking and may help guide curricular growth. This study evaluates Canadian medical students’ experiences, attitudes and interests related to climate change and health in medical education.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A cross-sectional, population-based survey was developed, piloted and distributed to all students in Canadian medical schools who had completed ≥1 year of training by June 30, 2020. Responses were tabulated and characterized using descriptive statistics.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>In total, 1424 eligible respondents submitted the survey, representing 12.1% of all Canadian medical students. The sample included respondents from all years of study and every school, with the majority reporting no or low engagement with climate change advocacy (70.8%). Most students believed climate change is an important determinant of health (88.0%) that will affect their future patients’ health (89.6%) and that teaching on climate change should be formally incorporated into medical curricula (85.6%). A majority of students reported less teaching on climate change and health relative to other topics (85.0%) and most wanted more teaching (79.8%).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Respondents from Canadian medical schools expressed strong interest in learning about climate change and health. Our nationwide study identifies areas for curriculum development to address the health consequences of a changing climate.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":75054,"journal":{"name":"The journal of climate change and health","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100226"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48918275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bringing together climate-conscious health professionals - Creation of Climate and Health 2023","authors":"Kimberly Humphrey,&nbsp;Sheetal Rao,&nbsp;Marcalee Alexander","doi":"10.1016/j.joclim.2023.100233","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joclim.2023.100233","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":75054,"journal":{"name":"The journal of climate change and health","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100233"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44436697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Escalating costs of billion-dollar disasters in the US: Climate change necessitates disaster risk reduction","authors":"Vijai Bhola ,&nbsp;Attila Hertelendy ,&nbsp;Alexander Hart ,&nbsp;Syafwan Bin Adnan ,&nbsp;Gregory Ciottone","doi":"10.1016/j.joclim.2022.100201","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joclim.2022.100201","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>The United States (US) spends a staggering amount on costs secondary to natural disasters, over $2 trillion between 1980 and 2021, during which time 15,347 disaster related deaths also occurred <span>[1]</span>. We assess the relationship between CO2, temperature, and the number and economic costs of billion-dollar disaster events in the US during this period.</p></div><div><h3>Materials &amp; Methods</h3><p>Data on the annual number of inflation-adjusted billion-dollar disasters in the US, global CO2 levels, average temperature, and fatalities were obtained from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) for the period 1980–2021. Spearman's correlation (r_s) was calculated to analyze the relationship between these variables.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Over this 41-year period, CO2 levels, temperature, and the number of billion-dollar disasters in the US all increased and are strongly correlated. The rate of events over this period increased along with increases in CO2 (Spearman's correlation (r_s)=0.841) and temperature (r_s =0.748).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>CO2 levels and temperature have increased over the past 4 decades and are strongly positively correlated with the number of and total cost due to billion-dollar disasters. This strong correlation suggests that the annual number of events in the US will continue to increase along with their economic burden, so measures are needed to mitigate those costs. We recommend a focus on Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) as an immediate cost savings measure, in keeping with United Nations Disaster Risk Reduction and UN Sustainable Development Goals recommendations. Additional research on the healthcare costs associated with natural disasters is needed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":75054,"journal":{"name":"The journal of climate change and health","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100201"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48558488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}