Jeremy D. Wortzel , Ver-Se Denga , Jeshtha Angrish , Larissa Dooley , Iliana Manjón , Sherwin Shabdar , Amy D. Lykins , Suzie Cosh , Paul A. Bain , Andrew Toyin Olagunju , James McKowen
{"title":"Pediatric climate distress: A scoping review and clinical resource","authors":"Jeremy D. Wortzel , Ver-Se Denga , Jeshtha Angrish , Larissa Dooley , Iliana Manjón , Sherwin Shabdar , Amy D. Lykins , Suzie Cosh , Paul A. Bain , Andrew Toyin Olagunju , James McKowen","doi":"10.1016/j.joclim.2024.100349","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joclim.2024.100349","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Climate change is the public health crisis of our time, with young people particularly at risk. Climate change has been associated with increased prevalence of psychiatric disorders. Psychological concerns pertaining to the Earth's future have also been cited as contributing to negative emotions now termed ‘climate distress’. While previous reviews have addressed the various ways climate change affects pediatric mental health, this scoping review aims to specifically explore pediatric climate distress and its implications for clinical practice.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>2548 articles were extracted from multiple databases, titles, abstracts, and full texts were screened blinded and in duplicate using the web-based platform Covidence. Quantitative and qualitative original research papers published in English between January 1, 2000 and April 29, 2024 that studied pediatric climate distress were included.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Forty-two articles met the inclusion criteria, along with 10 additional grey literature sources. Among quantitative studies, 81 % found that 50 % or more of respondents reported negative climate emotions and 86 % of qualitative studies reported that “all” or “most” respondents expressed negative climate emotions. Additionally, 63 % of studies measuring distress severity reported high distress levels. Therapeutic interventions addressing climate distress were found to be effective and were categorized thematically into three groups: Education-Emotion Focused, Nature-Engagement Based, and Activism-Civic Related.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This review shows that while there is a growing body of literature that illustrates how young people have negative emotions pertaining to climate change, there is need for increased diagnostic and therapeutic approaches to clinically address these growing challenges.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":75054,"journal":{"name":"The journal of climate change and health","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100349"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142553007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Michael Tong , Enembe Okokon , Sotiris Vardoulakis
{"title":"Health risks of climate change in Australia: An umbrella review","authors":"Michael Tong , Enembe Okokon , Sotiris Vardoulakis","doi":"10.1016/j.joclim.2024.100347","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joclim.2024.100347","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>The impact of climate change on population health has been extensively studied in Australia, but no comprehensive review of the impact of climate change on health in Australia has been performed. This review summarizes the most up-to-date, high-level evidence exploring the health risks of climate change in Australia, identifies evidence gaps in the scientific literature, and lays the groundwork for an in-depth national climate change and health risk assessment in Australia.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Electronic database PubMed was searched for systematic reviews of the impact of climate change on health outcomes in Australia. Narrative synthesis was conducted to summarize findings.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The most frequently reported climate change related risks in Australia were heat and bushfires, followed by floods and droughts, with a limited number of studies on cyclones and rising sea levels. The impacts on health included all-cause mortality and morbidity, heat-related illnesses, vector-, food- and water-borne diseases, negative mental health effects, cardiovascular, respiratory, and renal diseases, injuries and adverse birth outcomes. These impacts were unevenly distributed across Australia's geographical regions and population groups, particularly affecting young children, people with health conditions or disabilities, the elderly, and pregnant women. There were notable gaps concerning First Nations, culturally and linguistically diverse groups, ethnic minorities, and refugees in the context of climate change and health in Australia.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Further research is needed to deepen our understanding of the associations between climate change and health outcomes in Australia, especially among disadvantaged communities and sensitive population groups. Future risk assessments using standardized methodologies to estimate exposure-response functions for specific health outcomes are warranted. At-risk populations need to be adequately supported by a national adaptation plan that will reduce their vulnerability to climate extremes and prevent adverse health impacts of climate change in Australia.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":75054,"journal":{"name":"The journal of climate change and health","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100347"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142748101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jil Beckord , Julia Barbara Krakowczyk , Nadja Gebhardt , Leonie Sophie Geiser , Katharina Kamler , Christoph Nikendei , Eva-Maria Skoda , Martin Teufel , Alexander Bäuerle
{"title":"Development and validation of a climate change version of the man-made disaster-related distress scale (CC-MMDS)","authors":"Jil Beckord , Julia Barbara Krakowczyk , Nadja Gebhardt , Leonie Sophie Geiser , Katharina Kamler , Christoph Nikendei , Eva-Maria Skoda , Martin Teufel , Alexander Bäuerle","doi":"10.1016/j.joclim.2024.100356","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joclim.2024.100356","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Climate change, considered as a pressing man-made disaster, poses a fundamental threat to global health, with significant psychological consequences. However, measurement instruments assessing these consequences of climate change remain limited. This study aimed to address this gap by developing and validating an adapted version of the Man-Made Disaster-Related Distress Scale (MMDS), specifically designed for the assessment of indirect climate change-related psychological consequences.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and Methods</h3><div>The items of the MMDS were adapted to climate change. The resulting “Climate Change – Man-Made Disaster-Related Distress Scale” (CC-MMDS), comprising 16 items, was validated in an online-based survey in Germany. Initially, 1070 participants were engaged in the survey.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The data of <em>n</em> = 715 participants was used for analysis. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses revealed a two-factor structure, encompassing “psychological distress” and “change of existing belief systems”, with acceptable to good model fit. The CC-MMDS demonstrated excellent reliability and good validity, with measurement invariance across gender, age, and educational level.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>This study validated the CC-MMDS, confirming a two-factor structure. The scale demonstrated strong measurement properties, making it a promising standardized instrument for assessing climate change-related distress.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>With its strong psychometric properties and efficient administration, the CC-MMDS offers valuable insights for research and can aid mental health providers in identifying and supporting individuals impacted by climate change.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":75054,"journal":{"name":"The journal of climate change and health","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100356"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142722902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Catherine Chen , Elizabeth Cerceo , Soko Setoguchi , Kevin Chen
{"title":"Trends in non-profit hospitals’ investments in community environmental improvements in New Jersey, 2010–2018","authors":"Catherine Chen , Elizabeth Cerceo , Soko Setoguchi , Kevin Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.joclim.2024.100319","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joclim.2024.100319","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Healthcare organizations play a vital role in addressing the health needs of their service areas, including those of environmental degradation. In 2010, environmental improvements were added as an expenditures category for “community building” on the non-profit hospital tax form.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In this report, we identified and analyzed 36 non-profit hospital organizations in New Jersey with complete data from fiscal years 2010 to 2018 using the Community Benefits Insight Hospital Data Set.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Between 5.3–15.9 % of hospital entities reported any environmental improvement expenses averaging $45,395 and accounting for 0.00021 % to 0.0017 % of hospital operating expenses. The average statewide annual environmental improvements expenses were $204,959. Few hospitals reported environmental improvement expenses and there was no increase in expenditure over time.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>Given the increasing awareness for environmental determinants of health, tax and other incentives may be a way to stimulate investment in mitigation of environmental hazards to the community.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":75054,"journal":{"name":"The journal of climate change and health","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100319"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140794797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Suellen Breakey , Donna Hovey , Margaret Sipe , Patrice K. Nicholas
{"title":"Health effects at the intersection of climate change and structural racism in the United States: A scoping review","authors":"Suellen Breakey , Donna Hovey , Margaret Sipe , Patrice K. Nicholas","doi":"10.1016/j.joclim.2024.100339","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joclim.2024.100339","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Climate change and structural racism are significant threats to public health and health equity. The impacts of each individual problem on human health and well-being have been documented; what is less known is the impact of the intersection of climate change and structural racism on health.</div></div><div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>To conduct a scoping review to examine the emerging knowledge related to the impact of climate change and structural racism on the health and well-being of racialized minority groups in the United States.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A scoping review was conducted using the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology and PubMed, CINAHL, and PsychInfo databases. Two searches were conducted between 11/2021 and 7/2023. Data were extracted and analyzed; and themes were identified.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of 148 full-text reviews, 28 were included in the final synthesis. Texas was the US state most represented in research studies. Black/African American and Hispanic/Latino populations were the most discussed and studied populations. The overarching theme identified was <em>the enduring legacy of historical redlining on inequitable climate and environmental exposures</em>. Four subthemes included <em>environmental justice impacts, climate justice impacts, ecopandemic injustice</em>, and <em>the emergence of syndemics</em>.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Climate justice, environmental justice and structural racism have individual impacts on health; however, they are inextricably linked and have wide-ranging impacts on health and well-being. Implications for education, clinical practice, policy and advocacy, and research are outlined. Health providers have an opportunity to partner with disinvested communities to develop realistic strategies to create more resilient, vibrant communities that will lead to improved health outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":75054,"journal":{"name":"The journal of climate change and health","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100339"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142748103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cory Sejo , Natasha Mehta , Samantha Wilairat , Michele Barry , Michelle C. Odden , Andrew Y. Chang
{"title":"Extreme heat and cardiovascular mortality among structurally marginalized populations in the United States: A scoping review","authors":"Cory Sejo , Natasha Mehta , Samantha Wilairat , Michele Barry , Michelle C. Odden , Andrew Y. Chang","doi":"10.1016/j.joclim.2024.100343","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joclim.2024.100343","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Extreme heat and heat waves have long been recognized as a significant risk factor for cardiovascular disease exacerbations and death. Differential outcomes among structurally marginalized populations are less well understood, and in particular, the impact of this environmental hazard on cardiac mortality deserves further exploration for these populations.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A scoping review was conducted to characterize the scientific literature examining the impact of extreme heat on cardiovascular mortality among structurally marginalized populations in the United States. Using relevant medical subject headings (MeSH) and key terms, a systematic search of the indexing databases of Pubmed, Embase, and Web of Science for English-language manuscripts published from inception to July 2023 for primary research, systematic reviews, meta analyses, and narrative reviews was performed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>4674 articles were screened, of which 33 which met inclusion criteria. The majority (73 %) of these were primary quantitative research studies, all of which were observational in nature. Half of the research designs were cohort studies. The most common marginalized group described was that of older adults (79 % of manuscripts), while race/ethnicity (42 %), sex/gender (42 %), and lower socioeconomic status (49 %) were also commonly explored. Most studies assessed aggregated composite cardiovascular mortality as the primary end point, with only four fractionating myocardial ischemia/infarction as the cause of death.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Future directions of study for the field include additional analyses of other marginalized groups including differently-abled, immigrant, outdoor laborers, incarcerated peoples, Hispanic/Latinx, Native American, and Asian American/Pacific Islander populations, as well as determining the impact of diverse socioeconomic parameters, and examining disaggregated cardiac outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":75054,"journal":{"name":"The journal of climate change and health","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100343"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142529789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Climate emotions, parenting plans, and racial difference in the United States","authors":"Jade S. Sasser , Emily Klancher Merchant","doi":"10.1016/j.joclim.2024.100346","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joclim.2024.100346","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Increasing attention is being paid to the relationship between climate change, emotional and mental distress, and feelings about raising children. These studies often overlook the role of demographics, race in particular, despite evidence that racial minority groups in the U.S. experience more detrimental climate impacts and express more climate concern than do white communities. This survey was conducted to elucidate the relationship between race, climate emotions, and parenting plans in the U.S.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We surveyed 2489 people in the U.S. between the ages of 22 and 35 in September 2021. Because we were interested in the role of race, we oversampled those who identified as non-white/people of color. The survey assessed participants’ emotions with respect to climate change, and their emotions with respect to birthing and raising children (parenting) in the context of climate change.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Nonwhite respondents were more likely than white respondents to report feeling traumatized as a response to climate change, and to plan to have fewer future children than they wanted as a result of their climate-related emotions. They were also more likely to report feeling more optimistic and hopeful in response to climate change and in response to raising existing children in the context of climate change. White women were least likely to report any positive emotions with respect to parenting during climate change. White men were most likely to report non-feeling emotions such as numbness, indifference, or being checked out. Christian respondents were more likely to report feeling positive emotions overall.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study highlights race as a statistically significant factor in the reporting of climate emotions and parenting plans. It demonstrates that climate change has contradictory impacts on the emotions of nonwhite people of color, while having a negative impact on childbearing plans. We call for further research into the role of race in climate-related emotions and parenting plans, particularly with respect to the impacts of traumatized feelings, as well as the roles of religion and positive emotions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":75054,"journal":{"name":"The journal of climate change and health","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100346"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142427466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tamiko R. Katsumoto , Liya Stolyar , Chathurika L. Dandeniya , Hong Nei Wong , Cristina M. Lanata , Titilola Falasinnu , Thomas Bush
{"title":"Impact of climate change on rheumatic diseases: A scoping review","authors":"Tamiko R. Katsumoto , Liya Stolyar , Chathurika L. Dandeniya , Hong Nei Wong , Cristina M. Lanata , Titilola Falasinnu , Thomas Bush","doi":"10.1016/j.joclim.2024.100338","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joclim.2024.100338","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Although the impacts of climate change on human health conditions are reasonably well documented, specific influences on rheumatic diseases remain incompletely characterized. The goal of this scoping review was to better understand how climate change is impacting rheumatic diseases, either directly or indirectly, as well as how climate change affects the geographical distribution of infectious diseases with arthritogenic manifestations, which will impact rheumatic disease care.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A scoping review was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>149 papers were identified regarding the impact of climate change related exposures on patients with rheumatic diseases. The most common climate-related exposure was air pollution, with other factors including excess heat or cold, precipitation, exposure to ultraviolet light, and malnutrition. The vast majority of studies identified associations of climate related factors with increased disease activity or incidence. 105 studies were identified that addressed the influence of climate change on the observed or projected changes in the geographical range of diseases with arthritogenic manifestations spread by arthropods or environmental vectors. The majority of studies focused on dengue, Lyme disease and chikungunya and found an increase in the geographical range with climate change. A grey literature search of rheumatology organization websites suggests that the field of rheumatology remains inadequately prepared for climate change impacts.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The existing literature was summarized and gaps were highlighted that are deserving of further exploration such that rheumatologists can be better prepared to care for their patients, educate them on potential health harms, and advocate for policies to proactively address the climate crisis.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":75054,"journal":{"name":"The journal of climate change and health","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100338"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667278224000415/pdfft?md5=93cc0e4521936dcb47335b9942ef6ed7&pid=1-s2.0-S2667278224000415-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141984989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kiera Tsakonas , Simi Badyal , Tim Takaro, Chris G. Buse
{"title":"Rapid review of the impacts of climate change on the health system workforce and implications for action","authors":"Kiera Tsakonas , Simi Badyal , Tim Takaro, Chris G. Buse","doi":"10.1016/j.joclim.2024.100337","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joclim.2024.100337","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>The cascading impacts of climate change have significant implications for public health and healthcare delivery globally. This review explores how climate change impacts the health system workforce (both public health and healthcare service delivery), and what adaptation strategies are being deployed to mitigate against extreme climate events.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The review draws from English language peer-reviewed articles published between 2003 and 2023, that forefront experiences and adaptations to climate change events as they relate to the health system workforce. Out of 1662 articles, upon completing title and abstract review, two reviewers completed full-text review of 130 articles, removing 92 for not meeting inclusion criteria, resulting in 38 articles. Articles were analyzed in relation to the World Health Organization Climate Resilient Health Systems Framework.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Emergent themes highlight occupational health impacts such as physical hazards, burn out and psychosocial impacts. Adaptive strategies to address these impacts include bolstering transformative leadership praxis, psychosocial support provision, emergency preparedness and planning, and scaling up climate-related emergency preparedness through the development of climate change core competencies and multi-sectoral collaboration strategies.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Our review illustrates the limitations and opportunities of current adaptive strategies being utilized to support the healthcare workforce around the world, highlights the need for immediate emissions reductions that will reduce future hazards, and provides recommendations for how these findings can be applied to better prepare the health workforce for a range of climate futures.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":75054,"journal":{"name":"The journal of climate change and health","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100337"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667278224000403/pdfft?md5=037a47d73ecbf96d2ab0babd41b97475&pid=1-s2.0-S2667278224000403-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141843301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The human health burden of climate change: Non-economic losses and ethical considerations towards achieving planetary health","authors":"Martha Teshome","doi":"10.1016/j.joclim.2024.100336","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joclim.2024.100336","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Climate change presents an urgent and growing threat to the health and well-being of people and the planet. More frequent and intense heatwaves, droughts and floods are breaching critical ecosystem boundaries, causing cascading impacts that are increasingly complex to govern. Unsustainable development pathways and economic choices that are fueling the climate crisis are also directly engendering global health issues. Furthermore, the global response to climate change has been uneven and the lack of a conceptual framework for loss and damage has allowed developed countries the latitude to adopt differing takes on its framing, undermining the urgency and progression of the loss and damage mechanism to the detriment of developing countries. Current research on the governance of climate ethics posits that while economic and legal considerations largely influence climate policies, decision-making processes in climate adjacent sectors such as health need to be further grounded on ethically sound principles. Framing the health impacts of climate change as a moral issue can therefore be viewed as an effort to reshape the current political discourse with a humanistic lens and move the international community and state-level actors to action. The framing of this issue is particularly important as it recenters the focus on human health as an imperative for effective climate policies rather than as a contributor to the cache of peripheral co-benefits. It also underscores climate change as an ethical issue, in which failure to respond to the climate impacts can worsen health inequities, especially for socially and economically marginalized communities and vulnerable groups.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":75054,"journal":{"name":"The journal of climate change and health","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100336"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667278224000397/pdfft?md5=0bf9eb5db67f0658c0211b819f4705c0&pid=1-s2.0-S2667278224000397-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141851803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}