The Internet journal of pediatrics and neonatology最新文献

{"title":"Study of The Cardiac Function of Children Aged from 6 to 59 Months Suffering from Severe Acute Malnutrition in Yaounde Cameroon","authors":"D. Chelo, F. Nguefack, Anicet Ngate, Suzanne Sap Ngo Um, H. M. Awa, Paul Olivier Koki Ndomb","doi":"10.33425/2689-1085.1009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33425/2689-1085.1009","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Malnutrition is a real public health problem in developing countries. The prevalence remains high in Cameroonian. Context: This condition is regularly accompanied by organ failure. One of the most frequent and severe situations is cardiac involvement with implications on the management of patients. Describing the echocardiographic abnormalities of the heart function of children aged 6 to 59 months hospitalized for Severe Acute Malnutrition (SAM) in the hospitals of Yaoundé was the goal of this study. Knowledge of changes in heart function during the management of SAM will contribute to ameliorating the prognosis, which will also depend on the cardiac lesions. Methods: It was a cross sectional descriptive study carried out in healthcare structures in the town of Yaoundé for a period of 5 months, from January to May 2015. Children aged 6 to 59 months suffering from severe acute malnutrition and hospitalized for at least 6 days were included. We excluded those who had a pathology which could influence heart function. Data collected covered the sociodemographic, clinical and echocardiographic characteristics of the study participants. Results: Most of the 78 children recruited were less than 18 months old (81.08%). The sex ratio was 0.6. Marasmus was the most common type of SAM we found (78.38%). Concerning echocardiography, 35.14% of children had a left ventricular shortening fraction (LVSF) and a Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction (LVEF) less than the 3rd percentile. In all the patients, the speed of the E and A waves was less than -2SD of reference means. The ratio of the E/A waves was less than the 5thpercentile in 35.14%. All had a Tricuspid Annular Plane Systolic Excursion (TAPSE) <-2SD of the reference mean. The decrease of the LVEF was significantly linked to the young age of the patients and to the degree of severity of the malnutrition. Conclusion: severe acute malnutrition is associated with both systolic and diastolic heart failure. Functions of the two ventricles are altered. The severity of heart lesion depends on the degree of malnutrition.","PeriodicalId":75037,"journal":{"name":"The Internet journal of pediatrics and neonatology","volume":"77 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79269572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Duplicate Tail Like Right Lower Limb: A Rare Congenital Malformation","authors":"K. Salameh, Rajai Al Bedaywi, N. Elkabir, R. Valappil, Anvar P. Vellamgot, L. Habboub","doi":"10.33425/2689-1085.1015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33425/2689-1085.1015","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Polymelia (supernumerary limbs) or congenital duplication of limb is an extremely rare condition in humans, with only few cases reported in the literature. Case Report: This is a case of newborn female born with a tail-like extra right leg, which unfortunately was not detected during the routine antenatal ultrasonography. Conclusion: Early diagnosis can facilitate the management planning and psychological preparation of the parents. Surgical resection of the accessory limb at an early age is recommended in patients with polymelia. *Correspondence: Khalil Salameh, Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology, Al Wakra Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, Al Wakra, Qatar, Tel: +974 40114258. Received: 04 November 2020; Accepted: 25 November 2020 Journal of Pediatrics & Neonatology ISSN 2689-1085","PeriodicalId":75037,"journal":{"name":"The Internet journal of pediatrics and neonatology","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76530957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antibiotic Management for Acute Appendicitis in Children: Is it Worth it?","authors":"L. Gaol, M. Mantu","doi":"10.33425/2689-1085.1010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33425/2689-1085.1010","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Surgical management of appendicitis in children can reduce its mortality rate, but the risk of complications is comparable. The most common risks in post-operative appendectomy are surgical wound infections, intra-abdominal abscess, and prolonged ileus. The inflammation of the appendix will not always end in perforation because it may resolve spontaneously. This is the result of using antibiotics to reduce the inflammation. The discovery accounts for the decreased appendectomy surgeries. These are the basis for us to conduct research on the use of antibiotics rather than surgery, in appendicitis. Objective: To determine the effect of antibiotic treatments in pediatric appendicitis to prevent surgery. Methods: A prospective cohort method was used with a non-random consecutive sampling of 54 children from January 2015 to January 2016. The diagnosis of appendicitis is made based on clinical symptoms and laboratory results with abdominal tenderness, fever, nausea, vomiting, increased leukocyte and neutrophil count, and an abdominal ultrasound. We obtained 40 children (74.1%) diagnosed with non-complicated appendicitis and treated with two classes of antibiotics and one analgesic. 14 children (25.9%) had complicated appendicitis and received three classes of antibiotics with one analgesic. Each group was observed for 3-5 days of treatment. Results: The group of children with non-complicated appendicitis who resolved only with conservative treatment was 29 children (72.5%) with p value < 0.001. The group of children with complicated appendicitis who resolved with conservative treatment was only 1 child (7.1%) with p value<0.001. There was a significant reduction in pain for both groups (p value<0.001). Conclusion: The use of antibiotics as a type of treatment for non-complicated appendicitis has significant effect to reduce surgery. Its administration also significantly decreased pain in both complicated and non-complicated appendicitis. Further studies with larger sample size are needed to investigate the relationship between antibiotic treatments in pediatric appendicitis to prevent invasive interventions.","PeriodicalId":75037,"journal":{"name":"The Internet journal of pediatrics and neonatology","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90343464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maternal Factors Associated with Sepsis among Neonates Admitted in Kenyatta National Hospital Pediatric Wards","authors":"F. Muthwii, M. Chege, Margret Muiva, Michael Habtu","doi":"10.33425/2689-1085.1014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33425/2689-1085.1014","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Neonatal sepsis is a major cause of neonatal mortality. The proportion of under-five deaths in the newborn period was found to have increased from 41 per cent (in year 2000) to 46 percent [1]. Statistics indicate that 98% of the global one million deaths as a result of neonatal sepsis occur in Africa. Neonatal sepsis contributes to 28% of neonatal mortality in Kenya. Study objective: The study sought to identify maternal characteristics of mothers to neonates admitted for management of neonatal sepsis in Kenyatta National Hospital (K.N.H) pediatric wards. Methodology: This was a mixed-method study where both quantitative cross-sectional and qualitative approaches were used within K.N.H pediatric wards. A total of 107 study participants were enrolled in the study. The study subjects were selected by systematic random sampling method in which every alternate participant was selected Data was obtained from consenting mothers and healthcare workers. The researcher gathered data on maternal factors associated with the development of neonatal sepsis. Three focused group discussions comprising nurses, doctors and clinical officers were conducted. Data was collected by use of researcher administered semi-structured questionnaire. Qualitative data was audiotaped, transcribed and analyzed into themes. Data was cleaned, entered into computer and analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20. Level of significance was at < 0.05. Study results: Among the sampled mothers, (44.9%) were aged between 20-25 years, (78.5%) were married while fifty-two (48.6%) had attained secondary school education. Fifty-two (47.7%) of the mothers were unemployed and most (42.1%) were earning between KShs of 10,000 – 20,000 per month. More than half 60(56.1%) of the mothers were primiparas. Conclusion The study revealed maternal factors such as primary level of education, low economic class, being a first-time mother and unemployment were common among mothers to newborns admitted with sepsis. *Correspondence: Florence Muthwii, University of Nairobi, College of Health Sciences, School of Nursing Sciences, Nairobi, Kenya. Received: 02 November 2020; Accepted: 17 November 2020 Journal of Pediatrics & Neonatology ISSN 2689-1085","PeriodicalId":75037,"journal":{"name":"The Internet journal of pediatrics and neonatology","volume":"82 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83540069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can Multi-Detector Computed Tomography Classify (MDCT) Non-Compacted Left Ventricle in Coloration to The Genetic Structure?","authors":"M. Nabo","doi":"10.33425/2689-1085.1004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33425/2689-1085.1004","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction Isolated left ventricular noncompaction (LVNC) is a genetic cardiomyopathy characterized by prominent ventricular trabeculations and deep intertrabecular recesses, or sinusoids, in communication with the left ventricular cavity [1]. The clinical sequelae of these deformities are the syndrome of heart failure, arrhythmias and stroke. Dusek first described the postnatal persistence of spongy myocardium in 1975 pathologically, but Engberding and Bender made the first clinical recognition with two-dimensional (2D) echocardiography in 1984 [2,3]. Three decades later, with only morphologic assessment available and no definitive genetic pathway, isolated left ventricular noncompaction (LVNC) remains a diagnostic and management challenge. In this review, we wish to spot light on how MDCT can visualize the shape and distribution of spongy myocardium clearer than echocardiography.","PeriodicalId":75037,"journal":{"name":"The Internet journal of pediatrics and neonatology","volume":"90 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90093402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and Factors Associated with Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (PAH) in Sickle Cell Children Residing in Yaoundé, Cameroon","authors":"C. David, F. Kessel, B. Hamadou, Mbom Ghislain, Kamdem Sandrine, A. Yanda, Shu Beckly, Y. Nathan","doi":"10.33425/2689-1085.1005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33425/2689-1085.1005","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Sickle cell disease is the most widespread single gene disease in the world. Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), a late complication, is one of its most serious causes of morbidity and mortality. In the absence of data on PAH in paediatric settings in Cameroon, we proposed to conduct a prevalence study and research on its determinants in a group of sickle cell patients. General Objective: Identify the determinants of pulmonary arterial hypertension in a group of children with major sickle cell disease. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional and analytical study from November 1, 2017 to May 31, 2018 in a group of sickle cell children regularly monitored at the Mother and Child Centre of the Chantal Biya Foundation. For each patient recruited, we collected socio-demographic data, medical history, clinical, biological and echocardiographic data. PAH was defined as mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mPAP)>25mmHg, obtained by measuring the pressure gradient between the pulmonary artery and the right ventricle (Bernoulli equation), to which we added the pressure of the right atrium. The data were analyzed with IBM SPSS 21.0. The association between variables was assessed by the Chi-square or Fisher test for qualitative variables and the Student t-test or Pearson Rho correlation test for quantitative variables. Results: Overall, we enrolled 129 patients, 79 (61.2%) were female. That is to say a sex ratio Male/Female of 0.63. The average age was 11.6 ± 3.2 years. We found PAH (mPAP>25mmHg) in 27 (20.9%) patients. In univariate analysis, the determinants found were high age (p=0.001), presence of dyspnea (p<0.001), high number of blood transfusions (p=0.043), history of pneumonia (p=0.01) dilated LV (DLV) (p=0.031) and dilated aorta (DA) (p=0.05). In multivariate analysis, the independent determinants we found were: age (p=0.041); high number of blood transfusions (p=0.005); history of pneumonia (p<0.001) and dyspnea (p=0.001). Conclusion: PAH is a common complication of sickle cell disease in children and its independent determinants are: age, number of blood transfusions, history of pneumonia, and dyspnea.","PeriodicalId":75037,"journal":{"name":"The Internet journal of pediatrics and neonatology","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77869635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knowledge and Practices of Physicians in Managing Pediatric Community Acquired Pneumonia (CAP) in a Major city in United Arab Emirates (UAE)","authors":"Aisha Almaazmi, Muna A Al Dhaibani, Hossam Al Tatari","doi":"10.33425/2689-1085.1001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33425/2689-1085.1001","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: The study aims to assess the knowledge, attitude and practices of physicians who deal with pediatric CAP in reference to the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) guidelines on this regard that was published in 2011. Background: Community acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a common disease and the leading cause of death among children worldwide. However, there seems to be large diversity among physicians when it comes to diagnosis, investigation and treatment of the condition, despite a recent clinical practice guideline that was released in August 2011 by the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA guideline). Method: An anonymous 15-item survey exploring knowledge, attitude and practices related to diagnosis and management of Pediatric CAP was distributed to physicians of different levels of experience (from residents to consultants) in the departments of Pediatrics, Emergency Medicine and Family Medicine in different governmental and private facilities in Al-Ain city.","PeriodicalId":75037,"journal":{"name":"The Internet journal of pediatrics and neonatology","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83668335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Two Episodes of Retrograde Jejunogastric and Jejunojejunal Intussusceptions as a Complication of Gastrostomy Tube in a Child: A Case Report","authors":"Sakulsansern Kwanhathai, Tunruttanakul Suppadech, Ruangwattanapaisarn Nichanan, Sritippho Nopporn","doi":"10.33425/2689-1085.1003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33425/2689-1085.1003","url":null,"abstract":"Gastrostomy tubes are frequently used to provide enteral access in some pediatric patients. Serious long-term complications are rare. The case-report here is a 12 years-old neurologically impaired child who had gastrostomy done for pharyngeal incoordination, presented eight years later with intestinal obstruction and upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Various imaging modalities were utilized and showed a retrograde jejuno-gastric intussusception around the gastrostomy tube. Six days after laparotomy and manual reduction, a perforated recurrent jejuno-jejunal intussusception occurred. Series of subsequent interventions were followed. This report aims to raise awareness of this uncommon but potential lethal complication concurrently with a discussion on diagnosis and management. We also provided a set of associated and useful imaging which is the important diagnostic tool.","PeriodicalId":75037,"journal":{"name":"The Internet journal of pediatrics and neonatology","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77795720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Birth to Discharge: Neonatal Simulation Clinical Experiences","authors":"C. DeGraw","doi":"10.33140/ijwhc/03/02/00008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/ijwhc/03/02/00008","url":null,"abstract":"With an increase in nursing programs to combat the projected nursing shortage, there is more competition for clinical sites\u0000for Obstetric-Neonatal clinical rotations. Obstetric and neonatal simulation clinical experiences are being substituted for\u0000hospital clinical rotations and for lack of patients during clinical rotations. A technical college in Southeastern United\u0000States is using five-hour simulation clinical experiences, in which Obstetric and Neonatal high-fidelity manikins are utilized,\u0000as substitutes for hospital clinical rotations or lack of Obstetric-Neonatal patients. Neonatal nursing care is related to\u0000the type of disorder the pregnant patient is admitted with to the Antepartum/ Intrapartum Simulation Laboratory Hospital\u0000Unit. Three patient scenarios are used for the clinical experiences: neonates born to mothers with gestational diabetes,\u0000preeclampsia, or preterm labor. Neonatal complications such as hypoglycemia and prematurity are incorporated into the\u0000scenarios. Nursing students use fetal monitoring to identify fetal complications to provide appropriate nursing care to the\u0000neonate after delivery. This use of simulation clinical experiences has been endorsed by the National Council of State Boards\u0000of Nursing and the National League of Nursing as a substitute for hospital clinical rotations. The significance of using\u0000Obstetric-Neonatal simulation clinical experiences is increased understanding by nursing students of the entire antepartum\u0000through postpartum nursing care and discharge process. Using the high-fidelity manakins and fetal monitoring, nursing\u0000students can obtain hands-on experience when unable to obtain the clinical experience due to lack of a hospital rotation\u0000site or lack of patients during their hospital clinical rotation.","PeriodicalId":75037,"journal":{"name":"The Internet journal of pediatrics and neonatology","volume":"98 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73602025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hypoglycemia And Supraventricular Tachycardia In An Infant Of Diabetic Mother: A Possible Association.","authors":"Vijayakumar Praveen, Hasanain Adnan, S. Praveen, J. Schuster, Luis A. Ayo","doi":"10.5580/2ce5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5580/2ce5","url":null,"abstract":"3 to 10 % of all pregnancies are associated with some degree of glucose dysregulation. 90% of those are related to gestational diabetes. Infant born to diabetic mothers with poor glycemic control, have greater associated morbidity and mortality. Hypoglycemia is the common manifestation in such infants, with an incidence of up to 50 % in the immediate postnatal period 2, Atrioventricular block has been documented in infants of diabetic mother (IDM). 4 Reactive hypoglycemia has been reported to trigger atrioventricular nodal reentry tachycardia in an adult. We describe a macrosomic IDM, who developed severe hypoglycemia and simultaneous supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) in the immediate postnatal period, suggesting a possible association and biological plausibility. Sinus rhythm was established with adenosine and after institution of stable euglycemia.","PeriodicalId":75037,"journal":{"name":"The Internet journal of pediatrics and neonatology","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70822091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}