American Journal of Ethnomedicine最新文献

{"title":"Integration of Unani System of Medicine in Mainstream Healthcare for Prevention and Control of Non-Communicable Diseases","authors":"M. Saleem, J. Akhtar, L. Swasticharan, Maqbool Khan, E. Rauf, Z. Siddiqui","doi":"10.21767/2348-9502.100010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21767/2348-9502.100010","url":null,"abstract":"Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) often called as lifestyle diseases are those non-infectious diseases which are of long duration and slow progression and can affect all age groups in one way or the other. The Global burden and threat of NCDs constitutes one of the major challenges for healthcare system in twentyfirst century. Keeping in view of the current scenario, a collaborative pilot project of Directorate General of Health Services and Ministry of AYUSH was launched namely Integration of AYUSH systems in National Programme for Prevention and Control of Cancer, Diabetes, Cardiovascular Diseases and Stroke (NPCDCS) known as NPCDCS-AYUSH Integration Project. Inter alia, the project on integration of Unani Medicine in NPCDCS was officially launched by Central Council for Research in Unani Medicine (CCRUM) in June 2016 at Lakhimpur-Kheri District (LKD), Uttar Pradesh and is being implemented in all the 17 CHCs of the district. This paper aims to highlight the strategies and achievements made during June 2016 to November 2017 (18 months) through various qualitative and quantitative indicators viz.-aviz. IEC/BCC development, training and orientations programs conducted, health lectures and monitoring visits; and population based screening, enrolment of patients for NCDs, outreach camps and yoga classes conducted; respectively. During this period 1,62,839 people were screened and 24,911 patients were enrolled for management and treatment of selected NCDs in LKD. The enrolment data suggested that among the population screened during the period, prevalence of common NCDs like diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia and cancers in LKD was 6.41%, 8.07%, 0.7% and 0.06% respectively. Significant results were obtained through this analysis which clearly shows the need and acceptance of this integration model in general public. This project is the model of integration of Unani system of Medicine in mainstream healthcare and this can be replicated for other districts not only for NPCDCS but also for integration with other National Health Programmes to provide better healthcare facility in the country.","PeriodicalId":7497,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Ethnomedicine","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78248263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the Toxicity of Secondary Metabolites in Aqueous Extracts of Ficus thonningii Blume in Wistar rats","authors":"T. Estella, P. Jessica, Ngoupayo Joseph, Njunkio Borgia Nono, Nguidjoe Evrard, Tabi Yves Omgba, Mbong Grace, Ngameni Bathélémy, N. Kaba, C. Fokunang","doi":"10.21767/2348-9502.1000013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21767/2348-9502.1000013","url":null,"abstract":"Peptic ulcer has become one of the major public health problems that affect about 10% of world’s population. It is a disease resulting from an imbalance between gastro protective and aggressive factors of the gastric mucosa. The treatment of this disease is usually long, expensive and also the difficulty in accessibility to modern medications to the local population in rural zones. This makes poor patients in the community to rely on traditional herbal medicine to address their health problems. F. thonningii Blume is a tree used by the population of the West Region of Cameroon to treat gastric ulcers. The objective of this study was to assess the toxicity of the major classes of secondary metabolites present in extracts of F. thonningii Blume in Wistar rats. The experimental model used to induce the gastric ulcers was absolute ethanol 100%. Thirty rats represented in six groups: one group without treatment, three pretreated groups with the extract (125, 250 and 500 mg/kg), a group receiving a pretreatment with the omeprazole (20 mg/kg) and another receiving a pretreatment with distilled water. We evaluated acute toxicity by applying the 420 OECD guidelines on 20 rats. Various biochemical parameters for toxicity such as the: Aspartate Amino Transferase (ASAT), Aspartate Amino Transferase (ALAT), Creatinine, XO, total proteins, was quantified. The administration of 2000 mg/kg extract to rats did not cause the death of animals and no modification of animal behaviour, increase dose dependence in body weight, water intake was observed. The administration of 2000 mg/kg extract to rats was well tolerated and there was no death. Targeted organ toxicity indicated positive effect in the liver (ASAT and ALAT) but negative effects in the kidneys (creatinine). The results of the liver functions tests showed that the conjugating ability of the liver was intact and there was no hepatocellular damage induced by the administration of the F. thonningii stem bark extract, as revealed by the low levels of ASAT and ALAT, hence showing that this plant had a hepatic-protective effect on the liver.","PeriodicalId":7497,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Ethnomedicine","volume":"59 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80104684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rare Case of Pyoderma Gangrenosum with Oral Involvement and Hepatitis","authors":"Chaudhry Ss, Inayat Ua, M. Az, Q. Naurez, Alimzhanov Nk, Ali Ak","doi":"10.21767/2348-9502.1000011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21767/2348-9502.1000011","url":null,"abstract":"Pyoderma Gangrenosum is an autoimmune disease which is associated with number of other systemic diseases mainly ulcerative colitis, crohn’s disease, rheumatoid arthritis and few others. But the rare associations are PG with oral involvement and PG with liver abnormalities. Uniqueness of this case is that, it has both of these rare characteristics. A 20 year old patient presents with the diffuse involvement of skin ulceration along with the oral ulcers too. He was diagnosed on the basis of the ulcer’s biopsy report and all other associations were denied appropriately with the help of colonoscopy, endoscopy and Extractable Antigen Nuclear Profile. So, initially he was started on prednisone and he responded well but then he started to develop the Iatrogenic Cushing Syndrome so then his medication was changed to the cyclosporine. Later on, his Hepatitis-C, ELISA came to be positive, so then his medication for that was started too.","PeriodicalId":7497,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Ethnomedicine","volume":"71 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90971167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In Vivo Biological Investigation of Methanolic Extract of Thymus linearis Whole Plant","authors":"Attiqa Naz, M. Saeed, R. Ghaffar, M. Shirazi","doi":"10.21767/2348-9502.10002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21767/2348-9502.10002","url":null,"abstract":"Background and purpose: For treatment of pain, pyrexia and inflammation, medicinal plants have exhibited enormous capability. Medicinal plants are used as anti-pyretic, analgesic and anti-inflammatory agents having low gastro intestinal tract disturbing adverse effects. In order to tackle and assure the antipyretic, analgesic and anti-inflammatory response of herbs, scientific backdrop is mandatory. Experimental approach: Abdominal writhing was introduced to experimental mice by intra peritoneal injection (i.p) of 1% acetic acid. Pain is induced thermally by observance the mice on hotplate having temperature around 50°C. For antipyretic activity, pyrexia was induced by 20 ml/kg body weight (b.w) i.p brewer′s yeast injection. Anti-inflammatory activity was examined in mice by Carrageenan. Thymus linearis methanolic extract (TLME) was used at test doses of 100, 200 and 300 mg/kg b. w i.p in mice. Key results: TLME showed reduced writhing in acetic acid method with dose of 100, 200 and 300 mg/kg b. w by 54.00 ± 1.15, 44.00 ± 1.15 and 32.66 ± 0.66 in comparison of control i.e. 66.66 ± 1.76. The latency times in hotplate method was significantly increased from 13.95% to 21.22% at dose of 100 to 300 mg/kg. Antipyretic effect of TLME exhibited 39.70 ± 0.01 protections at 300 mg/kg after 2 h as similar to standard drug Paracetamol 38.57 ± 0.06. Anti-inflammatory effect of TLME was significantly observed by 36.66% and 35.29% respectively at dose of 300 mg/kg. Conclusion and implications: Results of TLME showed that it can be used to treat pyrexia, pain and inflammation. This investigation actively reinforced the ethno pharmacological uses of T. linearis as analgesic, antipyretic and anti-inflammatory agent.","PeriodicalId":7497,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Ethnomedicine","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80970658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and evaluation of sustained release alginate beads for delivery of self-emulsifying resveratrol","authors":"Arpa Petchsomrit, R. Wiwattanapatapee","doi":"10.21767/2348-9502-C1-002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21767/2348-9502-C1-002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7497,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Ethnomedicine","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82594805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Back pain and herniated disc linked to depression","authors":"Zahra Daghighpoor","doi":"10.21767/2348-9502-C1-003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21767/2348-9502-C1-003","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7497,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Ethnomedicine","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73722716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Survey of Some Common Medicinal Plants Used in Eritrean Folk Medicine","authors":"B. Yemane, G. Medhanie, K. SurenderReddy","doi":"10.21767/2348-9502.1000014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21767/2348-9502.1000014","url":null,"abstract":"Sample survey was conducted by the researchers in a particular designated administrative area of two Zobas of the State of Eritrea, to know the type of medicinal plants used by the people. They used by different occasions of medicinal plants and its common names were enclosed, for leaves, roots, stems, flower/ buds, and even seeds for the treatment either in raw form or in extracted form. They shared their experiences in healing the ailments of different age groups and have some trust on such plant extractions rather than in modern medicines. They have shown good results and have healing properties, as the survey certified. Hence, conservation is an utmost important for such medicinal plants in modern world.","PeriodicalId":7497,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Ethnomedicine","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73914858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tragia spp: Assessment of Diuretic Activity and Standardization of the Whole Plant","authors":"M. Pallie, P. Perera, G. Cl, Kumarasinghe Kmn, Arawwawala Ldam","doi":"10.21767/2348-9502.100005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21767/2348-9502.100005","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Due to several toxic effects of synthetic diuretics drugs, people relay of medicinal plants as a source of diuretics. Hence, the efficacy of Tragia spp. which belonging to plant family Euphorbiaceae is an important medicinal plant used as a diuretic in Sri Lanka. Objective: The aim of the present study was to investigate diuretic activity and standardize whole plant of Tragia spp. Materials and methods: Plant extract (doses of 550, 1100, 1650, 2200 mg/kg), vehicle (2 ml of distilled water), reference drug (furosemide at 13 mg/kg) were given orally to separate groups of Wistar male rats (N = 6). In order to assess the diuretic activity, urine output was measured hourly for five hours. Na+ and K+ content, specific gravity, pH of urine measured in all groups. Whole plant of Tragia spp. was standardized in terms of physico-chemical parameters, phytochemical screening and antioxidant activity. Results: Results revealed that urine output of rats were significantly (P<0.05) increased when increasing the dose of Tragia spp. extract. Diuretic activity was initiated in the first hour and declined with time. Diuresis was maximum at the 1 h and at a dose of 2200 mg/kg urine output was significantly (P<0.05) higher than the reference drug. Tragia spp. extract also triggered a clear increase in Na+ and K+ levels and decreased pH levels in urine. Physico-chemical parameters, phytochemical screening and antioxidant activity were determined in order to standard Tragia spp. Conclusion: Tragia spp. exhibit marked diuretic activity and its mechanism of action is similar to a loop diuretic drug. Further, establishment of standardization parameters of Tragia spp. will help in correct identification and prevent adulteration.","PeriodicalId":7497,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Ethnomedicine","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74907096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nutritional Evaluation of Curcuma Species Collected from Different Agro Climatic Regions of Chhattisgarh","authors":"Akanksha Jain, D. Parihar","doi":"10.21767/2348-9502.1000020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21767/2348-9502.1000020","url":null,"abstract":"In present study rhizomes of Curcuma longa, Curcuma caesia and Curcuma aromatica from different regions of Chhattisgarh choose for best chemo type identification based on their nutritional evaluation and proximate analysis. Curcuma samples collected from Sarguja district showed highest antioxidant potential in most of the in-vitro assay. All the values compared by standard curcumin and showed significant variation in region wise. It can be conclude from the result that irrespective of the origin or variety, Curcuma is a good natural reservoir of energy whose nutritive components can be used as a food supplement.","PeriodicalId":7497,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Ethnomedicine","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90596913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Medicinal Plants that can Cause Changes in Blood Pressure and Interactions with Antihypertensive Agents","authors":"Katrine Teixeira, P. Santos, Vanilde Citadini-Zanette, Silvia Dalba, Patrícia de Aguiar Amaral","doi":"10.21767/2348-9502.100002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21767/2348-9502.100002","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Systemic arterial hypertension is a multifactorial clinical condition, characterized by sustained high levels of blood pressure. The secondary metabolites of medicinal plants may work in part through modification of haemodynamics including blood pressure alteration. This study aimed to conducted a literature review of medicinal plants that can cause blood pressure changes and interactions with antihypertensive drugs. Method: The literature search was made using terms as: hypertension, hypotensive, anti-hypertensive and blood pressure. Results: We found 138 medicinal plants that cause changes in blood pressure; 84 were reports of popular use and 78 were scientific studies. 22 plants caused interference in the regulation of blood pressure due to interaction with antihypertensive drugs. Conclusion: Most of the plants that cause changes in blood pressure have a documented hypotensive effect and such effects can be observed both in plants used popularly and also scientifically, notably in both cases, the potentiating of the medicine’s effects.","PeriodicalId":7497,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Ethnomedicine","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74075132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}