{"title":"I want to see the other doctor: a tribute to the pioneer and icon of paediatrics and medical education in Africa and the Middle East.","authors":"Osama Hafiz Elshazali","doi":"10.24911/SJP.106-1651571919","DOIUrl":"10.24911/SJP.106-1651571919","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this article, I will try to shine a light on the life and contribution to child health of the Late Professor Hafiz Elshazali, who passed away in December 2020, through my eyes. He is my father but more than that he was my mentor and role model.</p>","PeriodicalId":74884,"journal":{"name":"Sudanese journal of paediatrics","volume":"23 2","pages":"255-256"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10876275/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139914180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sandeep Jhajra, Sarita Kumari, Chhavi Sauparna, Sanjay Kumar Tanti
{"title":"Passive transfer of COVID-19 immunoglobulin via breast milk post COVID-19 vaccination of lactating mother: case report and review of the literature.","authors":"Sandeep Jhajra, Sarita Kumari, Chhavi Sauparna, Sanjay Kumar Tanti","doi":"10.24911/SJP.106-1664086286","DOIUrl":"10.24911/SJP.106-1664086286","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Infant response against infections depends largely on active and passive transfer of immunity through breast milk. There is plenty of data showing transplacental transfer of anti-severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) antibodies to the foetus and the presence of neutralising Ig-A and Ig-G anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in the breast milk of mothers post COVID-19 vaccination. There is a paucity of research regarding the impact of COVID-19 vaccination of lactating mothers on the immune response in infant blood. The index case was delivered at 35 weeks of gestation with features of hydrops fetalis. The COVID-19 rapid antigen test and COVID-19 reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction test were negative for the mother and neonate. The baby was investigated for sepsis, underwent double volume exchange transfusion, and was discharged on exclusive breastfeeding. SARS-CoV-2 antibody titres were tested in blood and breast milk samples 4 weeks after first and second dose of the COVID-19 vaccination of the mother. Growth, neurodevelopment and haematological parameters were monitored over time. A robust immune response was reported in the blood of infants post COVID-19 vaccination of the mother with the potential to confer passive immunity to the baby and without any serious side effects in the mother-infant dyad.</p>","PeriodicalId":74884,"journal":{"name":"Sudanese journal of paediatrics","volume":"23 2","pages":"243-247"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10876282/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139914231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The story of the Sudanese conjoined twins, Hassan and Hussein.","authors":"Yousif Eshag Omer Elhaj","doi":"10.24911/SJP.106-1703364387","DOIUrl":"10.24911/SJP.106-1703364387","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74884,"journal":{"name":"Sudanese journal of paediatrics","volume":"23 2","pages":"248-251"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10876279/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139914234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Pyridoxine in isoniazid-induced psychosis.","authors":"Renu Yadav, Manish Kumar, Niraj Kumar, Swathi Chacham","doi":"10.24911/SJP.106-1584524803","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24911/SJP.106-1584524803","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Isoniazid is a first-line drug for the management of tuberculosis. Recent changes in paediatric tuberculosis guidelines have insisted on a higher daily dose of isoniazid. Given the burden of paediatric tuberculosis in developing countries, it is pertinent that paediatricians are well versed with all possible adverse effects associated with isoniazid therapy and not just common ones like hepatotoxicity or peripheral neuropathy. Psychosis is one such rare adverse effect which has a reported incidence of 1%-2%. Here, we report a case of isoniazid-induced psychosis in a 4-year-old girl. The purpose of this report is to sensitise the paediatric healthcare community regarding this rare clinical entity along with highlighting the putative role of pyridoxine supplementation in the management of isoniazid-induced psychosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":74884,"journal":{"name":"Sudanese journal of paediatrics","volume":"22 2","pages":"190-192"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9983769/pdf/sjp-22-190.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9101233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Arthritic presentation of malignancies in children: a retrospective study from two centers in South India.","authors":"Suma Balan, Mahesh Janarthanan","doi":"10.24911/SJP.106-1626506748","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24911/SJP.106-1626506748","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Children with malignancies can present with varied symptoms mimicking rheumatological or orthopedic conditions. Symptoms such as fever, myalgia, arthralgia, and arthritis usually suggest an underlying musculoskeletal condition. However, malignancies in children can also present with such symptoms. The objective of this study was to analyze the clinical and laboratory features of children with malignancies presenting with arthritic manifestations to the paediatric rheumatology clinic and to raise awareness of these presentations among practising physicians. A retrospective case review was carried out in 53 patients who presented to 2 paediatric rheumatology units in 2 tertiary care hospitals in South India. These children presented with musculoskeletal symptoms and had a final diagnosis of malignancy. The median age was 6.1 years with a range from 1 to 15 years and male:female ratio of 1.12:1. The most common presentation was bone pain (75%), followed by fever (53%), polyarthralgia (51%), refusal to bear weight in lower limbs (40%), night pain (40%), and joint swelling (15%). Anemia with Hb < 8 g/dl was observed in 26% of the patients, white cell count (WCC) < 4000 cells/mm<sup>3</sup> in 17%, WCC > 12,000 cells/mm<sup>3</sup> in 15%, platelets < 150,000/ml in 43%, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate > 20 mm/hr in 77%.The peripheral smear was positive for malignancy in only 40% of the patients. Before referral to tertiary units, 34% were already treated with steroids with a suspected diagnosis of juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Treatment with steroids could mask the symptoms of malignancy and could lead to a delay in diagnosis and a poor outcome.</p>","PeriodicalId":74884,"journal":{"name":"Sudanese journal of paediatrics","volume":"22 1","pages":"47-53"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9361500/pdf/sjp-22-47.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40607711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Rheumatic heart disease control: the time for a paradigm shift.","authors":"Sulafa Khalid M Ali","doi":"10.24911/SJP.106-1652814717","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24911/SJP.106-1652814717","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) is a completely preventable, life-threatening complication of group A streptococcal pharyngitis and the commonest cause of acquired heart disease in children and young adults in low- and middle-income countries. Conventional control measures are faced with many obstacles including the difficulty of early diagnosis of bacterial pharyngitis and acute rheumatic fever (ARF) leading to late presentation with established RHD which is not curable. Recent evidence confirmed the role of echocardiography screening of asymptomatic children in the early detection of 'latent' RHD. Benzathine penicillin prophylaxis was shown to be effective in halting the progression of latent RHD. There is enough evidence to warrant the implementation of control strategies that use lower thresholds for the diagnosis of group A streptococcal infection and ARF and we believe that it is high time to introduce an echocardiography screen-to-treat policy in endemic areas.</p>","PeriodicalId":74884,"journal":{"name":"Sudanese journal of paediatrics","volume":"22 2","pages":"125-130"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9983771/pdf/sjp-22-125.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9101238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Eman Awad Sidig, Khalid Abdullah Aljohani, Hammad Ali Fadlalmola, Riyadh Alamin Hamed
{"title":"The impact of health counseling education program among Sudanese mothers on coping with autistic children.","authors":"Eman Awad Sidig, Khalid Abdullah Aljohani, Hammad Ali Fadlalmola, Riyadh Alamin Hamed","doi":"10.24911/SJP.106-1625340484","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24911/SJP.106-1625340484","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Autism spectrum disorder is a collection of developmental abnormalities that can lead to significant social, communicative and behavioural challenges. A nurse is critical in establishing a parent's level of autism awareness and coping skills. Our purpose was to evaluate how a parenting program for mothers influenced their ability to manage with autistic children. Quasi-interventional research, before and after the program was done. A total of 70 mothers of autistic children were enrolled in Khartoum State's five autism centres. The Short Form Parenting Stress Index was used to measure the level of stress and burden experienced by mothers caring for children with autism. The study showed that 31.4% of mothers had a good score in physical care skills before the intervention and 50.0% after the intervention. The mean scores of stresses pre-training 134.48 decreased to 64.1 post training program. In the pre-training program 42.90% of the mothers used problem focus coping strategy and the post-training program represented 92.85%. The educational health and counselling program played an important role in improving mothers' ability to cope with their autistic children.</p>","PeriodicalId":74884,"journal":{"name":"Sudanese journal of paediatrics","volume":"22 1","pages":"19-26"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9361494/pdf/sjp-22-19.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40605193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Unusual sites of Rosai-Dorfman disease in children: 5 years experience from tertiary care paediatric haemato-oncology centre.","authors":"Janani Arul, Riya Kataria, Varsha Kolli, Arunan Murali, Gramani Arumugam Vasugi, Arathi Srinivasan","doi":"10.24911/SJP.106-1623391582","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24911/SJP.106-1623391582","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Rosai-Dorfman disease (RDD) is a rare histiocytic disorder, usually presenting with massive lymphadenopathy. The involvement of extra nodal sites, bone and nodal sites like mediastinum are rare. Clinical data of three cases of extra nodal RDD who were admitted in our paediatric haemato-oncology unit were analysed in the last 5 years. The extra nodal RDD (maxillary sinus, nasal pharyngeal focus, and external auditory meatus) were diagnosed based on histopathology and positron emission tomography scan. They were treated with steroids but were refractory hence requiring salvage chemotherapy. Currently all three of them are in complete remission. Extra nodal RDD is difficult to diagnose, histopathology and radiology play an important role. Here, we present three cases, of which two were steroid-refractory which were treated with salvage chemotherapy and are in complete remission.</p>","PeriodicalId":74884,"journal":{"name":"Sudanese journal of paediatrics","volume":"22 1","pages":"109-115"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9361499/pdf/sjp-22-109.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40605195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Almegdad S M Ahmed, Mohammed A Adam, Ahmed A Noureddin, Ahmed A A Mahmoud, Abubaker E A Koko, Mohammed A M A Abdalhameed, Mohammed Elkhalifa, Elfatih M Malik
{"title":"Pattern of infectious diseases among Khalwa (Quran boarding school) students in Khartoum State, Sudan.","authors":"Almegdad S M Ahmed, Mohammed A Adam, Ahmed A Noureddin, Ahmed A A Mahmoud, Abubaker E A Koko, Mohammed A M A Abdalhameed, Mohammed Elkhalifa, Elfatih M Malik","doi":"10.24911/SJP.106-1611150286","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24911/SJP.106-1611150286","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Khalawi are one of the most ancient non-governmental educational institutions that are commonly found all over Sudan playing a major role in the Sudanese society. The majority of Khalwa students are children. This study was part of a mixed methods project, conducted by Khartoum Medical Students' Association, aiming to investigate the health status of Khalwa students. It is a cross-sectional study carried out in Mustafa Alfadni Khalwa, Sharg Al-Neel suburb in Khartoum State. The participants were clinically assessed by a doctor and data were collected by using a data entry tool made specially to screen for major infectious diseases among students. The results showed a mean age of 13.7 years. Most of the students (47.7%) were originally from Darfur, and 27.5% of them had only Khalwa education. Respiratory clinic results revealed that 10% were complaining of cough, and 3.4% were diagnosed with pneumonia. Additionally, 44.6% of the students had tinea capitis and 21% had scabies. On examination, 2.3% and 1.1% had mild splenomegaly and hepatomegaly, respectively. Infectious conjunctivitis and trachoma were reported among 11.7% and 10.9%, respectively. Blood films for malaria were positive in 51.3%. Macroscopic and microscopic haematuria was evident among 13.4% and 10.8% of the participants, respectively. Stool examination results showed that 1.4% of the students had worms, 1.5% had ova and 18.8% had red blood cells in stools. Infectious diseases are very common among Khalwa students and their living environment is facilitating the transmission of these diseases. Agent control and sanitation improvement are crucial to decrease such infectious diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":74884,"journal":{"name":"Sudanese journal of paediatrics","volume":"22 1","pages":"70-76"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9361491/pdf/sjp-22-70.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40607714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}