Korie Rice, Daniel Gottlieb, Natalie Riblet, Bradley V Watts, Brian Shiner
{"title":"Mental Healthcare Quality Across the COVID-19 Pandemic in Rural versus Urban Patients.","authors":"Korie Rice, Daniel Gottlieb, Natalie Riblet, Bradley V Watts, Brian Shiner","doi":"10.1037/rmh0000297","DOIUrl":"10.1037/rmh0000297","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study reports on the quality of mental healthcare delivered to rural and urban Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) patients across COVID-19 pandemic. This is a retrospective study using VA medical records between 3/10/2019 and 9/22/2022. This study divided the COVID-19 pandemic into Eras based on significant historical events. Quality metrics represented core mental health services. Delivery modalities included on-site, telephone, and video. The study calculated the percentage of patients, by rural and urban strata, who met each quality metric throughout defined COVID Eras. This research used logistic regression to identify predictors of receiving quality mental healthcare. During the pre-COVID Era, primary care (PC) and mental health (MH) encounters using remote video were rare making up a fraction of all care (Rural PC = 0.1%, Urban PC = 0.1%; Rural MH = 0.2%, Urban MH = 0.3%). There was a dramatic increase in remote video encounters during the Early COVID Era, but urban patients experienced a much larger increase versus rural counterparts (Rural PC = 0.9%, Urban PC = 2.0%; Rural MH = 1.3%, Urban MH = 2.8%). The effect of COVID Eras on quality was mixed depending on the metric examined. Across all Eras, rural patients and patients receiving remote care only received substantially lower quality mental health care compared to urban patients and patients who received a combination of remote and on-site care. Overall, there were dramatic changes to service delivery modalities across the COVID-19 pandemic. Quality of mental health care remained persistently lower among rural patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":74746,"journal":{"name":"Rural mental health","volume":"2025 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11997902/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144014810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jeremy Mennis, J Douglas Coatsworth, Michael Russell, Nathaniel R Riggs, Nikola Zaharakis, Aaron Brown, Michael J Mason
{"title":"Rural and Urban Variation in Mobile Health Substance Use Disorder Treatment Mechanisms and Efficacy.","authors":"Jeremy Mennis, J Douglas Coatsworth, Michael Russell, Nathaniel R Riggs, Nikola Zaharakis, Aaron Brown, Michael J Mason","doi":"10.1037/rmh0000329","DOIUrl":"10.1037/rmh0000329","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Residents of rural areas face significant barriers to substance use disorder (SUD) treatment, including poor access, stigma, lack of confidentiality, and distrust of mental health services, which may inhibit treatment engagement. Mobile health (mHealth) approaches offer personalized, private, and easily accessible SUD treatment for rural residents, but differences in treatment mechanisms and efficacy across rural and urban regions are unknown. The present study investigates rural versus urban differences in the efficacy an mHealth SUD treatment via the theorized treatment mechanisms: protective behavioral strategies, readiness to change, and peer network health. The study leverages the results of a randomized clinical trial of an mHealth SUD treatment called Peer Network Counseling-txt (PNC-txt) conducted among a sample of young adults (age 18-25) with cannabis use disorder (CUD). We hypothesize that the impact of PNC-txt treatment on the treatment mechanisms will be stronger in rural, as compared to urban, regions, consequently leading to significantly greater reductions in cannabis use among rural residents. Results indicate that while PNC-txt reduces past 30-day cannabis use at 6 months via 1-month increases in both protective behavioral strategies and readiness to change, these indirect effects of treatment do not differ significantly between rural and urban residents. Our findings suggest that readiness to change and protective behavioral strategies are effective treatment targets for reducing the frequency of young adult cannabis use and support mHealth as an important SUD treatment approach for addressing treatment barriers in rural regions.</p>","PeriodicalId":74746,"journal":{"name":"Rural mental health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12823047/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146032064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lauren Kenneally, Natalie Riblet, Susan Stevens, Kathryn K Gutierrez, Desiree Wyatt, Sarah L Cornelius, Melissa Ley-Thomson, Bradley V Watts
{"title":"Suicide Prevention RCT Pilot: Rural Veterans Receiving Mental Health Community Care.","authors":"Lauren Kenneally, Natalie Riblet, Susan Stevens, Kathryn K Gutierrez, Desiree Wyatt, Sarah L Cornelius, Melissa Ley-Thomson, Bradley V Watts","doi":"10.1037/rmh0000327","DOIUrl":"10.1037/rmh0000327","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Suicide is a concern in rural veterans, particularly following acute mental health admission. Rural veterans can experience barriers accessing treatment, including mental health treatment. The MISSION Act of 2018 aims to alleviate some challenges through access to Community Care, which has since raised concerns about suicide prevention effort discrepancies and barriers between Veterans Affairs (VA) and non-VA providers. Despite concerns, limited studies exist of suicide prevention strategies in rural Veterans receiving acute mental health Community Care.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a pilot study of the suicide prevention program, VA Brief Intervention and Contact Program (VA BIC), in rural veterans who accessed acute mental health Community Care across Northern New England. VA BIC supports treatment engagement and health-promotion behaviors in veterans after Community Care discharge. We developed a process to recruit eligible veterans into a three-month study of VA BIC. We assessed the feasibility of VA BIC in Community Care veterans and collected mental health outcome pilot data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 44 eligible and reachable patients, 45.5% (N=20) consented. Retention was high with 95.0% of patients completing all assessments. Among the 10 VA BIC participants, adherence was high with 90% completing all eight visits and 100% completing six visits. Suicidal ideation, hopelessness, social connectedness, and suicide-related coping trended towards improvement in the VA BIC group at follow-up.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>It is feasible to study VA BIC following discharge from acute mental health Community Care, and the intervention may benefit veterans. Future studies should confirm the efficacy of VA BIC in reducing suicide risk in non-VA settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":74746,"journal":{"name":"Rural mental health","volume":"50 3","pages":"132-145"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13245585/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148213741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Brian Shiner, Vincent DuFort, Tayla Peltzman, Bradley V Watts
{"title":"Rural-Urban Disparities in Access to Interventional Psychiatry Treatments among VA Patients.","authors":"Brian Shiner, Vincent DuFort, Tayla Peltzman, Bradley V Watts","doi":"10.1037/rmh0000333","DOIUrl":"10.1037/rmh0000333","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>While tele-mental health has improved access to standard medication management and psychotherapy for rural Veterans, implementation of interventional psychiatry treatments will require in-person care, potentially leading to the exacerbation of rural-urban disparities in access to mental health care. We studied the availability of interventional psychiatry treatments, delivered clinically or in the context of a research trial, to rural and urban Veterans.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used VA electronic medical record data to measure the use of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), magnetic seizure therapy (MST), repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), vagus nerve stimulation (VNS), deep brain stimulation (DBS), ketamine (infusion or nasal spray), stellate ganglion block (SGB), and medication-assisted psychotherapy (AP) protocols including 3,4-methylenedioxy-methamphetamine (MDMA)-AP and psilocybin-AP, as appropriate, for VA patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) from 2017 through 2024. We compared treatment use in rural and micropolitan locations to use in urban locations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Few patients received any interventional psychiatry treatment across strata. The most common modalities were rTMS, ECT, SGB, DBS, and ketamine. The numbers receiving MST, VNS, MDMA-AP, and psilocybin-AP were too small to report in the micropolitan or rural cells. Micropolitan and rural patients had lower odds of receiving rTMS, ECT, SGB, DBS, and ketamine than urban patients. The largest disparities were for rTMS and ketamine.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>There appear to be rural-urban disparities in the emerging field of interventional psychiatry, and the disparities are most pronounced for treatments that require repeated in-person visits such as rTMS and ketamine.</p>","PeriodicalId":74746,"journal":{"name":"Rural mental health","volume":"50 2","pages":"75-85"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13245582/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148213675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rural mental healthPub Date : 2026-01-01Epub Date: 2025-12-01DOI: 10.1037/rmh0000326
Noah S Triplett, Sophia Nahabedian, Hasan Mirzoyev, Lucy Liu, Rashed AlRasheed
{"title":"Challenges Implementing Youth-Focused Evidence-Based Practices in Rural Areas: A Rapid Ethnographic Study.","authors":"Noah S Triplett, Sophia Nahabedian, Hasan Mirzoyev, Lucy Liu, Rashed AlRasheed","doi":"10.1037/rmh0000326","DOIUrl":"10.1037/rmh0000326","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Rural youth face significant mental health challenges, and persistent disparities in access to services exist. Yet, there is limited research on the implementation of evidence-based practices (EBPs) for youth mental health problems in rural community mental health (CMH) centers. This study employed a rapid ethnographic assessment to explore determinants of EBP implementation in a rural CMH agency in the Pacific Northwest. Guided by the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR), we conducted semi-structured interviews with 11 clinic staff and completed site visits to understand the unique contextual factors influencing EBP use. Findings revealed complex challenges in rural mental health service delivery. While respondents generally viewed EBPs positively, they highlighted limitations in traditional EBP models when addressing the multifaceted needs of their high-acuity, socioeconomically disadvantaged client population. Reported barriers included staffing shortages, high clinician burnout, limited local resources, and transportation challenges. Respondents reported offering comprehensive services that extended beyond EBPs to address their clients' challenges. The rural context also significantly impacted EBP implementation, characterized by intergenerational trauma, substance use, and limited community resources. By illuminating the challenges of EBP implementation in rural settings, this research provides critical insights for developing more responsive and comprehensive approaches to supporting EBP implementation and improving rural youth mental health.</p>","PeriodicalId":74746,"journal":{"name":"Rural mental health","volume":"50 1","pages":"62-74"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12826575/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146047445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Associations between Support Gaps and Agricultural Stress.","authors":"Amanda J Holmstrom, Gwyn Shelle","doi":"10.1037/rmh0000281","DOIUrl":"10.1037/rmh0000281","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Farmers experience high levels of stress, which may be alleviated by the receipt of social support. However, people do not always receive the amount of support they desire, potentially resulting in negative consequences. In the present study, we examine associations between U.S. farmers' (<i>N</i> = 130) experiences of informational and emotional support gaps and dimensions of perceived stress related to their occupation. Gaps in informational support were positively associated with farmers' reports of general perceived stress as well as stress due to time pressures. Emotional support gaps were negatively associated with stress due to economic and climatic conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":74746,"journal":{"name":"Rural mental health","volume":"49 2","pages":"134-141"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12416383/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145031371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rural mental healthPub Date : 2025-07-01Epub Date: 2025-04-14DOI: 10.1037/rmh0000299
Anna K Radin, Zihan Zheng, Jenny Shaw, Siobhan P Brown, Elizabeth McCue, Tara Fouts, Anton Skeie, Cecelia Peña, Jonathan Youell, Hilary Flint, Amelia Doty-Jones, Jacob Wilson, Kwun C G Chan, Martina Fruhbauerova, Michael Walton, Katherine Anne Comtois
{"title":"Sociodemographic Factors and Mental Health in Health Care Professionals and Patients During COVID-19.","authors":"Anna K Radin, Zihan Zheng, Jenny Shaw, Siobhan P Brown, Elizabeth McCue, Tara Fouts, Anton Skeie, Cecelia Peña, Jonathan Youell, Hilary Flint, Amelia Doty-Jones, Jacob Wilson, Kwun C G Chan, Martina Fruhbauerova, Michael Walton, Katherine Anne Comtois","doi":"10.1037/rmh0000299","DOIUrl":"10.1037/rmh0000299","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The COVID-19 pandemic worsened mental health. This study aimed to: (1) measure the prevalence of loneliness, anxiety, depression, suicidal ideation or behavior, and stress in primary care patients, and physicians, healthcare providers, and healthcare staff; and (2) measure the association of socio-demographic and employment characteristics with mental health measures. A cross-sectional survey measured the prevalence of mental health outcomes in healthcare providers and staff and primary care patients in Idaho during the COVID-19 pandemic from January 18 - July 7, 2021. Descriptive statistics and multivariate linear regression models with robust standard errors were used to assess the association between mental health measures and demographic characteristics, employment status, healthcare occupation type, financial security, and local COVID-19 hospitalizations. Each outcome was modeled separately. 3,646 participants completed the survey, including 1,687 patients and 1,959 healthcare providers and staff. Participants were 73.5% female, 92.5% White, and 6.6% Hispanic, with a mean age of 46.8 (SD: 15.6). Overall, 32.2% of patients and 29% of healthcare providers and staff reported moderate to high levels of at least one measure of mental distress. Male sex, older age, larger household size, not caring for dependents, being a healthcare provider or staff, and being financially secure were associated with better mental health conditions, with financial security being the association of largest magnitude. Understanding which sociodemographic factors were associated with disproportionate adverse mental health outcomes from COVID-19 may inform how mental health support is prioritized in future public health emergencies.</p>","PeriodicalId":74746,"journal":{"name":"Rural mental health","volume":"49 3","pages":"288-303"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12456348/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145138936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rural mental healthPub Date : 2025-07-01Epub Date: 2025-04-21DOI: 10.1037/rmh0000303
Jeanne M Ward, John R Blosnich
{"title":"Seasonal and Sociodemographic Factors Associated With Farmer Suicide: National Violent Death Reporting System 2014-2021.","authors":"Jeanne M Ward, John R Blosnich","doi":"10.1037/rmh0000303","DOIUrl":"10.1037/rmh0000303","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Farmers are disproportionately affected by suicide, necessitating culturally appropriate interventions. This analysis sought to identify factors related to suicides among United States farmers and farm workers from 2014-2021 and examine seasonality trends compared to those in the general population. Data from the National Violent Death Resources System (NVDRS) Restricted Access Database were used. Bivariate statistics and logistic regression investigated correlates (month, meteorological season, sex, race/ethnicity, marital status, education level, stressors, and age) predicting farmer versus nonfarmer suicides. After filtering occupation codes and death dates, 3,410 farming and 207,501 nonfarming individuals were included. In unadjusted models, farmer decedents were significantly more likely than nonfarmers to be older, male, White, and married or in a domestic partnership or civil union, with lower educational attainment. Spring and summer showed the highest prevalence of suicide among both groups. In unadjusted models, farmers were significantly more likely to have experienced a physical health problem but not more likely than nonfarmers to have experienced a financial stressor. In adjusted models, meteorological season, month of death, and physical or financial problems were not significant predictors for farmer versus nonfarmer suicide, but age, race, marital status, sex, and education level were. The peak of suicides in warmer seasons and socio-demographic differences are consistent with previous findings. Financial stressors were no different than those of the general population, suggesting farmers require coping strategies beyond financial ones. The findings provide implications for future research and public health interventions aimed at reducing farmer suicide, especially the timing.</p>","PeriodicalId":74746,"journal":{"name":"Rural mental health","volume":"49 3","pages":"166-176"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12306197/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144755334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Samantha J Reznik, Bess Friedman, Maria Monroe-DeVita, Stephania L Hayes, Molly Lopez
{"title":"Building the Plane as We Fly: Considerations for Scaling Out Coordinated Specialty Care for Early Psychosis in the Rural United States.","authors":"Samantha J Reznik, Bess Friedman, Maria Monroe-DeVita, Stephania L Hayes, Molly Lopez","doi":"10.1037/rmh0000307","DOIUrl":"10.1037/rmh0000307","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Coordinated Specialty Care (CSC) programs for early psychosis (EP) have expanded rapidly in the United States (US) in recent years due to evidence supporting early intervention and subsequent federal funding. The majority of CSC programs are located in major urban and surrounding suburban areas, although many states are expanding or planning to expand CSC services to rural and remote areas. Despite ongoing implementation efforts, little is known about effective implementation of CSC in rural and remote communities. The present article uses the \"scale out\" model as a guiding framework to consider how CSC can be implemented in rural areas and describes considerations relevant to infrastructure for rural CSC: defining rurality, priority population, workforce, financing, telehealth, strengths of rural communities, culture and social determinants of health. We then discuss two overarching challenges of: a) integrating alternative bottom-up, community partnership approaches, such as community-based participatory research (CBPR), into the scale out model and b) using the scale out model for an implementation effort that is already underway. We argue that successful rural CSC implementation will involve integrating the scale out model with rigorous CBPR to incorporate theory with real-world needs and learn in real-time from ongoing implementation efforts.</p>","PeriodicalId":74746,"journal":{"name":"Rural mental health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12383233/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144981931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Carrie Henning-Smith, Mary Anne Powell, Laura Farlow
{"title":"Social Well-Being among Rural County Fair Attendees: Results from a Pilot Study.","authors":"Carrie Henning-Smith, Mary Anne Powell, Laura Farlow","doi":"10.1037/rmh0000294","DOIUrl":"10.1037/rmh0000294","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This paper reports on results from a pilot study to assess the feasibility of surveying rural county fair attendees about their social well-being. We collected survey data from attendees at two Midwestern rural county fairs in the summer of 2022 (n=56). The survey included questions on loneliness, social isolation, and social engagement, as well as demographic and health characteristics. We analyzed overall rates of social well-being, as well as differences by age, among respondents from rural areas. Respondents scored 4.8 (out of 9.0) on the UCLA Loneliness Scale, below the threshold for being classified as lonely. Respondents scored 17.2 (out of 30.0) on the Lubben Social Network Scale and identified various forms of social support. The highest rates of loneliness and smallest social networks were observed among younger adults (ages 18-34; n=12), while the best social well-being was among older adults (age 65+; n=9). The most common place for respondents to socialize was a restaurant/coffee shop (60% weekly or more often), followed by private homes (31-38% weekly or more often across own or others' homes). Respondents indicated a variety of barriers to social engagement, such as work schedules for younger adults and transportation for older adults. This survey instrument was successful at illuminating various dimensions of social well-being and engagement among rural residents. The social health of younger adults in rural areas needs more attention, including addressing barriers related to work schedules and financial resources.</p>","PeriodicalId":74746,"journal":{"name":"Rural mental health","volume":"49 2","pages":"114-123"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12355216/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144877129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}