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Cognitive-Communication Rehabilitation after Brain Injuries. 脑损伤后认知-沟通康复。
Rhode Island medical journal (2013) Pub Date : 2025-08-01
Joan M Jordan, Jon A Mukand
{"title":"Cognitive-Communication Rehabilitation after Brain Injuries.","authors":"Joan M Jordan, Jon A Mukand","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Speech-language pathologists (SLPs) provide communicative and cognitive rehabilitation for people with brain injuries, and this article describes current assessment and treatment after a brain injury. Cognitive problems can affect attention, concentration, and memory, as well as metacognitive skills to self-monitor, control, and adjust one's thinking. Speech-language pathology (SLP) rehabilitation is initiated in acute inpatient settings and then through a continuum of inpatient rehabilitation, skilled nursing facility, home care, and outpatient settings. Speech-language pathology helps adults with brain injury return to work; sports-related concussion care is provided in school settings. SLPs use assessment tools with normative comparisons to determine severity levels and treatment plans. Patient-centered approaches are used for assessment and treatment plans, to identify specific functional needs that may direct the treatment towards specific functional outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":74738,"journal":{"name":"Rhode Island medical journal (2013)","volume":"108 8","pages":"24-26"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144735953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Glioblastoma: Epidemiology and Imaging-Based Review. 胶质母细胞瘤：流行病学和影像学综述。
Rhode Island medical journal (2013) Pub Date : 2025-08-01
Joseph Madour, Justin Bessette, Joey Z Gu, Erika L Thayer, Heinrich Elinzano, Alessandra J Sax
{"title":"Glioblastoma: Epidemiology and Imaging-Based Review.","authors":"Joseph Madour, Justin Bessette, Joey Z Gu, Erika L Thayer, Heinrich Elinzano, Alessandra J Sax","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Glioblastoma (GBM) is an aggressive brain tumor, commonly occurring in the frontal and temporal lobes. GBM is characterized by low survival rates, high recurrence rates, and unclear risk factors, making management a significant challenge. Anatomic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), including T1-weighted, T2-weighted, and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR), is the gold standard for diagnosis of GBM. These techniques have lower accuracy in evaluating treatment response, as pseudoprogression and radionecrosis can mimic true tumor progression (TrTP). Advanced imaging options that offer physiologic information, such as diffusion- weighted imaging, MR perfusion, MR spectroscopy, and Positron Emission Tomography (PET), have shown promise in aiding diagnosis and treatment response monitoring. The first-line treatment for GBM is maximal safe neurosurgical resection, followed by adjuvant radiotherapy and temozolomide, an oral DNA alkylating agent. Current research is focused on optimizing imaging to evaluate TrTP and developing novel treatments to increase survival rates.</p>","PeriodicalId":74738,"journal":{"name":"Rhode Island medical journal (2013)","volume":"108 8","pages":"50-56"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144735966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Novel Patient Intake Survey for the Diagnosis and Management of Hip Osteoarthritis. 髋关节骨关节炎诊断和治疗的新型患者摄入调查。
Rhode Island medical journal (2013) Pub Date : 2025-08-01
Jonathan Liu, Tucker Callanan, Mohammad Daher, Noah Gilreath, Janine Molino, Thomas Barrett, Eric Cohen, Valentin Antoci
{"title":"Novel Patient Intake Survey for the Diagnosis and Management of Hip Osteoarthritis.","authors":"Jonathan Liu, Tucker Callanan, Mohammad Daher, Noah Gilreath, Janine Molino, Thomas Barrett, Eric Cohen, Valentin Antoci","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Hip osteoarthritis (OA) is a common cause of hip pain in adults and a frequent presentation in primary care, emergency departments, and orthopedic clinics. To improve patient triage and optimize clinical efficiency, we developed a nine-item intake survey designed to assess patient symptoms and prior treatments. This study aimed to evaluate the survey's ability to differentiate hip OA from other hip pathologies and assess its correlation with treatment recommendations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>New patients presenting with hip pain were administered a nine-item multiple choice survey. Each response was assigned a score, and the total cumulative score was recorded. Diagnoses and treatment recommendations, including total hip arthroplasty (THA), were documented. Logistic regression was used to assess associations between the survey scores and both diagnosis and treatment recommendations. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis and Youden's J statistics were applied to determine the optimal survey score threshold for diagnosing hip OA.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The survey effectively distinguished hip osteoarthritis from other hip pathologies based upon cumulative score. ROC analysis identified a total score of ≥9 as the optimal threshold, maximizing sensitivity (83.3%) and specificity (55.9%) for diagnosing hip OA. The positive predictive value for this threshold was 78.6%. Additionally, higher total survey scores were significantly associated with the recommendation for THA.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study demonstrates that a simple nine-item, patient-reported survey can reliably differentiate hip OA from other hip conditions and may assist in guiding treatment decisions. Implementing such tools in primary care, emergency medicine, and orthopedic settings could enhance early diagnosis and streamline referrals.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence: </strong>III.</p>","PeriodicalId":74738,"journal":{"name":"Rhode Island medical journal (2013)","volume":"108 8","pages":"45-49"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144735967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Restoring Function After TBI: A Review of Physical Therapy Strategies for Balance, Gait, and Dual-Task Recovery. 脑外伤后功能恢复：平衡、步态和双任务恢复的物理治疗策略综述。
Rhode Island medical journal (2013) Pub Date : 2025-08-01
Kenneth Vinacco, Nicole Rawnsley, Elizabeth Kolator, Jon A Mukand
{"title":"Restoring Function After TBI: A Review of Physical Therapy Strategies for Balance, Gait, and Dual-Task Recovery.","authors":"Kenneth Vinacco, Nicole Rawnsley, Elizabeth Kolator, Jon A Mukand","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Individuals with moderate to severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) often experience impairments in balance, gait, and dual-task ability, limiting their functional independence and community reintegration. These deficits arise from disruptions across sensory, motor, and cognitive systems, requiring comprehensive physical therapy (PT) assessment and intervention. PT evaluations incorporate strength, coordination, and sensory integration measures using standardized outcome measures such as the Berg Balance Scale, Functional Gait Assessment, and dual-task assessments such as the Timed Up and Go (cognitive). Treatment strategies include high-intensity training, gait and balance training, and vestibular rehabilitation, each targeting specific deficits to promote neuroplasticity and recovery. Technological interventions like the LiteGait®, virtual reality, and the Bioness Integrated Therapy System enhance therapy outcomes by improving safety, cognition, and balance. PTs must address psychosocial barriers and collaborate across disciplines to support holistic recovery. Ongoing evaluation using outcome measures guides treatment progression and readiness for community reintegration, highlighting PT's critical role in restoring functional independence post-TBI.</p>","PeriodicalId":74738,"journal":{"name":"Rhode Island medical journal (2013)","volume":"108 8","pages":"20-23"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144735969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Current Concepts in Neurogenic Heterotopic Ossification. 神经源性异位骨化的最新概念。
Rhode Island medical journal (2013) Pub Date : 2025-08-01
Jonathan Liu, Noah Gilreath, Sydney Rozenfeld, Sandi Caus, Sarah Criddle, Edward J Testa, Andrew Evans
{"title":"Current Concepts in Neurogenic Heterotopic Ossification.","authors":"Jonathan Liu, Noah Gilreath, Sydney Rozenfeld, Sandi Caus, Sarah Criddle, Edward J Testa, Andrew Evans","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Heterotopic ossification (HO) is abnormal bone deposition, most commonly in the hip or elbow, that can significantly impair patients due to pain, stiffness, and contractures, which prevents them from carrying out activities of daily living. A traumatic brain (TBI) or spinal cord injury may prompt the formation of heterotopic ossification, creating so-called neurogenic heterotopic ossification (NHO). The pathophysiology of this condition is not fully understood, but probably involves a complex interplay between a biological scaffold of demineralized bone, CNS signaling, and local tissue signal mediators that often result from trauma. This environment is conducive to HO formation. Diagnosis relies on laboratory testing, plain radiographs, and advanced imaging such as triple phase bone scan or computed tomography scan. Treatment involves medical management with anti-inflammatory drugs, bisphosphonates, radiation therapy, or surgical excision, although outcomes are variable both in regards to prevention and treatment. A mainstay of treatment is physical therapy to maintain range of motion. This paper also presents a case study of a poly-traumatized patient with a TBI and multi-level spinal column injury who developed NHO after acetabular fixation.</p>","PeriodicalId":74738,"journal":{"name":"Rhode Island medical journal (2013)","volume":"108 8","pages":"27-31"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144735955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Common Sequelae of Severe Traumatic Brain Injury: A Case Report. 重型颅脑外伤常见后遗症1例。
Rhode Island medical journal (2013) Pub Date : 2025-08-01
Stephan P Pirnie
{"title":"Common Sequelae of Severe Traumatic Brain Injury: A Case Report.","authors":"Stephan P Pirnie","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Severe traumatic brain injuries (TBI) are caused by external forces that damage brain tissue and result in prolonged cognitive, sensory and motor deficits. This case report highlights the neurocognitive, motor, and sensory results of severe traumatic brain injury as well as several sequelae that often complicate TBI.</p>","PeriodicalId":74738,"journal":{"name":"Rhode Island medical journal (2013)","volume":"108 8","pages":"13-15"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144735954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
An Orthopedic Perspective on the Management of Spasticity. 痉挛治疗的骨科观点。
Rhode Island medical journal (2013) Pub Date : 2025-08-01
Mary Lou, Ashley Knebel, Jacob Eberson, Craig P Eberson
{"title":"An Orthopedic Perspective on the Management of Spasticity.","authors":"Mary Lou, Ashley Knebel, Jacob Eberson, Craig P Eberson","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Neurologic conditions such as brain injuries, cerebral palsy, stroke and multiple sclerosis involve injury of upper motor neurons, which can manifest as spasticity. The resulting hypertonicity and imbalance of forces between muscle groups leads to deformities that impair patient function and can cause significant long-term complications. Symptoms of spasticity can be managed with nonoperative techniques such as physiotherapy, bracing, or medications. Other approaches such as intrathecal baclofen pumps and selective dorsal rhizotomy have also demonstrated efficacy in controlling spasticity. Spasticity that has failed nonoperative management can be treated with orthopedic surgeries that correct deformities by either restoring joint anatomy or re-balancing the forces of spastic muscle groups. Improved mobility and reduced pain after these procedures can help patients with their rehabilitation, function, and independence.</p>","PeriodicalId":74738,"journal":{"name":"Rhode Island medical journal (2013)","volume":"108 8","pages":"32-37"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144735952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Evaluation of the Mental Health Temperature of Rhode Island Emergency Medical Services (EMS). 罗德岛州紧急医疗服务中心（EMS）心理健康温度评估
Rhode Island medical journal (2013) Pub Date : 2025-08-01
Katelin M Ferreira, Megan Umbriano, Eric Rossmeisl, Jason M Rhodes, Kenneth A Williams
{"title":"Evaluation of the Mental Health Temperature of Rhode Island Emergency Medical Services (EMS).","authors":"Katelin M Ferreira, Megan Umbriano, Eric Rossmeisl, Jason M Rhodes, Kenneth A Williams","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mental health among first responders is often impacted by repeated exposure to stressors and traumatic events. As a result, Emergency Medical Services (EMS) professionals have a higher risk of suicide than the general public.1 With each state having different EMS cultures and operations, the Rhode Island Department of Health (RIDOH) Center for EMS identified a need to assess the mental health of EMS professionals in Rhode Island. A survey was distributed to EMS professionals in Rhode Island to evaluate their mental health and identify demographic gaps, as well as assess the risk of suicide for EMS professionals. Survey results provided evidence of concerning mental health among first responders in Rhode Island, with 15.4 percent of responders reporting suicidal ideation in the past 12 months. The results suggest that increased programming to provide resources and awareness is necessary to improve mental health and ensure the longevity of EMS professionals' careers.</p>","PeriodicalId":74738,"journal":{"name":"Rhode Island medical journal (2013)","volume":"108 8","pages":"39-44"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144735965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Management of Benign Symptomatic Thyroid Nodules in Rhode Island Using Radiofrequency Ablation. 罗德岛使用射频消融术治疗良性症状性甲状腺结节。
Rhode Island medical journal (2013) Pub Date : 2025-07-01
Nina S Li, Sonia Giyanani, DaeHee Kim, Steve Kwon, John Lee
{"title":"Management of Benign Symptomatic Thyroid Nodules in Rhode Island Using Radiofrequency Ablation.","authors":"Nina S Li, Sonia Giyanani, DaeHee Kim, Steve Kwon, John Lee","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The management of benign symptomatic thyroid nodules can pose a challenge when weighing treatment options. While surgical resection has been the gold standard, the risks and consequences of partial or total thyroidectomy may outweigh the benefits of the procedure. Additionally, a significant number of patients are not surgical candidates due to comorbidities, potential risks, or personal preference. Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) has emerged as a minimally invasive, low-risk alternative to traditional surgery, and it has demonstrated to have high efficacy in nodule volume reduction, symptom resolution, and cosmetic improvement. Hence, the use of RFA for treatment of benign thyroid nodules has been supported by both international and national professional groups. This paper hopes to promote the use of RFA for treatment of benign solid thyroid nodules in the Rhode Island population as well as outline its potential clinical application.</p>","PeriodicalId":74738,"journal":{"name":"Rhode Island medical journal (2013)","volume":"108 7","pages":"29-33"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144499787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Novel Utilization of Revision Cones for Femoral Condyle Lysis in Revision Total Knee Arthroplasty. 股骨髁松解在全膝关节翻修术中的新应用。
Rhode Island medical journal (2013) Pub Date : 2025-06-02
Noah Gilreath, Sandi Caus, Jonathan Liu, Thomas Barrett, Eric Cohen
{"title":"Novel Utilization of Revision Cones for Femoral Condyle Lysis in Revision Total Knee Arthroplasty.","authors":"Noah Gilreath, Sandi Caus, Jonathan Liu, Thomas Barrett, Eric Cohen","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Significant bone loss is a major challenge in revision total knee arthroplasties (TKAs), especially with large femoral condylar defects. Restoring the metaphyseal-diaphyseal junction and central bone loss is critical for stability and reducing risk of component loosening. We describe a novel technique that uses a helical burr to modify porous metal cones intraoperatively, creating a custom fit without impinging on the femoral component. This approach promoted reliable osseointegration and stability in two patients with femoral condyle osteolysis. Additionally, we present a review of data demonstrating the success of metal cones in achieving osseointegration and decreased instability. Early findings suggest that intraoperative cone sizing and custom modification is a reliable technique for optimizing outcomes in the setting of femoral bone loss in revision TKA.</p>","PeriodicalId":74738,"journal":{"name":"Rhode Island medical journal (2013)","volume":"108 6","pages":"49-53"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144176085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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