Robert A MacLachlan, Ralph L Hollis, Branislav Jaramaz, Cameron N Riviere, Joseph N Martel, Kenneth L Urish
{"title":"Multirate Kalman Filter Rejects Impulse Noise in Frequency-Domain-Multiplexed Tracker Measurements.","authors":"Robert A MacLachlan, Ralph L Hollis, Branislav Jaramaz, Cameron N Riviere, Joseph N Martel, Kenneth L Urish","doi":"10.1109/ICSENS.2017.8234073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSENS.2017.8234073","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Frequency domain multiplexing (FDM) is a useful for making multiple measurements simultaneously, such as in optical and electromagnetic position trackers. Much interference is periodic (e.g., AC power harmonics), and is rejected well by FDM, but impulse disturbances are also common. Impulses corrupt the entire spectrum for a short period, and are better rejected in the time domain. Nonlinear blanking is a simple way to suppress impulses, but cannot be easily realized when the required dynamic range is large, and problematic noise may be far smaller than the signal. The described multi-rate Kalman filter upsamples the prediction to the input rate so that impulse departures from the predicted signal are easily detected and blanked out. Also, noise levels in unused adjacent channels are used to estimate measurement noise so that the Kalman filter adapts more slowly when noise is high, keeping output noise roughly constant even in the presence of longer noise bursts.</p>","PeriodicalId":74503,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of IEEE Sensors. IEEE International Conference on Sensors","volume":"2017 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1109/ICSENS.2017.8234073","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36432158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Viswam Vijay, Bounik Raziyeh, Shadmani Amir, Dragas Jelena, Boos Julia Alicia, Birchler Axel, Müller Jan, Chen Yihui, Hierlemann Andreas
{"title":"High-density CMOS Microelectrode Array System for Impedance Spectroscopy and Imaging of Biological Cells.","authors":"Viswam Vijay, Bounik Raziyeh, Shadmani Amir, Dragas Jelena, Boos Julia Alicia, Birchler Axel, Müller Jan, Chen Yihui, Hierlemann Andreas","doi":"10.1109/ICSENS.2016.7808761","DOIUrl":"10.1109/ICSENS.2016.7808761","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A monolithic measurement platform was implemented to enable label-free in-vitro electrical impedance spectroscopy measurements of cells on multi-functional CMOS microelectrode array. The array includes 59,760 platinum microelectrodes, densely packed within a 4.5 mm × 2.5 mm sensing region at a pitch of 13.5 μm. The 32 on-chip lock-in amplifiers can be used to measure the impedance of any arbitrarily chosen electrodes on the array by applying a sinusoidal voltage, generated by an on-chip waveform generator with a frequency range from 1 Hz to 1 MHz, and measuring the respective current. Proof-of-concept measurements of impedance sensing and imaging are shown in this paper. Correlations between cell detection through optical microscopy and electrochemical impedance scanning were established.</p>","PeriodicalId":74503,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of IEEE Sensors. IEEE International Conference on Sensors","volume":"2016 ","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1109/ICSENS.2016.7808761","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36115339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Steve Majerus, Anisha S Basu, Iryna Makovey, Peng Wang, Hui Zhui, Christian Zorman, Wen Ko, Margot S Damaser
{"title":"Wireless Bladder Pressure Monitor for Closed-Loop Bladder Neuromodulation.","authors":"Steve Majerus, Anisha S Basu, Iryna Makovey, Peng Wang, Hui Zhui, Christian Zorman, Wen Ko, Margot S Damaser","doi":"10.1109/ICSENS.2016.7808967","DOIUrl":"10.1109/ICSENS.2016.7808967","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Conditional neuromodulation is a form of closed-loop bladder control where neurostimulation is applied in reaction to bladder pressure changes. Current methods based on external catheters have limited utility for chronic ambulatory therapy. We have developed a wireless pressure monitor to provide real-time, catheter-free detection of bladder contractions. The device is sized for chronic implantation in the bladder muscle. The pressure monitor consists of an ultra-low-power application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), micro-electro-mechanical (MEMS) pressure sensor, RF antennas, and rechargeable battery. Here we describe an overview of the system, including chronic in vivo test data of a non-hermetic polymer sensor package and chronic testing of the wireless sensor in large animal models. Test results show that the packaging method is viable for chronic encapsulation of implanted pressure sensors. Chronic testing of the pressure monitor revealed some obstacles relating to the chosen implant site within the bladder wall. However, chronic wireless device function was confirmed and data quality was sufficient to detect bladder compressions in large animals, with average correlation coefficient of 0.90.</p>","PeriodicalId":74503,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of IEEE Sensors. IEEE International Conference on Sensors","volume":"2016 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8130894/pdf/nihms-1690192.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39000530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Robert A MacLachlan, Nicholas Parody, Shohin Mukherjee, Ralph Hollis, Cameron N Riviere
{"title":"Electromagnetic Tracker for Active Handheld Robotic Systems.","authors":"Robert A MacLachlan, Nicholas Parody, Shohin Mukherjee, Ralph Hollis, Cameron N Riviere","doi":"10.1109/ICSENS.2016.7808415","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSENS.2016.7808415","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes recent work in the development of the In-Loop Electromagnetic Tracker (ILEMT), designed to meet the demanding latency and resolution requirements for active stabilization of hand motion during precision manipulations such as microsurgery. The prototype surpasses the fastest commercial EM trackers by > 4x in root bandwidth/resolution and 2x in latency. The use of two widely spaced carrier frequencies (e.g., 300 Hz and 10 kHz) enables a particularly simple way of reducing the eddy-current interference caused by nonferrous metals present in the workspace. Previously, metal compatibility has only been achieved at a large cost to measurement speed.","PeriodicalId":74503,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of IEEE Sensors. IEEE International Conference on Sensors","volume":"2016 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1109/ICSENS.2016.7808415","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35999923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"FBG-Based Transverse and Axial Force-Sensing Micro-Forceps for Retinal Microsurgery.","authors":"Berk Gonenc, Iulian Iordachita","doi":"10.1109/ICSENS.2016.7808628","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSENS.2016.7808628","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Retinal microsurgery routinely requires the manipulation of extremely delicate tissues. Membrane peeling is a prototypical task where a layer of fibrous tissue is delaminated off the retina with a micro-forceps by applying very fine forces that are mostly imperceptible to the surgeon. Previously we developed sensitized ophthalmic surgery tools that can precisely detect the transverse forces at the instrument's tip via integrated fiber Bragg grating strain sensors. This paper presents a new design that employs an additional sensor to capture also the tensile force along the tool axis which can be significant in membrane peeling. We investigate two distinct fitting methods to compute the transverse and axial forces based on sensor outputs. Validation with random samples shows that the linear method closely predicts the transverse force but does not provide sufficient accuracy in computing the axial load. Our nonlinear method resolves this problem, providing a more consistent and accurate measurement of both the transverse and axial forces.</p>","PeriodicalId":74503,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of IEEE Sensors. IEEE International Conference on Sensors","volume":"2016 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1109/ICSENS.2016.7808628","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36432161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hao Xi, Meng-Chien Lu, Xiaoshi Qian, Q M Zhang, Sebastian Rupprecht, Qing X Yang
{"title":"An Ultrasensitive Magnetoelectric Sensor System For the Quantitative Detection of Liver Iron.","authors":"Hao Xi, Meng-Chien Lu, Xiaoshi Qian, Q M Zhang, Sebastian Rupprecht, Qing X Yang","doi":"10.1109/ICSENS.2016.7808778","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSENS.2016.7808778","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ultrasensitive magnetoelectric (ME) sensors have been developed using magnetostrictive/piezoelectric laminate heterostructures. This paper discusses a highly interdisciplinary design of a room temperature biomagnetic liver susceptometry system (BLS) based on the ME sensors. The ME-sensor based BLS maintains the ultrahigh sensitivity to detect the weak AC biomagnetic signals and introduces a low equivalent magnetic noise. The results reveal a \"turning point\" and successfully indicate the output signals to be linearly responsive to iron concentrations from normal iron level (0.05 mg<sub>Fe</sub>/g<sub>liver phantom</sub>) to 5 mg<sub>Fe</sub>/g<sub>liver phantom</sub> iron overload level (100X overdose). Further, the introduction of the water-bag technique shows the promise on the automatic deduction of the background (tissue) signal, enabling an even higher sensitivity and better signal-to-noise (SNR). With these improvements, it becomes feasible to get improved characterization flexibility and the field distribution mapping potential via signal processing from the correlations of multiple sensors in the system. Considering the wide presence of biomagnetic signals in human organs, the potential impact of such biomagnetic devices on medicine and health care could be enormous and far-reaching.</p>","PeriodicalId":74503,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of IEEE Sensors. IEEE International Conference on Sensors","volume":"2016 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1109/ICSENS.2016.7808778","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36136606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Optimization of Metglas 2605SA1 and PZT-5A Magnetoelectric Laminates for Magnetic Sensing Applications.","authors":"Eugene Freeman, Joshua Harper, Nishit Goel, Steven J Schiff, Srinivas Tadigadapa","doi":"10.1109/ICSENS.2016.7808845","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSENS.2016.7808845","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Via optimization of the mechanical coupling, alignment of Metglas<sup>®</sup> magnetic domains, relief of residual stress, and operation of the PZT-5A under a DC electric field of 2 kV/cm an unprecedented magnetoelectric voltage coefficient of 9.52 V/cm-Oe is achieved; resulting to a magnetic field sensitivity of 150 pT at 20 Hz for a d31 Metglas<sup>®</sup>/PZT-5A laminate. Mechanical coupling is improved by reducing the thickness and porosity of the epoxy. The Metglas<sup>®</sup> residual stress reduction and easy axis alignment is accomplished by a 30 minute 400 °C anneal under a 1600 Oe magnetic field in vacuum. Finally, a DC electric field bias is applied to increase the <i>d</i> <sub><i>31</i></sub> coefficient of the PZT-5A piezoelectric.</p>","PeriodicalId":74503,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of IEEE Sensors. IEEE International Conference on Sensors","volume":"2016 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1109/ICSENS.2016.7808845","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37248205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Berk Gonenc, Peter Gehlbach, James Handa, Russell H Taylor, Iulian Iordachita
{"title":"Force-Sensing Microneedle for Assisted Retinal Vein Cannulation*","authors":"Berk Gonenc, Peter Gehlbach, James Handa, Russell H Taylor, Iulian Iordachita","doi":"10.1109/ICSENS.2014.6985095","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSENS.2014.6985095","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Retinal vein cannulation (RVC) is a challenging procedure proposed for drug delivery into the very small retinal veins. The available glass cannulas for this procedure are both hard to visualize and fragile thereby limiting the feasibility of both robot-assisted and manual RVC approaches. In this study, we develop and test a new force-sensing RVC instrument that can be easily integrated with the existing manual and robotic devices. The tool enables (1) the measurement of the forces required for puncturing retinal veins <i>in vivo</i> and (2) an assistive method to inform the operator of the needle piercing the vessel wall. The fiber Bragg grating based sensor can be inserted into the eye through a small (∅ 0.9 mm) opening and provides a quantitative assessment at the tool tip with a resolution smaller than 0.25 mN. Assessment of forces during vessel penetration in the chorioallantoic membranes of chicken embryos have revealed a consistent sharp drop in tool tip force upon vessel puncture that has been used as a signature to provide auditory feedback to the user to stop needle advancement and begin drug delivery.</p>","PeriodicalId":74503,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of IEEE Sensors. IEEE International Conference on Sensors","volume":"2014 ","pages":"698-701"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1109/ICSENS.2014.6985095","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32967373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Utilizing Tactile Feedback for Biomimetic Grasping Control in Upper Limb Prostheses.","authors":"Luke Osborn, Nitish V Thakor, Rahul Kaliki","doi":"10.1109/icsens.2013.6688445","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icsens.2013.6688445","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A biomimetic system for enhancing the control and reliability of grasping with prosthetic hands was designed and experimentally evaluated. Barometric pressure sensors as well as a force-sensitive resistor (FSR) were placed on a prosthetic hand to provide valuable tactile feedback. Contact and slip detection grip control algorithms were developed to interpret force signals for enhancing stable grasping. Recent advances in radio-frequency identification (RFID) technology enable the amputee to select between grip control strategies based on the desired object to be grasped. Experimental results indicate that the control algorithms are capable of utilizing real-time force responses to detect object contact as well as slip. By allowing the user to act as a high-level controller with RFID technology, a multi-faceted low-level controller that responds to tactile feedback can be developed for enhancing grasping functionality in prosthetic hands.</p>","PeriodicalId":74503,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of IEEE Sensors. IEEE International Conference on Sensors","volume":"2013 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1109/icsens.2013.6688445","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39018857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Weijian Shang, Hao Su, Gang Li, Cosme Furlong, Gregory S Fischer
{"title":"A Fabry-Perot Interferometry Based MRI-Compatible Miniature Uniaxial Force Sensor for Percutaneous Needle Placement.","authors":"Weijian Shang, Hao Su, Gang Li, Cosme Furlong, Gregory S Fischer","doi":"10.1109/ICSENS.2013.6688137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSENS.2013.6688137","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Robot-assisted surgical procedures, taking advantage of the high soft tissue contrast and real-time imaging of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), are developing rapidly. However, it is crucial to maintain tactile force feedback in MRI-guided needle-based procedures. This paper presents a Fabry-Perot interference (FPI) based system of an MRI-compatible fiber optic sensor which has been integrated into a piezoelectrically actuated robot for prostate cancer biopsy and brachytherapy in 3T MRI scanner. The opto-electronic sensing system design was minimized to fit inside an MRI-compatible robot controller enclosure. A flexure mechanism was designed that integrates the FPI sensor fiber for measuring needle insertion force, and finite element analysis was performed for optimizing the correct force-deformation relationship. The compact, low-cost FPI sensing system was integrated into the robot and calibration was conducted. The root mean square (RMS) error of the calibration among the range of 0-10 Newton was 0.318 Newton comparing to the theoretical model which has been proven sufficient for robot control and teleoperation.</p>","PeriodicalId":74503,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of IEEE Sensors. IEEE International Conference on Sensors","volume":"2013 ","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1109/ICSENS.2013.6688137","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32587860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}