Personality disorders最新文献

{"title":"Emotion dysregulation in young people with borderline personality disorder: One pattern or distinct subgroups?","authors":"Anouk Aleva,&nbsp;Jennifer K Betts,&nbsp;Sue M Cotton,&nbsp;Odilia M Laceulle,&nbsp;Christel J Hessels,&nbsp;Marcel A G van Aken,&nbsp;Katie Nicol,&nbsp;Andrew M Chanen","doi":"10.1037/per0000617","DOIUrl":"10.1037/per0000617","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Emotion dysregulation is a key feature of borderline personality disorder (BPD). Given the heterogeneity of BPD and emotion regulation, this study sought to define subgroups among a sample of young people with BPD based on their pattern of emotion regulation abilities. Baseline data from the Monitoring Outcomes of BPD in Youth (MOBY) clinical trial were used, in which 137 young people (<i>M</i>_age = 19.1, <i>SD</i>_age = 2.8; 81% female) completed the self-report Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS), as a measure of emotion regulation abilities. Latent profile analysis (LPA) was conducted to identify subgroups, based upon response patterns on the six DERS subscales. Subsequent analysis of variance and logistic regression models were used to characterize the identified subgroups. LPA revealed three subgroups. A \"low and unaware\" (<i>n</i> = 22) subgroup, reporting the least emotion dysregulation, apart from high emotional unawareness. A \"moderate and accepting\" subgroup (<i>n</i> = 59), reporting high emotional acceptance within its own pattern, and moderate emotion dysregulation compared with the other subgroups. A \"high and aware\" subgroup (<i>n</i> = 56), reporting the highest level of emotion dysregulation, but with high emotional awareness. Some demographic, psychopathology, and functioning characteristics were associated with subgroup membership. The identification of distinct subgroups highlights the importance of considering the level of emotional awareness in the context of other regulatory abilities and suggests that therapies should not take a \"one-size-fits-all\" approach to emotion dysregulation. Future research should seek to replicate the identified subgroups given the relatively small sample size in the current study. In addition, examining the stability of subgroup membership and the influence upon treatment outcome will be interesting avenues for further exploration. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":74420,"journal":{"name":"Personality disorders","volume":"14 5","pages":"567-578"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10096651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Revisiting the ego-syntonic assumption: Investigating neuroticism and harmony with thoughts of negative emotions.","authors":"William Hart,&nbsp;Charlotte K Cease,&nbsp;Joshua T Lambert,&nbsp;Danielle E Witt","doi":"10.1037/per0000620","DOIUrl":"10.1037/per0000620","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>It has been assumed that personality disorders or constituent traits are ego-syntonic, but studies that have addressed this claim have revealed ego-dystonicity. Across three studies (two preregistered), we addressed some methodological weaknesses in these past studies that may conceal ego-syntonicity. Participants (total <i>N</i> = 1,331) completed measures of neuroticism and then imagined experiences that predominantly induced either fear, sadness, or anger (Studies 1 and 2) or recalled past experiences that predominantly elicited each emotion (Study 3). Subsequently, participants judged their emotional reactions on the two ego-syntonicity dimensions of (a) consonance with the self and (b) acceptance (evaluation). Across the studies, neuroticism generally had positive and about moderate-sized relations to consonance judgments and between trivial-sized and small-sized relations to acceptance judgments that were most often positive (Studies 1 and 2) but sometimes negative (Study 3); mean-level analyses suggested that people with relatively higher neuroticism indicated their emotional experiences were, most often, somewhat consonant with the self and acceptable. Regardless, in Study 3, the sample, including those relatively higher in neuroticism, indicated their recalled emotions were too extreme. Broadly, the data suggest that people relatively higher (vs. lower) in neuroticism may regard their contextualized negative emotion as more consonant with the self but not necessarily as more acceptable. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":74420,"journal":{"name":"Personality disorders","volume":"14 5","pages":"501-511"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10098701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Subtypes of borderline personality disorder in a day-clinic setting-Clinical and therapeutic differences.","authors":"Katharina Wolf,&nbsp;Janine Scharoba,&nbsp;René Noack,&nbsp;Andrea Keller,&nbsp;Kerstin Weidner","doi":"10.1037/per0000624","DOIUrl":"10.1037/per0000624","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This preliminary study aims at extending existing empirical evidence on subtypes of borderline personality disorders (BPDs) by identifying subtypes among patients with BPD, comparing their characteristics to the trait domains of the dimensional model of the International Classification of Diseases, 11th Revision (ICD-11; World Health Organization [WHO], 2022), and examining differences in sociodemographic, clinical, and therapeutic outcome variables. Data of <i>N</i> = 109 patients were subjected to cluster analysis based on the International Personality Disorder Examination variables for BPD and analyzed regarding differences in clinical and therapeutic variables. Clustering suggested a three-cluster solution, namely, <i>internalizing</i> (<i>n</i> = 35), <i>externalizing</i> (<i>n</i> = 28), and <i>mixed</i> subtype (<i>n</i> = 46). Subtypes showed differences in clinical variables and therapeutic outcomes with the <i>internalizing</i> showing more affective disorders and the <i>mixed</i> subtype showing the lowest therapeutic change in borderline-specific symptoms. Together, the present results correspond to the model of the ICD-11 (WHO, 2022). Clinical and treatment implications are being discussed. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":74420,"journal":{"name":"Personality disorders","volume":"14 5","pages":"555-566"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10099864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"No impaired integration in psychopathy: Evidence from an illusory conjunction paradigm.","authors":"Lukas J Gunschera,&nbsp;Bruno Verschuere,&nbsp;Robin A Murphy,&nbsp;Alexander Temple-McCune,&nbsp;Kevin Dutton,&nbsp;Elaine Fox","doi":"10.1037/per0000619","DOIUrl":"10.1037/per0000619","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Progress in psychopathy research has been hampered by ongoing contention about its fundamental cause. The Impaired Integration theory of psychopathy provides an attention-based account of information integration abnormalities. We set out to evaluate the suggested mechanism via an innovative application of the well-established illusory conjunction paradigm. Two hundred participants were recruited by utilizing a psychopathic-trait-maximization technique, sampling individuals from an ex-prisoner and a population sample. We found no support for information integration deficits in psychopathic individuals (BF₁₀ = 0.156), and the absence of a relationship between psychopathic traits and illusory conjunctions remained when accounting for confounding variables. These findings question the mechanism proposed by the Impaired Integration theory and pave the way for future research to advance our understanding of psychopathic trait etiology by assessing specific and falsifiable mechanisms thought to bring about the observed cognitive and behavioral deficits. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":74420,"journal":{"name":"Personality disorders","volume":"14 5","pages":"479-489"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10099981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Age and sex differences of the PID-5-100 maladaptive personality traits throughout adulthood.","authors":"Jasmine Vergauwe,&nbsp;Victor Rouco,&nbsp;Raissa Franssens,&nbsp;Laurence Claes,&nbsp;Tim Bastiaens,&nbsp;Barbara De Clercq","doi":"10.1037/per0000622","DOIUrl":"10.1037/per0000622","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this cross-sectional study including a heterogeneous Belgian community sample of adults (<i>N</i> = 1,930), two central questions were addressed pertaining to age differences of self-reported Personality Inventory for DSM-5 (PID-5) maladaptive personality traits: (a) What kind of <i>mean-level</i> changes occur in the PID-5 traits from age 21 to 65? and (b) What kind of <i>variance-level</i> changes occur in the PID-5 traits from age 21 to 65? In exploring these research questions, we also aimed to examine potential sex differences. With regard to latent mean-level age differences of the PID-5 traits, changes across adulthood were overall small to moderate and included a mix of decreasing, flat, and increasing age trends. Regarding the decreasing trends, quadratic regressions showed that the initial downward trend often either stagnated at a certain age, or subtly started increasing again from a certain age onwards. In more than half of the PID-5 traits (15/25), small but significant sex differences were found in the latent mean-level changes across adulthood. In these cases, men tended to score overall higher, except for the negative affectivity facets, on which women tended to score higher. Furthermore, variance stability was found for the majority of the PID-5 personality traits (17/25), indicating that the magnitude of individual differences in PID-5 traits is relatively stable across adulthood. Implications for individual assessment and evaluation of PID-5 scores are discussed. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":74420,"journal":{"name":"Personality disorders","volume":"14 5","pages":"512-526"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10089816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Higher baseline emotion dysregulation predicts treatment dropout in outpatients with borderline personality disorder.","authors":"Jessie N Doyle,&nbsp;MacGillivray M Smith,&nbsp;Margo C Watt,&nbsp;Jacqueline N Cohen,&nbsp;Marie-Eve Couture","doi":"10.1037/per0000627","DOIUrl":"10.1037/per0000627","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Treatment dropout is high among outpatients with borderline personality disorder (BPD) and is associated with myriad negative therapeutic and psychosocial outcomes. Identifying predictors of treatment dropout can inform treatment provision for this population. The present study investigated whether symptom profiles of static and dynamic factors could predict treatment dropout. Treatment-seeking outpatients with BPD (<i>N</i> = 102) completed pre-treatment measures of BPD symptom severity, emotion dysregulation, impulsivity, motivation, self-harm, and attachment style to determine their collective impact on dropout prior to 6 months of treatment. Discriminant function analysis was used to classify group membership (treatment dropout vs. nondropout) but did not produce a statistically significant function. Groups were distinguished by baseline levels of emotion dysregulation with higher dysregulation predicting premature treatment dropout. Clinicians working with outpatients with BPD might benefit from optimizing emotion regulation and distress tolerance strategies earlier in treatment to reduce premature dropout. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":74420,"journal":{"name":"Personality disorders","volume":"14 5","pages":"579-583"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10153804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Supplemental Material for Effects of Borderline Personality Disorder Symptoms on Dialectical Behavior Therapy Outcomes for Eating Disorders","authors":"","doi":"10.1037/per0000641.supp","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/per0000641.supp","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74420,"journal":{"name":"Personality disorders","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43205484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Supplemental Material for Subtypes of Borderline Personality Disorder in a Day-Clinic Setting—Clinical and Therapeutic Differences","authors":"","doi":"10.1037/per0000624.supp","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/per0000624.supp","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74420,"journal":{"name":"Personality disorders","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47716529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Connecting loneliness with pathological personality traits: Evidence for genetic and environmental mediation from a study of older twins.","authors":"Colin D. Freilich, M. McGue, Susan C. South, Glenn I. Roisman, R. Krueger","doi":"10.1037/per0000635.supp","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/per0000635.supp","url":null,"abstract":"Loneliness has broad public health importance, especially in older adulthood, and there is some evidence suggesting it is associated with several personality disorders (PDs). The etiology of these PD-loneliness associations, however, has rarely been studied, especially in the context of the maladaptive traits of the DSM-5 alternative model of personality disorder (AMPD). To address these limitations, we estimated phenotypic, genetic, and unique environmental associations between loneliness and maladaptive personality traits in a sample of older adults from the Minnesota Twin Registry (n = 1,356, Mage = 70.4). Loneliness was moderately to strongly associated with each of the AMPD domains of negative affect, detachment, antagonism, disinhibition, and psychoticism (r = .22-.58), with evidence of both genetic (rg = .45-.75) and unique environmental (re = .10-.48) influences explaining the associations to varying degrees. We argue that loneliness may be an underappreciated concomitant of personality pathology, with PD traits perhaps underlying its development. Indeed, these findings suggest that loneliness may be a manifestation of the genetic and environmental forces that also lead to pathological personality variation. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":74420,"journal":{"name":"Personality disorders","volume":"122 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76621872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Agreement and discrepancies in patient-clinician reports of DSM-5-TR section III maladaptive personality traits: A study on a mixed outpatient sample.","authors":"G. Bottesi, C. Caudek, Anna Malerba, G. Caselli, Gabriella Gallo, Gabriele Melli, Nicola Marsigli, Alessia Offredi, C. Sica","doi":"10.1037/per0000639.supp","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/per0000639.supp","url":null,"abstract":"The assessment of personality pathology based on dimensional models may improve self-other agreement, but previous research mainly adopted a categorical approach and overlooked the role of the person of the therapist. Our study examined patient-clinician agreement in a mixed sample of Italian outpatients using the Personality Inventory for DSM-5 (PID-5) and the PID-5-Informant Form (PID-5-IRF). Moreover, the role of clinician personality traits on agreement was preliminary explored. Sixty-eight outpatients (51.4% male, M = 30.30, SD = 12.05 years) and their treating clinicians (N = 22; 77.3% female, M = 43.77 ± 8.45 years) entered the study. Patients completed the PID-5, whereas clinicians filled-in the PID-5-Brief Form (PID-5-BF) and the PID-5-IRF for each patient they involved. A multilevel Bayesian analysis showed that rank-order agreement was large for domains (mean r = .60) and moderate for facets (mean r = .44). As regards mean-level agreement, patient ratings on cognitive/perceptual dysregulation, distractibility, eccentricity, and emotional lability were higher than clinician ratings, whereas patients' scores on depressivity were lower than clinicians' ones. Scores on the PID-5-BF detachment positively predicted agreement on anhedonia, anxiousness, depressivity, distractibility, separation insecurity, and suspiciousness, while scores on the PID-5-BF negative affectivity, antagonism, and disinhibition negatively predicted agreement on few specific facets. Current findings suggest that clinician personality traits may contribute to agreement on maladaptive personality traits, but areas of discrepancies remain in case of low observable internal ones. Since patient-clinician agreement is crucially involved in therapeutic alliance, further research on this issue is highly encouraged. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":74420,"journal":{"name":"Personality disorders","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90143076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}