PramanaPub Date : 2023-01-31DOI: 10.1007/s12043-022-02502-z
Ting Zhang, Xiao-Yong Wen, Xue-Ke Liu
{"title":"Continuous limit, higher-order rational solutions and relevant dynamical analysis for Belov–Chaltikian lattice equation with 3(times )3 Lax pair","authors":"Ting Zhang, Xiao-Yong Wen, Xue-Ke Liu","doi":"10.1007/s12043-022-02502-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12043-022-02502-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Belov–Chaltikian (BC) lattice equation, which is related to the research of lattice analogues of <i>W</i>-algebras, is under consideration in this work. This equation may be viewed as an extension of the Volterra lattice equation. Firstly, we correspond BC lattice equation to several continuous equations under the continuous limit. Secondly, based on the known <span>(3times 3)</span> matrix form Lax pair of this discrete equation, we construct its discrete generalised <span>((m, 3N-m))</span>-fold Darboux transformation for the first time and successfully popularise this technique from <span>(2times 2)</span> Lax pair to <span>(3times 3)</span> Lax pair. Finally, by applying the resulting Darboux transformation, we get its higher-order rational solutions and analyse their singular trajectories and dynamics using the graphics and limit-state analysis.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":743,"journal":{"name":"Pramana","volume":"97 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"5181016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
PramanaPub Date : 2023-01-27DOI: 10.1007/s12043-022-02496-8
R Mohanasubha, V K Chandrasekar, M Senthilvelan, M Lakshmanan
{"title":"Finding non-local and contact/dynamical symmetries of Riccati chain","authors":"R Mohanasubha, V K Chandrasekar, M Senthilvelan, M Lakshmanan","doi":"10.1007/s12043-022-02496-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12043-022-02496-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this work, we present a new approach to find non-local symmetries and contact symmetries from the admitted Lie point symmetries of the considered system of nonlinear differential equations. By introducing a new function in both the numerator and denominator in the relation which relates the <span>(lambda )</span>-symmetry function and the Lie point symmetry characteristics, we generate non-local symmetries as well as contact symmetries. To do so, we have to define another function <span>(g_3)</span> and then we identify two different cases, where the function <span>(g_3=0)</span> and <span>(g_3 ne 0)</span>. To validate the results, we consider the Ricatti chain as an example and find the non-local and contact symmetries admitted by the first four of the underlying equations. We also find the contact symmetries admitted by the well-known Mathews–Lakshmanan oscillator equation.\u0000</p></div>","PeriodicalId":743,"journal":{"name":"Pramana","volume":"97 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"5045820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
PramanaPub Date : 2023-01-25DOI: 10.1007/s12043-022-02503-y
Alberto K Mathias, Jefta M Sunzu, Sunil D Maharaj, Jason M Mkenyeleye
{"title":"Charged anisotropic model with embedding and a linear equation of state","authors":"Alberto K Mathias, Jefta M Sunzu, Sunil D Maharaj, Jason M Mkenyeleye","doi":"10.1007/s12043-022-02503-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12043-022-02503-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Exact solutions to the Einstein field equations for charged relativistic anisotropic stars are generated. The Karmarkar condition is used with the Einstein–Maxwell field equations and a linear equation of state to investigate various physical properties and behaviour of the compact star. The nonlinear differential equations and the field equations are transformed by adopting the Bannerji and Durgapal transformation. The embedding approach provides a relationship between gravitational potentials that help to solve and integrate the field equations. This enables one to specify one of the gravitational potentials, measure of anisotropy or electric field on a physical basis. In particular, the model is generated using embedding with a linear equation of state. The detailed physical analysis of the results show that the gravitational potentials and matter variables are well behaved. The model satisfies all the necessary physical conditions, such as stability, equilibrium, energy conditions and the mass–radius relationship.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":743,"journal":{"name":"Pramana","volume":"97 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12043-022-02503-y.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4970420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
PramanaPub Date : 2023-01-24DOI: 10.1007/s12043-022-02501-0
Z Yousaf, M Z Bhatti, A Farhat
{"title":"Causes of energy density inhomogenisation with (fmathcal {(G)}) formalism","authors":"Z Yousaf, M Z Bhatti, A Farhat","doi":"10.1007/s12043-022-02501-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12043-022-02501-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Here, we analyse the distribution of self-gravitating collapsing fluid to identify the factors accountable for the energy–density inhomogeneity with the systematic construction in modified Gauss–Bonnet (GB) gravity, by taking the space–time which is spherically symmetric. The modified Einstein’s equations help us to observe the variation in the mass function due to different quantities. The dynamical equations and two differential equations for Weyl curvature are formulated, and used to explore the quantities responsible for the inhomogeneity. Irregularity in the fluid is analysed by taking various cases of fluid, under the effects of <span>(fmathcal {(G)})</span> theory, where <span>({mathcal {G}})</span> is a Gauss–Bonnet term.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":743,"journal":{"name":"Pramana","volume":"97 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12043-022-02501-0.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"5273149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
PramanaPub Date : 2023-01-24DOI: 10.1007/s12043-022-02507-8
R Mohanasubha, M Senthilvelan
{"title":"A study on Darboux polynomials and their significance in determining other integrability quantifiers: A case study in third-order nonlinear ordinary differential equations","authors":"R Mohanasubha, M Senthilvelan","doi":"10.1007/s12043-022-02507-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12043-022-02507-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this paper, we present a method for deriving quantifiers of the extended Prelle–Singer (PS) method using Darboux polynomials for third-order nonlinear ordinary differential equations. By knowing the Darboux polynomials and their co-factors, we extract the extended PS method’s quantities without evaluating the PS method’s determining equations. We consider three different cases of known Darboux polynomials. In the first case, we prove the integrability of the given third-order nonlinear equation by utilising the quantifiers of the PS method from the two known Darboux polynomials. If we know only one Darboux polynomial, then the integrability of the given equation will be dealt as Case 2. Likewise, Case 3 discusses the integrability of the given system where we have two Darboux polynomials and one set of PS method quantity. The established interconnection not only helps in deriving the integrable quantifiers without solving the underlying determining equations, but also provides a way to prove the complete integrability and helps us in deriving the general solution of the given equation. We demonstrate the utility of this procedure with three different examples.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":743,"journal":{"name":"Pramana","volume":"97 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12043-022-02507-8.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"5273148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
PramanaPub Date : 2023-01-13DOI: 10.1007/s12043-022-02504-x
Abhishek Majhi, Gopal Sardar
{"title":"Scientific value of the quantum tests of equivalence principle in light of Hilbert’s sixth problem","authors":"Abhishek Majhi, Gopal Sardar","doi":"10.1007/s12043-022-02504-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12043-022-02504-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In his sixth problem, Hilbert called for an axiomatic approach to theoretical physics with an aim to achieve precision and rigour in scientific reasoning, where logic and language (semantics) of physics play pivotal roles. It is from such a point of view, that we investigate the scientific value of the modern experiments to perform quantum tests of equivalence principle. Determination of Planck constant involves the use of acceleration due to gravity of the Earth (<i>g</i>) that results in the force on a test mass. The equivalence between the inertial mass and gravitational mass of a test object is assumed in the process of logically defining <i>g</i> from the relevant hypotheses of physics. Consequently, if Planck constant is used as input in any experiment (or in the associated theory that finds such an experiment) that is designed to test the equivalence between inertial and gravitational mass, then it is equivalent to establish a scientific truth by implicitly assuming it, i.e. a tautology. There are several notable examples which plague the frontiers of current scientific research which claim to make quantum test of equivalence principle. We question the scientific value of such experiments from Hilbert’s axiomatic point of view. This work adds to the recently reported semantic obstacle in any axiomatic attempt to put ‘quantum’ and ‘gravity’ together, albeit with an experimental tint.\u0000</p></div>","PeriodicalId":743,"journal":{"name":"Pramana","volume":"97 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4829131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Numerical solutions of a time-dependent hydromagnetic micropolar dusty fluid between parallel plates through an inclined channel","authors":"Rajesh Kumar Chandrawat, Varun Joshi, Dharmendra Tripathi, Sadia Sadat","doi":"10.1007/s12043-022-02464-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12043-022-02464-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Numerical simulation of an incompressible micropolar dusty fluid (fluid–particle suspension) is proposed for three types of flows in the inclined channel, i.e., Poiseuille flow, Couette flow and the generalised Couette flow. Although the fluid flow is time-dependent, hydromagnetic and channel walls are parallel to each other. The governing coupled partial differential equations for the flow of non-Newtonian micropolar dusty fluid are formulated in a Cartesian coordinate system and simulated approximately using a modified cubic B-spline differential quadrature method. The effects of ion slip, Hall current, Reynolds number, micropolar material and other important hydrodynamic fluid parameters have been examined on unsteady flow velocity and microrotation characteristics. It is observed that the linear velocity of the fluid and particle rises from the horizontal to the vertical channel, fluids and particle velocities are reduced with increasing Hartmann numbers, whereas they are elevated with increment in the Hall parameter. Findings of the present model can be helpful in various industrial fluid flow applications, particularly in petroleum industries.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":743,"journal":{"name":"Pramana","volume":"97 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4534424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
PramanaPub Date : 2023-01-13DOI: 10.1007/s12043-022-02492-y
S Noori Gashti, J Sadeghi
{"title":"Cosmic evolution in the anisotropic space–time from modified f(R, T) gravity","authors":"S Noori Gashti, J Sadeghi","doi":"10.1007/s12043-022-02492-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12043-022-02492-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In light of an expanded theory of <i>f</i>(<i>R</i>, <i>T</i>) gravity with the matter field as a viscous fluid, this paper evaluated an accelerated cosmology model in the anisotropic space–time. A variable Hubble parameter was used to investigate dynamic parameters concerning red-shift and the effect of the viscous coefficient. By explicitly calculating the energy density using the equations of motion, we examine the variations of these values in terms of red-shift <i>z</i> for different variables. The model is formed by a mathematical method, and the equation of motion parameter shows a quintessence behaviour at the late-time cosmic acceleration. We calculate the other energy conditions, i.e., NEC, WEC and SEC, evaluating their changes with cosmic time. Finally, we compare the quantities with the latest observable data, from the Planck and WMAP7 probes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":743,"journal":{"name":"Pramana","volume":"97 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4540031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
PramanaPub Date : 2023-01-11DOI: 10.1007/s12043-022-02493-x
A Shahzad, W A Khan, R Gul
{"title":"Sensitivity analysis of the nanofluid flow over a stretching flat surface","authors":"A Shahzad, W A Khan, R Gul","doi":"10.1007/s12043-022-02493-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12043-022-02493-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this study, the sensitivity caused by the input parameters, such as Lewis number (<span>(L_e)</span>), thermophoresis parameter (<span>(N_t)</span>) and Brownian motion parameter (<span>(N_b)</span>) of a nanofluid flow past a stretching flat surface is studied using response surface methodology (RSM). The mathematical model is solved using numerical technique and Nusselt and Sherwood numbers are considered as quantities of interest. The involved parameters, such as Lewis number, thermophoresis parameter and Brownian motion parameter, are varied for arbitrary values in the interval. A central composite design is used to obtain the quadratic model for the output, such as Nusselt and Sherwood numbers. It is found that reduced Nusselt number is most sensitive towards the Brownian motion parameter (<span>(N_b)</span>) in the interval <span>(5le L_e le 25)</span>. Sherwood number is sensitive towards thermophoresis parameter in the interval <span>(5le L_e le 25)</span> for fixed Brownian motion parameter (<span>(N_b=0.3)</span>).</p></div>","PeriodicalId":743,"journal":{"name":"Pramana","volume":"97 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12043-022-02493-x.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4460415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
PramanaPub Date : 2023-01-10DOI: 10.1007/s12043-022-02498-6
S E Savotchenko, A N Cherniakov
{"title":"Steady-state diffusion with the smooth step dependence of the diffusion coefficient on concentration","authors":"S E Savotchenko, A N Cherniakov","doi":"10.1007/s12043-022-02498-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12043-022-02498-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The steady-state diffusion processes are investigated theoretically. Exact solutions of one-dimensional steady-state quasi-linear diffusion equation with smooth step dependence of the diffusion coefficient on concentration in various smooth step functions (linear step, exponential step, logistic, power saturation step) are obtained. The proposed theory is applied to describe peculiarities of diffusion-activated recrystallisation at steady-state stage at long times of diffusion annealing. The diffusant concentration monotonically decreases with an increasing depth of diffusant penetration. The smallest penetration depth of the diffusant is the characteristic of the logistic model. The analytical estimations of the diffusion coefficient with known recrystallisation front position are given. The position of recrystallisation front decreases monotonically with an increase in the model parameter, which corresponds to the smoothness of the step and the rate of change of the diffusion coefficient.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":743,"journal":{"name":"Pramana","volume":"97 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12043-022-02498-6.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4420474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}