Non-coding RNA investigation最新文献

{"title":"Towards a universal nomenclature standardization for circular RNAs","authors":"Marina C Costa, F. Enguita","doi":"10.21037/NCRI.2020.03.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/NCRI.2020.03.01","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74314,"journal":{"name":"Non-coding RNA investigation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.21037/NCRI.2020.03.01","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49078808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A new hypoxia-responsive lncRNA in metastatic breast cancer","authors":"J. French, S. Edwards","doi":"10.21037/NCRI.2020.03.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/NCRI.2020.03.03","url":null,"abstract":"© Non-coding RNA Investigation. All rights reserved. Non-coding RNA Investig 2020;4:5 | http://dx.doi.org/10.21037/ncri.2020.03.03 Metastatic breast cancer, refers to the spread of the disease from the breast to other parts of the body, most often to bone, brain, liver or lungs. Despite advances in breast cancer management, most cancer deaths result from metastases that are resistant to systemic therapies (1). Hypoxia (or reduced oxygen availability) is a hallmark of the breast tumor microenvironment and plays an important role in metastatic progression. Breast tumor cells adapt to hypoxia by increasing the activity of the hypoxiainducible transcription factors (HIF1 and HIF2), which regulate the expression of target genes involved in cancer progression (2). Recent studies have implicated long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in hypoxia/HIF-associated breast cancer metastasis, through various mechanisms. Notable examples include the nuclear lncRNA MALAT1 (metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1), which is widely reported as a metastasis-promoting lncRNA, however a recent study provided strong evidence that MALAT1 suppresses breast cancer metastasis through inactivation of the TEAD transcription factor (3). HOTAIR (HOX transcript antisense RNA) is highly expressed in primary breast tumors and metastases and associated with poor prognosis. HOTAIR promotes epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) by recruiting the polycomb repressive complex-2 (PRC2) to epigenetically silence target gene promoters (4). Furthermore, hypoxic induction of NEAT1 (nuclear paraspeckle assembly transcript 1) induces the formation of nuclear structures called paraspeckles and retention of F11R (also known as junctional adhesion molecule 1) mRNA in the nucleus (5). Induction of NEAT1 in hypoxia also leads to hallmarks of increased tumorigenesis including acceleration of tumor cell proliferation and inhibition of apoptosis (5). The recent study by Niu et al. (6), provides another example of a hypoxia-responsive lncRNA involved in metastatic breast cancer. The authors initially used RNAseq to identify an hypoxia-inducible antisense lncRNA, called RAB11B-AS1 from MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells under hypoxic conditions (7). Subsequent ChIP-seq and qPCR showed that HIF2, but not HIF1, was enriched at the RAB11B-AS1 promoter and responsible for hypoxiainduced lncRNA expression. Nui and colleagues then investigated the oncogenic role of RAB11B-AS1 in vitro and in vivo through gainand loss-of function studies. They found ectopic expression of RAB11B-AS1 promoted cell migration and invasion in MDA-MB-231 and SUM159 breast cancer cells, whereas RAB11B-AS1 depletion caused the opposite effect. Orthotopic injection of MDAMB-231 cells, ectopically expressing RAB11B-AS1, into the mammary fat pads of NSG mice, did not affect primary tumor growth, but showed increased expression of the endomucin capillary marker and extensive metastases to the lungs and liver as compared to the con","PeriodicalId":74314,"journal":{"name":"Non-coding RNA investigation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.21037/NCRI.2020.03.03","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47556834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"miR-155 modulates fatty acid accumulation by targeting C/EBPβ in free fatty acid-induced steatosis in HepG2 cells","authors":"Jun Hu, Xiaoming Chen","doi":"10.21037/NCRI.2019.02.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/NCRI.2019.02.03","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The pathogenesis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is not well understood, which has led to unsatisfactory therapeutic solutions. In the present study, we investigated the role of miR-155 in free fatty acid (FFA)-exposed HepG2 cells. Furthermore, we determined the target gene of miR-155 involved in intracellular fatty acid accumulation. \u0000 Methods: HepG2 cells were transfected with miR-155 mimics or inhibitor with or without FFA exposure. miR-155 expression was quantified by quantitative real-time RT-PCR. Intracellular fatty acid accumulation was visualized by Nile red staining, flow cytofluorometric analysis, and fluorescence microscopy. Western blot was used to determine the expression level of the target gene. In addition, functional rescue experiments were performed based on miR-155 inhibitor and siRNAs to the target gene. \u0000 Results: miR-155 level was significantly elevated in HepG2 cells exposed with FFA. Furthermore, inhibition of miR-155 was observed to promote fatty acid accumulation in the absence of FFA in vitro. In addition, overexpression of miR-155 was capable of blunting fatty acid accumulation in the presence of FFA in vitro. CCAAT/enhancer binding protein β (C/EBPβ) was validated as a target gene of miR-155 involved in fatty acid accumulation. Interfering C/EBPβ in HepG2 cells could reverse the promotion effect of miR-155 inhibitor on lipogenesis. \u0000 Conclusions: miR-155 controls fatty acid accumulation by targeting C/EBPβ. Intervention of miR-155/C/EBPβ might be a novel therapeutic strategy for NAFLD.","PeriodicalId":74314,"journal":{"name":"Non-coding RNA investigation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41509272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Therapeutic strategies for targeting non-coding RNAs with special emphasis on novel delivery systems","authors":"R. Awasthi, J. Madan, H. Malipeddi, K. Dua, G. Kulkarni","doi":"10.21037/NCRI.2019.02.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/NCRI.2019.02.02","url":null,"abstract":"Since, the first report on discovery of double helical structure of DNA by James Watson and Francis Crkk (April 1953, Nature), numerous papers have been published reporting function of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs). On the basis of evidence and the expert’s opinion, it is well documented that majority of the human genome encodes RNAs that do not code for proteins. The aim of this communication is to summarize the importance of ncRNAs as regulators of several biological and developmental processes. Finally, this laconic review focuses on the approaches investigated for the delivery of ncRNAs.","PeriodicalId":74314,"journal":{"name":"Non-coding RNA investigation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.21037/NCRI.2019.02.02","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45064758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of the CARE guideline as reporting standard in the Non-coding RNA Investigation","authors":"","doi":"10.21037/ncri.2019.10.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/ncri.2019.10.03","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74314,"journal":{"name":"Non-coding RNA investigation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43142630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Regulatory roles of small RNAs in prokaryotes: parallels and contrast with eukaryotic miRNA","authors":"Derrick Watkins, D. Arya","doi":"10.21037/ncri.2019.10.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/ncri.2019.10.02","url":null,"abstract":"Small non-coding RNAs continue to be identified that regulate the processes of translation and transcription in prokaryotes. A variety of regulatory mechanisms have been characterized by these regulatory RNAs that occur by complementary base pairing between the small regulatory RNA (sreRNA) and a target mRNA, including transcription attenuation, translation inhibition, translation activation, and mRNA protection. Here, we discuss the description of these mechanisms, and the key components that contribute to the interactions between the sreRNA and the target mRNA. Additionally, we classify sreRNAs into categories based on their origins. Antisense RNA (asRNA) is defined strictly as cis-encoded, trans-acting regulatory RNA, while small RNA (sRNA) is strictly defined as trans-encoded, trans-acting regulatory RNA. Although both RNAs bind the target mRNA by Watson-Crick base pairing to the complementary sequence of mRNA, sRNA binding typically requires the presence of a chaperone protein, is only partially complementary to the target mRNA, and often targets multiple mRNAs. Therefore, we characterize the mechanism of sRNA as similar to the well characterized eukaryotic miRNA and discuss the parallels and differences between the two. The binding of asRNA to its target mRNA, by contrast, is typically independent of a chaperone protein, is completely or almost completely complementary to the mRNA target sequence and targets only a single mRNA. While this categorization is likely to evolve as the research identifies more relevant and distinguishing characteristics to classify sreRNAs, the classification used here of prokaryotic sreRNAs should lead to a more refined approach to the discussion and investigation of regulatory RNAs until then.","PeriodicalId":74314,"journal":{"name":"Non-coding RNA investigation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.21037/ncri.2019.10.02","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43012659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The exosomes carry new hope for cardiac regeneration","authors":"P. Madeddu","doi":"10.21037/ncri.2019.10.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/ncri.2019.10.01","url":null,"abstract":"Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the number one cause of death in developed countries (1,2). In the UK alone, there are 2 million people with CAD and 188,000 require treatment for a myocardial infarction (MI) each year. Because of the limited regenerative capacity of the human heart (3), an acute MI causes permanent damage that may ultimately result in heart failure (HF). The management of chronic HF has improved considerably in recent years but, at the same time, healthcare and social costs have rocketed. Therefore, there is an urgent need for new strategies potentially transforming palliative care into curative therapy.","PeriodicalId":74314,"journal":{"name":"Non-coding RNA investigation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.21037/ncri.2019.10.01","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44299505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-coding RNAs and drug-induced liver injury","authors":"Mengxue Sun, Meiyi Song, Fei Wang","doi":"10.21037/ncri.2019.07.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/ncri.2019.07.01","url":null,"abstract":"Currently, more and more clinical cases of drug-induced liver injury (DILI) are increasing that may lead to acute liver failure and even death. It has been reported that DILI is the main cause of clinical drugs withdrawal, which results in a bad impact on the treatment of many diseases. So far there are still no effective monitoring means and therapeutic approaches for DILI. Nowadays many types of research on non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), mainly including microRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs, are interesting and have significant effects on lots of diseases, such as diagnostic biomarkers and treatment methods. This article mainly reviews concerning the ncRNAs in DILI to find the new sights of diagnosis and treatments in DILI.","PeriodicalId":74314,"journal":{"name":"Non-coding RNA investigation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41448074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MiR-20a loaded with nanoparticles helps in the reduction of colorectal liver metastasis","authors":"Rupal Ojha, V. Prajapati","doi":"10.21037/NCRI.2018.12.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/NCRI.2018.12.03","url":null,"abstract":"One of the foremost and worldwide leading cause of death is cancer. The molecular modifications or alterations in the genome leads to the cancerous condition. Many other factors are responsible for the cause of the disease such as lifestyle, age, gender, ecological factors, race, food and heredity (1). Among all the cancers, colorectal cancer is the third most often occurring cancer and responsible for the millions of deaths worldwide.","PeriodicalId":74314,"journal":{"name":"Non-coding RNA investigation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.21037/NCRI.2018.12.03","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42074918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The roles of miRNAs in liver diseases","authors":"Z. Dai, Taihua Yang, G. Song","doi":"10.21037/ncri.2019.08.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/ncri.2019.08.02","url":null,"abstract":"Liver, the largest internal organ in vertebrates, plays an essential role in metabolic processes in the body. Many factors, such as viruses and alcohol, can lead to function disorders or even liver failure. Every year more than a million patients suffer from various liver diseases. miRNAs have evolved as important regulators in in liver development, homeostasis, dysfunction, and regeneration. Increasing evidences have shown that miRNAs play an important role in various liver diseases, including acute liver failure (ALF), chronic liver failure as well as liver carcinoma. In this review, we update the roles of miRNAs in liver regeneration, fibrosis and cancer.","PeriodicalId":74314,"journal":{"name":"Non-coding RNA investigation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.21037/ncri.2019.08.02","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47129470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}