Newborn (Clarksville, Md.)最新文献_第8页

Current Understanding of Transfusion-associated Necrotizing Enterocolitis: Review of Clinical and Experimental Studies and a Call for More Definitive Evidence. 目前对输血相关坏死性小肠结肠炎的认识:临床和实验研究综述，并呼吁提供更明确的证据。

Newborn (Clarksville, Md.) Pub Date : 2022-01-01 Epub Date: 2022-03-31 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-11002-0005

Minesh Khashu, Christof Dame, Pascal M Lavoie, Isabelle G De Plaen, Parvesh M Garg, Venkatesh Sampath, Atul Malhotra, Michael D Caplan, Praveen Kumar, Pankaj B Agrawal, Giuseppe Buonocore, Robert D Christensen, Akhil Maheshwari

{"title":"Current Understanding of Transfusion-associated Necrotizing Enterocolitis: Review of Clinical and Experimental Studies and a Call for More Definitive Evidence.","authors":"Minesh Khashu, Christof Dame, Pascal M Lavoie, Isabelle G De Plaen, Parvesh M Garg, Venkatesh Sampath, Atul Malhotra, Michael D Caplan, Praveen Kumar, Pankaj B Agrawal, Giuseppe Buonocore, Robert D Christensen, Akhil Maheshwari","doi":"10.5005/jp-journals-11002-0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-11002-0005","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The association between red blood cell (RBC) transfusions and necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), so-called transfusion-associated NEC (ta-NEC), was first described in 1987. However, further work is needed to confirm a causal relationship, elucidate underlying mechanisms, and develop possible strategies for prevention. We performed an extensive literature search in the databases PubMed, EMBASE, and Scopus.Areas covered: Although multiple retrospective human studies have strongly suggested an association between blood transfusions and subsequent occurrence of NEC, meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) testing RBC transfusion thresholds or the use of recombinant erythropoiesis-stimulating growth factors did not confirm an association of anemia with ta-NEC. These conflicting data necessitated the development of an animal model to elucidate mechanisms and causal factors. Data from this recent mouse model of ta-NEC highlighted the importance of sequential exposure to severe anemia followed by transfusion for development of ta-NEC.Expert opinion: This review summarizes current human and experimental data, highlights open questions, and suggests avenues for further research aimed at preventing ta-NEC in preterm infants. Further studies are required to delineate whether there is a tipping point, in terms of the level and duration of anemia, and to develop an effective strategy for blood management and the quality of RBC transfusions.","PeriodicalId":74306,"journal":{"name":"Newborn (Clarksville, Md.)","volume":" ","pages":"201-208"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/00/0c/nihms-1815777.PMC9217573.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40391249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Imaging for Diagnosis and Assessment of Necrotizing Enterocolitis. 坏死性小肠结肠炎的影像学诊断和评估。

Newborn (Clarksville, Md.) Pub Date : 2022-01-01 Epub Date: 2022-03-31 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-11002-0002

Vinayak Mishra, Alain Cuna, Rachana Singh, Daniel M Schwartz, Sherwin Chan, Akhil Maheshwari

{"title":"Imaging for Diagnosis and Assessment of Necrotizing Enterocolitis.","authors":"Vinayak Mishra, Alain Cuna, Rachana Singh, Daniel M Schwartz, Sherwin Chan, Akhil Maheshwari","doi":"10.5005/jp-journals-11002-0002","DOIUrl":"10.5005/jp-journals-11002-0002","url":null,"abstract":"Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is inflammatory bowel necrosis of preterm and critically ill infants. The disease is seen in 6-10% of preterm infants who weigh less than 1500 g at birth and carries considerable morbidity, mortality, and healthcare cost burden. Efforts focused on timely mitigation remain restricted due to challenges in early diagnosis as clinical features, and available laboratory tests remain nonspecific until late in the disease. There is renewed interest in the radiological and sonographic assessment of intestinal diseases due to technological advances making them safe, cost-efficient, and supporting Web-based transmission of images, thereby reducing time to diagnosis by disease experts. Most of our experience has been with plain abdominal radiography, which shows characteristic features such as pneumatosis intestinalis in up to 50-60% of patients. Many patients with advanced disease may also show features such as portal venous gas and pneumoperitoneum. Unfortunately, these features are not seen consistently in patients with early, treatable conditions, and hence, there has been an unfulfilled need for additional imaging modalities. In recent years, abdominal ultrasound (AUS) has emerged as a readily available, noninvasive imaging tool that may be a valuable adjunct to plain radiographs for evaluating NEC. AUS can allow real-time assessment of vascular perfusion, bowel wall thickness, with higher sensitivity in detecting pneumatosis, altered peristalsis, and characteristics of the peritoneal fluid. Several other modalities, such as contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), are also emerging. In this article, we have reviewed the available imaging options for NEC evaluation.","PeriodicalId":74306,"journal":{"name":"Newborn (Clarksville, Md.)","volume":"1 1","pages":"182-189"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/52/bc/nihms-1870282.PMC9976546.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9136263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Role of the Endothelium in Neonatal Diseases. 内皮在新生儿疾病中的作用。

Newborn (Clarksville, Md.) Pub Date : 2022-01-01 Epub Date: 2022-03-31 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-11002-0025

Olachi J Mezu-Ndubuisi, Akhil Maheshwari

引用次数: 1

Iron deficiency in newborn infants: global rewards for recognizing and treating this silent malady. 新生儿缺铁:发现和治疗这一无声疾病的全球奖励。

Newborn (Clarksville, Md.) Pub Date : 2022-01-01 Epub Date: 2022-03-31 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-11002-0021

Robert D Christensen, Timothy M Bahr, Diane M Ward

引用次数: 2

Role of Near-infrared Spectroscopy in the Diagnosis and Assessment of Necrotizing Enterocolitis. 近红外光谱在坏死性小肠结肠炎诊断和评估中的作用。

Newborn (Clarksville, Md.) Pub Date : 2022-01-01 Epub Date: 2022-03-31 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-11002-0001

Vinayak Mishra, Amit A Mathur, Shakir Mohamed, Akhil Maheshwari

引用次数: 0

Let's Talk about Dex: When do the Benefits of Dexamethasone for Prevention of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia Outweigh the Risks? 让我们来谈谈德克斯:地塞米松预防支气管肺发育不良的益处何时大于风险?

Newborn (Clarksville, Md.) Pub Date : 2022-01-01 Epub Date: 2022-03-31 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-11002-0009

Thuy Nguyen, Brian K Jordan

{"title":"Let's Talk about Dex: When do the Benefits of Dexamethasone for Prevention of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia Outweigh the Risks?","authors":"Thuy Nguyen, Brian K Jordan","doi":"10.5005/jp-journals-11002-0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-11002-0009","url":null,"abstract":"Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is the most common complication of extreme prematurity and carries increased respiratory morbidity into childhood and adulthood. Systemic administration of dexamethasone during the preterm period has been shown to decrease the incidence of BPD in this population. However, enthusiasm about its use has been tempered by early evidence that suggested potential adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes. More recent studies suggest that the timing, dosing, and duration of therapy may have a significant impact on the safety and efficacy of dexamethasone administration and that side effects and harms may be minimized if its use is appropriately targeted. Focusing on studies published since the 2010s American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) statement on dexamethasone, this review seeks to examine the evidence from recent clinical trials to present the current state of knowledge regarding the systemic dexamethasone administration to prevent BPD in extremely premature infants and how dose, duration, and timing might impact its safety and efficacy in this vulnerable population.","PeriodicalId":74306,"journal":{"name":"Newborn (Clarksville, Md.)","volume":" ","pages":"91-96"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/de/72/nihms-1815781.PMC9272690.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40584872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

The First 1000 Days: Assembly of the Neonatal Microbiome and Its Impact on Health Outcomes. 最初的 1000 天：新生儿微生物组的组合及其对健康结果的影响。

Newborn (Clarksville, Md.) Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-11002-0028

Joann Romano-Keeler, Jun Sun

{"title":"The First 1000 Days: Assembly of the Neonatal Microbiome and Its Impact on Health Outcomes.","authors":"Joann Romano-Keeler, Jun Sun","doi":"10.5005/jp-journals-11002-0028","DOIUrl":"10.5005/jp-journals-11002-0028","url":null,"abstract":"Early life microbial colonization is critical for the development of the immune system, postnatal growth, and long-term health and disease. The dynamic and nascent microbiomes of children are highly individualized and are characterized by low bacterial diversity. Any disruptions in microbial colonization can contribute to shifts in normal microbial colonization that persist past the first 1000 days of life and result in intestinal dysbiosis. Here, we focus on microbiome-host interactions during fetal, newborn, and infant microbiome development. We summarize the roles of bacterial communities in fetal development and adverse health outcomes due to dysbiosis. We also discuss how internal and external factors program the microbiome's metabolic machinery as it evolves into an adult-like microbiome. Finally, we discuss the limits of current studies and future directions. Studies on the early-life microbiome will be critical for a better understanding of childhood health and diseases, as well as restorative methods for the prevention and treatment of diseases in adulthood.","PeriodicalId":74306,"journal":{"name":"Newborn (Clarksville, Md.)","volume":"1 2","pages":"219-226"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/99/71/nihms-1822130.PMC9555117.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33509930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Non-coding RNAs in Neonatal Necrotizing Enterocolitis. 新生儿坏死性小肠结肠炎中的非编码rna。

Newborn (Clarksville, Md.) Pub Date : 2022-01-01 Epub Date: 2022-03-31 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-11002-0012

Keyur Donda, Benjamin A Torres, Akhil Maheshwari

引用次数: 0

Intestinal Epithelial Barrier Function and Necrotizing Enterocolitis. 肠上皮屏障功能与坏死性小肠结肠炎。

Newborn (Clarksville, Md.) Pub Date : 2022-01-01 Epub Date: 2022-03-31 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-11002-0003

Elizabeth Managlia, Xiaocai Yan, Isabelle G De Plaen

引用次数: 5

Development and Functions of Mitochondria in Early Life. 线粒体在早期生命中的发育和功能。

Newborn (Clarksville, Md.) Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-11002-0013

Jinghua Peng, Balamurugan Ramatchandirin, Alexia Pearah, Akhil Maheshwari, Ling He

引用次数: 2