Nano reviews最新文献_第3页

Nano reviews Pub Date : 2012-01-01 Epub Date: 2012-03-12 DOI: 10.3402/nano.v3i0.11586

Yanan Yue, Xinwei Wang

{"title":"Nanoscale thermal probing.","authors":"Yanan Yue, Xinwei Wang","doi":"10.3402/nano.v3i0.11586","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3402/nano.v3i0.11586","url":null,"abstract":"Nanoscale novel devices have raised the demand for nanoscale thermal characterization that is critical for evaluating the device performance and durability. Achieving nanoscale spatial resolution and high accuracy in temperature measurement is very challenging due to the limitation of measurement pathways. In this review, we discuss four methodologies currently developed in nanoscale surface imaging and temperature measurement. To overcome the restriction of the conventional methods, the scanning thermal microscopy technique is widely used. From the perspective of measuring target, the optical feature size method can be applied by using either Raman or fluorescence thermometry. The near-field optical method that measures nanoscale temperature by focusing the optical field to a nano-sized region provides a non-contact and non-destructive way for nanoscale thermal probing. Although the resistance thermometry based on nano-sized thermal sensors is possible for nanoscale thermal probing, significant effort is still needed to reduce the size of the current sensors by using advanced fabrication techniques. At the same time, the development of nanoscale imaging techniques, such as fluorescence imaging, provides a great potential solution to resolve the nanoscale thermal probing problem.","PeriodicalId":74237,"journal":{"name":"Nano reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3402/nano.v3i0.11586","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40167236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 128

Nanostructured Nb2O5 catalysts 纳米结构Nb2O5催化剂

Nano reviews Pub Date : 2012-01-01 DOI: 10.3402/nano.v3i0.17631

Yun Zhao, Xiwen Zhou, L. Ye, Shik Chi Edman Tsang

引用次数: 161

Utilizing the folate receptor for active targeting of cancer nanotherapeutics. 利用叶酸受体主动靶向癌症纳米治疗。

Nano reviews Pub Date : 2012-01-01 Epub Date: 2012-12-07 DOI: 10.3402/nano.v3i0.18496

Grant L Zwicke, G Ali Mansoori, Constance J Jeffery

引用次数: 410

Contact printing of colloidal nanocrystal thin films for hybrid organic/quantum dot optoelectronic devices. 有机/量子点混合光电器件用胶体纳米晶体薄膜的接触印刷。

Nano reviews Pub Date : 2012-01-01 Epub Date: 2012-04-09 DOI: 10.3402/nano.v3i0.16144

Matthew J Panzer, Katherine E Aidala, Vladimir Bulović

引用次数: 13

Danish Team wins First BIOMOD International Undergraduate Nanobiology Design Competition. 丹麦团队赢得第一届BIOMOD国际大学生纳米生物学设计大赛。

Nano reviews Pub Date : 2012-01-01 Epub Date: 2012-02-08 DOI: 10.3402/nano.v3i0.17201

Constance J Jeffery

引用次数: 0

Workshop attendees suggest methods to improve the number and advancement of women scientists in NanoScience/NanoTechnology. 研讨会与会者提出了提高纳米科学/纳米技术领域女性科学家的数量和地位的方法。

Nano reviews Pub Date : 2012-01-01 Epub Date: 2012-02-06 DOI: 10.3402/nano.v3i0.15895

Constance Jeffery

{"title":"Workshop attendees suggest methods to improve the number and advancement of women scientists in NanoScience/NanoTechnology.","authors":"Constance Jeffery","doi":"10.3402/nano.v3i0.15895","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3402/nano.v3i0.15895","url":null,"abstract":"Women are underrepresented in the new field of nanoscience and nanotechnology (NS/NT). They comprise only 14% of the faculty members at the 62 federally funded centers for NS/NT at higher education institutions in the USA, but make up 25% of the faculty in other STEM disciplines. Increasing the participation of women and minorities in NS/NT research is important for the relatively new field of NS/NT to reach its full potential. A workshop was held to gather information about the challenges and opportunities academic work in NS/NT offers to women and minorities and to identify differences between NS/ NTand other STEM disciplines. The workshop, titled ‘Toward Increasing Diversity in STEM Faculty: AWorkshop Addressing Underrepresentation of Women of all Ethnicities in Nanoscience Fields,’ was cohosted by the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) and supported by the National Science Foundation (NSF, USA). The two-day workshop included forty researchers in NS/NT and in the social sciences. In this news item, I will summarize some of the key findings and suggestions that are described in a published monograph about the workshop written by Vivien Savath and Suzanne Brainard at the University of Washington. (Published: 6 February 2012) Citation: Nano News 2012, 3 : 15895 - DOI: 10.3402/nano.v3i0.15895","PeriodicalId":74237,"journal":{"name":"Nano reviews","volume":"3 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3402/nano.v3i0.15895","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30446834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Detection of biomarkers using recombinant antibodies coupled to nanostructured platforms. 利用纳米结构平台偶联的重组抗体检测生物标志物。

Nano reviews Pub Date : 2012-01-01 Epub Date: 2012-07-23 DOI: 10.3402/nano.v3i0.17240

Michael R Kierny, Thomas D Cunningham, Brian K Kay

{"title":"Detection of biomarkers using recombinant antibodies coupled to nanostructured platforms.","authors":"Michael R Kierny, Thomas D Cunningham, Brian K Kay","doi":"10.3402/nano.v3i0.17240","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3402/nano.v3i0.17240","url":null,"abstract":"The utility of biomarker detection in tomorrow's personalized health care field will mean early and accurate diagnosis of many types of human physiological conditions and diseases. In the search for biomarkers, recombinant affinity reagents can be generated to candidate proteins or post-translational modifications that differ qualitatively or quantitatively between normal and diseased tissues. The use of display technologies, such as phage-display, allows for manageable selection and optimization of affinity reagents for use in biomarker detection. Here we review the use of recombinant antibody fragments, such as scFvs and Fabs, which can be affinity-selected from phage-display libraries, to bind with both high specificity and affinity to biomarkers of cancer, such as Human Epidermal growth factor Receptor 2 (HER2) and Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). We discuss how these recombinant antibodies can be fabricated into nanostructures, such as carbon nanotubes, nanowires, and quantum dots, for the purpose of enhancing detection of biomarkers at low concentrations (pg/mL) within complex mixtures such as serum or tissue extracts. Other sensing technologies, which take advantage of 'Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering' (gold nanoshells), frequency changes in piezoelectric crystals (quartz crystal microbalance), or electrical current generation and sensing during electrochemical reactions (electrochemical detection), can effectively provide multiplexed platforms for detection of cancer and injury biomarkers. Such devices may soon replace the traditional time consuming ELISAs and Western blots, and deliver rapid, point-of-care diagnostics to market.","PeriodicalId":74237,"journal":{"name":"Nano reviews","volume":"3 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3402/nano.v3i0.17240","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30790300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 63

Electric-field controlled ferromagnetism in MnGe magnetic quantum dots. mge磁量子点的电场控制铁磁性。

Nano reviews Pub Date : 2011-01-01 Epub Date: 2011-03-07 DOI: 10.3402/nano.v2i0.5896

Faxian Xiu, Yong Wang, Jin Zou, Kang L Wang

{"title":"Electric-field controlled ferromagnetism in MnGe magnetic quantum dots.","authors":"Faxian Xiu, Yong Wang, Jin Zou, Kang L Wang","doi":"10.3402/nano.v2i0.5896","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3402/nano.v2i0.5896","url":null,"abstract":"Electric-field control of ferromagnetism in magnetic semiconductors at room temperature has been actively pursued as one of the important approaches to realize practical spintronics and non-volatile logic devices. While Mn-doped III-V semiconductors were considered as potential candidates for achieving this controllability, the search for an ideal material with high Curie temperature (T(c)>300 K) and controllable ferromagnetism at room temperature has continued for nearly a decade. Among various dilute magnetic semiconductors (DMSs), materials derived from group IV elements such as Si and Ge are the ideal candidates for such materials due to their excellent compatibility with the conventional complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) technology. Here, we review recent reports on the development of high-Curie temperature Mn(0.05)Ge(0.95) quantum dots (QDs) and successfully demonstrate electric-field control of ferromagnetism in the Mn(0.05)Ge(0.95) quantum dots up to 300 K. Upon the application of gate-bias to a metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) capacitor, the ferromagnetism of the channel layer (i.e. the Mn(0.05)Ge(0.95) quantum dots) was modulated as a function of the hole concentration. Finally, a theoretical model based upon the formation of magnetic polarons has been proposed to explain the observed field controlled ferromagnetism.","PeriodicalId":74237,"journal":{"name":"Nano reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3402/nano.v2i0.5896","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30276007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Nanoscale structure, dynamics and power conversion efficiency correlations in small molecule and oligomer-based photovoltaic devices. 基于小分子和低聚物的光伏设备的纳米级结构、动力学和功率转换效率相关性。

Nano reviews Pub Date : 2011-01-01 Epub Date: 2011-08-12 DOI: 10.3402/nano.v2i0.7249

Jodi M Szarko, Jianchang Guo, Brian S Rolczynski, Lin X Chen

{"title":"Nanoscale structure, dynamics and power conversion efficiency correlations in small molecule and oligomer-based photovoltaic devices.","authors":"Jodi M Szarko, Jianchang Guo, Brian S Rolczynski, Lin X Chen","doi":"10.3402/nano.v2i0.7249","DOIUrl":"10.3402/nano.v2i0.7249","url":null,"abstract":"Photovoltaic functions in organic materials are intimately connected to interfacial morphologies of molecular packing in films on the nanometer scale and molecular levels. This review will focus on current studies on correlations of nanoscale morphologies in organic photovoltaic (OPV) materials with fundamental processes relevant to photovoltaic functions, such as light harvesting, exciton splitting, exciton diffusion, and charge separation (CS) and diffusion. Small molecule photovoltaic materials will be discussed here. The donor and acceptor materials in small molecule OPV devices can be fabricated in vacuum-deposited, multilayer, crystalline thin films, or spin-coated together to form blended bulk heterojunction (BHJ) films. These two methods result in very different morphologies of the solar cell active layers. There is still a formidable debate regarding which morphology is favored for OPV optimization. The morphology of the conducting films has been systematically altered; using variations of the techniques above, the whole spectrum of film qualities can be fabricated. It is possible to form a highly crystalline material, one which is completely amorphous, or an intermediate morphology. In this review, we will summarize the past key findings that have driven organic solar cell research and the current state-of-the-art of small molecule and conducting oligomer materials. We will also discuss the merits and drawbacks of these devices. Finally, we will highlight some works that directly compare the spectra and morphology of systematically elongated oligothiophene derivatives and compare these oligomers to their polymer counterparts. We hope this review will shed some new light on the morphology differences of these two systems.","PeriodicalId":74237,"journal":{"name":"Nano reviews","volume":"2 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/b0/3d/NANO-2-7249.PMC3215193.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9328661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Single-molecule photochemical reactions of Auger-ionized quantum dots. 奥热电离量子点的单分子光化学反应。

Nano reviews Pub Date : 2011-01-01 DOI: 10.3402/nano.v2i0.6366

Morihiko Hamada, Edakkattuparambil Sidharth Shibu, Tamitake Itoh, Manikantan Syamala Kiran, Shunsuke Nakanishi, Mitsuru Ishikawa, Vasudevanpillai Biju

{"title":"Single-molecule photochemical reactions of Auger-ionized quantum dots.","authors":"Morihiko Hamada, Edakkattuparambil Sidharth Shibu, Tamitake Itoh, Manikantan Syamala Kiran, Shunsuke Nakanishi, Mitsuru Ishikawa, Vasudevanpillai Biju","doi":"10.3402/nano.v2i0.6366","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3402/nano.v2i0.6366","url":null,"abstract":"Photoinduced electron transfer in donor-acceptor systems composed of quantum dots (QDs) and electron donors or acceptors is a subject of considerable recent research interest due to the potential applications of such systems in both solar energy harvesting and degradation of organic pollutants. Herein, we employed single-molecule imaging and spectroscopy techniques for the detection of photochemical reactions between 1,4-diaminobutane (DAB) and CdSe/ZnS single QDs. We investigated the reactions by analyzing photoluminescence (PL) intensity and lifetime of QDs at ensemble and single-molecule levels. While DAB was applied to single QDs tethered on a cover slip or QDs dispersed in a solution, PL intensity of QD continuously decreased with a concomitant increase in the PL lifetime. Interestingly, these changes in the PL properties of QD were predominant under high-intensity photoactivation. We hypothesize that the above changes in the PL properties surface due to the transfer of an electron from DAB to Auger-ionized QD followed by elimination of a proton from DAB and the formation of a QD-DAB adduct. Thus, a continuous decrease in the PL intensity of QDs under high-intensity photoactivation is attributed to continuous photochemical reactions of DAB with single QDs and the formation of QD-(DAB)(n) adducts. We believe that detection and analysis of such photochemical reactions of single QDs with amines will be of considerable broad interest due to the significant impact of photoinduced electron transfer reactions in energy management and environmental remediation.","PeriodicalId":74237,"journal":{"name":"Nano reviews","volume":"2 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3402/nano.v2i0.6366","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9275592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7