Microplastics and nanoplastics最新文献_第9页

Microfibers: Environmental Problems and Textile Solutions 微纤维:环境问题和纺织解决方案

Microplastics and nanoplastics Pub Date : 2022-11-01 DOI: 10.3390/microplastics1040043

J. Weis, F. De Falco

{"title":"Microfibers: Environmental Problems and Textile Solutions","authors":"J. Weis, F. De Falco","doi":"10.3390/microplastics1040043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/microplastics1040043","url":null,"abstract":"Microplastics have become a topic of considerable concern and intensive study over the past decade. They have been found everywhere in the oceans, including the deepest trenches and remotest parts of the Arctic. They are ingested by many animals and some are incorporated into tissues. There is considerable effort in studying what effects they have on marine life. It has become clear that when water samples are collected in ways that prevent most long thin particles from escaping through pores of a net, the most abundant type of microplastics found in water and sediments are microfibers (fibers with dimensions less than 5 mm). The major source of these pollutants is synthetic textiles, such as polyester or polyamides, which shed microfibers during their entire life cycle. Microfibers are released during textile manufacturing, everyday activities (e.g., washing, drying, wearing) and final disposal. The complexity of microfiber release mechanisms and of the factors involved make the identification and application of ways to reduce the inputs of microfibers very challenging. A comprehensive approach is strongly needed, taking into account solutions at a number of levels, such as re-engineering textiles to minimize shedding, applying washing machine filters, developing advanced wastewater treatment plants and improving the management of textile wastes. To harmonize and make mandatory the solutions identified, a variety of potential government policies and regulations is also needed.","PeriodicalId":74190,"journal":{"name":"Microplastics and nanoplastics","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80788466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Opening Space for Plastics—Why Spatial, Soil and Land Use Data Are Important to Understand Global Soil (Micro)Plastic Pollution 为塑料打开空间——为什么空间、土壤和土地利用数据对了解全球土壤(微)塑料污染很重要

Microplastics and nanoplastics Pub Date : 2022-10-08 DOI: 10.3390/microplastics1040042

C. Weber, M. Bigalke

{"title":"Opening Space for Plastics—Why Spatial, Soil and Land Use Data Are Important to Understand Global Soil (Micro)Plastic Pollution","authors":"C. Weber, M. Bigalke","doi":"10.3390/microplastics1040042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/microplastics1040042","url":null,"abstract":"After five years of research on microplastic pollution of soils it becomes obvious that soil systems act as a reservoir for microplastics on global scales. Nevertheless, the exact role of soils within global microplastic cycles, plastic fluxes within soils and environmental consequences are so far only partly understood. Against the background of a global environmental plastic pollution, the spatial reference, spatial levels, sampling approaches and documentation practices of soil context data becomes important. Within this review, we therefore evaluate the availability of spatial MP soil data on a global scale through the application of a questionnaire applied to 35 case studies on microplastics in soils published since 2016. We found that the global database on microplastics in soils is mainly limited to agricultural used topsoils in Central Europe and China. Data on major global areas and soil regions are missing, leading to a limited understanding of soils plastic pollution. Furthermore, we found that open data handling, geospatial data and documentation of basic soil information are underrepresented, which hinders further understanding of global plastic fluxes in soils. Out of this context, we give recommendations for spatial reference and soil context data collection, access and combination with soil microplastic data, to work towards a global and free soil microplastic data hub.","PeriodicalId":74190,"journal":{"name":"Microplastics and nanoplastics","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81634881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Effects of Silica Fume and Micro Silica on the Properties of Mortars Containing Waste PVC Plastic Fibers 硅粉和微二氧化硅对含废PVC塑料纤维砂浆性能的影响

Microplastics and nanoplastics Pub Date : 2022-10-07 DOI: 10.3390/microplastics1040041

R. Mahmood, N. Kockal

{"title":"Effects of Silica Fume and Micro Silica on the Properties of Mortars Containing Waste PVC Plastic Fibers","authors":"R. Mahmood, N. Kockal","doi":"10.3390/microplastics1040041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/microplastics1040041","url":null,"abstract":"Investigations on the usability of waste plastics as a new generation of construction materials have become one of the main concerns of researchers and engineers in recent decades. Waste plastics can be used either as aggregate replacement or as fiber reinforcement to enhance the properties of cementitious mixtures. This study focuses on the properties of waste PVC fiber-reinforced mortars containing silica fume and micro silica. Plastic fibers were added to the mortar mixes by volume fractions of 0%, 1%, 2%, and 3%. Cement was replaced by micro silica and silica fume by 5%, 10%, and 15% by weight of cement, respectively. In total, 28 different groups of mortars were produced. The results showed an enhanced ductility and deformation behavior of mortars upon the addition of waste PVC plastic fibers. It can be seen that fibers restricted crack propagation and maintained integrity, hence improving the ductility of the mortars. On the other hand, the addition of fibers led to a reduction in the physical and mechanical properties of the mortar samples. The compressive strength of the mortar samples decreased gradually by increasing the fiber content. Cement replacement by silica fume improved mechanical and microstructural properties of the mortars. The results also demonstrated that silica fume significantly decreased the porosity and water absorption capacity of mortar samples.","PeriodicalId":74190,"journal":{"name":"Microplastics and nanoplastics","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90048303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Detection and Analysis of Microfibers and Microplastics in Wastewater from a Textile Company 某纺织企业废水中微纤维和微塑料的检测与分析

Microplastics and nanoplastics Pub Date : 2022-10-03 DOI: 10.3390/microplastics1040040

Sinem Hazal Akyildiz, R. Bellopede, H. Sezgin, I. Yalcin-Enis, B. Yalçın, S. Fiore

{"title":"Detection and Analysis of Microfibers and Microplastics in Wastewater from a Textile Company","authors":"Sinem Hazal Akyildiz, R. Bellopede, H. Sezgin, I. Yalcin-Enis, B. Yalçın, S. Fiore","doi":"10.3390/microplastics1040040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/microplastics1040040","url":null,"abstract":"Textile wastewater is polluted by inorganic/organic substances, polymers, dyes, and microfibers (MFs), which are microplastics (MPs) and natural fibers. This work is aimed at the preliminary investigation of MFs and MPs in textile industrial wastewater, and at evaluating the removal efficiency of an on-site wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). Ten samples of inflows and outflows of the WWTP of a textile company (applying a physic-chemical process) have been analyzed. Firstly, the samples underwent a pretreatment with 15% hydrogen peroxide at 25 °C for 5 days to remove organic compounds. Secondly, the MFs were recovered from the aqueous phase by pre-screening centrifugation, density separation, and filtration as alternative options. Filtration obtained the best performances, compared to the other recovery processes. Thirdly, the MFs were counted through optical microscopy and the MPs were identified through micro-FTIR. The MFs amount in the inflow samples was in the range of 893–4452 MFs/L. The outflow samples (310–2404 MFs/L) exhibited a 38–65% reduction compared to the inflows, demonstrating that up to 62% of residual MFs can enter the sewer network or the receiving water body. Cotton and wool, and numerous MPs (acrylic, polyester, polypropylene, polyamide, and viscose/rayon) were identified in the inflow and outflow samples (with the only exception of “dense” viscose (rayon), not detected in the outflows, and probably retained by the WWTP with the sludge). This study, even if just preliminary, offers interesting hints for future research on MFs/MPs detection in textile wastewater, and on the performance of a full-scale WWT process for their removal.","PeriodicalId":74190,"journal":{"name":"Microplastics and nanoplastics","volume":"82 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85183905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Microplastics in Namibian river sediments – a first evaluation 纳米比亚河流沉积物中的微塑料——首次评估

Microplastics and nanoplastics Pub Date : 2022-09-27 DOI: 10.1186/s43591-022-00043-1

L. Faulstich, J. Prume, R. Arendt, Christian Reinhardt-Imjela, P. Chifflard, A. Schulte

引用次数: 8

Quantifying the fragmentation of polypropylene upon exposure to accelerated weathering 聚丙烯在加速风化作用下破碎的定量分析

Microplastics and nanoplastics Pub Date : 2022-09-21 DOI: 10.1186/s43591-022-00042-2

Nora Meides, Anika Mauel, Teresa Menzel, V. Altstädt, H. Ruckdäschel, J. Senker, P. Strohriegl

引用次数: 14

Understanding microplastic pollution in the Nordic marine environment – knowledge gaps and suggested approaches 了解北欧海洋环境中的微塑料污染——知识差距和建议的方法

Microplastics and nanoplastics Pub Date : 2022-09-11 DOI: 10.1186/s43591-022-00041-3

Sophie Jensen, B. E. Grøsvik, C. Halsband, H. Halldórsson, H. Leslie, H. Gunnlaugsdottir, Hermann Dreki Guls, K. Vorkamp, M. Granberg, Valtýr Sigurðsson, H. Jörundsdóttir

引用次数: 0

Marine Litter Impact on Sandy Beach Fauna: A Review to Obtain an Indication of Where Research Should Contribute More 海洋垃圾对沙滩动物的影响:研究方向的综述

Microplastics and nanoplastics Pub Date : 2022-09-09 DOI: 10.3390/microplastics1030039

L. L. Costa, L. Fanini, Mohamed Ben-Haddad, Maurizio Pinna, I. Zalmon

{"title":"Marine Litter Impact on Sandy Beach Fauna: A Review to Obtain an Indication of Where Research Should Contribute More","authors":"L. L. Costa, L. Fanini, Mohamed Ben-Haddad, Maurizio Pinna, I. Zalmon","doi":"10.3390/microplastics1030039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/microplastics1030039","url":null,"abstract":"In order to identify how research contributes to the knowledge of marine litter as a pressure on beaches, we reviewed interactions of beach fauna with this pollutant. Entanglement of pinnipeds in fishing gear, negative correlations between macroinvertebrates abundance and sediment pollution, and the presence of plastic surrounding burrows were primary evidence of beach fauna interacting with stranded litter. Ingestion represents the main body of research; microplastic uptake by invertebrates has been studied by laboratory experiments and field collections to report the presence of polymers in tissues. In the natural context, the higher the urbanization surrounding beaches and sediment pollution, the higher the concentration of microplastics in organs of bivalves. This approach currently constitutes the main research direction, but ecotoxicological assays are emerging prospects to assess the effects of exposure to microplastics. Beached macroplastics entangle and entrap invertebrates and vertebrates, and studies have reported increasing negative interactions with seals and sea turtles. Changes in nesting and feeding behavior of resident and transient organisms have been shown as typical early warning indicators of marine litter impacts. The focus on fauna–litter interactions holds terrific potential for research and citizen science projects, which finally becomes a powerful driver towards environmental awareness on sandy beaches.","PeriodicalId":74190,"journal":{"name":"Microplastics and nanoplastics","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76727767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 16

Interaction between Microplastics and Pharmaceuticals Depending on the Composition of Aquatic Environment 基于水环境组成的微塑料与药物相互作用

Microplastics and nanoplastics Pub Date : 2022-09-05 DOI: 10.3390/microplastics1030037

M. Kļaviņš, L. Klavins, O. Stabnikova, V. Stabnikov, A. Marynin, L. Ansone-Bērtiņa, Marcis Mezulis, Ashok Vaseashta

{"title":"Interaction between Microplastics and Pharmaceuticals Depending on the Composition of Aquatic Environment","authors":"M. Kļaviņš, L. Klavins, O. Stabnikova, V. Stabnikov, A. Marynin, L. Ansone-Bērtiņa, Marcis Mezulis, Ashok Vaseashta","doi":"10.3390/microplastics1030037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/microplastics1030037","url":null,"abstract":"A large amount of the globally produced plastics are not treated and are eventually released into landfills or natural environments, including surface waters. The plastics that enter the aquatic environment are very often microplastics, which are produced in households by the slow degradation or abrasion of plastic products, or as whole plastic products, which eventually degrade (abrasion, photodegradation). Together with microplastics, other pollutants such as pharmaceuticals of various kinds enter surface waters—both of these counterparts can interact with each other as well as with organic and inorganic molecules available in the natural environment. The aim of this study was to identify the interaction of microplastics with pharmaceuticals, especially under conditions that are common in inland waters as well as the seas and oceans that the rivers feed their water into. It was found that salinity has a great impact on the sorption capacity of microplastics and pharmaceuticals. The sorption of naturally occurring humic substances (humic and fulvic acids) can greatly increase when the microplastic–pharmaceutical complex is formed; however, the priority of the interaction happens with pharmaceuticals and humic substances. Such complexes can influence the organisms that feed on small organic-matter particles, as they can be mistaken for food and thus be transferred throughout the food chain.","PeriodicalId":74190,"journal":{"name":"Microplastics and nanoplastics","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87337929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 10

Assessing Microplastic Prevalence and Dispersion from Saigon Urban Canals via Can Gio Mangrove Reserve to East Sea by Raman Scattering Microscopy 利用拉曼散射显微镜研究西贡城市运河经芹桥红树林保护区至东海的微塑料流行和扩散

Microplastics and nanoplastics Pub Date : 2022-09-05 DOI: 10.3390/microplastics1030038

Vo Thi Kim Khuyen, Dinh-Vu Le, H. Le, A. Fischer, C. Dornack

{"title":"Assessing Microplastic Prevalence and Dispersion from Saigon Urban Canals via Can Gio Mangrove Reserve to East Sea by Raman Scattering Microscopy","authors":"Vo Thi Kim Khuyen, Dinh-Vu Le, H. Le, A. Fischer, C. Dornack","doi":"10.3390/microplastics1030038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/microplastics1030038","url":null,"abstract":"Plastic pollution is one of the significant environmental concerns due to the threefold increase in global plastic waste. Marine microplastics, including petroleum-based plastic pieces and synthetic and artificial fibers smaller than 5 mm, are not only ubiquitous in natural water but also high in wastewater streams due to the direct discharge, transfer and breakdown of plastic items. This research aims to investigate the presence and dispersion of microplastics in the downtown area and coastal suburban area of Ho-Chi-Minh City by using Raman microscopy. As a result, the most common plastics (PE, PET, PA, PP, PVC, PS and PMMA) were detected, and most of them were fibrous shorter than 500 μm. The total microplastics decreased gradually from the urban waterborne (up to 220 MPs/L) via Can Gio UNESCO Mangrove Biosphere Reserve (10 MPs/L) and to the East Sea (3 MPs/L), which reveals the potential role of the mangrove in reducing marine contaminants including microplastics. This study provides important insights into microplastic pollution in the Western Pacific Region, especially the Saigon-Dong Nai river systems, supporting useful data for natural water resources management.","PeriodicalId":74190,"journal":{"name":"Microplastics and nanoplastics","volume":"94 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76837944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3