Microplastics and nanoplastics最新文献_第9页

Macroplastics and Microplastics in Intertidal Sediment of Vinces and Los Tintos Rivers, Guayas Province, Ecuador 厄瓜多尔瓜亚斯省文斯河和洛斯廷托斯河潮间带沉积物中的宏观塑料和微塑料

Microplastics and nanoplastics Pub Date : 2022-12-07 DOI: 10.3390/microplastics1040045

Rebecca Talbot, M. Cárdenas-Calle, J. Mair, F. López, Guillermo Cárdenas, Beatríz Pernía, M. Hartl, Miguel Uyaguari

{"title":"Macroplastics and Microplastics in Intertidal Sediment of Vinces and Los Tintos Rivers, Guayas Province, Ecuador","authors":"Rebecca Talbot, M. Cárdenas-Calle, J. Mair, F. López, Guillermo Cárdenas, Beatríz Pernía, M. Hartl, Miguel Uyaguari","doi":"10.3390/microplastics1040045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/microplastics1040045","url":null,"abstract":"The composition, abundance and distribution of macroplastics (MAPs) and microplastics (MPs) in the Vinces and Los Tintos rivers were determined in three sites (Pueblo Nuevo, Santa Marianita, Los Tintos) from the low basin in the coastal province of Guayas, Ecuador. MAPS were recorded by visual census, covering a total distance of 140 m, and MPs were extracted in the intertidal sediments via density separation using a saturated NaCl solution, and these were counted using a stereomicroscope. A total of 940 plastic items were identified. The predominant debris was plastic with 85.2%, followed by manufactured materials and metals. The Vinces River contained the highest abundance of plastic in the locality of Pueblo Nuevo. The most abundant plastic was MPs. The most common MAPs were plastic bags (23%), food packaging (17%) and foamed plastic (8%). MP size classes quantified between 0.15 and 2.52 mm in intertidal, very fine sandy sediment and decreased in abundance with increasing grain size. The most common MPs were fibres (65.2%) (black (43.8%) and blue (25.8%)), and their distribution has a high correlation with population density and water flow direction: Santa Marianita 5.55 g−1, Pueblo Nuevo 7.39 g−1, Los Tintos 8.17−1. A significant abundance of fibres was identified in Pueblo Nuevo. The plastic spatial distribution revealed major plastic pollution in areas where recreational and tourism activities have been developed. Therefore, we recommend implementing awareness campaigns by educating businesses, residents and tourists on managing solid waste (especially plastic) and wastewater. Our results can serve as a baseline for future plastic monitoring in the area.","PeriodicalId":74190,"journal":{"name":"Microplastics and nanoplastics","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88693051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

A comparative investigation of the sorption of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons to various polydisperse micro- and nanoplastics using a novel third-phase partition method 一种新的第三相分配法对多环芳烃在各种多分散微塑料和纳米塑料上吸附的比较研究

Microplastics and nanoplastics Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.1186/s43591-022-00049-9

E. E. Emecheta, Diana Borda Borda, Patrizia Pfohl, W. Wohlleben, C. Hutzler, A. Haase, Alexander Roloff

引用次数: 2

State of the Art Offshore In Situ Monitoring of Microplastic 海洋微塑料原位监测技术现状

Microplastics and nanoplastics Pub Date : 2022-11-02 DOI: 10.3390/microplastics1040044

D. Calore, N. Fraticelli

{"title":"State of the Art Offshore In Situ Monitoring of Microplastic","authors":"D. Calore, N. Fraticelli","doi":"10.3390/microplastics1040044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/microplastics1040044","url":null,"abstract":"Microplastics make up a significant amount of the overall quantity of plastic debris that is present in seawater. However, their detection and monitoring at sea is cost-inefficient and challenging; typically, it consists of water sampling with special manta nets, followed by long (i.e., weeks) laboratory analysis to obtain valid results. The analysis of the state-of-the-art technologies capable of monitoring/detecting microplastics in the sea (typically in coastal areas) presented in this paper shows that there are currently no specific tools to obtain quick measurements. The classic multiparametric probes are useless and the contribution of their relative chemical–physical parameters to determine the presence of microplastics in water is insignificant. The evolution in the last decade of hardware and software tools for capturing hologram images and related post-processing seems to be one of the most effective methods available currently for the rapid detection of microplastics in seawater. In particular, some results of monitoring campaigns carried out in the Adriatic Sea using this type of technology are reported. The acquired data are analyzed and discussed, highlighting their strengths and weaknesses, with indications of the possible methodologies that could be used to improve these systems.","PeriodicalId":74190,"journal":{"name":"Microplastics and nanoplastics","volume":"63 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83053640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Microfibers: Environmental Problems and Textile Solutions 微纤维:环境问题和纺织解决方案

Microplastics and nanoplastics Pub Date : 2022-11-01 DOI: 10.3390/microplastics1040043

J. Weis, F. De Falco

{"title":"Microfibers: Environmental Problems and Textile Solutions","authors":"J. Weis, F. De Falco","doi":"10.3390/microplastics1040043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/microplastics1040043","url":null,"abstract":"Microplastics have become a topic of considerable concern and intensive study over the past decade. They have been found everywhere in the oceans, including the deepest trenches and remotest parts of the Arctic. They are ingested by many animals and some are incorporated into tissues. There is considerable effort in studying what effects they have on marine life. It has become clear that when water samples are collected in ways that prevent most long thin particles from escaping through pores of a net, the most abundant type of microplastics found in water and sediments are microfibers (fibers with dimensions less than 5 mm). The major source of these pollutants is synthetic textiles, such as polyester or polyamides, which shed microfibers during their entire life cycle. Microfibers are released during textile manufacturing, everyday activities (e.g., washing, drying, wearing) and final disposal. The complexity of microfiber release mechanisms and of the factors involved make the identification and application of ways to reduce the inputs of microfibers very challenging. A comprehensive approach is strongly needed, taking into account solutions at a number of levels, such as re-engineering textiles to minimize shedding, applying washing machine filters, developing advanced wastewater treatment plants and improving the management of textile wastes. To harmonize and make mandatory the solutions identified, a variety of potential government policies and regulations is also needed.","PeriodicalId":74190,"journal":{"name":"Microplastics and nanoplastics","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80788466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Opening Space for Plastics—Why Spatial, Soil and Land Use Data Are Important to Understand Global Soil (Micro)Plastic Pollution 为塑料打开空间——为什么空间、土壤和土地利用数据对了解全球土壤(微)塑料污染很重要

Microplastics and nanoplastics Pub Date : 2022-10-08 DOI: 10.3390/microplastics1040042

C. Weber, M. Bigalke

{"title":"Opening Space for Plastics—Why Spatial, Soil and Land Use Data Are Important to Understand Global Soil (Micro)Plastic Pollution","authors":"C. Weber, M. Bigalke","doi":"10.3390/microplastics1040042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/microplastics1040042","url":null,"abstract":"After five years of research on microplastic pollution of soils it becomes obvious that soil systems act as a reservoir for microplastics on global scales. Nevertheless, the exact role of soils within global microplastic cycles, plastic fluxes within soils and environmental consequences are so far only partly understood. Against the background of a global environmental plastic pollution, the spatial reference, spatial levels, sampling approaches and documentation practices of soil context data becomes important. Within this review, we therefore evaluate the availability of spatial MP soil data on a global scale through the application of a questionnaire applied to 35 case studies on microplastics in soils published since 2016. We found that the global database on microplastics in soils is mainly limited to agricultural used topsoils in Central Europe and China. Data on major global areas and soil regions are missing, leading to a limited understanding of soils plastic pollution. Furthermore, we found that open data handling, geospatial data and documentation of basic soil information are underrepresented, which hinders further understanding of global plastic fluxes in soils. Out of this context, we give recommendations for spatial reference and soil context data collection, access and combination with soil microplastic data, to work towards a global and free soil microplastic data hub.","PeriodicalId":74190,"journal":{"name":"Microplastics and nanoplastics","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81634881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Effects of Silica Fume and Micro Silica on the Properties of Mortars Containing Waste PVC Plastic Fibers 硅粉和微二氧化硅对含废PVC塑料纤维砂浆性能的影响

Microplastics and nanoplastics Pub Date : 2022-10-07 DOI: 10.3390/microplastics1040041

R. Mahmood, N. Kockal

{"title":"Effects of Silica Fume and Micro Silica on the Properties of Mortars Containing Waste PVC Plastic Fibers","authors":"R. Mahmood, N. Kockal","doi":"10.3390/microplastics1040041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/microplastics1040041","url":null,"abstract":"Investigations on the usability of waste plastics as a new generation of construction materials have become one of the main concerns of researchers and engineers in recent decades. Waste plastics can be used either as aggregate replacement or as fiber reinforcement to enhance the properties of cementitious mixtures. This study focuses on the properties of waste PVC fiber-reinforced mortars containing silica fume and micro silica. Plastic fibers were added to the mortar mixes by volume fractions of 0%, 1%, 2%, and 3%. Cement was replaced by micro silica and silica fume by 5%, 10%, and 15% by weight of cement, respectively. In total, 28 different groups of mortars were produced. The results showed an enhanced ductility and deformation behavior of mortars upon the addition of waste PVC plastic fibers. It can be seen that fibers restricted crack propagation and maintained integrity, hence improving the ductility of the mortars. On the other hand, the addition of fibers led to a reduction in the physical and mechanical properties of the mortar samples. The compressive strength of the mortar samples decreased gradually by increasing the fiber content. Cement replacement by silica fume improved mechanical and microstructural properties of the mortars. The results also demonstrated that silica fume significantly decreased the porosity and water absorption capacity of mortar samples.","PeriodicalId":74190,"journal":{"name":"Microplastics and nanoplastics","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90048303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Detection and Analysis of Microfibers and Microplastics in Wastewater from a Textile Company 某纺织企业废水中微纤维和微塑料的检测与分析

Microplastics and nanoplastics Pub Date : 2022-10-03 DOI: 10.3390/microplastics1040040

Sinem Hazal Akyildiz, R. Bellopede, H. Sezgin, I. Yalcin-Enis, B. Yalçın, S. Fiore

{"title":"Detection and Analysis of Microfibers and Microplastics in Wastewater from a Textile Company","authors":"Sinem Hazal Akyildiz, R. Bellopede, H. Sezgin, I. Yalcin-Enis, B. Yalçın, S. Fiore","doi":"10.3390/microplastics1040040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/microplastics1040040","url":null,"abstract":"Textile wastewater is polluted by inorganic/organic substances, polymers, dyes, and microfibers (MFs), which are microplastics (MPs) and natural fibers. This work is aimed at the preliminary investigation of MFs and MPs in textile industrial wastewater, and at evaluating the removal efficiency of an on-site wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). Ten samples of inflows and outflows of the WWTP of a textile company (applying a physic-chemical process) have been analyzed. Firstly, the samples underwent a pretreatment with 15% hydrogen peroxide at 25 °C for 5 days to remove organic compounds. Secondly, the MFs were recovered from the aqueous phase by pre-screening centrifugation, density separation, and filtration as alternative options. Filtration obtained the best performances, compared to the other recovery processes. Thirdly, the MFs were counted through optical microscopy and the MPs were identified through micro-FTIR. The MFs amount in the inflow samples was in the range of 893–4452 MFs/L. The outflow samples (310–2404 MFs/L) exhibited a 38–65% reduction compared to the inflows, demonstrating that up to 62% of residual MFs can enter the sewer network or the receiving water body. Cotton and wool, and numerous MPs (acrylic, polyester, polypropylene, polyamide, and viscose/rayon) were identified in the inflow and outflow samples (with the only exception of “dense” viscose (rayon), not detected in the outflows, and probably retained by the WWTP with the sludge). This study, even if just preliminary, offers interesting hints for future research on MFs/MPs detection in textile wastewater, and on the performance of a full-scale WWT process for their removal.","PeriodicalId":74190,"journal":{"name":"Microplastics and nanoplastics","volume":"82 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85183905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Microplastics in Namibian river sediments – a first evaluation 纳米比亚河流沉积物中的微塑料——首次评估

Microplastics and nanoplastics Pub Date : 2022-09-27 DOI: 10.1186/s43591-022-00043-1

L. Faulstich, J. Prume, R. Arendt, Christian Reinhardt-Imjela, P. Chifflard, A. Schulte

引用次数: 8

Quantifying the fragmentation of polypropylene upon exposure to accelerated weathering 聚丙烯在加速风化作用下破碎的定量分析

Microplastics and nanoplastics Pub Date : 2022-09-21 DOI: 10.1186/s43591-022-00042-2

Nora Meides, Anika Mauel, Teresa Menzel, V. Altstädt, H. Ruckdäschel, J. Senker, P. Strohriegl

引用次数: 14

Understanding microplastic pollution in the Nordic marine environment – knowledge gaps and suggested approaches 了解北欧海洋环境中的微塑料污染——知识差距和建议的方法

Microplastics and nanoplastics Pub Date : 2022-09-11 DOI: 10.1186/s43591-022-00041-3

Sophie Jensen, B. E. Grøsvik, C. Halsband, H. Halldórsson, H. Leslie, H. Gunnlaugsdottir, Hermann Dreki Guls, K. Vorkamp, M. Granberg, Valtýr Sigurðsson, H. Jörundsdóttir

引用次数: 0