MedPress psychiatry and behavioral sciences最新文献

{"title":"Comparison of neuropsychological tests performance of the individuals higher and lower Yale Food Addiction Scores","authors":"Ayşe Tekin, E. Bulut","doi":"10.5455/pbs.20220831075633","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/pbs.20220831075633","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: This study aimed to compare neuropsychological test performances of individuals with and without food addiction (FA). Methods: Two hundred and six university students were the study’s sample. At the first step of the study, sociodemographic features, Yale Food Addiction Scale (YFAS), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and body mass index (BMI) of the participants were evaluated. Twenty participants who met the FA criteria according to YFAS and twenty randomly selected participants among those who did not meet the FA criteria according to YFAS were included in the second step of the study. In the second step of the study, the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST), Wechsler Memory Scale (WMS), Stroop Test, and Benton’s Judgment of Line Orientation Test (JLO) were applied to the participants with and without FA. Results: Fifteen percent of the participants met the diagnosis of FA according to the YFAS. Stroop completion time, number of errors, number of spontaneous corrections, and interference were higher in the FA group than in the non-FA group (p=0.002, p<0.001, p=0.003, and p=0.001, respectively). Benton’s Judgment of Line Orientation test score was higher in the non-FA group than in the FA group (p=0.022). FA criteria number were correlated with Stroop-number of error and number of spontaneous corrections in participants with FA (r=.50 and r=.53, respectively). Conclusions: It can be said that there are attentional and visuospatial deficits in FA that are reflected in neuropsychological test performance.","PeriodicalId":74168,"journal":{"name":"MedPress psychiatry and behavioral sciences","volume":"15 12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86953302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Elevated Monocyte Levels Maybe a Common Peripheral Inflammatory Marker in Specific Learning Disorders and Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder","authors":"Ç. Yektaş, A. Tufan, O. Kilicaslan, M. Yazıcı, S. Karakaya, Enes Sarıgedik","doi":"10.5455/pbs.20210518080022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/pbs.20210518080022","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: the primary aim of this study was to determine whether the neutrophil / lymphocyte ratio, mean platelet volume, monocyte/ lymphocyte ratio and distribution width of red blood cells are different in children with specific learning disorders compared to healthy controls. The second aim of the study is to investigate the relationships of those inflammatory markers with SLDs clinical severity. Methods: A total of 100 drug-naive participants, aged 7-12 years, who were newly diagnosed as having specific learning disorders according to the DSM-5 criteria were compared with a healthy control group of 75 age, sex matched children. the neutrophil / lymphocyte ratio, mean platelet volume, monocyte/ lymphocyte ratio and distribution width of red blood cells were measured according to the complete blood count. Results: specific learning disorders significantly affected monocyte levels and tended to affect monocyte/ lymphocyte ratio and neutrophil levels while attention deficit hyperactivity disorder diagnosis significantly affected monocyte levels and mean platelet volume and also tended to affect distribution width of red blood cells. Specific learning disorders symptom severity did not correlate significantly with peripheral inflammatory markers. Conclusions: This study is the first to investigate the effect of peripheral inflammatory markers in a large specific learning disorders sample by controlling attention deficit hyperactivity disorder comorbidity. The findings demonstrated that the monocyte levels are higher in both specific learning disorders and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder groups suggesting that elevated monocyte levels may be a common marker in the inflammatory pathophysiology.","PeriodicalId":74168,"journal":{"name":"MedPress psychiatry and behavioral sciences","volume":"68 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86542903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations Between Longitudinal Teacher Ratings of Hyperactivity/ Inattention and Academic Achievement Over a Four Year Period","authors":"O. Oner, Sinem Vatanartıran, Şirin Karadeniz","doi":"10.5455/pbs.20220201114555","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/pbs.20220201114555","url":null,"abstract":"Aim of the present study was to investigate whether 4-years continuity of teacher rated hyperactivity and inattention symptoms were associated with lower academic performance in language, mathematics, and total grade average. Gender, age, fluid IQ, previous academic level, and teacher reported Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) total problems score at the first assessment were controlled in an urban low-middle-income-country setting. The follow-up sample with full SDQ data consisted of 967 students (boys: 523, 54.1%; girls: 444, 45.9%) from fifth to eight grades. Using cut-off 7 for SDQ Hyperactivity score for each assessment, the students were categorized into four groups: continued group (CG) (4.4%); declining group (DG) (6.9%); increasing group (IG) (9.0%); and consistently low (LG) group (79.6%). In the follow-up assessment, CG and IG had significantly higher SDQ scores when compared with both DG and LG and DG had significantly higher SDQ Hyperactivity and Total problems than LG. CG had significantly lower Mathematics, Language and Total average when compared with all other groups. IG and DG had significantly lower Mathematics, Language and Total average than LG. In regression analysis, odds ratios for CG students were between 5,1 to 7,4 for being in the lowest 25 percentile in all courses. These results imply that teacher reports of hyperactivity and inattention are significant predictors of academic failure, even when the symptoms are below threshold. Therefore, screening students for hyperactivity and inattention early and starting interventions early may be an effective policy to prevent academic failure.","PeriodicalId":74168,"journal":{"name":"MedPress psychiatry and behavioral sciences","volume":"299 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77330978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Distress Tolerance Levels and its Relation with Clinical Parameters in Psoriasis Disease","authors":"M. Gurok, Nese Gurok, B. Demir, M. Atmaca","doi":"10.5455/pbs.20211118120646","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/pbs.20211118120646","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74168,"journal":{"name":"MedPress psychiatry and behavioral sciences","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77785128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"QRISK*3 Outcome and Its Relationship with Disease Duration and Lipid Parameters in Patients with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder","authors":"Yaşar Kapıcı, Sabri Abuş, A. Afşin, Yusuf Hoşoğlu, Bulut Guc, A. Tekin","doi":"10.5455/pbs.20220802102653","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/pbs.20220802102653","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: QRISK*3 is an updated web-based calculator that estimates 10-year cardiovascular disease risk based on specific clinical parameters. In this study, individuals with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) who are being monitored in a psychiatric outpatient clinic are analyzed for their ten-year risk of cardiovascular disease. Methods: The study sample consisted of fifty-eight patients diagnosed with OCD. Sociodemographic characteristics and symptom severity of all participants were recorded. The 10-year cardiovascular disease risk of the participants was calculated with the QRISK*3 model. Results: The mean age of the patients was 37.21 (SD=10.48). QRISK*3 score of OCD patients was calculated as 3.59±6.38%. There were positive correlations between duration of illness and QRISK*3 and QAGE scores in patients with OCD (r=.389 and r=.571, respectively). Linear regression analysis showed the predictive effects of duration of illness (t=3.663, p<.001), AIP (t=2.338, p=.023) on QRISK*3 score in patients with OCD. Conclusion: In this study, the risk of cardiovascular illness in OCD patients was independently predicted by the atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) and disease duration. Additionally, the 10-year risk of cardiovascular disease was 3.6% in OCD patients. To explore and comprehend the connection between OCD and cardiovascular illness, more research is required.","PeriodicalId":74168,"journal":{"name":"MedPress psychiatry and behavioral sciences","volume":"11 1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91201642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prediction of Long-term Prognosis of Children with Attention-deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder in Conjunction with Deep Neural Network Regression","authors":"Ç. Uyulan, E. Gokten","doi":"10.5455/pbs.20220602052257","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/pbs.20220602052257","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Although attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms decrease with the factors such as age, many individuals keep suffering from the disorder in adolescence and adulthood. Objective: In this paper, a deep learning algorithm was built to forecast the prognosis of ADHD, using the patient's clinical features, the measurement of their response to treatment, and the degree of improvement seen after six years of follow-up. Participants and Settings: The clinical findings such as socio-demographic data of 433 patients followed by the child and adolescent psychiatry department for an average of 6 years with diagnoses of ADHD, and ADHD sub-type, accompanying oppositional/conduct disorders, other psychiatric and organic disorders, the effectiveness of psychotherapy and medication on attention, academic status, and behavioral problems were used to help predict prognosis. Methods: A deep neural network (DNN) learning-based regressor was used to make a prediction model. Results: The results obtained from the DNN regression model achieved accurate predictions for all outputs. The mean error for all outputs was evaluated as mean-squared error (mse) and 0.0068 mean-absolute error (mae), respectively. The R-value was evaluated as 0.91316. It was proven that the model prediction power was adequate as tested with these metrics. Conclusions: This methodology improves the prediction of ADHD prognosis and provides a robust predictive model. Studies with larger samples may support the results.","PeriodicalId":74168,"journal":{"name":"MedPress psychiatry and behavioral sciences","volume":"94 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81761280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First episode psychosis following COVID-19 infection: two case reports from Turkey","authors":"eyma lu, Behice Almi","doi":"10.5455/pbs.20220308113631","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/pbs.20220308113631","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Coronoviruses can reach the brain by various mechanisms and cause neuropsychiatric symptoms. We present two case reports of patients presenting with first episode psychosis after Covid-19 infection to a training and research hospital in Turkey. Results: According to the Structured Clinical Interview-Clinician Version for DSM-5 Disorders (SCID-5/CV), both patients were diagnosed with first episode psychosis. The cases had psychosocial stressors and their complaints resolved with low-dose antipsychotic treatment. Conclusions: As a result, we think that psychosocial factors such as stressful events and environments created by the pandemic may trigger first-episode psychosis.","PeriodicalId":74168,"journal":{"name":"MedPress psychiatry and behavioral sciences","volume":"33 7-8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77660025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In Silico Binding Analysis of Cannabinoids with Eph Receptors for Therapeutic Use in Gliomas.","authors":"Sai Batchu, Michael Joseph Diaz, Brandon Lucke-Wold","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Accumulating evidence suggests overexpression of Eph receptors is associated with malignant human gliomas. Inhibiting interactions of Eph receptors with their ephrin ligands may improve clinical outcomes in glioma patients. The present study investigated the potential of cannabinoids to bind Eph receptors and block Eph/ephrin interactions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twelve major cannabinoids were computationally docked with ligand binding domains from six glioma-associated Eph receptors through Auto Dock Vina to measure their potential binding affinities. The molecular structures and residue interactions of the most favorable poses for each receptor binding domain were further visually examined.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Cannabichromene (CBC) exhibited the most favorable binding with EphA2, EphA3, and EphB4 receptor ligand binding domains while tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) was predicted to bind favorably with EphB2 and EphB3 receptor ligand binding domains. EphA4 showed the best potential binding affinity with cannabidivarin (CBDV). Further analysis revealed that these cannabinoids bind to specific locations on Eph receptors required for Eph/ephrin interactions.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings suggest that certain cannabinoids can effectively bind to hydrophobic pockets required for ephrin binding and thereby be used to block subsequent Eph/ephrin interactions.</p>","PeriodicalId":74168,"journal":{"name":"MedPress psychiatry and behavioral sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35346188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Autistic Traits and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder in Patients with Migraine With or Without Aura","authors":"A. Şair, Y. Şair","doi":"10.5455/pbs.20211107035020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/pbs.20211107035020","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Migraine is one of the most common neurological disorders and often shows comorbidity with psychiatric disorders. Data regarding comorbidity between migraine and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are limited. In addition, although anxiety disorders such as obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) are commonly encountered with migraine, and the fact that the OCD and ASD relationship is well established, there are conflicting results concerning the possible relationships between migraine and OCD. The purpose of this study is to understand is there any relationship between ASD, OCD and migraine. Methods: The study included only females, 40 with migraine and 26 without migraine or any other type of headache syndrome or neurological disorders. The study included people aged between 20 and 61 years of age. Migraineurs were divided into two groups according to the presence/absence of aura. Demographic and clinical variables were recorded. Diagnosis of OCD was made by using the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Obsessive-compulsive symptoms (OCS) and OCD severity and content was assessed by the Yale Brown Obsession and Compulsion Scale (YBOCS). Autistic traits were rated by use of the Autism Spectrum Quotient (AQ). Results: The YBOCS and AQ total scores were higher in patients with migraine (vs. controls) and those with aura (vs. non-aura); however, in both of these comparisons, the ‘attention switching’ and ‘imagination’ subscales (of the AQ) were found to be similar among the compared groups. Subclinical OCD was significantly more frequent in migraineurs (vs. controls) and those with aura (vs. non-aura). OCD diagnosis was similar among migraineurs and controls, but the aura group had significantly higher frequency of OCD compared to the non-aura group. Conclusion: According to our results, migraine and the presence of aura in migraineurs appear to be associated with OCD and autistic traits (as measured by the YBOCS and the AQ).","PeriodicalId":74168,"journal":{"name":"MedPress psychiatry and behavioral sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91197930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mental Health Status of Healthcare Workers during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Turkey: Results from the Vaccination Phase","authors":"Ş. Korkmaz, Asli Yildiz, M. Erdaş, Ozlem Karakaya, E. Goka","doi":"10.5455/pbs.20220606080604","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/pbs.20220606080604","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Although there are a sufficient number of studies on the mental impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on healthcare workers (HCWs) in the early phase, few studies have evaluated these impacts in the vaccination phase. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of mental disorders and their associated factors among HCWs in the vaccination phase of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: A cross-sectional, web-based survey collected demographic data with the structured 25-item questionnaire, COVID-19 infection status and exposure, and mental health measurements between 13 March 2021 and 20 April 2021, in Turkey. Depression, anxiety, insomnia, distress, resilience, and burnout were assessed by the 9-item patient health questionnaire (PHQ-9), the 7-item generalized anxiety disorder questionnaire (GAD-7), the Jenkins sleep scale (JSS), the 10-item perceived stress scale (PSS-10), the brief resilience scale (BRS), and two subscales of the Maslach burnout inventory (MBI): emotional exhaustion (EE) and depersonalization (DP), respectively. Thereafter, binary logistic regression was performed to explore the risk factors of those HCWs with poor mental health outcomes. Results: A total of 573 HCWs completed the survey. Of the 573 responding participants, 309 (53.9%) were medical doctors, 119 (20.8%) were nurses, and 145 (25.3%) were other HCWs. Overall, 37.5%, 31.9%, 36.3%, and 19.2% of all HCWs reported symptoms of depression, anxiety, insomnia, and suicidal ideation, respectively. Moreover, 77% perceived moderate to high-stress, 49.9% described emotional exhaustion, and 11.3% of HCWs expressed depersonalization. A considerable proportion of participants reported exposure to violence (39.4%) and mobbing (38.6%) during the pandemic. We found a positive relation between getting COVID- 19 vaccine and anxiety (odds ratio [OR], 1.80; 95%CI, 1.01–3.21; p = 0.046). Being a woman (for depression, OR, 2.26; 95% CI, 1.48-3.45; p<0.001; for resilience, OR, 0.55; 95% CI, 0.38-0.80; p=0.002),working on the frontline (for emotional exhaustion, OR, 1.82; 95% CI, 1.26-2.62;p=0.001), being exposed to mobbing (for anxiety, OR, 2.86; 95% CI, 1.93-4.25;p<0.001; for depression, OR, 3.70; 95% CI, 2.55-5.36; p<0.001), being victim of the violence in the pandemic (for depersonalization, OR, 2.82; 95% CI, 1.58-5.03; p<0.001; for insomnia, OR, 2.03; 95% CI, 1.40-2.94; p<0.001), the loss of a loved one due to COVID-19 (for perceived stress, OR, 2.14; 95% CI, 1.22-3.75; p=0.008), having a mental disorder (for resilience, OR, 0.53; 95% CI, 0.30-0.94; p=0.031) and self-medicating with alcohol (for anxiety, OR, 2.86; 95% CI, 1.92-4.25; p<0.001) were associated with worsened mental health outcomes. Conclusions: COVID-19 is still affecting the mental health of HCWs in the vaccination phase. These findings advance the understanding of risk factors for the poor mental health of HCWs during a pandemic. The results revealed that receiving psychological interventions for occupational mental he","PeriodicalId":74168,"journal":{"name":"MedPress psychiatry and behavioral sciences","volume":"74 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76518533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}