Life sciences (1962)最新文献

{"title":"Bestimmung von Hafttermspektren mit Hilfe von Glow-Kurven","authors":"K. Unger","doi":"10.1002/PSSB.19620021007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/PSSB.19620021007","url":null,"abstract":"Innerhalb eines sehr allgemeinen Modells zur Behandlung von Glow-Kurven, in dem die energetische Verteilung der Haftterme als eine Summe von Gauskurven verschiedener Halbwertsbreiten dargestellt wird, werden die Hafttermbesetzungen im Maximum und an den beiden Halbwerten des Glow-Buckels numerisch berechnet. Das Symmetrieverhalten der Buckel wird diskutiert. Die von Verfasser in einer fruheren Arbeit [1] angegebenen Formeln fur die Auswertung von Glow-Kurven werden verbessert und erweitert, andere Auswerteverfahren auf ihre Genauigkeit untersucht. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000A theory of thermally stimulated currents and glow-curves is given for trap energy distributions which involve a sum of gaussian terms. The occupation rates of the traps at the maxima and half-values of the current peaks are calculated numerically. Previously published equations for the determination of the trap energy values are discussed.","PeriodicalId":74075,"journal":{"name":"Life sciences (1962)","volume":"4200 4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1962-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86783397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Untersuchung atomarer Fehlstellen in verformtem und abgeschrecktem Silber","authors":"F. Ramsteiner, W. Schüle, A. Seeger","doi":"10.1002/PSSB.19620020806","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/PSSB.19620020806","url":null,"abstract":"Die Erholung von Silber (Reinheitsgrade 99,9%, 99,999%) wurde mit Hilfe des elektrischen Widerstandes nach Verformen oder Abschrecken im Temperaturgebiet zwischen −40 °C und 250 °C untersucht. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Nach Abschrecken wurden zwei Erholungsstufen gefunden. Der erste Erholungsprozes (Stufe IV) erfolgt im Temperaturgebiet zwischen 50 °C und 130 °C und ist durch eine Aktivierungsenergie von 0,88 ± 0,03 eV charakterisiert. Er wird auf das Ausheilen von Leerstellen zuruckgefuhrt. Oberhalb 130 °C (Stufe Va) wurde ein weiterer Erholungsprozes festgestellt, der durch eine Aktivierungsenergie von ungefahr 1,3 eV bestimmt ist. Dieser Erholungsprozes ist wahrscheinlich auf das Losreisen der Leerstellen von Verunreinigungen zuruckzufuhren. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Nach Kaltverformen wurden drei Erholungsstufen gefunden. Im Temperaturgebiet zwischen −40 °C und − 10 °C wird Stufe III beobachtet (Aktivierungsenergie 0,60 ± 0,05 eV), welche wir auf das Ausheilen von Zwischengitteratomen zuruckfuhren. Stufe IV (Aktivierungsenergie 0,88 ± 0,04 eV) liegt nach Verformen in nahezu dem gleichen Temperaturgebiet wie Stufe IV nach Abschrecken und wird deshalb ebenfalls der Leerstellenausheilung zugeordnet. Stufe V (oberhalb 70 °C) ruhrt vermutlich von der Umordnung und dem Ausheilen von Versetzungen her. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Die charakteristischen Grosen von Leerstellen in Silber werden quantitativ abgeschatzt und eine genauere Beschreibung der Erholungskinetik gegeben. Aus diesen Untersuchungen kann geschlossen werden, das wahrend des Erholungsvorganges zahlreiche Senken fur Leerstellen, hauptsachlich Leerstellenagglomerate, gebildet werden. Auserdem wird auf Grund derartiger Abschatzungen das Vorhandensein einer Energieschwelle nahegelegt, die zwei Leerstellen vor ihrer Vereinigung zu einer Doppelleerstelle zu uberwinden haben. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000The annealing of quenched or cold-rolled silver (purities 99.9%; 99.999%) was studied in the temperature range from −40 °C to 250 °C by electrical resistivity measurements. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000After quenching, two distinct recovery processes were found. The first recovery stage (stage IV) occurred between 50 °C and 130 °C with an activation energy of 0.88 ± 0.03 ev, which is attributed to the migration of vacancies. A second recovery process was observed above 130 °C (stage Va) with an activation energy of about 1.3 ev, and is presumably related to the interaction between vacancies and impurities. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000After cold-rolling, three recovery stages were found. Between −40 °C and − 10 °C stage III recovery took place, which is attributed to interstitial migration (activation energy: 0.60 ± 0.05 ev). Stage IV (activation energy: 0.88 ± 0.04 ev) occurred in nearly the same range as stage IV after quenching, and is therefore also attributed to vacancy migration. Stage V (above 70 °C) is thought to be due to the rearrangement and annihilation of dislocations. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000The properties of vacancies in silver are evaluated quantitatively. A detailed discussion of the annealing kinetics after quenc","PeriodicalId":74075,"journal":{"name":"Life sciences (1962)","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1962-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89868228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neutron Diffraction Investigation of Antiferromagnetic K2NiF4","authors":"E. Legrand, R. Plumier","doi":"10.1002/PSSB.19620020306","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/PSSB.19620020306","url":null,"abstract":"A neutron diffraction study of powdered K2NiF4 was made at 21, 77, and 298°K. In this tetragonal layer-type structure, the magnetic moments within each sheet are couples antiferromagnetically; they are found to be parallel to the Caxis.","PeriodicalId":74075,"journal":{"name":"Life sciences (1962)","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1962-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91284624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Zum Einfluß des Sauerstoffs auf das Leitfähigkeitsverhalten von polykristallinem Selen","authors":"F. Eckart","doi":"10.1002/PSSB.19620020212","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/PSSB.19620020212","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74075,"journal":{"name":"Life sciences (1962)","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1962-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78208657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Zur Theorie der Sekundärelektronenemission von Metallen am Modell freier Elektronen","authors":"H. Puff","doi":"10.1002/PSSB.19620021208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/PSSB.19620021208","url":null,"abstract":"Die in [1 bis 3] im Rahmen des Metallmodells freier Elektronen entwickelte Theorie der Sekundaremission wird erneut untersucht und auf die Berucksichtigung des Einflusses ruckdiffundierter Primarelektronen erweitert. Unter Verzicht auf in [3] benutzte Approximationen wird gezeigt, das die berechnete Ausbeute im Vergleich zur gemessenen vernachlassigt werden kann. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000The theory of secondary electron emission from metals in the framework of a free electron model developed in [1 to 3] is reinvestigated taking account of the influence of the backscattered primary electrons. Without using the approximations made in [3], it is found that the calculated secondary yield compared with the measured one may be neglected.","PeriodicalId":74075,"journal":{"name":"Life sciences (1962)","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1962-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78275616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Etude apectrophotométrique de quartz naturels enfumés de Madagascar","authors":"R. Reiss, J. Serre","doi":"10.1515/9783112501443-009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/9783112501443-009","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74075,"journal":{"name":"Life sciences (1962)","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1962-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78529374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bestimmung der Konstanten F und G der einachsigen induzierten Anisotropie bei endlichen Feldstärken","authors":"R. Perthel","doi":"10.1002/PSSB.19620020907","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/PSSB.19620020907","url":null,"abstract":"Wenn sich die durch eine Magnetfeldtemperung erzeugte einachsige Anisotropie nicht oder nicht allein durch eine Orientierungsuberstruktur von Atompaaren beschreiben last, mussen die Konstanten F und G aus Messungen an Einkristallen bestimmt werden. Sind sowohl Kristallanisotropie als auch induzierte Anisotropie so gros, das bei den zur Verfugung stehenden Feldstarken Magnetisierungs- und Feldrichtung erheblich voneinander abweichen, so ist eine Zerlegung der Drehmomentenkurve in die von der induzierten Anisotropie und die von der Kristallanisotropie herruhrenden Anteile mittels Fourieranalyse praktisch nicht mehr moglich. Es wird gezeigt, das es unter diesen Umstanden trotzdem noch moglich ist, F, G, K1 und K2 nebeneinander zu bestimmen, wenn man sich auf die Nulldurchgange der Drehmomentenkurven in bestimmten Ebenen beschrankt. Fur die (001)- und die (1111)-Ebene werden einige Beziehungen fur die Auswertung angegeben. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000If the magnetic anisotropy induced by annealing is not only due to an orientation ordering of atom pairs, the constants F and G must be measured on single crystals. If both the crystal and induced anisotropies are so large that, for the available field strengths, the direction of magnetization deviates considerably from that of the field, the contributions of the two types of anisotropy cannot be easily separated in the torque curves. It is shown, however, that K1, K2, F and G can be determined by considering only the regions near the zeros of the torque curves in certain crystallographic planes. For the (001)- and (1111)-planes, some relations are derived which enable experimental results to be evaluated.","PeriodicalId":74075,"journal":{"name":"Life sciences (1962)","volume":"59 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1962-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75004156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Probleme der Viruskrankheiten im Zierpflanzenbau","authors":"C. Oertel","doi":"10.1515/9783112474884-003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/9783112474884-003","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74075,"journal":{"name":"Life sciences (1962)","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1962-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78487888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"7. Impulsummagnetisierung","authors":"G. Vogler","doi":"10.1515/9783112500026-003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/9783112500026-003","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74075,"journal":{"name":"Life sciences (1962)","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1962-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72971081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analytische Methoden zur Bestimmung der Reifungsstadien der Tomate","authors":"H. P. Georgiev, I. Balzer","doi":"10.1515/9783112474921-002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/9783112474921-002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74075,"journal":{"name":"Life sciences (1962)","volume":"53 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1962-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85434140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}