JVS-vascular science最新文献

{"title":"Glucose transporter 1 in vascular smooth muscle cells is dispensable for abdominal aortic aneurysm induced by angiotensin II","authors":"Keiichi Torimoto MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Hymavathi Reddy Vari PhD ,&nbsp;Yuki Nakayama MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Hirotoshi Utsunomiya PhD ,&nbsp;Masatoshi Takeda MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Tomoki Hashimoto MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Victor Rizzo PhD ,&nbsp;Satoru Eguchi MD, PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.jvssci.2024.100270","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jvssci.2024.100270","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Treatment with an inhibitor of glucose use via glucose transporters (GLUT) has been shown to attenuate experimental abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) development in mice. Vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) signaling seems to be essential for angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced AAA in mice. Accordingly, we have tested a hypothesis that VSMC silencing of the major GLUT, GLUT1, prevents AAA development and rupture in mice treated with Ang II plus β-aminopropionitrile. A mouse model of inducible VSMC GLUT1 deletion was created and aortic GLUT1 silencing was confirmed. Without Ang II plus β-aminopropionitrile treatment, no difference was observed regarding the external aortic diameter (control 1.06 ± 0.18 mm vs deletion 0.97 ± 0.26 mm) or systolic blood pressure (control 102 ± 9 mm Hg vs deletion 107 ± 11 mm Hg) between control or GLUT1-silenced mice. With treatment, control mice as well as VSMC GLUT1-silenced mice equally developed AAA (control 2.37 ± 0.75 mm vs deletion 2.41 ± 0.93 mm), whereas a tendency toward lower blood pressure was observed in GLUT1 silenced mice (control 150 ± 9 mm Hg vs deletion 135 ± 22 mm Hg). No significant difference was observed regarding the rate of rupture-dependent mortality. We concluded that VSMC GLUT1 is dispensable for AAA development induced by Ang II in mice.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74035,"journal":{"name":"JVS-vascular science","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100270"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11728061/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142985642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Proteomic analysis of carotid artery plaques with and without vulnerable features on magnetic resonance angiography with vessel wall imaging: a pilot study","authors":"Benjamin J. Madden BSc ,&nbsp;Camilo Polania-Sandoval MD ,&nbsp;Ganesh P. Pujari MD ,&nbsp;Kiran K. Mangalaparthi PhD ,&nbsp;M. Cristine Charlesworth PhD, MS ,&nbsp;Mercedes Prudencio PhD ,&nbsp;Tania Gendron PhD ,&nbsp;Sukhwinder J.S. Sandhu MD ,&nbsp;Aziza Nassar MD, MPH ,&nbsp;Leonard Petrucelli PhD ,&nbsp;James F. Meschia MD ,&nbsp;Akhilesh Pandey MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Young Erben MD","doi":"10.1016/j.jvssci.2025.100281","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jvssci.2025.100281","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Extracranial carotid artery pathology accounts for 15% to 20% of ischemic strokes. Advancements in magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) with vessel wall imaging (VWI) have enabled the identification of vulnerable plaques, aiding in risk stratification for neurovascular events. This pilot study aimed to identify proteins in plaques with and without vulnerable features on MRA with VWI.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Consecutive patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy were included in the study cohort with preoperative MRA with VWI. A retrospective chart review was conducted to extract pertinent clinical data including cardiovascular risk factors and medications. Proteomic analysis involved Tandem Mass Tag (TMTpro) labeling of peptides, basic pH high-performance liquid chromatography fractionation, and NanoLC-tandem mass spectrometry.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Proteomic analysis revealed 23 proteins significantly elevated in vulnerable plaques, including Proteinase 3 (PRTN3), Phospholipid Transfer Protein (PLTP), and S100 Calcium-Binding Protein A12 (S100A12), with increased abundance exceeding two-fold changes or above (<em>P</em> &lt; .001). Conversely, three proteins exhibited reduced abundance in vulnerable plaques including Dynamin-3 (DNM3), Transmembrane Protein 181 (TMEM181), and Adducin-3 (ADD3) (<em>P</em> &lt; .05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study contributes to the understanding of protein biomarkers associated with carotid plaque vulnerability, offering insights into disease progression and stroke prevention. Proteins secreted by vulnerable plaques may offer not only the potential for early disease recognition; but can also become a target for future pharmacologic therapy prior to a devastating neurologic event. Further validation studies and multi-center trials will be needed to confirm the value of these potential biomarkers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74035,"journal":{"name":"JVS-vascular science","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100281"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143403651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of the relationship between central adiposity and biomechanical, histological, and immunohistochemical properties of the anterior wall of abdominal aortic aneurysms","authors":"Alexandre Malta Brandão MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Marcos Vinícius Melo de Oliveira MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Gina Camillo Rocha Silvestre BS ,&nbsp;Alexandre Queiroz Silva BS ,&nbsp;Michele Alberto Marques BS ,&nbsp;Suely Aparecida Pinheiro Palomino MSc ,&nbsp;Maria de Lourdes Higuchi MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Erasmo Simão da Silva MD, PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.jvssci.2025.100283","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jvssci.2025.100283","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Adipose tissue plays a role in atherogenesis and degeneration of the vascular wall. However, the relationship between aortic abdominal aneurysm (AAA) and adipose tissue is controversial. This study aimed to correlate the biomechanical properties (elasticity and resistance), histology and immunohistochemistry findings of aortic tissue fragments from abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) with the abdominal fat distribution determined by computed tomography scans.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This retrospective study analyzed data from biomechanical tests performed on fragments of the anterior wall of AAA obtained during open surgical repair. A uniaxial test was used to determine the tissue's failure tensile strength, tension, stress, and elasticity (strain). Preoperative computed tomography scans were used to quantify abdominal circumference at the L3-L4 and umbilical levels. Visceral and subcutaneous fat areas were quantified at these levels using tissue radiodensity. Univariate analysis and multiple regression models were used to correlate adiposity measures with biomechanical variables, considering factors such as hypertension, diabetes, and smoking status. Histological analysis (hematoxylin and eosin staining) was performed on twenty-five specimens, and immunohistochemical analysis (CD20, CD68, CD45, peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-γ [PPAR-γ], KLF5, and tumor necrosis factor-α) was performed on 13 specimens.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The most common risk factors were hypertension (82%) and smoking (85%). Diabetes mellitus was present in 21.8%. No correlation was found between visceral fat area and biomechanical parameters or maximum AAA diameter. Predominance of visceral adipose tissue at L3-L4 and the umbilical level was associated with lower fibrosis in all layers of the abdominal wall (subcutaneous, 61% vs visceral, 41%), higher PPAR-γ expression in the tunica media (subcutaneous, 170.5-199.0 positive cells/mm² vs visceral, 957.88-1038.50 positive cells/mm²; <em>P</em> = .033), and lower elastic fiber concentration in the tunica media. (subcutaneous, 40.5% vs visceral, 31.5%).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>No relationship was found between the biomechanical parameters of the AAA wall and visceral or subcutaneous fat areas. The predominance of visceral fat was associated with increased adipocyte cellularity and decreased elastic fiber concentration in the tunica media of the anterior AAA wall.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74035,"journal":{"name":"JVS-vascular science","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100283"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143697011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in vascular identity during vascular remodeling","authors":"Yukihiko Aoyagi MD ,&nbsp;Andrew W. Schwartz BS ,&nbsp;Zhuo Li MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Hualong Bai MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Luis Gonzalez PhD ,&nbsp;Cayetana Lazcano Etchebarne BS ,&nbsp;Yuichi Ohashi MD ,&nbsp;Masaki Kano MD ,&nbsp;Bryan Ho MD ,&nbsp;Kathleen Martin PhD ,&nbsp;Alan Dardik MD, PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.jvssci.2025.100282","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jvssci.2025.100282","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Vascular remodeling is a dynamic process characterized by changes in vascular identity that impact vessel structure and function. Molecular markers define cellular identity as arteries, veins, and lymphatic vessels: Ephrin-B2 and Notch determine arterial identity, EphB4 and COUP-TFII determine venous identity, and Prox1 determines lymphatic identity.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This is a review of experimental literature.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>These proteins determine identity during development before the first heartbeat. Hemodynamic changes in adulthood can also alter vascular identity. Changes in identity markers coincide with changes in vascular cell phenotype or disease and thus may play a role in regulating both normal and pathological vascular remodeling. Vascular diseases such as arteriovenous malformations and pulmonary hypertension are driven by changes in cell phenotype and vessel identity. Surgical interventions such as arteriovenous fistula (AVF) creation and arterial bypass using vein grafts induce alterations in identity; vein grafts lose their venous identity, but do not acquire arterial identity, whereas venous limbs of AVF gain arterial identity while retaining their venous identity. After patch angioplasty, vascular patches remodel in their environment. Patches in the venous environment acquire venous identity and patches in the arterial environment develop arterial identity. Interestingly, patches in the venous outflow of AVF gain a mixed venous-arterial phenotype.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Changes in vascular identity drive vascular remodeling in both physiological and pathological settings, with potential implications for therapeutic strategies targeting vascular diseases.</div></div><div><h3>Clinical Relevance</h3><div>Vascular remodeling is essential for both physiological and pathological vascular adaptation. Changes in vascular identity occur in response to hemodynamic forces and mediate vascular remodeling during development, in disease states, and after surgical and endovascular interventions. Alterations in arterial and venous molecular markers of identity regulate cellular phenotype, the extracellular matrix, and vessel wall structure, ultimately determining long-term vessel function. Understanding the molecular regulatory pathways controlling vascular identity provides insight into understanding the mechanisms of vascular remodeling and may identify potential therapeutic targets to treat vascular disease and improve outcomes after vascular interventions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74035,"journal":{"name":"JVS-vascular science","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100282"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143685844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of sex-based differences in below-the-knee plaque histology in patients who underwent amputation for chronic limb-threatening ischemia","authors":"Fouzul Kansul ,&nbsp;Deborah Vela MD ,&nbsp;Judit Csore MD ,&nbsp;Bright Benfor MD ,&nbsp;Sasha Suarez MD ,&nbsp;Anahita Dua MD, MBA, MSC ,&nbsp;Trisha L. Roy MD, PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.jvssci.2024.100269","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jvssci.2024.100269","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>With the growing incidence of peripheral arterial disease (PAD) and the historic under-representation of female patients in cardiovascular trials, a comprehensive evaluation of sex-based variances in PAD presentation and treatment outcomes is needed. This study aims to evaluate sex-based differences in the vessel wall characteristics of patients who underwent amputation owing to critical limb-threatening ischemia to optimize personalized treatment planning and aid in the selection of endovascular devices for PAD patients.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A total of 35 lower limbs were collected from 34 patients with end-stage PAD undergoing major amputation. We selected, harvested, and cross-sectioned at 3- to 4-mm intervals 163 diseased below-the-knee arterial segments resulting in 1260 arterial rings. Histological analyses were conducted on each individual ring and later summarized by arterial segment.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Male and female patients were remarkably similar across multiple plaque characteristics, including degree of stenosis, calcification severity and localization, and atherosclerotic patterns. A significant sex-based difference was noted in the presence of luminal thrombus, which was more prevalent in females (38.7% vs 25.0%; <em>P</em> = .016). Histopathological differences were noted between popliteal and tibial lesions, with popliteal segments demonstrating increased chronic total occlusion presence and atherosclerosis, whereas severe calcification occurred more often in tibial segments. A sex-based evaluation of the popliteal segments showed increased calcification (60.71% vs 28.0%; <em>P</em> = .003) and atherosclerosis (96.4% vs 73.0%; <em>P</em> = .028) in males compared with females.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Differences in the degree of calcification, incidence of atherosclerosis, and presence of luminal thrombus may pose important clinical implications for antiplatelet and anticoagulation regimen choice and guide treatment options. Further studies are warranted to evaluate the impact of these differences on outcomes of endovascular procedures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74035,"journal":{"name":"JVS-vascular science","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100269"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11787704/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143082227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Contrast-enhanced ultrasound microbubble uptake and abnormal plasma biomarkers are seen in patients with abdominal aortic aneurysms","authors":"Adham N. Abou Ali MD ,&nbsp;Patrick Cherfan MD ,&nbsp;Ashraf G. Taha MD ,&nbsp;Michel S. Makaroun MD ,&nbsp;Yingze Zhang PhD ,&nbsp;Xucai X. Chen PhD ,&nbsp;Flordeliza S. Villanueva MD ,&nbsp;Rabih A. Chaer MD","doi":"10.1016/j.jvssci.2025.100284","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jvssci.2025.100284","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) growth is unpredictable. We hypothesize that contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) imaging and plasma inflammatory biomarkers (PIBs) may detect AAA wall inflammation.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Patients with an AAA diameter ≥4 cm had CEUS and PIB testing at enrollment and every 6 months. Microbubble replenishment was analyzed via manually drawn regions of the aortic wall. Aneurysm growth, rupture, and repair were recorded. PIB testing was analyzed using biomarker panels. Independent and paired <em>t</em>-tests were used to detect differences in PIB levels. Logistic regression was used to study the association between PIBs, microbubble uptake, and AAA growth.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 59 patients were enrolled (mean age, 68.8 ± 8.6 years; 13.6% female; 93.2% White). Mean AAA size on presentation was 41.6 ± 6.7 mm. Microbubble uptake was seen in 36 patients (61%). Patients with AAA had high baseline levels of Cystatin C and interferon-γ and low levels of macrophage migration inhibitory factor. Microbubble uptake was seen in 59% of patients with ≥5 mm AAA growth but was not predictive of growth on logistic regression.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>We have demonstrated that microbubble uptake with CEUS is seen in the aortic wall/intraluminal thrombus of patients with AAA. CEUS and PIBs could provide insight into aneurysm behavior in newly diagnosed AAA.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74035,"journal":{"name":"JVS-vascular science","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100284"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143838131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantifying the effect of IMPEDE-FX packing rate and volume on pressure-normalized principal wall strain in an idealized 3D-printed aneurysm model","authors":"Baqir Kedwai BHSc ,&nbsp;Joshua Geiger MD ,&nbsp;Sam Najjar BS ,&nbsp;Joel Kruger MD ,&nbsp;Michael Richards PhD ,&nbsp;Chung Yeh BS ,&nbsp;Mary Dennehy BS ,&nbsp;Michael Stoner MD ,&nbsp;Doran Mix MD","doi":"10.1016/j.jvssci.2025.100287","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jvssci.2025.100287","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Background&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;This study aimed to quantify the nonbiologic effects of Shape Memory IMPEDE-FX embolization plug deployment rate and packing volume on pressure-normalized wall strain (&lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mover&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;ε&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;ρ&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;+&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;mo&gt;¯&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mover&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;/PP) of an idealized 3D-printed abdominal aortic aneurysm model.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Methods&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;An endograft was deployed into an abdominal aortic aneurysm model and connected to an industry-validated hemodynamic simulator. Plugs were deployed into the excluded sac to packing volumes of 100%, 200%, 300%, and 400% under two conditions: (1) sequential and (2) immediate deployment. Axial ultrasound images were taken for each packing volume. Frame-to-frame displacements of the aneurysm wall were measured with ultrasound elastography over one cardiac cycle and normalized to the circuit's pulse pressure to calculate the mean principal strain (&lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mover&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;ε&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;ρ&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;+&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;mo&gt;¯&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mover&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;/PP).&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Results&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;In the 100% packing condition, &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mover&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;ε&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;ρ&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;+&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;mo&gt;¯&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mover&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;/PP was +113% above baseline at 15 minutes. After sequential deployment to 400%, the &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mover&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;ε&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;ρ&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;+&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;mo&gt;¯&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mover&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;/PP trended down to +43% above baseline. Immediate packing was associated with a greater &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mover&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;ε&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;ρ&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;+&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;mo&gt;¯&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mover&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;/PP reduction than sequential packing. When packed immediately to 400%, the &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mover&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;ε&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;ρ&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;+&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;mo&gt;¯&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mover&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;/PP was −6.7% below baseline.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Conclusions&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;These modeling data suggest that an immediate deployment strategy and higher plug packing volumes are associated with lower &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mover&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;ε&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;ρ&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;+&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;mo&gt;¯&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mover&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;/PP, which has been associated with decreased sac growth rates.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Clinical Relevance&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;The present findings suggest that rapid, high-volume filling of IMPEDE-FX embolization plugs results in a reduction in wall &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mover&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;ε&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;ρ&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;+&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;mo&gt;¯&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mover&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;/PP, independent of thrombus formation. Fully expanded embolization plugs in aggregate limit pulsatile aortic sac displacement likely contribute to a greater reduction in overall wall strain compared with low packing volumes. These findings may inform clinical application for this device, supporting a rapid and high-volume deployment strategy for greater reduction in &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mover&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;ε&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;ρ&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;+&lt;/mo&gt;","PeriodicalId":74035,"journal":{"name":"JVS-vascular science","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100287"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143937846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Narrative review of endothelial cell metabolism and aberrations in atherosclerosis and peripheral artery disease","authors":"Sean M. Carr PhD,&nbsp;Ottis Scrivner PhD,&nbsp;Katherine Elizabeth Hekman MD, PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.jvssci.2025.100285","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jvssci.2025.100285","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Several decades of medical research have shown an intricate and definitive connection between dysfunctional endothelium and cardiovascular disorders, including atherosclerosis and peripheral artery disease (PAD). Initial investigations into endothelial cell (EC) physiology highlighted excretion of protein-based growth factors and their signaling pathways with highly specific targets. However, more recent research has focused on nonprotein metabolic signaling.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A narrative review methodology was used. The review involved keyword searches of electronic databases, including Medline and ScienceDirect, conducted in March through October 2022. Review search terms included “endothelial cell metabolism,” “peripheral artery disease metabolism,” “angiogenesis metabolism,” and “endothelial cell metabolic regulation.” The search included primary research articles and subject matter narrative reviews. Abstracts were reviewed for English-language articles published between 2003 and 2022 and supplemented with targeted reference tracing.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Small-molecular-weight metabolites have been found to regulate key EC functions such as angiogenesis directly. More specifically, they impact EC behavior through control of energy production, de novo biomass synthesis, redox homeostasis, and production of gases like nitric oxide and hydrogen sulfide. Recent investigations targeting these metabolic pathways have yielded preliminary success in correcting undesirable endothelial dysfunction in atherosclerosis and PAD.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Further investigations into therapeutic targeting of EC metabolism may yield novel approaches for treating PAD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74035,"journal":{"name":"JVS-vascular science","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100285"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143927449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative analysis between abdominal aortic aneurysm and popliteal artery aneurysm","authors":"Marcos Vinícius Melo de Oliveira MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Alexandre Malta Brandão MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Gina Camillo Rocha Silvestre BS ,&nbsp;Alexandre Queiroz Silva BS ,&nbsp;Michele Alberto Marques BS ,&nbsp;Marcia Martins Reis PhD ,&nbsp;Maria de Lourdes Higuchi MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Erasmo Simão da Silva MD, PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.jvssci.2024.100279","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jvssci.2024.100279","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Infrarenal abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) and popliteal artery aneurysm (PAA) are localized arterial dilatations with distinct clinical outcomes. This study aimed to comprehensively compare these two types of aneurysms' biomechanical, histological, and immunohistochemical characteristics.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study included 180 patients with AAA and 18 with PAA. Medical history and imaging data were collected. Biomechanical testing assessed arterial wall mechanical strength and elasticity, and histological and immunohistochemical analyses examined tissue composition and inflammatory markers.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>PAA wall fragments demonstrate higher failure strain energy (13.36 N/m² vs 9.95 N/m²; <em>P</em> = .023), a measure of mechanical strength. Regarding immunohistochemical markers, AAA exhibited more B lymphocyte cells in the adventitia (CD20 1475.50 vs 320; <em>P</em> = .003) compared with PAA. Additionally, AAA demonstrated more adipogenic differentiation in the adventitia (PPARgamma 4854.50 vs 778; <em>P</em> = .009), whereas PAA showed more adipogenic differentiation in the intima (KLF5 283.50 vs 77.50; <em>P</em> = .039).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>PAA wall fragments demonstrate greater mechanical strength compared with AAA wall fragments. In contrast, AAA walls contain a greater number of B lymphocytes within the adventitia compared with PAA walls. Adipogenic differentiation is more pronounced in the adventitia of AAA than in PAA, whereas in PAA, it is more prominent in the intima compared with AAA.</div></div><div><h3>Clinical Relevance</h3><div>The clinical significance of this study lies in its potential to enhance our understanding of the distinct pathophysiological mechanisms underlying abdominal aortic aneurysms, which is often associated with rupture, and popliteal artery aneurysms, which are more prone to thrombosis and distal embolization. By comprehensively comparing the biomechanical, histological, and immunohistochemical aspects of these two aneurysm types, the study aims to illuminate the factors contributing to their differing clinical presentations and outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74035,"journal":{"name":"JVS-vascular science","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100279"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143139172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Moving away from metal: Step toward the future with bioresorbable vascular scaffolds and novel antiproliferative agents","authors":"Blair E. Warren MD, MSCS ,&nbsp;Kong-Teng Tan MD ,&nbsp;Dheeraj K. Rajan MD ,&nbsp;Miranda Witheford MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Sean Crawford MD, MSc ,&nbsp;Arash Jaberi MD, MEd ,&nbsp;Sebastian Mafeld MBBS","doi":"10.1016/j.jvssci.2024.100277","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jvssci.2024.100277","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is a common source of morbidity and mortality globally and is expected to raise increase in prevalence. Many endovascular techniques exist to manage PAD; however, there remains room for improvement, especially as it relates to below-the-knee vessels. Recent evidence and devices are leading to a resurgence of interest in bioresorbable vascular scaffolds and the -limus family of antiproliferative drugs in the PAD treatment space.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This nonsystematic review examines emerging technology for treatment of PAD with a specific focus on below-the-knee vessels and bioresorbable vascular scaffolds. Additional emerging and early technology such as novel delivery platforms are also briefly discussed with directions of future research highlighted.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Bioresorbable vascular scaffold biomechanics and history are highlighted. Foundational knowledge of antiproliferative agents and evolving agents in peripheral vascular disease are also described.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Bioresorbable vascular scaffolds are an additional endovascular tool for the treatment of peripheral vascular disease. The integration with an antiproliferative agent may result in improved patency and performance; however, there is a paucity of data in the literature at present.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74035,"journal":{"name":"JVS-vascular science","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100277"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143139171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}