Journal, genetic engineering & biotechnology最新文献

{"title":"A novel anti-lipopolysaccharide factor from blue swimmer crab Portunus pelagicus and its cytotoxic effect on the prokaryotic expression host, E. coli on heterologous expression.","authors":"M V Anju, K Archana, V V Anooja, P P Athira, S Neelima, I S Bright Singh, Rosamma Philip","doi":"10.1186/s43141-023-00478-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s43141-023-00478-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Invertebrates like crabs employ their own immune systems to fight against a number of invasive infections. Anti-lipopolysaccharide factors (ALFs) are an important class of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) exhibiting binding and neutralizing activities against lipopolysaccharides.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study identified and characterized a novel homolog of ALF (Pp-ALF) from the blue swimmer crab Portunus pelagicus. Pp-ALF has a 369bp open-reading frame encoding a protein with 123 amino acids. The deduced protein featured an LPS-binding domain and a signal peptide. The predicted tertiary structure of Pp-ALF contains three α helices packed against four β sheets. The deduced amino acid sequence of Pp-ALF had a net positive charge of +10.75 and an isoelectric point of 9.8. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that Pp-ALF has a strong ancestral relationship with crab ALFs.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal, anticancer, and antibiofilm activities of Pp-ALF could be revealed by in silico prediction tools. Recombinant expression of Pp-ALF was unsuccessful in the Escherichia coli Rosetta-gami expression system due to the cytotoxic effect of the peptide to the host. The toxic effect of Pp-ALF to the host was displayed by membrane permeabilization and death of the host cells by fluorescent staining with Syto9-Propidium Iodide and CTC-DAPI- FITC.</p>","PeriodicalId":74026,"journal":{"name":"Journal, genetic engineering & biotechnology","volume":"21 1","pages":"22"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2023-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9941410/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10816188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization, antimicrobial and antitumor activity of superoxide dismutase extracted from Egyptian honeybee venom (Apis mellifera lamarckii).","authors":"Mohamed M Abdel-Monsef,&nbsp;Doaa A Darwish,&nbsp;Hind A Zidan,&nbsp;Ahmed A Hamed,&nbsp;Mahmoud A Ibrahim","doi":"10.1186/s43141-023-00470-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s43141-023-00470-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Superoxide dismutase is an important antioxidative stress enzyme which is found in honeybee venom and has a wide pharmaceutical and medical applications.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We reported the purification and characterization of venom SOD from Egyptian honeybee Apis mellifera lamarckii and termed BVSOD. It was purified to homogeneity from the Egyptian honeybee venom. The purification procedures included crude extraction, DEAE-cellulose anion exchange column chromatography, and Sephacryl S-300 gel filtration column chromatography. The purified BVSOD is found to be homogeneous as investigated by native PAGE. It exhibited homodimeric structure with a molecular weight of native form of 32 kDa and subunits of 16.0 kDa. It displayed the maximum activity at pH 7.4. CuCl₂, ZnCl₂, and MgCl₂ and elevated the activity of BVSOD, while CoCl₂, FeCl₂, and NiCl₂ inhibited BVSOD activity. Potassium cyanide and hydrogen peroxide were most potent inhibitors for BVSOD activity suggesting that it is a Cu/Zn-SOD type.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The purified BVSOD is found to have antimicrobial and antitumor activities which can be used for various medical and clinical applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":74026,"journal":{"name":"Journal, genetic engineering & biotechnology","volume":"21 1","pages":"21"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9941395/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10822506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biosynthesis of a VLP-type nanocarrier specific to cancer cells using the BEVS expression system for targeted drug delivery.","authors":"Mohammad Sadegh Hashemzadeh,&nbsp;Nariman Gharari","doi":"10.1186/s43141-023-00479-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s43141-023-00479-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Canine parvovirus (CPV) is a small virus without an envelope that consists of three viral proteins including VP1, VP2, and VP3. Exclusively, the VP2 can form a typically CPV-sized virus-like particle (CPV-VLP) that can be used as a biological nanocarrier for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes since these VLPs can target cancer cells specially through the transferrin surface receptors (TFRs). Consequently, we aimed to produce these nanocarriers to be used for specific targeting of cancer cells.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Sf9 insect cells were transfected with constructed recombinant bacmid shuttle vector encoding an enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) and CPV-VP2 by the cationic lipids of Cellfectin II. Subsequently, two recombinant baculoviruses expressing EGFP and VP2 were produced and expression of VP2 was increased under the optimal condition. In consequence, the CPV-VLP nanoparticles composed of recombinant VP2 subunits were extracted. The purity of VLPs was then evaluated by SDS-PAGE, and the structural integrity and quality of the final product were evaluated by TEM and HA methods. Eventually, the size distribution of the produced biological nanoparticles and their uniformity were determined by the DLS method.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The expression of EGFP protein was confirmed by fluorescent microscopy, and the expression of VP2 protein was evaluated by SDS-PAGE and western blotting. Infected Sf9 insect cells also showed cytopathic effects (CPEs), and the maximum expression of VP2 occurred at MOI of 10 (pfu/cell) at the harvest time of 72 h post-infection (hpi). After performing various stages of purification, buffer exchange, and concentration, the quality and structural integrity of the VLP product were confirmed. The results of the DLS technique showed the presence of uniform particles (PdI below 0.5) with an approximate size of 25 nm.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results indicate BEVS as an appropriate and efficient system for generating CPV-VLPs, and the used method based on two-stage ultracentrifugation was appropriate for purifying these nanoparticles. Produced nanoparticles can be used as the biologic nano-carriers in future studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":74026,"journal":{"name":"Journal, genetic engineering & biotechnology","volume":"21 1","pages":"20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9932404/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9586135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detection of carrier Booroola (Fec^B) allele in BMPR1B gene of MEGA (Merino × Garut) sheep and its association with growth traits.","authors":"Endang Tri Margawati,&nbsp;Widya Pintaka Bayu Putra,&nbsp;Muhammad Rizki,&nbsp;Edi Soetrisno,&nbsp;Herman Willem Raadsma","doi":"10.1186/s43141-023-00475-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s43141-023-00475-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Bone morphogenetic protein receptor 1B (BMPR1B) gene is one of candidate genes for reproductive and growth traits in sheep. The present study was aimed to detect the Booroola (Fec^B) allele in BMPR1B gene and its association with growth traits in MEGA (Merino × Garut) sheep. A total of 82DNA samples collected from individual lamb (mixed-sex) blood were genotyped for allelic polymorphism using a PCR-RFLP method.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The PCR analysis in BMPR1B gene resulted the amplicons with size of140 bp. The RFLP analysis with AvaII restriction enzymeresultedtwo allelic types of wildtype (A/Fec⁺) and mutant or Booroola (G/Fec^B) with frequency of 0.89 and 0.11, respectively. However, the genetic diversity in BMPR1B/AvaII gene of animal studies was categorized tolow category (PIC = 0.18)and under in a genetic equilibrium (χ² = 1.25).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Itshowed us that carrying Fec^B allele in the heterozygous sheep were not associated with growth traits in MEGA sheep.</p>","PeriodicalId":74026,"journal":{"name":"Journal, genetic engineering & biotechnology","volume":"21 1","pages":"19"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9931984/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10738155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biotechnologically potential genes in a polysaccharide-degrading epibiont of the Indonesian brown algae Hydroclathrus sp.","authors":"Stalis Norma Ethica,&nbsp;Dewi Seswita Zilda,&nbsp;Oedjijono Oedjijono,&nbsp;Muhtadi Muhtadi,&nbsp;Gintung Patantis,&nbsp;Sri Darmawati,&nbsp;Sri Sinto Dewi,&nbsp;Agus Sabdono,&nbsp;Agustinus Robert Uria","doi":"10.1186/s43141-023-00461-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s43141-023-00461-5","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Marine bacteria have recently attracted increasing attention to be harnessed for the production of valuable enzymes, vitamins, and bioactive compounds. Bacteria associated with the surfaces of marine macroalgae, called epibionts, are particularly interesting from ecological and biotechnological points of view, as they often exhibit antimicrobial activities to compete with pathogenic bacteria for nutrients and spaces. In search for biotechnologically potential genes from marine bacteria, we sequenced and analysed the genome of the epibiont HI03-3b, a polysaccharide-degrading bacterium associated with the surface of the Indonesian brown algae Hydroclathrus sp.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The algal epibiont HI03-3b has a genome of approximately 4,860,704 bp in size with 42.02 mol% G + C content, consisting of 5655 open reading frames (ORFs), 4409 genes coding for proteins (CDSs), 94 genes for tRNAs, and 32 genes for rRNAs. The genome sequence of HI03-3b was most closely related to that of Cytobacillus firmus NCTC10335 with the average amino acid identity (AAI) of 95.0 %, average nucleotide identity (ANI) of 94.1 %, and a recommended DNA-DNA hybridization (DDH) of 57.60 %. These scores are lower than the most frequently used standard for species demarcation (95% ANI cutoff) and the new species threshold (DDH &gt; 70.0% for the same bacterial species). Some differences in genome features and gene composition were observed between HI03-3b and NCTC10335, such as genes encoding carbohydrate active enzymes. These suggest that HI03-3b is unique and likely a novel species within Cytobacillus genus, and we therefore proposed its name as Cytobacillus wakatobiense HI03-3b. Genome sequence analyses indicated the presence of genes involved not only in polysaccharide and protein degradation but also in vitamin and secondary metabolite biosynthesis. Some of them encode enzymes and compounds with biotechnological interest, such as protease, chitinase, subtilisin, pullulanase, and bacillolysin, which are often associated with antimicrobial or antibiofilm activities. This antimicrobial potential is supported by our finding that the extracellular protein fraction of this epibiont inhibited the growth of the bacterial pathogen Staphylococcus aureus.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;The epibiont Cytobacillus HI03-3b harbours genes for polysaccharide and protein degradation as well as for natural product biosynthesis, suggesting its potential ecological roles in outcompeting other bacteria during biofilm formation as well as in protecting its algal host from predation. Due to the presence of genes for vitamin biosynthesis, it might also provide the algal host with vitamins for growth and development. Some of these metabolic genes are biotechnologically important, as they could become a platform for bioengineering to generate various seaweed-derived substances sustainably, such as antibiofilm agents and vitamins, which are beneficial for","PeriodicalId":74026,"journal":{"name":"Journal, genetic engineering & biotechnology","volume":"21 1","pages":"18"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9928984/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9302754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Brevibacillus DesertYSK and Rhizobium MAP7 stimulate the growth and pigmentation of Lactuca sativa L.","authors":"Amr M Mowafy,&nbsp;Sherouk Khalifa,&nbsp;Ashraf Elsayed","doi":"10.1186/s43141-023-00465-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s43141-023-00465-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Applying microbial biostimulants during crop cultivation allows for higher sustainability levels. It reduces the need for fertilizers and environmental contaminants while enhancing plant quality. This study assessed 13 endophytic bacteria, 4 newly isolated, and 9 donated, for plant growth-promoting capabilities. Quantitative assessments of indole acetic acid (IAA), gibberellic acid (GA₃), siderophores, ammonia, exopolysaccharides, volatile HCN, and phosphate solubilization, along with Bray-Curtis cluster analyses were performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Upon the results  we selected RhizobiumMAP7, Brevibacillus DesertYSK, Pseudomonas MAP8, BacillusMAP3, Brevibacillus MAP, and Bacillus DeltaYSK to evaluate their effects on Lactuca sativa growth and pigmentation in a 30-day greenhouse pot experiment. Both Brevibacillus DesertYSK and Rhizobium MAP7surpassed other strains in growth promotional effects. They doubled shoot length (12 and 12.3 cm, respectively, when compared with 7 cm for control after 30 days), and fresh weight (0.079 and 0.084 g, respectively, when compared with 0.045 g for control after 30 days), and increased root length by at least 3-fold when compared with control (4.5 and 3.5 cm, respectively, when compared with 1.2 cm for control after 30 days). Chlorophyll content also exhibited at least a 2-fold significant increase in response to bacterization compared with control.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This strain superiority was consistent with the in vitro assays data that showed strains capability as IAA and GA₃producers. Also, strains were highly capable ammonia and siderophore producers and phosphate solubilizers, providing considerable hormone and nutrient levels for L. sativa plantsleading to improved growth parameters and appearance. These data support the notion that nodule-based bacteria are potential plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) that may be used on a wider scale rather than just for legumes.</p>","PeriodicalId":74026,"journal":{"name":"Journal, genetic engineering & biotechnology","volume":"21 1","pages":"17"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9925635/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10734477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Production of a novel laccase from Ceratorhiza hydrophila and assessing its potential in natural dye fixation and cytotoxicity against tumor cells.","authors":"Yasmin M Elsaba,&nbsp;Heba M El-Hennawi,&nbsp;Mona M Ibrahim,&nbsp;Hala R Wehaidy","doi":"10.1186/s43141-023-00473-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s43141-023-00473-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Flavonoid natural dyes have gained attention because they are nontoxic and eco-friendly. However, they do not work effectively with artificial fibers and require the use of mordants, which are considered as hazardous chemicals. Laccase enzyme catalyzes the oxidation of phenols, forming phenoxyl radicals that undergo a further polymerization process. So, laccase can oxidize flavonoid dyes, and it can be used instead of harmful mordants in flavonoid dye fixation on cotton fabrics. Laccases also are involved in a variety of metabolic processes, and they have anti-proliferative effects toward HepG2 and MCF-7 tumor cells.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among fifteen fungal isolates, the fungus Ceratorhiza hydrophila isolated from the submerged plant Myriophyllum spicatum was selected as the most potent laccase producer. Optimization of the production medium resulted in a 9.9-fold increase in laccase productivity. The partially purified Ceratorhiza hydrophila laccase could successfully improve the affinity of cotton fabrics toward quercetin (flavonoid) dye with excellent color fastness properties. The partially purified laccase also showed anti-proliferative activity against HepG2 and MCF-7 tumor cells. However, high laccase concentration is required to estimate IC50.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Ceratorhiza hydrophila MK387081 is an excellent laccase producer. The partially purified laccase from Ceratorhiza hydrophila can be used in textile dyeing and printing processes as a safer alternative to the conventional hazardous mordants. Also, it can be used in preparation of cancer treatment drugs. However, further studies are needed to investigate IC50 for both cell types at higher laccase concentrations.</p>","PeriodicalId":74026,"journal":{"name":"Journal, genetic engineering & biotechnology","volume":"21 1","pages":"14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9911566/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9260760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study of exopolysaccharide produced by Streptomyces rochie strain OF1 and its effect as ameliorative on osteoarthritis in rats via inhibiting TNF-α/COX2 pathway.","authors":"Sahar Saleh Mohamed,&nbsp;Mohamed E El Awady,&nbsp;Sayeda Abdelrazek Abdelhamid,&nbsp;Ahmed Abdelghani Hamed,&nbsp;Abeer A A Salama,&nbsp;Manal S Selim","doi":"10.1186/s43141-023-00471-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s43141-023-00471-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Carbohydrates are known as the main natural products of life activities.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Streptomyces rochie strain OF1 isolated from a mangrove tree produced exopolysaccharide S5 (EPSS5) (14.2 gl^-1) containing uronic acid 21.98% sulfate content of 11.65 mg/ml, and a viscosity of 1.35 mm²/s. while total hexose amine content was 24.72%. The high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis of mono sugars revealed that EPS was composed of manouronic acid, glucuronic acid, xylose, and fructose at a molar ratio of 1.0:0.5:1.0:2.0, respectively. It showed that the whole antioxidant activity was 92.06%. It showed antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, and E. coli, MRSA and Klebsiella pneumoniae. But, EPSS5 displayed low antifungal activity against Candida albicans. While no antifungal activity has been detected against Aspergillus niger. EPSS5 has antibiofilm action that is noticeable toward S. aureus with an inhibition ratio of biofilm up to 50%. Effect of EPS on serum levels of TNF-α and COX2 by 2 fold and 1.9 fold of EPS reduced serum levels of Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) by 38%, 12%, 49%, and Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2) by 61%, 34%, and 62%, respectively. By affected of EPSS5 on arthritis in rats stimulated by carrageenan.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Administration of EPS ameliorated carrageen-induced elevation in inflammatory mediators; TNF-α/COX and suppressed the expressions of metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9) by 68%, 86%, and 75% correspondingly in comparison to the group of carrageenans. Then again, therapy involving a high dose only reduced MMP9 level by 57%, compared to free drug suggesting that EPSS5 is a good inhibitor of the MMP9, as it brought MMP9 back to normal levels via the signaling pathway.</p>","PeriodicalId":74026,"journal":{"name":"Journal, genetic engineering & biotechnology","volume":"21 1","pages":"12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9911575/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9260755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing diversity and phylogeny of Indonesian breadfruit (Artocarpus spp.) using internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region and leaf morphology.","authors":"Dindin Hidayatul Mursyidin,&nbsp;Akbar Setiawan","doi":"10.1186/s43141-023-00476-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s43141-023-00476-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Breadfruit (Artocarpus spp.) is the main genus of Moraceae with multipurpose benefits, both ecologically and economically important, e.g., food ingredients, building materials, traditional medicine, and natural insecticides. However, most endemic Artocarpus have been threatened due to natural disasters and habitat degradation. The objective of our study was to determine the genetic diversity and relationships of endemic Artocarpus from South Borneo, Indonesia, using an internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region and leaf morphology.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Morphologically, endemic Artocarpus endemic to South Borneo, Indonesia, has a different leaf shape, i.e., narrow-obovate to broad-elliptic, from simple to deeply dissected. Following the ITS region, this germplasm has a moderate level of nucleotide diversity (0.069). The phylogenetic analysis revealed Artocarpus into four (4) main clades, where the nearest is shown by the 'Puyian' (Artocarpus rigidus) and 'Binturung' (Artocarpus odoratissimus) at a coefficient divergence of 0.027, whereas the furthest by 'Kulur' (A. camansi) and 'Tiwadak' (A. integer) at a coefficient of 0.132.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In brief, although an endemic Artocarpus of South Borneo, Indonesia, has a moderate level of nucleotide diversity, this germplasm also shows a unique phylogenetic relationship. Thus, this information is urgent in supporting the future Artocarpus breeding and preservation programs, mainly to save this germplasm from being threatened.</p>","PeriodicalId":74026,"journal":{"name":"Journal, genetic engineering & biotechnology","volume":"21 1","pages":"15"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9911577/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10693076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Significance of MiRNA-34a and MiRNA-192 as a risk factor for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.","authors":"Halla M Ragab,&nbsp;Wafaa M Ezzat,&nbsp;Eman Mahmoud Hassan,&nbsp;Nabila Abd El Maksoud,&nbsp;Mie Afify,&nbsp;Mohamed D E Abd El-Maksoud,&nbsp;Wafaa Abd Elaziz","doi":"10.1186/s43141-023-00467-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s43141-023-00467-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aims: </strong>NAFLD is one of the fast-growing health problems that affects up to 25% of people worldwide. Numerous miRNAs have been clarified as important regulators of liver pathophysiology, including NAFLD. Thus, we investigated the expression of the MiRNA-34a and MiRNA-192 as diagnostic markers for NAFLD.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>Blood samples were collected from NAFLD cases and healthy controls. The expression profile of both studied miRNAs was detected via real-time PCR analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The present study showed that both studied miRNAs were upregulated in NAFLD patients compared to controls. Interestingly, miRNA-34a and MiRNA-192 are upregulated in NAFLD patients with early fibrosis compared to controls [with a fold change of 4.02 ± 11.49 (P = 0.05) and 18.43 ± 47.8 (P = 0.017), respectively]. However, miRNA-34a is downregulated in NAFLD patients with advanced fibrosis compared to controls, with fold expression of 0.65 ± 1.17 (P = 0.831). The area under the receiver operating characteristics (AUROC) for miRNA-34a and miRNA-192 were 0.790 and 0.643, respectively; furthermore, the sensitivities and specificities were 76.7%, 100% for miRNA-34a and 63.3%, and 93.3% for miRNA-192 (P < 0.05). Additionally, MiRNA34a was positively correlated with hypertension and fasting blood sugar, and it also was negatively correlated with hemoglobin level and total leucocyte count (P < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results obtained indicated that both studied miRNAs could potentially be used as diagnostic biomarkers for the early stage of liver fibrosis in NAFLD cases. Also, miRNA-34a was positively correlated with metabolic disorders associated with NAFLD such as hypertension and diabetes. However, their expression showed no association with advanced fibrosis. Thus, larger cohorts are necessitated to certify the utility of serum MiRNA-34a and MiRNA-192 in monitoring the deterioration of NAFLD.</p>","PeriodicalId":74026,"journal":{"name":"Journal, genetic engineering & biotechnology","volume":"21 1","pages":"13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9911573/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9260756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}