Journal of translational science最新文献

{"title":"Brain nutrients: Cerebral metabolism and micronutrients","authors":"U. Gröber, M. Holick, K. Kisters","doi":"10.15761/jts.1000399","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/jts.1000399","url":null,"abstract":"Optimal cognitive capacity is vital throughout all stages of life. Most notably a healthy nutrition in childhood and adolescence is crucial for brain development and cognitive performance. Micronutrients are an essential component of several general cellular functions as well as of functions to neurologic activity such as the synthesis of dopamine, serotonin, and myelin formation. An adequate dietary supply with brain active micronutrients, such as vitamins, minerals and omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids is therefore in school children of essential significance. The possibilities and limitations to boost the cognitive capacity of children for the purpose of a “brain doping” will be discussed. ISSN: 2639-4391","PeriodicalId":74000,"journal":{"name":"Journal of translational science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45938898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plasma lipids, tumor parameters and survival in HCC patients with HBV and HCV.","authors":"H Akkiz, B I Carr, V Guerra, R Donghia, K Yalçın, U Karaoğullarından, E Altıntaş, A Özakyol, H Şimşek, H Y Balaban, A Balkan, A Uyanıkoğlu, N Ekin, A Delik","doi":"10.15761/jts.1000421","DOIUrl":"10.15761/jts.1000421","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction and aims: </strong>Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a consequence of chronic liver disease, particularly from hepatitis B or C and increasingly from obesity and metabolic syndrome. Since lipids are an important component of cell membranes and are involved in cell signaling and tumor cell growth, we wished to evaluate the relationship between HCC patient plasma lipids and maximum tumor diameter and other indices of HCC human biology.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We examined prospectively-collected data from a multi-institutional collaborative Turkish HCC working group, from predominantly HBV-based patients, for plasma lipid profiles, consisting of triglycerides, total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol (LDL) and HDL-cholesterol (HDL) and compared these with the associated patient maximum tumor diameter (MTD), portal vein thrombosis, alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and also with patient survival.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found that both low HDL (p=0.0002) and high LDL (p=0.003) levels were significantly associated with increased MTD, as well as in a final multiple linear regression model on MTD. The combination of low HDL combined with high HDL levels were significant in a regression model on MTD, PVT and an HCC Aggressiveness Index (Odds Ratio 12.91 compared to an Odds Ratio of 1 for the reference). Furthermore, in a Cox regression model on death, the HDL plus LDL combination had a significantly higher Hazard Ratio than the reference category.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Low plasma HDL, high plasma LDL and especially the combination, were significantly related to more aggressive HCC phenotype and the combination was significantly related to a higher Hazard Ratio for death.</p>","PeriodicalId":74000,"journal":{"name":"Journal of translational science","volume":"7 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8389344/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39364769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serum levels of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase in relation to HCC human biology and prognosis.","authors":"B I Carr,&nbsp;H Akkiz,&nbsp;H G Bag,&nbsp;U Karaoğullarından,&nbsp;K Yalçın,&nbsp;N Ekin,&nbsp;A Özakyol,&nbsp;E Altıntaş,&nbsp;H Y Balaban,&nbsp;H Şimşek,&nbsp;A Uyanıkoğlu,&nbsp;A Balkan,&nbsp;S Kuran,&nbsp;O Üsküdar,&nbsp;Y Ülger,&nbsp;B Güney,&nbsp;A Delik","doi":"10.15761/jts.1000446","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/jts.1000446","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aim: </strong>Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) biomarkers are limited, as even the best studied, alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), is elevated in no more than 50% of HCC patients. The aim was to evaluate several serum liver function tests in relation to survival and tumor characteristics in a large cohort of Turkish HCC patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively examined the serum levels of gamma glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) in relation to patient survival.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that only GGT and albumin amongst liver function tests, were significantly associated with survival. Survival worsened with increase in GGT levels semi-quantitatively. Increase in GGT levels was also found to significantly correlate with an increase in maximum tumor diameter from 4.5 to 7 cm, a 20-fold increase in serum alpha-fetoprotein level, an increase in tumor multifocality from 20 to 54% of patients, and a doubling in percent of patients with portal vein thrombosis (PVT) from 20 to 40%. Serum GGT levels also showed significant survival differences for patients with low AFP levels. A doublet combination of serum GGT with albumin levels was associated with higher hazard ratios in a Cox regression analysis, as compared with single parameter GGT. The combination parameter pair was also prognostically useful in the low-AFP patient subcohort and was associated with significant differences in patient tumor characteristics.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Serum GGT levels and especially combination serum GGT plus albumin levels, were significantly associated both with HCC patient survival and tumor aggressiveness characteristics, regardless of AFP levels in a large Turkish cohort. This might be especially useful since the majority of HCC patients do not have elevated levels of AFP.</p>","PeriodicalId":74000,"journal":{"name":"Journal of translational science","volume":"7 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8445320/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39430651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The geropathology of organ-specific aging.","authors":"Jenna Klug, Sara Christensen, Denise M Imai, Timothy A Snider, Warren Ladiges","doi":"10.15761/jts.1000458","DOIUrl":"10.15761/jts.1000458","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Aging is a complex multidimensional process of progressive decline affecting multiple organ systems by a number of processes that are still not well understood. While many studies have focused on the approach of studying aging across multiple organs, assessment of the contribution of individual organs to overall aging processes is under appreciated. The ability to study and compare organs in the context of organismal aging has been documented recently using a geropathology grading platform in laboratory mice. This concept consists of identifying and grading age-related histologic lesions within organs to generate a quantitative lesion score for each organ, which is representative of the presence and degree of organ-related pathology, and can be compared to scores from other organs examined. This geropathology approach provides a powerful tool to elucidate the basic mechanisms of aging in multiple organs, as well as the response of organs to therapeutic interventions. Furthermore, ongoing work with the concept has expanded and adapted the geropathology grading system to other preclinical animal model species that are commonly used to understand disease associated phenotypes in aging humans, ultimately adding to the utility of the concept.</p>","PeriodicalId":74000,"journal":{"name":"Journal of translational science","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8425292/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10755956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differential effects of minocycline on microvascular complications in murine models of type 1 and type 2 diabetes.","authors":"Stephanie A Eid,&nbsp;Phillipe D O'Brien,&nbsp;Lucy M Hinder,&nbsp;John M Hayes,&nbsp;Faye E Mendelson,&nbsp;Hongyu Zhang,&nbsp;Samanthi Narayanan,&nbsp;Steven F Abcouwer,&nbsp;Frank C Brosius,&nbsp;Subramaniam Pennathur,&nbsp;Masha G Savelieff,&nbsp;Eva L Feldman","doi":"10.15761/jts.1000431","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/jts.1000431","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Diabetes is a global healthcare problem associated with enormous healthcare and personal costs. Despite glucose lowering agents that control glycaemia, both type 1 (T1D) and type (T2D) diabetes patients often develop microvascular complications that increase morbidity and mortality. Current interventions rely on careful glycemic control and healthy lifestyle choices, but these are ineffective at reversing or completely preventing the major microvascular complications, diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN), diabetic retinopathy (DR), and diabetic kidney disease (DKD). Minocycline, a tetracycline antibiotic with anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic properties, has been proposed as a protective agent in diabetes. However, there are no reported studies evaluating the therapeutic efficacy of minocycline in T1D and T2D models for all microvascular complications (DPN, DR, and DKD). Therefore, we performed metabolic profiling in streptozotocin-induced T1D and db/db T2D models and compared the efficacy of minocycline in preventing complications to that of insulin and pioglitazone in both models. Minocycline partially ameliorated DR and DKD in T1D and T2D animals, but was less effective than insulin or pioglitazone, and failed to improve DPN in either model. These results suggest that minocycline is unlikely to improve outcomes beyond that achieved with current available therapies in patients with T1D or T2D associated microvascular complications.</p>","PeriodicalId":74000,"journal":{"name":"Journal of translational science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8048053/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38886433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Conducting a pre-consent process for clinical trials: Promoting a more-true informed consent","authors":"Wong Lx, Wong Jc, B. Chee, Bloom Gm, Sharma Mj, G. Liang, Park Jm","doi":"10.15761/jts.1000415","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/jts.1000415","url":null,"abstract":"1Department of Clinical Research and Leadership, The George Washington University, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, USA 2Department of Hematology and Oncology, Gastrointestinal Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, USA 3Department of Nursing, University of San Francisco School of Nursing and Health Professions, USA 4Department of Primary Care, Touro University College of Osteopathic Medicine – California, USA 5Department of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy and Sleep Medicine, Interstitial Lung Disease, University of California, San Francisco, USA 6Department of Law, Santa Clara University School of Law, USA 7Department of Medical Education, Rush University Medical College, USA","PeriodicalId":74000,"journal":{"name":"Journal of translational science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67492485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical features of stercoral perforation of colon compared with perforated colon diverticulum: A single center experience","authors":"Takahiro Murakami, Morihiro Katsura, Masafumi Ie, Takashi Kato","doi":"10.15761/jts.1000441","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/jts.1000441","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74000,"journal":{"name":"Journal of translational science","volume":"165 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67493133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the global animal biodiversity in the search for new drugs - Reptiles","authors":"Dennis R.A. Mans, M. Djotaroeno, J. Pawirodihardjo, P. Friperson","doi":"10.15761/jts.1000457","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/jts.1000457","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74000,"journal":{"name":"Journal of translational science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67499105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The occurrence of antibody dependent enhancement (ADE) in SARS-CoV-2 infection: implications for treatment","authors":"M. Guastalegname, Laura D’argenio, A. Vallone","doi":"10.15761/jts.1000449","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/jts.1000449","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74000,"journal":{"name":"Journal of translational science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67499516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stress in healthcare personnel involved in neonatal resuscitation – A systematic review","authors":"Styliani Paliatsiou, T. Boutsikou, T. Xanthos, Paraskevi Volak, R. Sokou, Z. Iliodromiti, N. Iacovidou","doi":"10.15761/jts.1000447","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/jts.1000447","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74000,"journal":{"name":"Journal of translational science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67498239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}