Journal of the West African College of Surgeons最新文献

{"title":"Exploring Anatomical Variations and Potential Associations between the Upper Urinary Tract and Renal Vasculature: Findings from 160-Slice CT Imaging in Northern Nigeria.","authors":"Ahmad Bashir Umar, Kabiru Isyaku, Sani A Aji, Anas Ismail","doi":"10.4103/jwas.jwas_118_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jwas.jwas_118_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>As anatomical variations relate to the urinary system, knowledge on them is valuable, especially in the proper evaluation and conduction of surgical as well as interventional procedures of the urinary tract. The study aimed to determine the prevalence and possible association between anatomical variations of the upper urinary tract and renal vasculature.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A total of 200 computed tomograms were generated with Toshiba Aquilion Prime 160-slice scanner and analysed for the presence of potential anatomical variations using a Vitrea multi-modality work station capable of image post-processing by two expert radiologists.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Anatomical variations of the upper urinary tract were commoner on the right with a prevalence of 33.5% and 29.0% on the right and left, respectively, while for the renal vasculature, the variations are commoner on the left at 27.0% and 28.5%, respectively. The most common anatomical variation of the upper urinary tract found on the right was extra-renal bifid pelvis at 25 (12.5%), while on the left, it was baggy extra-renal pelvis at 27 (13.5%). Early branching hilar renal artery and accessory superior polar renal artery, both at 19 (9.5%), were the most common renal vasculature variations on the right and left, respectively. There was a statistically significant association between anatomical variations of the upper urinary tract and renal vasculature with a <i>P</i> < 0.001.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study proposed that anatomical variations of the upper urinary tract are commoner on the right side, while for the renal vasculature, they are commoner on the left. There was a statistically significant association between the anatomical variations of the upper urinary tract and that of the renal vasculature, indicating an increasing likelihood of one occurring if the other is present.</p>","PeriodicalId":73993,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the West African College of Surgeons","volume":"15 4","pages":"426-434"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12443436/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145088322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Terson Syndrome: A Sequel of Posterior Communicating Artery Aneurysm and a Quartet of Other Cases.","authors":"Yewande Olubunmi Babalola, Tunji S Oluleye, Oluwole I Majekodunmi, Modupe A Ijaduola","doi":"10.4103/jwas.jwas_111_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jwas.jwas_111_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This is a case series of Terson syndrome (TS) in five patients including one with features of a posterior communicating artery aneurysm. The first is a 28-year-old female who presented to the eye clinic with poor vision in both eyes for 2 weeks duration and drooping of the left upper lid. On ocular examination, she had a bilateral vitreous haemorrhage (VH). She gave an antecedent history of headaches, loss of consciousness, and seizures. Magnetic resonance angiography confirmed the diagnosis of a posterior communicating artery aneurysm. Four other patients were seen at the retina clinic with bilateral VH with a history of traumatic brain injury in keeping with TS. The second patient was a 34-year-old male referred from the neurosurgical unit on account of visual loss in both eyes. He had a preceding history of a fall with loss of consciousness and moderate head injury and best corrected visual acuity of counting fingers and hand movement, respectively, in the right and left eye. Bilateral VH was present in both eyes. The third patient was a 60-year-old male with a 2-month history of poor vision in both eyes after a head injury associated with loss of consciousness. The visual acuity was hand movement, and he had VH in both eyes. The fourth patient was a 10-year-old female who presented with poor vision for two months duration with an antecedent history of a pedestrian road traffic accident and a history of loss of consciousness. The best corrected visual acuity at presentation was 6/36 in both eyes. Ocular examination revealed bilateral VH. The fifth case was a 31-year-old male who presented with a reduction of vision in both eyes for 7 months duration with an antecedent history of a fall 2 months before the onset of symptoms. A diagnosis of TS was made in all five patients based on the clinical history and signs. The second patient was managed with bilateral vitrectomy, whereas the remaining four patients were managed conservatively.</p>","PeriodicalId":73993,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the West African College of Surgeons","volume":"15 4","pages":"485-489"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12443445/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145087889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validation of the Ottawa Ankle Rule in Blunt Ankle and Midfoot Injuries in a Trauma Care Centre in Nigeria.","authors":"Eric Anyanwu, Christian Madubueze, Abdurazaq Alada, Habila Umaru, Byat Dzong, Abdulmajid Sharif","doi":"10.4103/jwas.jwas_70_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jwas.jwas_70_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Ankle and midfoot injuries are common presentations in every emergency department. The Ottawa Ankle Rule was developed to reduce the need for unnecessary radiography. This study aimed to validate this rule in a population.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This study recruited 110 patients in a single-trauma care centre presenting with closed ankle and midfoot injuries. All patients were examined using the Ottawa Ankle Rule by orthopaedic surgeons and findings were recorded before radiographs were obtained. The radiographs were interpreted by a consultant radiologist blinded by the clinical examination findings. This was the standard against which the Ottawa Ankle Rule was tested.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The sensitivity of the Ottawa Ankle Rule protocol in ankle and midfoot injuries was 100% and 95%, respectively. The specificity was 37.2% for ankle injuries and 54.8% for midfoot injuries. The negative predictive value of the rule was 100% and 95.1% for ankle and midfoot injuries, respectively. Application of this rule would have led to a 31% reduction in radiography amongst patients in this study.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The Ottawa Ankle Rule is a valid decision-making tool for patients with closed ankle and midfoot injuries. It has a high sensitivity for detecting fractures with moderate specificity. Application of the rule can result in a significant reduction of; treatment costs, waiting times at the emergency department, and unnecessary radiation exposure to patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":73993,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the West African College of Surgeons","volume":"15 4","pages":"394-399"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12443437/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145088213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clamshell Corticotomy: A Technique to Address Challenges of Narrow Medullary Canal during Intramedullary Nailing of Tibial Shaft Fracture Fixation.","authors":"Ranjith Kumar Yalamanchili, Deepankar Satapathy, Deepak Kumar Maley, Syed Ifthekar, Maheshwar Lakkireddy","doi":"10.4103/jwas.jwas_104_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jwas.jwas_104_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Intramedullary nailing for diaphyseal fractures is a gold standard procedure, that is, often associated with some intraoperative challenges. Fixing an intramedullary nail in a narrow canal in an unplanned surgery is a nightmare. Forceful implantation leads to iatrogenic fracture or comminution at the fracture site. Forceful reaming in such scenarios is also associated with thermal osteonecrosis and at times incarceration of flexible reamer head. It is not uncommon to face a challenge intraoperatively with regards to a narrow medullary canal, however, well we plan preoperatively. Clamshell osteotomy is described in addressing an acute fracture in the malunited bones and in the setting of diaphyseal deformity correction. We describe the technical note of a modified clamshell osteotomy, wherein a corticotomy was performed at the site of the narrow medullary canal to pass an intramedullary nail for a tibia shaft fracture, to decompress and yield the medullary canal by another 1-1.5 mm to pass the nail.</p>","PeriodicalId":73993,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the West African College of Surgeons","volume":"15 4","pages":"481-484"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12443442/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145088324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparing Transabdominal Ultrasound Scans with Digital Vaginal Examinations in Labour: A Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"O Ewuoso Bernard, A Ogunfunmilayo Taofeek, O Awonuga David, A Odunlami Olufemi, S Adebayo Adesoji, R Adenaya Olaide","doi":"10.4103/jwas.jwas_88_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jwas.jwas_88_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Some women experience vaginal examinations as intimidating and uncomfortable, and repeated vaginal examinations can increase the risk of infection. Studies have shown that ultrasound is an objective method of assessing labour and its progress, while clinical assessment during labour is inaccurate and depends on the experience of the performer, with potential consequences for decision-making.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To compare transabdominal ultrasound with digital vaginal examination (DVE) and determine if it is suited to solely monitor the progress of labour.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was carried out among consenting women who presented in labour and were expected to deliver vaginally. Labour was monitored clinically with DVE. Once in the active phase of labour, a transabdominal ultrasound scan (TBUS) was performed for all patients to determine position, station, and cervical dilatation, just before the next vaginal examination. Data obtained with ultrasound was compared and correlated to clinical findings.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>One hundred and fifty-four women in labour had paired TBUS and DVE assessments once and were recruited for analysis. Cervical dilatation and position as determined by TBUS were not statistically different from those of DVE. Although there was a significant difference between transabdominal ultrasound and DVE for the station, there was still a moderate correlation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Transabdominal scan correlated well with DVE in determining cervical dilatation, station, and position, and thus, it might be suited to solely monitor the progress of labour. However, this requires further research.</p>","PeriodicalId":73993,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the West African College of Surgeons","volume":"15 4","pages":"407-412"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12443435/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145088339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Short-term Clinical Outcome of Surgically Managed Acute Floating Knee Injury.","authors":"Prashant Singh, Rajendra Kumar Beniwal, Divesh Jalan, Shivaraj B Sajjan","doi":"10.4103/jwas.jwas_165_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jwas.jwas_165_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Floating knee injury or ipsilateral fractures of both femur and tibia is a severe injury caused by high-velocity trauma and is often associated with significant and occasionally life-threatening complications. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the early clinical outcomes of acute floating knee injury and to observe the complications related to the treatment.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A total of 15 patients with acute floating knee injuries were included in the study. Baseline data were noted, including demographic details, type of fracture, mode of injury, surgery performed, associated injuries, and complications. For a total duration of 18 months, all the patients were followed up. Karlström and Orleud's criteria assessed the clinical outcome at the final follow-up.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Most (66.7%) patients were Fraser's type I fractures. The mean duration of the bone union of the femur was 7.79 months, whereas for the tibia, it was 8.21 months. The mean time for weight bearing was 9.71 months. Fraser's type I had the highest mean range of motion (115.50°). The most common early complication was knee haemarthrosis, and the most common late complication was delayed union.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Floating knee injury is a severe and rare injury associated with significant morbidity. An individualised approach in management results in a satisfactory outcome.</p>","PeriodicalId":73993,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the West African College of Surgeons","volume":"15 4","pages":"380-385"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12443431/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145087913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Utilisation of Radiation Oncology Services by Patients with Head and Neck Malignancies in a Nigerian Tertiary Care Hospital: A 5-Year Retrospective Study.","authors":"Benlance Ekaniyere Edetanlen, Emuejeoboghene Ogoni Ohre, Oseiwe Evaristus Oboh, Aimebelomo Emmanuel Ikhile, Dumebi Kayoma, Eustace Oseghae, Obianuju Veronica Amuh","doi":"10.4103/jwas.jwas_126_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jwas.jwas_126_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Radiation oncology services are luxuries in resource-challenged settings that should not be underutilised; however, no studies are available on their utilisation.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To determine the rate and pattern of utilisation of radiation oncology services in a Nigerian teaching hospital.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>All cases of head and neck cancers diagnosed and referred to the Department of Radiation Oncology, of a Nigerian Tertiary Care Hospital, from January 2018 to December 2023 were retrospectively analysed. Data were extracted from the case notes of the patients. Those patients with incomplete information were excluded. Demographic and clinical data were collected. Demographic data included were age, sex, religion, and place of residence, while the clinical data were regional location of cancer, nature of the tumour, origin of tumour, histological type and grade of tumour, and referring department. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were determined. Data were analysed using IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, version 23.0 software (IBM, Armonk, New York). A value of <i>P</i> < 0.05 was considered significant.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 13,690 patients presented for the radiation oncology treatment, of which 1777 patients were treated for head and neck cancer, giving a prevalence of 0.56%. The age 18 range was 20-78 years with a mean age of 49.4 ± 13.7 years. More than half (77%) of the patients were older than 60 years. Two-thirds (74%) of the patients were males. Most (46.8%) of the lesions were on the oral region, which was followed by the nasal region (25%), while the least (6.5%) were observed on the cervical region. More than two-thirds (87%) originated from epithelial cells. In the same vein, the majority (88.3%) were non-odontogenic in origin. More than half (51.9%) were squamous cell carcinomas. Most (51.9%) of the patients were referred from the Department Of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery. Ethnicity significantly affected the nature of the tumour (<i>P</i> < 0.05), as did the histological types (<i>P</i> < 0.05) of head and neck cancers. Religion was associated with the type of referring departments (<i>P</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The utilisation of radio-oncological services was high. There was significant distribution of referrals, histological types and types of tumours according to religion and ethnicity.</p>","PeriodicalId":73993,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the West African College of Surgeons","volume":"15 4","pages":"451-456"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12443433/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145088262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Study to Determine the Clinical and Functional Outcomes Following Anatomical Arthroscopic Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction by Hamstring Graft with Adjustable Loop Using Graft Retensioning Technique.","authors":"Anand Kundagol, G U Kiran, J Manjunath, Raghavendra Dorai","doi":"10.4103/jwas.jwas_124_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jwas.jwas_124_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) plays an important role in stabilising the knee joint. ACL injuries can lead to substantial functional limitations, necessitating surgical intervention for most patients experiencing knee instability and pain.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To assess the clinical and functional outcomes of anatomical arthroscopic ACL reconstruction using a hamstring graft with an adjustable loop and graft retensioning technique.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The present prospective clinical study was carried out on patients, with ACL tears confirmed clinically or radiologically. Following the anatomical arthroscopic ACL reconstruction using a hamstring graft with an adjustable loop and graft retensioning technique, a radiograph was obtained to confirm graft placement. Patients then underwent physiotherapy of the affected knee to restore range of motion, strength, and proprioception. Regular follow-ups were conducted at 1, 3, and 6 months postoperatively, with specific evaluations focussing on active knee flexion of the operated knee.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In our study, a total of 30 patients were included with the mean age of 36.60 ± 7.58 years. Postoperatively, 43.3% of patients achieved excellent functional outcomes, while 56.7% achieved good outcomes. The Lysholm knee score showed significant improvement from preoperative to postoperative levels (<i>P</i> < 0.05). The range of motion measurements at each follow-up (1, 3, and 6 months) demonstrated significant improvement compared to baseline values (<i>P</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study showed that patients who underwent anatomical arthroscopic ACL reconstruction using a hamstring graft achieved good to excellent clinical and functional outcomes. This was accomplished using an adjustable loop fixation technique combined with graft retensioning.</p>","PeriodicalId":73993,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the West African College of Surgeons","volume":"15 4","pages":"446-450"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12443429/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145088327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pancreaticojejunostomy Obstruction Due to Jejuno-Jejunal Intussusception in the Roux Limb: A Rare Late Complication Following Longitudinal Pancreaticojejunostomy.","authors":"Gilbert Samuel Jebakumar, Loganathan Jayapal, Santhosh Kumar, Aravind Baskaran, Siddhesh Tasgaonkar, Sumanth Srivatsan, Venkatesh Munikrishnan, Sudeepta Kumar Swain","doi":"10.4103/jwas.jwas_94_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jwas.jwas_94_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lateral pancreaticojejunostomy (LPJ) is done as a decompressive procedure for chronic pancreatitis with dilated main pancreatic duct (MPD) with a success rate of up to 80% in relieving pain with low morbidity and mortality. Roux limb obstruction following Roux-en-Y LPJ is a very rare complication and it has not been described earlier. Here, we report a rare case of pancreaticojejunostomy (PJ) obstruction caused by jejuno-jejunal intussusception in the Roux limb. We present a case of a 31-year-old lady with recurrent episodes of intermittent colicky upper abdominal pain for 8 months. She underwent Roux-en-Y LPJ 20 years back for idiopathic chronic calcific pancreatitis. Her imaging revealed dilated MPD with a dilated Roux limb due to narrowing in the distal roux limb with intussusception. She underwent robotic-assisted resection of jejuno-jejunal intussusception and anastomosis along with cholecystectomy. She recovered well post-operatively and her pain subsided. PJ obstruction following pancreatoduodenectomy has been reported in the literature. However, similar presentation is rare following LPJ. This is the first ever case to be reported with Roux limb obstruction following LPJ. We present this case to emphasise the importance of high-quality imaging in diagnosing this rare case. Robotic-assisted surgery in adults for intussusception is a novel approach and not much discussed in the literature.</p>","PeriodicalId":73993,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the West African College of Surgeons","volume":"15 4","pages":"501-504"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12443446/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145088311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extramedullary Plasmacytoma of the Nasal Cavity, Paranasal Sinuses, and Nasopharynx: Report of Two Cases and Review of Literature.","authors":"Saadat Titilayo Yahaya, Nurudeen Adebola Shofoluwe, Idris Abdullahi, Abdurahman Omodele, Jamila Lawal, Amina Mohammad Abdullahi, Rasheedat Sanni, Manir Hamza Anka","doi":"10.4103/jwas.jwas_93_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jwas.jwas_93_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Extramedullary plasmacytoma (EMP) is a rare plasma cell neoplasm occurring outside the bone marrow, predominantly in the head and neck region. Representing 3%-5% of all plasma cell neoplasms, EMP poses significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenges due to its rarity and,proximity to vital structures. We report two cases of EMP involving the nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses, and nasopharynx. A 30-year-old male presented with right diplopia, headache, and bilateral nasal blockage. Examination revealed a nasopharyngeal mass with bony erosion and multiple osteolytic lesions. Histopathology and immunohistochemistry confirmed plasmacytoma, and systemic involvement was excluded. The patient underwent chemoradiotherapy with satisfactory outcomes. A 27-year-old female presented with nasal bleeding, progressive nasal blockage, facial swelling, snoring, and anosmia. Imaging revealed a mass originating from the left maxillary sinus extending to adjacent structures. Histopathology and immunohistochemistry confirmed plasmacytoma. Systemic workup was negative. The patient was treated with radiotherapy, with a good treatment outcomes. EMP of the nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses, and nasopharynx is rare, particularly in younger patients. Accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment, often involving radiotherapy, are crucial for favorable outcomes. Awareness and a high index of suspicion are essential for early diagnosis and management.</p>","PeriodicalId":73993,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the West African College of Surgeons","volume":"15 4","pages":"497-500"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12443448/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145088351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}