Journal of the American College of Radiology : JACR最新文献

{"title":"Cancer Clinicians' Use of Artificial Intelligence: An Australian Consumer Perspective.","authors":"Murray McLachlan, David Young","doi":"10.1016/j.jacr.2026.09.024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacr.2026.09.024","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73968,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American College of Radiology : JACR","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149302813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the Long-Term Malignancy Risk Prediction Accuracy of Major Guidelines for Pancreatic Cystic Lesions Using Radiology Features.","authors":"Timothy Liu, Ebrahim Rasromani, Yuxuan Chen, Beisong Liu, Tamas Gonda, Chenchan Huang, Yiqiu Shen","doi":"10.1016/j.jacr.2026.09.019","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jacr.2026.09.019","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To compare major pancreatic cystic lesion guidelines using routinely reported radiology features for long-term malignancy risk prediction.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This single-center retrospective study analyzed abdominal radiology reports from 2000 to 2025. A previously validated large language model extracted pancreatic cystic lesion features from radiology reports to assign risk categories per ACR, Kyoto, and European guidelines. The outcome of interest was malignancy, including pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma and high-grade dysplasia. Patients with concurrent malignancy within 6 months were excluded. Five-year predictive performance was assessed using area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, area under the precision-recall curve, and Harrell's C-index. Interguideline concordance and malignancy risk after 5 years of imaging stability (per Kyoto criteria) were evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The final cohort included 13,269 patients (median age, 69 years; 62% female); 209 (1.6%) developed malignancy over 5 years. Kyoto guidelines demonstrated slightly higher area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (0.655) compared with the ACR (0.639) and European (0.623) guidelines (P < .001). High-risk classification was fully concordant across guidelines. Worrisome feature assignment varied substantially (ranging from 308 to 507 patients), though 5-year cancer incidence remained similar (10.3%-11.7%). After 5 years of imaging stability (n = 1,830), 8-year cancer incidence was 0.71% overall, 0.46% among patients meeting Kyoto discontinuation criteria, and 1.57% among those who did not.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Major pancreatic cyst guidelines demonstrated modest long-term predictive performance using radiologic features alone. All guidelines showed strong concordance for high-risk lesion identification. Among patients with low-risk cysts demonstrating 5 years of imaging stability, subsequent malignancy risk remained low, informing future individualized surveillance strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":73968,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American College of Radiology : JACR","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149076755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is Artificial Intelligence for Intracranial Aneurysm Detection Ready for Clinical Deployment?","authors":"Ojas A Ramwala, Ajay Malhotra","doi":"10.1016/j.jacr.2026.09.015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jacr.2026.09.015","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73968,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American College of Radiology : JACR","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149066628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Pilot Study of Cadaver CT Scan Interpretation by First Year Medical Students as an Introduction to Clinical Radiology During the Gross Anatomy Curriculum.","authors":"Angelina Nasthas, Matthew Velkey, Jonathan G Martin, Eun L Langman","doi":"10.1016/j.jacr.2026.09.016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jacr.2026.09.016","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73968,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American College of Radiology : JACR","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149042307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Motion-Related Repeat MRI Sequences in a High-Volume Health System: Operational Burden and Heterogeneous Diagnostic Benefit.","authors":"Siddhant Dogra, Luke A Ginocchio, Andrew C McClelland, Matthew G Young, Anthony Yang, Jason Wei, Sherif B Elsherif, Nihal Patel, Wendy Huang, Hoi Cheung Zhang, Elena A Kaye, Mahesh B Keerthivasan, Thomas Mulholland, Silvia Arroyo Camejo, Fabian Wagner, Rainer Schneider, Yvonne W Lui, Michael P Recht, Hersh Chandarana","doi":"10.1016/j.jacr.2026.09.014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacr.2026.09.014","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To quantify the operational burden of motion-related repeat MRI sequences across a high-volume health system and evaluate whether repeat acquisitions improve image quality and confidence in brain MRI and magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study analyzed six months of MRI examinations on scanners with sequence-level analytics. Examinations with technologist-labeled repeated sequences were identified. Brain MRI and MRCP baseline-repeat pairs were evaluated by four and two readers, respectively. Readers scored image quality and diagnostic confidence and indicated whether another repeat would be requested. Scores were compared using linear mixed-effects models with patient-level random intercepts.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 85,349 MRI examinations, 4,072 (4.8%) included at least one repeated sequence. Repeat frequency was highest in pediatrics (9.9%) and lowest in breast MRI (3.5%). In the brain MRI study, 87 baseline-repeat pairs from 77 patients were evaluated. Repeat acquisition significantly improved image quality and diagnostic confidence across all metrics (all p<0.001). 19.5% of repeat sequences did not improve. Improvement declined with greater elapsed examination time. In the MRCP study, 30 baseline-repeat pairs from 27 patients were evaluated. Repeat acquisition did not significantly improve image quality or diagnostic confidence, and both readers would have requested another repeat for half of repeated acquisitions.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Motion-driven repeat MRI sequences impose measurable operational burden, but diagnostic yield varies substantially by anatomic region and sequence type. Brain MRI repeats generally improved image quality and diagnostic confidence, whereas MRCP repeats showed limited benefit. These findings support sequence-level tracking to guide targeted motion-mitigation strategies and reduce low-value repeat imaging.</p>","PeriodicalId":73968,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American College of Radiology : JACR","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149027137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Opportunistic Screening for Cardiovascular and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Biomarkers and Implications for Downstream Care: A Retrospective Lung Cancer Screening Cohort Study.","authors":"Lauren K Groner, Maria Patricia Puello, Chukwuma Onyebeke, Charlene Thomas, Valentina Marulanda Corzo, Tashina Andrade, Hanna Haile, Anthony Saleh, Jessica M Pena, Daniel B Green, Laura C Pinheiro","doi":"10.1016/j.jacr.2026.09.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jacr.2026.09.013","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Examine the prevalence of low-dose CT (LDCT) biomarkers for cardiovascular disease (coronary artery calcium [CAC]) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (emphysema) in asymptomatic lung cancer screening participants and its association with downstream care and social determinants of health (SDoH).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this retrospective New York City health-system study, LDCT reports of lung cancer screening enrollees with baseline LDCT (2015-2022) were reviewed for emphysema and CAC. Cardiopulmonary care within 12 months was compared using McNemar's χ² test. Newly received care was compared between participants with and without CAC and emphysema using χ² or Fisher exact tests. Associations with demographic and area-level characteristics were assessed using logistic regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 2,361 participants (median age, 64; 52% male), emphysema was identified in 76.7% and CAC in 65.1%. Post-LDCT, pulmonary care increased from 24.4% to 45.8% and cardiovascular care from 42.6% to 63.3% (P < .001). Lower ZIP-level median household income (adjusted odds ratio, 1.57 [95% confidence interval, 1.22-2.02]) and greater food insecurity (1.52 [1.20-1.94]) were associated with higher odds of emphysema (both P < .001); no SDoH was associated with CAC. Among those with emphysema, high-poverty ZIP residence (1.74 [1.25-2.42], P < .001) was associated with higher odds of post-LDCT pulmonary care; among those with CAC, lower ZIP-level educational attainment (0.76 [0.60-0.98]; P = .033) was associated with lower odds of post-LDCT cardiovascular care.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Emphysema and CAC are highly prevalent and associated with increased post-LDCT cardiopulmonary care; however, future studies are needed to determine whether increased utilization improves clinical outcomes. SDoH were associated with emphysema burden and patterns of post-LDCT care, underscoring the need for equitable care pathways.</p>","PeriodicalId":73968,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American College of Radiology : JACR","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149019055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Response to \"Better Than Nothing Is Not a Standard: Lessons From Drug Development for Radiology AI Evaluation\".","authors":"Vera Sorin, Eyal Klang, Panagiotis Korfiatis, Alex Bratt, Jeremy D Collins","doi":"10.1016/j.jacr.2026.09.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jacr.2026.09.007","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73968,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American College of Radiology : JACR","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149013422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lessons in Leadership: Paving the Path for Others.","authors":"Patrick Collison, Elliot K Fishman, Linda C Chu, Steven P Rowe, Connor W Smith","doi":"10.1016/j.jacr.2026.08.032","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jacr.2026.08.032","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73968,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American College of Radiology : JACR","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149013374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patient-Friendly Summary of the ACR Appropriateness Criteria®: Staging and Follow-Up of Melanoma.","authors":"Yash Sachin Saboo, Kristen Coffey","doi":"10.1016/j.jacr.2026.09.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jacr.2026.09.011","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73968,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American College of Radiology : JACR","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148992799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interventional Radiology Procedural Complexity: Evaluation and Management Services and Other Factors Associated With Higher Complexity Procedural Work.","authors":"Luke R Wilkins, Alexandra R Drake, Elizabeth Y Rula, Richard Duszak, Nicole A Lamparello, Minhajuddin Khaja, Eric W Christensen","doi":"10.1016/j.jacr.2026.08.016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacr.2026.08.016","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The provision of evaluation and management (E&M) services is crucial to the value of interventional radiology (IR) as a clinically integrated specialty. We aimed to assess E&M's association, as well as extent to which the radiologist and practice are focused on IR versus diagnostic radiology (IR share), with procedural complexity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Radiologists providing care to Medicare fee-for-service beneficiaries (2008-2023) were mapped to practices and the percentage of care they provided that was IR-related was computed using a 5% sample of these beneficiaries' claims. Practices with radiologists providing IR-related services were included, as were E&M services provided by nonphysician practitioners (NPPs) in radiology-only practices. Associations between procedural complexity (work relative value units [wRVUs]) and E&M services, practice IR share, and radiologist IR share were assessed using multivariable regression analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, 29,844 practice-years met selection criteria. Higher practice IR share was associated with higher procedural complexity. The proportional odds that a procedure had ≥5 wRVUs was higher for practices billing >90% to 100% IR work compared with practices with >0% to 10% IR work (odds ratio, 1.62; 95% confidence interval, 1.34-1.96) as were the proportional odds for radiologists with a >90% to 100% IR share compared with a >0% to 10% IR share (odds ratio, 74.74; 95% confidence interval, 65.81-84.89). A 1-wRVU increase in either radiologist or NPP E&M wRVUs per procedure was associated with 0.14 (P = .045 or P = .038, respectively) more wRVUs per procedure.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The degree of individual radiologist IR specialization, more than practice specialization, most strongly predicts the complexity of care delivered. NPP-provided E&M services were strongly associated with higher procedural complexity.</p>","PeriodicalId":73968,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American College of Radiology : JACR","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148992804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}