Advances in respiratory medicine最新文献

{"title":"ICS/Ultra LABA in the Treatment of Obstructive Airway Diseases: A Consensus of Indian Experts","authors":"R. Dhar, D. Talwar, P. James, A. Mishra, Judo Vachaparambil, Saiprasad Patil, Nishtha Khatri, S. Bhagat, H. Barkate","doi":"10.3390/arm90050051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/arm90050051","url":null,"abstract":"Highlights What are the main findings? FF/Vi is an effective choice for patients who are uncontrolled on their current Asthma treatment and also for controlled Asthma patients. SABA or ICS/SABA can be a viable reliever option when personalizing treatment for appropriate sets of patients with FF/Vi. What is the implication of the main finding? FF/Vi offers a definitive advantage in terms of treatment adherence and compliance benefit as compared to the conventional ICS/LABAs. Adding LAMA to FF/Vi (100/25 μg) in GOLD group D and B COPD patients can be an optimized strategy. Abstract Inhaled corticosteroid and ultra-long-acting beta-agonist (ICS/uLABA) combination is a recent advancement in the armamentarium against obstructive airways diseases (OADs). The combination of ICS/uLABA has several advantages, creating a favorable landscape for its utilization. Fluticasone furoate/vilanterol trifenatate (FF/Vi) is one such example of an ICS/uLABA. It offers several benefits from both drugs, such as a convenient once daily dosing schedule; high lipophilicity; high receptor affinity of fluticasone furoate along with high functional selectivity and a quick onset of action of vilanterol. However, the Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) as well as the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) guidelines do not clearly define the positioning of ICS/uLABA compared to conventional ICS/LABAs. There are a few areas of uncertainty especially around the appropriate reliever strategy with ICS/uLABA in Asthma. The current consensus was planned with a group of Indian pulmonology experts to provide more clarity on the potential use of FF/Vi in Asthma and COPD. The clinical statements highlighted in this consensus manuscript address crucial clinical questions revolving around the efficacy and safety of FF/Vi as compared to conventional ICS/LABAs and identify the ideal patient profile for its use. This consensus paper also sheds light upon the appropriate reliever to be used along with FF/Vi in Asthma and the utilization of FF/Vi-based triple therapy in OADs. Expert recommendations mentioned in this paper will serve as guidance to pulmonologists as well as consultant physicians who are involved in providing care to OAD patients and will help them weigh the various factors that need to be taken into account while prescribing ICS/uLABA combination.","PeriodicalId":7391,"journal":{"name":"Advances in respiratory medicine","volume":"90 1","pages":"407 - 424"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46388781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nasal Nitric Oxide Levels: Improving the Diagnosis of Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia in Puerto Rico.","authors":"Wilfredo De Jesús-Rojas, Francisco Alvarado-Huerta, Jesús M Meléndez-Montañez, José Muñiz-Hernández, Arnaldo Santos-López, Ricardo A Mosquera","doi":"10.3390/arm90050050","DOIUrl":"10.3390/arm90050050","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia (PCD) is a rare genetic disease characterized by motile cilia dysfunction with a prevalence of 1 in 16,309 individuals in Hispanic populations. In Puerto Rico, the prevalence of PCD is unknown. Diagnosis of PCD in Puerto Rico is challenging due to the lack of diagnostic technology. Algorithms for PCD diagnosis include clinical history, genetic testing, ciliary biopsy, and nasal Nitric Oxide (nNO) levels. For the first time, this study successfully implemented and measured the nNO levels in subjects with the <i>RSPH4A</i> (c.921+3_921+6del (intronic)) as a diagnostic tool to complement the current algorithm for PCD diagnosis on the island. The nNO level differentiated homozygous subjects with PCD due to the <i>RSPH4A</i> (c.921+3_921+6del (intronic)) founder mutation compared to healthy gender-age matched controls and subjects with VUS or negative genetic testing for PCD. The acquisition of state-of-the-art diagnostic tools such as nNO positively impacted and expanded our current PCD diagnostic capabilities in Puerto Rico for our founder genetic mutation. The addition of nNO technology promotes earlier disease screening and recognition for patients with PCD on the island. The access to nNO helped us to properly characterize the PCD diagnosis for patients with the <i>RSPH4A</i> (c.921+3_921+6del (intronic)). As a result, our findings will allow us to be part of the national PCD foundation registry and represent Puerto Rican Hispanics in future PCD multicentric clinical trials.</p>","PeriodicalId":7391,"journal":{"name":"Advances in respiratory medicine","volume":"90 5","pages":"399-406"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9717333/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9313094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adipolin and IL-6 Serum Levels in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.","authors":"Mohammad Reza Aslani,&nbsp;Mojtaba Amani,&nbsp;Faranak Moghadas,&nbsp;Hassan Ghobadi","doi":"10.3390/arm90050049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/arm90050049","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Objective(s): One of the adipokines that have insulin-sensitizing properties is adipolin, whose reduced levels have been reported in obesity, oxidative stress, and inflammation. The present study investigated serum interleukin-6 (IL-6) and adipolin levels in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients. Method: A control case study included 60 COPD patients and 30 healthy subjects in the research and measured adipolin and IL-6 serum levels. In addition, serum adipolin levels in COPD patients were assessed according to the GOLD grade. The relationship between serum adipolin levels and study variables were also analyzed. Results: The results showed reduced adipolin levels in COPD patients compared with healthy individuals (p < 0.001). Furthermore, increased levels of IL-6 were evident in the COPD group compared to the control group (p < 0.001). Adipolin serum levels were positively correlated with PFTs and negatively correlated with IL-6 levels. Conclusion: Decreased adipolin levels enhanced disease severity in COPD patients. It seems that the existence of a significant relationship between adipolin and IL-6 may indicate the role of adipolin in the pathophysiology of COPD.</p>","PeriodicalId":7391,"journal":{"name":"Advances in respiratory medicine","volume":"90 5","pages":"391-398"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9717330/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9077577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Increased FluoroDeoxyGlucose (FDG) Avidity Following COVID-19 Vaccination.","authors":"Mo'ath Nassar,&nbsp;Ayman Soubani","doi":"10.3390/arm90050047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/arm90050047","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A 65-year-old woman presented to the Pulmonary Clinic for evaluation after Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography (PET/CT), which was obtained for assessment of a 12 mm right middle lobe solitary pulmonary nodule [...].</p>","PeriodicalId":7391,"journal":{"name":"Advances in respiratory medicine","volume":"90 5","pages":"376-377"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9717326/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10326754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adherence to Auto-CPAP and Age: A Stable Condition? Comment on Barroso et al. Influence of Age on Adherence to Auto-CPAP: Experience from a Sleep Center in Portugal. <i>Adv. Respir. Med.</i> 2022, <i>90</i>, 143-147.","authors":"Ahmet Cemal Pazarlı,&nbsp;Antonio M Esquinas","doi":"10.3390/arm90040045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/arm90040045","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We have read with great interest the recent paper published by Barroso et al. [...].</p>","PeriodicalId":7391,"journal":{"name":"Advances in respiratory medicine","volume":"90 4","pages":"360-361"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9717341/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10321257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between Influenza and COVID-19 Viruses and the Risk of Atherosclerosis: Meta-Analysis Study and Systematic Review.","authors":"Mahsa Jalili,&nbsp;Kourosh Sayehmiri,&nbsp;Nastaran Ansari,&nbsp;Behzad Pourhossein,&nbsp;Maryam Fazeli,&nbsp;Farid Azizi Jalilian","doi":"10.3390/arm90040043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/arm90040043","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>There is a lot of evidence to suggest that patients infected with the COVID-19 and influenza viruses are at risk of atherosclerosis. Additionally, there are heterogeneous studies on the risk of arthrosclerosis in patients infected with the influenza and COVID-19 viruses. We conducted a case−control and cross-sectional study and examined the association between the risk of atherosclerosis, and influenza virus (IV-A and IV-B) and COVID-19 infections in this study. We searched for keywords such as influenza virus, COVID-19 and atherosclerosis in English and Persian in well-known databases such as PubMed, SID, Magiran and Google Scholar. In this study, we analyzed the information using a meta-analysis, the random effect model, the I2 index and STAT (version 11.2). The results from the analysis of ten studies on influenza virus and nine studies on COVID-19 reviewed individually (totaling 6428 samples for influenza virus infections and 10,785 samples for COVID-19 infections) demonstrated a risk of arthrosclerosis in patients with influenza and COVID-19 infections, with an OR (odds ratio) = 0.45 ((95% CI): 0.25 to 0.64) and an OR (odds ratio) = 1.04 ((95% CI): 0.82 to 1.26), respectively. The present study provides new insights into the risk of atherosclerosis in patients infected with the COVID-19 and influenza viruses. Therefore, it seems necessary to consider different strategies for managing and eradicating viral infections among individuals.</p>","PeriodicalId":7391,"journal":{"name":"Advances in respiratory medicine","volume":"90 4","pages":"338-348"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9717337/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9122269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of Serum Albumin and Copeptin with Early Clinical Deterioration and Instability in Community-Acquired Pneumonia.","authors":"Ashwaghosha Parthasarathi,&nbsp;Vaibhav C Padashetti,&nbsp;Sunag Padukudru,&nbsp;Sindaghatta Krishnarao Chaya,&nbsp;Jayaraj Biligere Siddaiah,&nbsp;Mahesh Padukudru Anand","doi":"10.3390/arm90040042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/arm90040042","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Background: There is a paucity of data on biomarkers for the early deterioration and clinical instability of patients in community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), as treatment failure occurs in the first seven days in 90% of patients. Aim: To evaluate serum albumin and copeptin with CURB-65, PSI scoring and ATS/IDSA minor criteria for the prediction of early mortality or ICU-admission (7 days) and clinical instability after 72 h. Methods: In 100 consecutive hospitalized adult CAP patients, PSI-scores, CURB-65 scores, ATS/IDSA 2007 minor criteria, copeptin and albumin on admission were evaluated. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis was performed to assess independent risk factors for early combined mortality or ICU admission. Predictive powers of albumin and copeptin were tested with ROC curves and ICU-free survival probability was tested using Kaplan−Meier analysis. Results: Albumin was lower and copeptin higher in patients with short-term adverse outcomes (p < 0.05). Cox regression analysis showed that albumin [HR (95% CI): 0.41 (0.18−0.94, p = 0.034)] and copeptin [HR (95% CI): 1.94 (1.03−3.67, p = 0.042)] were independent risk factors for early combined mortality or ICU admission (7 days). The Kaplan−Meier analysis observed that high copeptin (>27.12 ng/mL) and low albumin levels (<2.85 g/dL) had a lower (p < 0.001) survival probability. The diagnostic accuracy of albumin was better than copeptin. The inclusion of albumin and copeptin into ATS/IDSA minor criteria significantly improved their predictive power. Conclusions: Both biomarkers serum albumin and copeptin can predict early deterioration and clinical instability in hospitalized CAP patients and increase the prognostic power of the traditional clinical scoring systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":7391,"journal":{"name":"Advances in respiratory medicine","volume":"90 4","pages":"323-337"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9717422/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9999648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prognostic Value of Chest-Computed Tomography in Patients with COVID-19.","authors":"Gökhan Perincek,&nbsp;Canver Önal,&nbsp;Timor Omar","doi":"10.3390/arm90040041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/arm90040041","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Background: The diagnostic value for chest CT has been widely established in patients with COVID-19. However, there is a lack of satisfactory data about the prognostic value of chest CTs. This study investigated the prognostic value of chest CTs in COVID-19 patients. Materials and Methods: A total of 521 symptomatic patients hospitalized with COVID-19 were included retrospectively. Clinical, laboratory, and chest CT characteristics were compared between survivors and non-survivors. Concerning chest CT, for each subject, a semi-quantitative CT severity scoring system was applied. Results: Most patients showed typical CT features based on the likelihood of COVID-19. The global CT score was significantly higher in non-survivors (median (IQR), 1 (0−6) vs. 10 (5−13), p < 0.001). A cut-off value of 5.5 for the global CT score predicted in-hospital mortality with 74% sensitivity and 73% specificity. Global CT score, age, C-reactive protein, and diabetes were independent predictors of in-hospital mortality. The global CT score was significantly correlated with the C-reactive protein, D-dimer, pro-brain natriuretic peptide, and procalcitonin levels. Conclusion: The global CT score could provide valuable prognostic data in symptomatic patients with COVID-19.</p>","PeriodicalId":7391,"journal":{"name":"Advances in respiratory medicine","volume":"90 4","pages":"312-322"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9717320/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9122267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic Accuracy of Multiple D-Dimer Cutoff Thresholds and Other Clinically Applicable Biomarkers for the Detection and Radiographic Evaluation of Pulmonary Embolism.","authors":"Serafeim Chrysikos,&nbsp;Ourania Papaioannou,&nbsp;Theodoros Karampitsakos,&nbsp;Kyriaki Tavernaraki,&nbsp;Ioanna Thanou,&nbsp;Petros Filippousis,&nbsp;Maria Anyfanti,&nbsp;Georgios Hillas,&nbsp;Argyrios Tzouvelekis,&nbsp;Loukas Thanos,&nbsp;Katerina Dimakou","doi":"10.3390/arm90040039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/arm90040039","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Background: Diagnostic work-up of pulmonary embolism (PE) remains a challenge. Methods: We retrospectively studied all patients referred for computed tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA) with suspicion of PE during a 12-month period (2018). The diagnostic accuracy of different D-dimer (Dd) cutoff thresholds for ruling out PE was evaluated. Furthermore, the association of Dd and red cell distribution width (RDW) with embolus location, CTPA findings, and patient outcome was recorded. Results: One thousand seventeen (n = 1017) patients were finally analyzed (mean age: 64.6 years (SD = 11.8), males: 549 (54%)). PE incidence was 18.7%. Central and bilateral embolism was present in 44.7% and 59.5%, respectively. Sensitivity and specificity for conventional and age-adjusted Dd cutoff was 98.2%, 7.9%, and 98.2%, 13.1%, respectively. A cutoff threshold (2.1 mg/L) with the best (64.4%) specificity was identified based on Receiver Operating Characteristics analysis. Moreover, a novel proposed Dd cutoff (0.74 mg/L) emerged with increased specificity (20.5%) and equal sensitivity (97%) compared to 0.5 mg/L, characterized by concurrent reduction (17.2%) in the number of performed CTPAs. Consolidation/atelectasis and unilateral pleural effusion were significantly associated with PE (p < 0.05, respectively). Patients with consolidation/atelectasis or intrapulmonary nodule(s)/mass on CTPA exhibited significantly greater median Dd values compared to patients without the aforementioned findings (2.34, (IQR 1.29−4.22) vs. 1.59, (IQR 0.81−2.96), and 2.39, (IQR 1.45−4.45) vs. 1.66, (IQR 0.84−3.12), p < 0.001, respectively). RDW was significantly greater in patients who died during hospitalization (p = 0.012). Conclusions: Age-adjusted Dd increased diagnostic accuracy of Dd testing without significantly decreasing the need for imaging. The proposed Dd value (0.74 mg/L) showed promise towards reducing considerably the need of CTPA. Multiple radiographic findings have been associated with increased Dd values in our study.</p>","PeriodicalId":7391,"journal":{"name":"Advances in respiratory medicine","volume":"90 4","pages":"300-309"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9717334/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10872592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intelligent Volume-Assured Pressure Support vs. Spontaneous/Timed Mode as a Weaning Strategy in COPD-Evaluation of a New Ventilation Strategy.","authors":"Pradipta Bhakta,&nbsp;Mohanchandra Mandal,&nbsp;Prosenjit Mukherjee,&nbsp;Brian O'Brien,&nbsp;Antonio M Esquinas","doi":"10.3390/arm90040037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/arm90040037","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We thank Salama S et al [...].</p>","PeriodicalId":7391,"journal":{"name":"Advances in respiratory medicine","volume":"90 4","pages":"279-280"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9717325/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10321258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}