Journal of molecular and cellular cardiology plus最新文献

{"title":"Pooled microarray expression analysis of failing left ventricles reveals extensive cellular-level dysregulation independent of age and sex","authors":"Youdinghuan Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.jmccpl.2023.100060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmccpl.2023.100060","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Existing cardiovascular studies tend to suffer from small sample sizes and unaddressed confounders. Re-profiling of 9 microarray datasets revealed significant global gene expression differences between 358 failing and 191 non-failing left ventricles independent of age and sex (<em>p</em> = 5.1e-10). Covariate-adjusted mixed-effect regression revealed 17 % (945/5553) genes with &gt;1.5-fold changes. The extracellular matrix and integral membrane ontologies were significantly enriched and depleted in failing ventricles, respectively. Furthermore, <em>MTSS1</em> implicated in cardiovascular dysfunction showed the greatest change in ischemic compared to dilated cardiomyopathy (Bonferroni <em>p</em> &lt; 0.05 for all genes and ontologies). Transcriptomic meta-profiling here provided deeper insight into heart failure at the cellular level.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73835,"journal":{"name":"Journal of molecular and cellular cardiology plus","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772976123000302/pdfft?md5=ef76be50c2636d6d44b3984606eaa491&pid=1-s2.0-S2772976123000302-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139398758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Targeting miR-199a reduces fibrosis in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy","authors":"Stanislovas S. Jankauskas ,&nbsp;Fahimeh Varzideh ,&nbsp;Urna Kansakar ,&nbsp;Gaetano Santulli","doi":"10.1016/j.jmccpl.2023.100057","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmccpl.2023.100057","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73835,"journal":{"name":"Journal of molecular and cellular cardiology plus","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772976123000272/pdfft?md5=e08de70cfe7b8c826ac23695abe15881&pid=1-s2.0-S2772976123000272-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138616871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inhibition of miR-199a-3p in a murine hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) model attenuates fibrotic remodeling","authors":"Irina Zalivina ,&nbsp;Temo Barwari ,&nbsp;Xiaoke Yin ,&nbsp;Sarah R. Langley ,&nbsp;Javier Barallobre-Barreiro ,&nbsp;Hiroko Wakimoto ,&nbsp;Anna Zampetaki ,&nbsp;Manuel Mayr ,&nbsp;Metin Avkiran ,&nbsp;Seda Eminaga","doi":"10.1016/j.jmccpl.2023.100056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmccpl.2023.100056","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder, characterized by cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, cardiomyocyte disarray and fibrosis, which has a prevalence of ∼1: 200–500 and predisposes individuals to heart failure and sudden death. The mechanisms through which diverse HCM-causing mutations cause cardiac dysfunction remain mostly unknown and their identification may reveal new therapeutic avenues. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as critical regulators of gene expression and disease phenotype in various pathologies. We explored whether miRNAs could play a role in HCM pathogenesis and offer potential therapeutic targets.</p></div><div><h3>Methods and results</h3><p>Using high-throughput miRNA expression profiling and qPCR analysis in two distinct mouse models of HCM, we found that miR-199a-3p expression levels are upregulated in mutant mice compared to age- and treatment-matched wild-type mice. We also found that miR-199a-3p expression is enriched in cardiac non-myocytes compared to cardiomyocytes. When we expressed miR-199a-3p mimic in cultured murine primary cardiac fibroblasts and analyzed the conditioned media by proteomics, we found that several extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins (<em>e.g.</em>, TSP2, FBLN3, COL11A1, LYOX) were differentially secreted (data are available <em>via</em> ProteomeXchange with identifier <span>PXD042904</span><svg><path></path></svg>). We confirmed our proteomics findings by qPCR analysis of selected mRNAs and demonstrated that miR-199a-3p mimic expression in cardiac fibroblasts drives upregulation of ECM gene expression, including <em>Tsp2</em>, <em>Fbln3</em>, <em>Pcoc1</em>, <em>Col1a1</em> and <em>Col3a1</em>. To examine the role of miR-199a-3p <em>in vivo</em>, we inhibited its function using lock-nucleic acid (LNA)-based inhibitors (antimiR-199a-3p) in an HCM mouse model. Our results revealed that progression of cardiac fibrosis is attenuated when miR-199a-3p function is inhibited in mild-to-moderate HCM. Finally, guided by computational target prediction algorithms, we identified mRNAs <em>Cd151</em> and <em>Itga3</em> as direct targets of miR-199a-3p and have shown that miR-199a-3p mimic expression negatively regulates AKT activation in cardiac fibroblasts.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Altogether, our results suggest that miR-199a-3p may contribute to cardiac fibrosis in HCM through its actions in cardiac fibroblasts. Thus, inhibition of miR-199a-3p in mild-to-moderate HCM may offer therapeutic benefit in combination with complementary approaches that target the primary defect in cardiac myocytes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73835,"journal":{"name":"Journal of molecular and cellular cardiology plus","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772976123000260/pdfft?md5=d7ef72bd8c44be43fadde9936ac62981&pid=1-s2.0-S2772976123000260-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138439101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Angiotensin II induces endothelial dysfunction and vascular remodeling by downregulating TRPV4 channels","authors":"Narendra Babu Kondapalli ,&nbsp;Venkatesh Katari ,&nbsp;Kesha Dalal,&nbsp;Sailaja Paruchuri,&nbsp;Charles K. Thodeti","doi":"10.1016/j.jmccpl.2023.100055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmccpl.2023.100055","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Angiotensin II (Ang II) is a potent vasoconstrictor of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) and is implicated in hypertension, but it's role in the regulation of endothelial function is not well known. We and others have previously shown that mechanically activated ion channel, Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) mediates flow- and/or receptor-dependent vasodilation via nitric oxide (NO) production in endothelial cells. Ang II was demonstrated to crosstalk with TRPV4 via angiotensin 1 receptor (AT1R) and β-arrestin signaling in epithelial and immortalized cells, however, the role of this crosstalk in endothelial cell function is not fully explored. Ang II treatment significantly downregulated TRPV4 protein expression and TRPV4-mediated Ca²⁺ influx in human EC without altering TRPV4 mRNA levels. Further, TRPV4-induced eNOS phosphorylation and NO production were significantly reduced in Ang II-treated human EC. Importantly, Ang II infusion in mice revealed that, TRPV4/p-eNOS expression and colocalization was reduced in endothelium in vivo. Finally, Ang II infusion induced vascular remodeling as evidenced by decreased lumen to wall ratio in resistant mesenteric arteries. These findings suggest that Ang II induces endothelial dysfunction and vascular remodeling via downregulation of TRPV4/eNOS pathway and may contribute to hypertension, independent of or in addition to its effect on vascular smooth muscle contraction.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73835,"journal":{"name":"Journal of molecular and cellular cardiology plus","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772976123000259/pdfft?md5=328dd4ebe56f8de016e69018e4ecf08e&pid=1-s2.0-S2772976123000259-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138413601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"OptoDyCE-plate as an affordable high throughput imager for all optical cardiac electrophysiology","authors":"Yuli W. Heinson ,&nbsp;Julie L. Han ,&nbsp;Emilia Entcheva","doi":"10.1016/j.jmccpl.2023.100054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmccpl.2023.100054","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We present a simple low-cost system for comprehensive functional characterization of cardiac function under spontaneous and paced conditions, in standard 96 and 384-well plates. This full-plate actuator/imager, OptoDyCE-plate, uses optogenetic stimulation and optical readouts of voltage and calcium (parallel recordings from up to 100 wells in 384-well plates are demonstrated). The system is validated with syncytia of human induced pluripotent stem cell derived cardiomyocytes, iPSC-CMs, grown as monolayers, or in quasi-3D isotropic and anisotropic constructs using electrospun matrices, in 96 and 384-well format. Genetic modifications, e.g. interference CRISPR (CRISPRi), and nine compounds of acute and chronic action were tested, including five histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACis). Their effects on voltage and calcium were compared across growth conditions and pacing rates. We also demonstrated optogenetic point pacing via cell spheroids to study conduction in 96-well format, as well as temporal multiplexing to register voltage and calcium simultaneously on a single camera. Opto-DyCE-plate showed excellent performance even in the small samples in 384-well plates. Anisotropic structured constructs may provide some benefits in drug testing, although drug responses were consistent across tested configurations. Differential voltage vs. calcium responses were seen for some drugs, especially for non-traditional modulators of cardiac function, e.g. HDACi, and pacing rate was a powerful modulator of drug response, highlighting the need for comprehensive multiparametric assessment, as offered by OptoDyCE-plate. Increasing throughput and speed and reducing cost of screening can help stratify potential compounds early in the drug development process and accelerate the development of safer drugs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73835,"journal":{"name":"Journal of molecular and cellular cardiology plus","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772976123000247/pdfft?md5=b242753723bd4b35b5a8efe0ccd9e3a0&pid=1-s2.0-S2772976123000247-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"92046633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Endothelin-based markers for endothelial dysfunction in chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity","authors":"Gabrielle Boutin ,&nbsp;Jale Yuzugulen ,&nbsp;Md Zahidul Islam Pranjol","doi":"10.1016/j.jmccpl.2023.100053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmccpl.2023.100053","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Current cardiac biomarkers, troponins and brain natriuretic peptide, are primarily used to assist in the diagnosis or exclusion of myocardial damage and congestive heart failure, respectively. The use of these biomarkers in chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity has been evaluated by various studies. However, neither biomarker provides early predictive value, leaving many cancer survivors with irreversible cardiac injury. Assessing endothelial dysfunction could be an effective measure of chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity at the vascular level. Risk profiling and detection of vascular toxicities may offer predictive biomarkers to prevent chronic manifestation of irreversible cardiotoxicities. Emerging interest has developed in finding biomarkers that could ideally provide earlier prognostic value. Thus, the aim of this review is to give an overview of current blood-based cardiac biomarkers and discuss the potential of endothelin-1 (ET-1) and more stable peptide fragments of ET-1 synthesis as biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction. For instance, endothelin-like domain peptide (ELDP) and C-terminal pro-endothelin-1 (CT-proET-1) demonstrated high-sensitivity and longer clearance rate than ET-1. Thus, investigating their biomarker role in chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity is important and could provide additional insights for identifying patients at risk. Also, additional research is required to fully understand ELDP-mediated vasoconstriction. This review will discuss the future development of ET-1, ELDP and CT-proET-1 as prospective predictive biomarkers.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73835,"journal":{"name":"Journal of molecular and cellular cardiology plus","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49881205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of canagliflozin on myocardial microvascular density, oxidative stress, and proteomic profile","authors":"Sharif A. Sabe,&nbsp;Cynthia M. Xu,&nbsp;Mohamed Sabra,&nbsp;Dwight D. Harris,&nbsp;Mark Broadwin,&nbsp;Krishna G. Bellam,&nbsp;Debolina Banerjee,&nbsp;Anny Usheva,&nbsp;M. Ruhul Abid,&nbsp;Frank W. Sellke","doi":"10.1016/j.jmccpl.2023.100052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmccpl.2023.100052","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) are cardioprotective, and canagliflozin (CANA), an SGLT2i, has been shown to improve perfusion, AMPK signaling, and oxidative stress in chronically ischemic myocardium. The aim of this study is to determine the effects of CANA in nonischemic myocardium on coronary collateralization, oxidative stress, and other molecular pathways determined by proteomic profiling.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Yorkshire swine underwent placement of an ameroid constrictor to the left circumflex artery. Two weeks later, pigs received no drug (CON, n = 8) or 300 mg CANA daily (n = 8). Treatment continued for five weeks, followed by tissue harvest of nonischemic myocardium.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>CANA was associated with decreased capillary density (p = 0.05) compared to CON, without changes in arteriolar density. Reduced capillary density did not correlate with reduced perfusion. Oxidative stress was reduced with CANA (22 % decrease). In the CANA group, there was a trend towards increased p-eNOS and eNOS, without a change in p-eNOS/eNOS ratio, p-Akt, Akt, and p-Akt/Akt ratio. There was no change in p-ERK1/2, but a decrease in total ERK1/2 and increase in p-ERK1/2/ERK1/2 ratio. There were no changes in expression of p-AMPK, AMPK, with a trend towards increased ratio of p-AMPK/AMPK. Proteomics analysis identified 2819 common proteins, of which 120 were upregulated and 425 were downregulated with CANA. Pathway analysis demonstrated wide regulation of metabolic proteins.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The effects of CANA on myocardial perfusion and AMPK signaling in chronically ischemic myocardium are not found in nonischemic territory, despite attenuation of oxidative stress. Metabolic proteins are widely regulated in nonischemic myocardium with CANA.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73835,"journal":{"name":"Journal of molecular and cellular cardiology plus","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49904643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Western diet triggers cardiac dysfunction in heterozygous Mybpc3-targeted knock-in mice: A two-hit model of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy","authors":"Edgar E. Nollet ,&nbsp;Sila Algül ,&nbsp;Max Goebel ,&nbsp;Saskia Schlossarek ,&nbsp;Nicole N. van der Wel ,&nbsp;Judith J.M. Jans ,&nbsp;Mark A. van de Wiel ,&nbsp;Jaco C. Knol ,&nbsp;Thang V. Pham ,&nbsp;Sander R. Piersma ,&nbsp;Richard de Goeij-de Haas ,&nbsp;Jill Hermans ,&nbsp;Jan Bert van Klinken ,&nbsp;Michel van Weeghel ,&nbsp;Riekelt H. Houtkooper ,&nbsp;Lucie Carrier ,&nbsp;Connie R. Jimenez ,&nbsp;Diederik W.D. Kuster ,&nbsp;Jolanda van der Velden","doi":"10.1016/j.jmccpl.2023.100050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmccpl.2023.100050","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aim</h3><p>Phenotypic expression of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) and disease course are associated with unfavorable metabolic health. We investigated if Western diet (WD) feeding is sufficient to trigger cardiac hypertrophy and dysfunction in heterozygous (HET) <em>Mybpc3</em>_c.772G&gt;A knock-in mice.</p></div><div><h3>Methods and results</h3><p>Wild-type (WT) and HET mice (3-months-old) were fed a WD or normal chow (NC) for 8 weeks. Metabolomic analyses on serum revealed systemic metabolic derailment in WD-fed WT and HET mice. Strikingly, only WD-fed HET mice developed cardiac hypertrophy and dysfunction, which was not driven by aggravated cardiac myosin binding protein-C haploinsufficiency. WD reduced oxidative phosphorylation and increased toxic lipids in the heart irrespective of genotype. Cardiac proteomic analyses revealed higher abundance of proteins involved in fatty acid oxidation in WD-fed mice, however this increase was blunted in HET compared to WT mice. Accordingly, cardiac metabolomic and lipidomic analyses showed accumulation of acylcarnitines in WD-fed HET vs WT mice.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>WD feeding triggered cardiac dysfunction and hypertrophy in otherwise phenotype-negative HET <em>Mybpc3</em>_c.772G&gt;A mice. We propose that the presence of a HCM mutation predisposes the heart to metabolic inflexibility when subjected to systemic metabolic stress. Our study represents a novel approach to study the interplay between unfavorable metabolic health and mutation-induced defects in HCM disease development.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73835,"journal":{"name":"Journal of molecular and cellular cardiology plus","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49904644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetics-diet crossroads: Unveiling new insights into hypertrophic cardiomyopathy","authors":"Steffen P. Häseli ,&nbsp;Gabriele G. Schiattarella","doi":"10.1016/j.jmccpl.2023.100051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmccpl.2023.100051","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73835,"journal":{"name":"Journal of molecular and cellular cardiology plus","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49881206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New synthetic cannabinoids and the potential for cardiac arrhythmia risk","authors":"Jules C. Hancox ,&nbsp;Caroline S. Copeland ,&nbsp;Stephen C. Harmer ,&nbsp;Graeme Henderson","doi":"10.1016/j.jmccpl.2023.100049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmccpl.2023.100049","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Synthetic cannabinoid receptor agonists (SCRAs) have been associated with QT interval prolongation. Limited preclinical information on SCRA effects on cardiac electrogenesis results from the rapid emergence of new compounds and restricted research availability. We used two machine-learning-based tools to evaluate seven novel SCRAs' interaction potential with the hERG potassium channel, an important drug antitarget. Five SCRAs were predicted to have the ability to block the hERG channel by both prediction tools; ADB-FUBIATA was predicted to be a strong hERG blocker. ADB-5Br-INACA and ADB-4en-PINACA showed varied predictions. These findings highlight potentially proarrhythmic hERG block by novel SCRAs, necessitating detailed safety evaluations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73835,"journal":{"name":"Journal of molecular and cellular cardiology plus","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49904642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}