Journal of medical research and surgery最新文献

{"title":"Acute Ischemic Stroke in a Young Woman with an Otherwise Asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 Infection","authors":"Satori Iwamoto, M. Johnstone, M. Chiu, Hillary Chu","doi":"10.52916/jmrs224074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52916/jmrs224074","url":null,"abstract":"It was well-observed that SARS-CoV-2 may cause a hypercoagulable state in hospitalized patients. Often these hospitalized patients exhibit severe upper respiratory symptoms with hypoxia, requiring high amounts of oxygen support. In this study, we report a young healthy 30-year-old woman with no medical problems, who experienced an embolic stroke due to an otherwise asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection in July 2020. The patient presented to the emergency department after experiencing sudden slurred speech, dizziness, and acute left leg weakness during a social gathering on a river boat the day prior to admission. She also vomited once, non-bilious. The patient had no upper respiratory symptoms and had not been practicing social distancing nor wearing a mask. She did not have any sick contacts or significant travel history. Patient used oral contraceptives but never smoked. The workup included a Computed Tomography (CT) angiogram, an Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and an Magnetic Resonance Angiography (MRA) of the brain. It was significant for acute stroke with acute intraluminal thrombus causing partial occlusion of the distal basilar artery with left pontine stroke. Given that the onset of symptoms was greater than 4 hours, she was outside of the tissue Plasminogen Activator (tPA) administration window. Patient was also not a candidate for embolectomy as National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) was 3 and the occlusion was partial. SARS-CoV-2 PCR test was positive. D-Dimer level was elevated but CRP was normal. Echocardiogram was unremarkable. The patient had no history of autoimmune disorder. Patient was initially treated with antiplatelet medications aspirin and clopidogrel (Plavix). Her condition improved and she could ambulate with a front wheel walker and stand by to assist. She was discharged four days later with anticoagulation medication rivaroxaban (Xarelto) for 3 months. This case illustrates that patients with an otherwise asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection may still suffer from complications of SARS-CoV-2. Do women on oral contraceptives have higher risk of arterial embolism when infected with SARS-CoV-2? More study is needed.","PeriodicalId":73820,"journal":{"name":"Journal of medical research and surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44487215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"GalSafe Pig Organ Xenotransplantation: A Bright Future for More than 800,000 Americans","authors":"B. Pettingill, F. Tewes","doi":"10.52916/jmrs224073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52916/jmrs224073","url":null,"abstract":"Over 54 percent of US citizens are registered as organ donors, however, fewer than 1 percent of deaths result in useable organs [1]. By a large margin, kidneys are the most commonly transplanted organ, followed by liver, heart, lungs, and pancreas. Typically, kidney failure is due to diabetes or severe hypertension. In 2021, it is estimated that more than 800,000 Americans live with kidney failure but their wait times for a human kidney can range from four months to six years depending on a multitude of factors: blood type, geographic location, disease severity, immune system activity, and numerous other factors.","PeriodicalId":73820,"journal":{"name":"Journal of medical research and surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47102515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk Factors for Secondary Postpartum Haemorrhage: A Retrospective Study","authors":"Anushka Kothari, K. Hay, Thanageswaran Rudra","doi":"10.52916/jmrs224072","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52916/jmrs224072","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Secondary Postpartum Haemorrhage (SPPH) refers to any abnormal vaginal bleeding between 24 hours to 6 weeks postpartum. SPPH is a relatively unexplored issue and there is limited evidence, especially regarding risk factors. The aim of this study was to identify risk factors for SPPH.. Method: Patients readmitted with a diagnosis of SPPH between 2014 and 2018 at a tertiary hospital in Queensland, Australia were identified. These patients were compared with randomly selected controls that gave birth via vaginal delivery and caesarean section at the centre during the same time period. Logistic regression analyses were applied for categorical variables and T-test along for continuous variables. Result: 110 cases of SPPH were identified and 225 patients that did not have SPPH were randomly allocated as controls. Incomplete placenta (p=0.005), Antepartum Haemorrhage (APH) (p=<0.00), antepartum (p=0.004) anticoagulation, along with previous obstetric complications (p=0.036) were found to be statistically significant risk factors for SPPH. Previous obstetric complications include conditions such as primary PPH, gestational diabetes and pre-eclampsia. Demographic factors of age and ethnicity did not express any predisposition to SPPH along with other factors such as BMI, parity and plurality. The average estimated blood loss within 24 hours of delivery in the SPPH case group was 350ml and control group was 300ml (p=0.038). Conclusion: This study confirms that incomplete placenta, APH, antepartum anti-coagulation and previous obstetric complications are risk factors for secondary postpartum haemorrhage. Early identification of these risk factors could potentially prevent SPPH, allowing a safer postnatal journey for mothers.","PeriodicalId":73820,"journal":{"name":"Journal of medical research and surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43511317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Awareness of Breast Cancer Screening and Risk Factors among the General Female Population in the Western Province of Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"Abdulrahim Gari, S. Khayyat, Layan Khushaim, R. Alghamdi, W. Bagadood, S. Bagdood, Fatimah Alhawsawi, Fawaz Edris, W. Alasmari","doi":"10.52916/jmrs224071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52916/jmrs224071","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Worldwide, breast cancer is the most common cancer affecting women, and a common cause of death-related cancer. Fortunately, evidence suggests that we might be able to help improve the outcome with screening, early diagnosis, and intervention. Objective: The present study investigates the awareness of breast cancer screening and breast cancer risk factors among women in the western province of Saudi Arabia. Method: The present study employed a cross-sectional survey design, with 365 participating females (aged ≥ 18 years) in the western region of Saudi Arabia. Data were collected from December 2019 to January 2020 using a self-administered questionnaire. The questionnaire covered sociodemographic characteristics, breast cancer knowledge, risk factors, family history, and screening, as well as personal medical history. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, the t-test, and one-way ANOVA tests. Result: In general, the majority of the women (98.1%) were aware of breast cancer screening. The most commonly identified risk factor in our study was a family history of breast cancer (75.1%), and women with previous exposure to breast cancer measured significantly higher on the socioeconomic index score (M=0.147, SD-0.95) than did those who had never been screened (M=-0.134, SD=1, p=0.007). The findings denote that the women who had a higher knowledge are of a higher socioeconomic class and educational level than were those who were measured and found to have a lower knowledge. Conclusion: The findings indicate that the level of awareness of breast cancer screening and breast cancer risk factors, including knowledge about mammogram usage, among women of Saudi Arabia is acceptable, being more than a half. However, the results are still sub-optimal and more educational campaigns are needed to improve the knowledge and screening compliance.","PeriodicalId":73820,"journal":{"name":"Journal of medical research and surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45726578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role Closed Incision Negative Pressure Therapy in the Management of Keystone Flap in Lower Limb Defect","authors":"N. Thomas, R. Chittoria, K. Reddy","doi":"10.52916/jmrs224070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52916/jmrs224070","url":null,"abstract":"The keystone flap is a new flap design that has been added to the arsenal of cosmetic surgeons. The keystone flap is a type of flap that can be used to close soft tissue abnormalities using the local skin. It can be employed in a variety of situations. In the care of a keystone flap to repair a deficiency over the lower limb defect following a road traffic accident, we used closed incision negative pressure therapy.","PeriodicalId":73820,"journal":{"name":"Journal of medical research and surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46480797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pseudo-Aneurysm of Lingual Artery a Rare Complication of Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Tongue and a Cause of Oral Bleed","authors":"I. Ali, Hina Naseer, Raisa Altaf, Muhammad Ayub Mansoor, Danial Khalid","doi":"10.52916/jmrs224069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52916/jmrs224069","url":null,"abstract":"Pseudo-aneurysm of lingual artery a branch of external carotid artery is rarely seen. Most of cases of pseudo-aneurysm occur after trauma, surgery, inflammation, post chemotherapy, radiotherapy and infection. Pseudo-aneurysm of lingual artery secondary to lingual carcinoma with oral bleeding is a rare presentation, hence we discuss the CT imaging findings of lingual artery pseudo-aneurysm in a patient with known case of carcinoma of tongue on chemotherapy and radiotherapy presented with oral bleeding.","PeriodicalId":73820,"journal":{"name":"Journal of medical research and surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49383590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anticoagulation in the Treatment of Pulsatile Tinnitus Caused by Internal Jugular Vein Stenosis: A Rare Case Report","authors":"Talha Arif, Humara Gull","doi":"10.52916/jmrs224068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52916/jmrs224068","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Anticoagulation is considered as a first line treatment of pulsatile tinnitus caused by internal jugular vein thrombosis. We present a case of non-thrombotic internal jugular vein occlusion which responded to Apixaban (Eliquis) therapy. Case Presentation: A 54-year-old female with no significant past medical history presented with debilitating pulsatile tinnitus for two months. Her symptoms included inability to sleep, lower appetite, and intense pressure and throbbing in the face and ears. She described it as a ‘whooshing sound’ exacerbated in the supine position. She admitted to occasional episodes of neck throbbing and forceful heart beat over the years and had undergone multiple workups including Echocardiograms and Holter monitoring, with no apparent abnormalities. The recent workup, including coagulation studies, Computed Tomography (CT) scans and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) of the head and neck, yielded negative findings. However, a CT angiogram revealed an isolated non-thrombotic occlusion of the most proximal aspect of the left Internal Jugular Vein (IJV), with extensive occipital and sub occipital collateral flow. She had been taking antihypertensive and diuretic medications without much effect. She was then prescribed anticoagulation therapy initially with IV enoxaparin (30 milligrams for two weeks) and then oral Apixaban (5 milligrams b.i.d.). Eliquis 5 milligrams bid was continued for 8 months and tapered down to 2.5 milligrams bid for 4 months to completely off in 12 months. Her symptoms improved after eight weeks and were completely gone within a year. Repeat MR angiography showed improved flow in the jugular venous system. Conclusions: A trial of anticoagulation is warranted and can be beneficial in patients with non-thrombotic internal jugular vein occlusion causing pulsatile tinnitus refractory to other treatments.","PeriodicalId":73820,"journal":{"name":"Journal of medical research and surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46545770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of Endoscopic Treatment in Acute Lithiasis Cholangitis (Retrospective Study of 186 Cases)","authors":"R. Berraida, I. Elkoti, A. Benhamdane, R. Laaroussi, H. Iroughman, Y. Touibi, I. Redouan, M. Guelleh, T. Addajou, S. Mrabti, F. Rouibae, A. Benkirane, H. Seddik","doi":"10.52916/jmrs224066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52916/jmrs224066","url":null,"abstract":"The acute cholangitis is a bacterial infection of the bile ducts due to an acute obstacle. It is a therapeutic emergency that can be life threatening. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the results of endoscopic drainage in patients with acute giocholitis.","PeriodicalId":73820,"journal":{"name":"Journal of medical research and surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48597267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Novel Technique of Biological Osteosynthesis in a Bicondylar Tibial Fracture","authors":"Y. Salphale, N. Kimmatkar, Vikrant Salphale, W. Gadegone, R. Mohapatra, Anuradha Y. Salphale, Jenny Garg, Ketaki Mohite","doi":"10.52916/jmrs224067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52916/jmrs224067","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To evaluate the biological treatment outcomes for tibial plateau fractures. Methods: 8 men and 4 women aged 21 to 54 (mean, 36) years with closed tibial plateau fractures were enrolled for the study. According to the Schatzker classification, patients were classified into type I (n=1), type II (n=2), type IV (n=4), and type V (n=5). After closed reduction the fracture was fixed with two to three 6.5 mm cannulated cancellous screws and crossed K wires.The functional outcome was evaluated using the Rasmussen score. A total score of 28 to 36 was considered as excellent, 20 to 27 as good, and less than 10 as poor. Results: Patients were followed up for a mean of 2.2 (range, 1-3.4) years. All the fracture united radiographically after a mean of 3 (range, 2.3-4.3) months. Respectively in Schatzker types-I, II, IV, and V fractures, outcomes were excellent in 1, 2, 3, and 3 patients, It was good in 0, 0, 1, and 1 patients, fair in 0, 0, 0, and 1 patient, and poor in 0, 0, 0, and 0 patients. Outcome was satisfactory (good-to-excellent) in 85%, 86%, 100%, and 80% of the respective fracture types of patients. The mean Rasmussen score was 26.7 for all patients; it was 27.7 for type I, 26.5 for type II, 28.9 for type IV, and 24.4 for type V fractures. No infection, wound dehiscence or hardware issues were noted. Conclusion: This technique offers improved fracture healing without any risk of soft tissue complications, minimising the hospital stay and expenditure.","PeriodicalId":73820,"journal":{"name":"Journal of medical research and surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42364747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Subconcussion, Concussion, and Cognitive Decline: The Impact of Sports Related Collisions.","authors":"Emma Dioso, John Cerillo, Mohammed Azab, Devon Foster, Isaac Smith, Owen Leary, Michael Goutnik, Brandon Lucke-Wold","doi":"10.52916/jmrs224081","DOIUrl":"10.52916/jmrs224081","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Subconcussion can cause long-term consequences for patients. Increasing understanding of what causes the injury and how it can be assessed is important. This paper focuses on the pathophysiology, epidemiology, and assessment tools. Specific emphasis is placed on early diagnosis to implement treatment. Current research is targeting improved pharmaceutic and biomechanic innovations. Enhanced understanding of subconcussion will improve outcomes for patients and allow clinicians to implement treatments earlier.</p>","PeriodicalId":73820,"journal":{"name":"Journal of medical research and surgery","volume":"3 4","pages":"54-63"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40697411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}