{"title":"The backover threat: adopting thermal imaging infrared sensor for agricultural safety.","authors":"Bryan P Weichelt, David C Schwebel, Serap Gorucu","doi":"10.5249/jivr.v15i2.1847","DOIUrl":"10.5249/jivr.v15i2.1847","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73795,"journal":{"name":"Journal of injury & violence research","volume":"15 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10915878/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140066304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Experiences of sexual violence and their associations with suicidal ideation and behavior in the past year: an analysis of adults from the 2021 Ace Community Survey.","authors":"Brian N Fink","doi":"10.5249/jivr.v15i2.1843","DOIUrl":"10.5249/jivr.v15i2.1843","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This research assessed forms of sexual violence and their associations with suicidal ideation among adults identifying on the asexual identity spectrum.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A secondary data analysis was conducted among adults, identifying on the asexual spectrum of asexual, gray-asexual, or demisexual, from the 2021 Ace Community Survey (n = 8,715). Multiple logistic regression analyses determined potential associations between sexual violence and suicidal ideation, adjusting for the covariates of age group, gender, education, racial/ethnic minority, employment, and asexual spectrum identity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Demisexual individuals were at statistically greater odds of suicidality compared to gray-asexual and asexual individuals. Sexual violence victims were more likely to be suicidal compared to non-victims. This was especially true for attempted rape and suicidal consideration (OR = 2.10, 95% CI (1.60, 2.75), planning (OR = 1.76, 95% CI (1.32, 2.34), and attempts (OR = 3.15, 95% CI (2.07, 4.81).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Asexual victims of sexual violence were more likely to be suicidal compared to non-victims. Demisexual individuals were more likely to be suicidal compared to asexual individuals. These findings demonstrate the need for additional research on sexual violence and suicide.</p>","PeriodicalId":73795,"journal":{"name":"Journal of injury & violence research","volume":"15 2","pages":"147-155"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10915876/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9912189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mahdieh Ardaneh, Mohammad Fararouei, Jafar Hassanzadeh
{"title":"Gender difference in the perceived cause of fall leading to fracture and its potentially contributing factors among older adults.","authors":"Mahdieh Ardaneh, Mohammad Fararouei, Jafar Hassanzadeh","doi":"10.5249/jivr.v15i2.1788","DOIUrl":"10.5249/jivr.v15i2.1788","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>the present study aimed to investigate gender difference in the perceived cause (intrinsic or extrinsic) of falls leading to fracture (FLF) and its association with selected social, health, and environmental factors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>All patients aged 60 years or older who were admitted to two referral hospitals due to FLF from August 1, 2018, to the end of May 2019, were included in the study. An interview-administered questionnaire was used to collect the required data from 300 participants (136 men and 164 women).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>When compared to men, women were less physical active, were less smoker, had lower education, had more vision problems, used more sedatives, and were more satisfied with their life (P less than 0.05 for all). No statistical difference was observed between men and women about the perceived cause of Fall.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Although women and men were the same in the perceived cause of fall, they had considerably riskier lifestyles and lower health status. These factors include education, vision condition, physical activity, occupation, and taking sleeping pills. On the other hand, men were more smoker and alcohol user.</p>","PeriodicalId":73795,"journal":{"name":"Journal of injury & violence research","volume":"15 2","pages":"157-164"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10915882/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10297730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sayed Ali Sharifi Fard, Akbar Ata-Dokht, Sajjad Bashar Poor, Golnaz Ali Babaei
{"title":"Investigation of the effectiveness of Gross model-based cognitive emotion regulation training in the improvement of Love Trauma Syndrome, Hoping and Positive Affect Negative Affect among female students with love trauma.","authors":"Sayed Ali Sharifi Fard, Akbar Ata-Dokht, Sajjad Bashar Poor, Golnaz Ali Babaei","doi":"10.5249/jivr.v15i2.1824","DOIUrl":"10.5249/jivr.v15i2.1824","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Emotional sadness caused by the experience of the loss of a romantic relationship can lead to love trauma syndrome, which includes a set of psychopathology symptoms. The present study was also conducted to investigate the effectiveness of cognitive emotion regulation training based on the Gross model in improving the love trauma syndrome, hoping and positive affect negative affect among female students with love trauma.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The research method was experimental (pre-test and post-test with the control group). The statistical population was all the female students with love trauma at the University of Mohaghegh Ardabili and 34 participants (17 participants in each group) were selected by purposive sampling. Also, in order to determine the target sample from the Love Trauma Syndromes Inventory (LTSI-10), to implement the intervention of the cognitive emotion regulation program based on the Gross model, and to measure dependent variables in addition to the LTSI, Positive Affect Negative Affect Scale (PANAS-20) and Miller Hope Scale (MHS-48) were used. Multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) was also used for data analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results showed that the assumptions (homogeneity of covariances and variances) are maintained. Also, the effect of group membership shows the significant impact of the intervention on the love trauma syndrome (p less than 0.01), negative affect (p less than 0.01), hope (p less than 0.01), and no effect on positive affect (p greater than 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Therefore, after identifying individuals with love trauma, the intervention of cognitive emotion regulation can be done on them in a group to reduce the symptoms of psychological harms in them and also to cognitive strategies, and to equip them for problem solving or compatibility.</p>","PeriodicalId":73795,"journal":{"name":"Journal of injury & violence research","volume":"15 2","pages":"179-188"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10915880/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10030176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Epidemiology of injuries during Iran wheelchair basketball professional league: predictive risk factors and prevention strategies.","authors":"Mohammadreza Mahmoudkhani, Mehdi Norouzi, Zahra Fathi, Behnaz Charehjoo, Mona Oftadehgan, Fatemeh Alizadeh, Mahsa Miri","doi":"10.5249/jivr.v15i2.1846","DOIUrl":"10.5249/jivr.v15i2.1846","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Very few studies have investigated athletes with disabilities during a long period of competitions, such as a professional league. Also, there are limited findings related to specific mechanisms and risk factors of injury, and prevention strategies in Wheelchair Basketball. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the rate and characteristics of injuries in the 2021-2022 Iran Wheelchair Basketball League and present prevention strategies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study was conducted after the 2021-2022 (Mar 2021-Sep 2022) competition season. The sample size consists of 36 players, who were randomly selected among 129 players. All the data was processed using SPSS (version 21).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>111 injuries were registered, equivalent to 132 per 100 players (95% CI: 100-180) and 8.16 Injuries per 1000 hours of athlete exposure (6.2-9.8). Also, 77.8% occurred during training and 22.2% in competitions. Most injuries affected the fingers and hands (35.13%), and shoulders (22.57%). The most common types of injuries were contusions (30.63%), laceration and skin lesion (23.42%), and muscle spasms (13.51%), in which, half of the injuries were slight (0-1 days), 27.8% (mild 4-7 days), and 22.2% moderate (8-28 days). Also, 66.9% of injuries were new, and 33.1% were recurrent. Most situations and actions leading to injury include quick wheelchair pushing (29.72%), the intense ball hitting (17.14%), and sudden stops or changes of direction of the wheelchair (12.63%). A multiple linear regression analysis (Enter method) demonstrated (R2 Adjusted=0.530) Wheelchair inappropriateness (P=0.015), lack of protective equipment (P=0.028), and previous injury (P=0.003) explained close to 55% of the injury rate.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The injury rate during the league period was higher than the amounts reported from Paralympic games. Prevention strategies should be focused on rethinking athletes' pre-season readiness evaluation, return to play assessments and protection equipment technologies.</p>","PeriodicalId":73795,"journal":{"name":"Journal of injury & violence research","volume":"15 2","pages":"171-178"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10915874/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9945354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bryan G Maxwell, Andrea Greenlaw, Jeffrey Mako, Megan R Lundeberg
{"title":"SARS-Co-V-2 positive status is associated with a more seriously injured population of trauma patients but not independently associated with worse outcomes of trauma care.","authors":"Bryan G Maxwell, Andrea Greenlaw, Jeffrey Mako, Megan R Lundeberg","doi":"10.5249/jivr.v15i2.1818","DOIUrl":"10.5249/jivr.v15i2.1818","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>SARS-CoV-2 positive status has been considered a predominantly incidental finding among trauma patients. We sought to examine whether concurrent infection is associated with worse outcomes in a contemporary cohort of injured patients during the COVID-19 pandemic.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Retrospective cohort analysis of a level I trauma center's institutional registry from May 1, 2020 through June 30, 2021. The prevalence of COVID in the trauma population was compared monthly using prevalence ratios relative to population estimates. Unadjusted cohorts of COVID+ vs COVID- trauma patients were compared. COVID+ patients then were matched on age, mechanism of injury, year, and injury severity score (ISS) with COVID- controls for adjusted analysis with a primary composite outcome of mortality.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of n=2,783 trauma activations, n=51 (1.8%) were COVID+. Compared to the general population, the trauma population had prevalence ratios for COVID of 5.3 to 79.7 (median=20.8). Compared to COVID- patients, COVID+ patients had worse outcomes, including a higher proportion who were admitted to the ICU, required intubation, underwent a major operation, and had greater total charges and a longer length of stay. However, these differences appeared related to more severe injury patterns in the COVID+ cohort. In the adjusted analysis, no significant differences between groups in any of the outcome variables were observed.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Worse trauma outcomes in COVID+ patients appear to be correlated to the more substantial patterns of injury observed in this group. Trauma patients have substantially higher rates of SARS-CoV-2 positivity than the local population at large. These results reinforce that this population is vulnerable to multiple threats. They will guide the ongoing delivery of care in shaping the needs for testing, PPE for those delivering care, and the capacity and operational needs of trauma systems that must care for a population with such high rates of SARS-CoV-2 infection.</p>","PeriodicalId":73795,"journal":{"name":"Journal of injury & violence research","volume":"15 2","pages":"129-136"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10915877/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10105645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Suitability of existing definitions for drowning to meet the new definition: a scoping review.","authors":"Ali Davoudi Kiakalayeh, Reza Mohammadi, Shahrokh Yousefzade Chabok, Sajad Davoudi Kiakalayeh","doi":"10.5249/jivr.v15i2.1816","DOIUrl":"10.5249/jivr.v15i2.1816","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Past studies have shown a lack of consensus on the definition and terminology of drowning among experts in the field and relevant organizations. There is a need for a new look at the definition of drowning to improve the understanding of drowning events.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A literature search of seven electronic databases, including PubMed, EMBASE, CINHAL, MEDLINE, Sport Discus, and Social Sciences from 1960 to 2020 was conducted using the MESH search terms \"drowning\", \"near-drowning\", \"submersion\", and \"immersion\". Cochrane databases were also searched for systematic reviews The items were searched in all fields of publication, including title, abstract, and keyword.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The search identified approximately 2500 articles, 230 of which were reviewed. The inclusion criteria were applied to the full text of 230 articles, and 25 articles addressing the different definitions of drowning were assessed. They were reviewed critically by authors using a standard review form. The search identified that there were at least 20 different outcome measures for drowning incidents reported. Definitions of drowning in the literature were found for the following terms: dry versus wet drowning, secondary drowning, drowned and near-drowned, drowning without aspiration and drowning with aspiration, near drowning without aspiration or with aspiration, active drowning, passive drowning, silent drowning, witnessed and unwitnessed, immersion, submersion, death certificate records drowning, unintentional submersion, road traffic injury leading to passenger vehicle drowning, drowning, near drowning, salt or freshwater drowning, and cold water drowning.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In the literature, a lack of consensus was observed but the following terms should not be abandoned; \"Non-fatal drowning\" which is used to describe death following rescue and life with at least 24 hours of in-hospital survival and the development of one or more complications and \"Fatal drowning\" which implies death occurring at the scene or 24 h of a submersion incident.</p>","PeriodicalId":73795,"journal":{"name":"Journal of injury & violence research","volume":"15 2","pages":"107-111"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10915881/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9605190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Dehumanization in female victims of intimate partner violence.","authors":"Homa Shahbazi, Mansoureh Alsadat Sadeghi, Leili Panaghi","doi":"10.5249/jivr.v15i1.1676","DOIUrl":"10.5249/jivr.v15i1.1676","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Dehumanization is a psychological construct meaning denying a person's humanity. The present study has investigated the process of dehumanization in female victims of intimate partner violence using the grounded theory approach.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>For this purpose, 130 women in Tehran were selected through the convenience sampling method, and after completion of the Revised Conflict Tactics Scales (CTS2), 60 female victims were identified. In-depth interviews started with these women, and the data reached theoretical saturation by interviewing ten victims.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The data analysis shows the role of dehumanization in the experiences of female victims of intimate partner violence in the form of two models. The first model showed that from the victim's perspective, dehumanization plays a crucial role in intimate partner violence. The second model showed that dehumanization was experienced by these women and is involved in developing strategies in their response to the violence. The combination of these two models showed that dehumanization and violence in the context of domestic violence have a reciprocal relationship, forming a cycle between cognitions, emotions, and negative behaviors between couples.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Data analysis demonstrated that dehumanization might have a role in experiencing intimate partner violence and contribute to IPV recurrence.</p>","PeriodicalId":73795,"journal":{"name":"Journal of injury & violence research","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10369329/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10238417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sayed Ali Sharifi Fard, Fazlollah Hasanvand, Mohammad Ahmadpanah, Mohammad Reza Zoghi Paidar, Zahra Kazemi, Mahmoud Parchami Khorram
{"title":"Design and validation of the psychosexual harassment questionnaire.","authors":"Sayed Ali Sharifi Fard, Fazlollah Hasanvand, Mohammad Ahmadpanah, Mohammad Reza Zoghi Paidar, Zahra Kazemi, Mahmoud Parchami Khorram","doi":"10.5249/jivr.v15i1.1777","DOIUrl":"10.5249/jivr.v15i1.1777","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Physical and sexual harassment has extensive psychological consequences on people's lives. Therefore, the using of a valid measure to identify this unpleasant experience in people can be useful both in determining the starting point of interventions related to victims and in general screenings in the society. In this regard, due to the lack of native and multidimensional measures to investigate this phenomenon, the aim of this study was to design and validation of the psychosexual harassment questionnaire.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The research method was applied in terms of purpose and descriptive in terms of nature. The study population included all university students aged 18 to 30 in Hamadan province from 2021-2022. From this population, a sample of 600 participants was selected based on a multi-stage cluster sampling method according to the population of the studied cities. The measures were a 27-item researcher-made psychosexual harassment questionnaire and the Ryff Psychological Well-being Scale.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results showed that the factor load was 27 items appropriate and 2 items inappropriate which were removed from the questionnaire. Finally, four factors including sexual harassment, physical harassment, sexual-virtual harassment, and verbal harassment were identified, in total, four factors could explain 58% of the variance of psychosexual harassment. Based on this, the four identified factors explained 33, 12, 8, and 5 percent of the variance of the structure of the psychosexual harassment construct, respectively. The adequacy of Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin sampling and Bartlett sphericity test (7332.2132) was calculated to be significant at the level of 0.001. The overall reliability of this questionnaire was calculated based on Cronbach's alpha coefficient equal to 0.91 and the reliability of physical, sexual, sexual-virtual and verbal harassment dimensions equal to 0.90, 0.88, 0.81, and 0.82, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>As a result, given the validity and reliability of this measure, researchers can use this measure to determine the level of four cases of abuse expressed. Also, due to having a nominal table and its interaction with each of the four dimensions of the measure, followed by obtaining very accurate and detailed information from the subject, clinicians can use this measure for clients and patients, especially in the category of disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":73795,"journal":{"name":"Journal of injury & violence research","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10369331/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10238416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Are all helicopter dispatches really necessary? a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Nina Farzan, Seyed Mohammad Hashem Montazeri, Ashkan Beiranvand, Seyed Mojtaba Alavi, Mostafa Vahedian","doi":"10.5249/jivr.v15i1.1778","DOIUrl":"10.5249/jivr.v15i1.1778","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pre-hospital emergency care is a critical part of the health care system. Helicopter emergency medical service (HEMS) is a novel part of the medical services of the health care delivery system. The goal of these medical services is to provide appropriate treatments at the right place and time. The pre-hospital emergency is the first line of providing emergency care to patients and injured. To reduce the death and disability of patients, the optimal performance of various pre-hospital emergency branches, such as HEMS, is needed. Thereby, it is essential to pay attention to the importance of hospital wards and patient transfer. However, the HEMS can impose a high cost on the health care system. Due to a lack of evidence, in this study, we will investigate the reasons and consequences of transferring patients by HEMS in Shahid Beheshti Hospital in Qom.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study is a cross-sectional descriptive study. In this study, sampling was done by the census, and all patients were transferred by air ambulance during the year 1400 (March 2021 to 2022) using the emergency department of Qom province, and the study of patient health records was performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A significant percentage of patients (46.8%) were discharged from the emergency department in the first 6 hours. Most of the patients (79%) did not need surgery. 41.1% of the patients were traumatic patients with no pathological findings in their imaging.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Many cases did not necessarily need HEMS to transfer. It is recommended to choose the candidates more carefully for air ambulance transfer to reduce unnecessary costs.</p>","PeriodicalId":73795,"journal":{"name":"Journal of injury & violence research","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10369332/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9870177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}