Journal of injury & violence research最新文献

{"title":"A survey on occupational injuries and related factors among emergency patients of Mashhad teaching hospitals over a year.","authors":"Hosein Zakeri, Hasan Jahed Taherani, Lahya Afshari Saleh","doi":"10.5249/jivr.v16i1.1902","DOIUrl":"10.5249/jivr.v16i1.1902","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Occupational injuries (OI) are a - significant source of social and economic costs. They can cause prolonged absences from work, loss of limb, and worker disability, among other negative consequences. In light of this, the present study aimed to evaluate the factors associated with OI in trauma centers affiliated with Mashhad University of Medical Sciences.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study was carried out among patients admitted to the trauma ward of four teaching hospitals in Mashhad during 2019-2020. Patients' data was collected in a checklist and trauma severity was assessed based on injury severity score. The Epworth questionnaire was completed for patients. Data was analyzed by SPSS 20.0.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of a total of 13660 patients who were referred to the emergency department of four hospitals of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, 683 (5.15%) individuals suffered occupational trauma and entered the study. The mean (±SD) age and work experience of the participants were 34 (±10) and 10 (±9) respectively. Most of the participants were in the age group of 20-40 years. the most common mechanism of trauma was falling (p=0.00) and the most injury frequency was among manual working (p=0.01). There was not a significant association between trauma severity and demographic characteristics. Those who had falling or electric accidents had more severe trauma compared to other injured patients. (p=0.00) CONCLUSIONS: In general, the most burden of occupational accidents and in fact, the most serious injuries were related to men and manual workers. Also, most of the injuries happened through falls and cuts. The results of this study showed the need for serious policies to reduce occupational injuries.</p>","PeriodicalId":73795,"journal":{"name":"Journal of injury & violence research","volume":"16 1","pages":"77-84"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11684841/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140923952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pediatric trauma volume fell during the initial COVID-19 wave but rebounded to new highs for the remainder of 2020.","authors":"Zachary T Sheff, Brett W Engbrecht","doi":"10.5249/jivr.v16i1.1771","DOIUrl":"10.5249/jivr.v16i1.1771","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Previous studies have shown a reduction in pediatric trauma volume during COVID-19, but many have looked at a limited number of facilities, analyzed a narrow timeframe, or both. The objective of this analysis was to assess the impact of COVID-19 on pediatric trauma volume for a statewide sample during 2020. Based on previous literature, researchers hypothesized a reduction in volume during the implementation of these policies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Retrospective cross-sectional analysis of five years (2016 - 2020) of Indiana's statewide trauma patient registry. Patients under age 15 were included. Those who were transfer patients or missing key data were excluded. In total, 10,926 patients were included in analysis. Baseline years (2016 - 2019) were compared to 2020 to estimate the impact of COVID-19 on pediatric trauma volume.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall monthly volume of pediatric traumas were lower than baseline in March and April 2020 (though not significantly), but rebounded quickly and were above trend in the latter half of the year. Injury patterns differed in both mechanism and location from previous years. Gunshot wounds were more prevalent than previous years, while the volume of non-accidental traumas fell slightly. Injuries that occurred in private residences rose significantly, while fewer took place in schools.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Results indicated an initial drop in injury volume consistent with previous findings, but these were offset by increased volume in the second half of 2020. The growth in gun violence is concerning and warrants additional research. Changes in behavior in response to the pandemic such as reduced participation in sports and use of playgrounds, reduced driving, and increased time at home help explain the changes observed in injury patterns. These findings emphasize the continued need for pediatric trauma care during the pandemic.</p>","PeriodicalId":73795,"journal":{"name":"Journal of injury & violence research","volume":"16 1","pages":"61-70"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11684847/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140195271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterizing long-term outcomes following AMA discharges after assault-related penetrating trauma.","authors":"Ted J Chung, Rachel M Nygaard, Ellie Moon, Logan Peter, Peter Bodurtha, Tyler Winkelman, Derek C Lumbard","doi":"10.5249/jivr.v16i1.1875","DOIUrl":"10.5249/jivr.v16i1.1875","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Patients discharged against medical advice do not receive adequate treatment and have a greater risk of readmission. This study assessed the rate of discharges against medical advice following assault-related penetrating trauma, with secondary aims to evaluate long term pre/post-injury hospitalizations and mortality.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Adult assault-related penetrating injuries admitted to a Level 1 Trauma Center were identified in the prospectively maintained database. Chart review was conducted for hospitalizations ± 5 years from index injury and statewide mortality data was used to identify deaths outside of hospital care.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of a total of 1,744 assault-related penetrated injuries, 3.2% (52/1630) of survivors discharged against medical advice. Reasons for discharge against medical advice included: unknown (38%), home/child/family/pets (25%), unhappy with care/restrictions (23%), and work/money/other (13%). Post-discharge mortality did not differ between routine (6.5%) and against medical advice discharge (3.9%). Against medical advice and routine discharge had similar rates of any hospitalization (38.5 v 28.2%) and trauma hospitalization in prior 5-years (35 v 36%). However, significantly more against medical advice discharges had prior hospitalizations involving drug or alcohol abuse (65 v 38%), but not mental health diagnosis (55 v 55%). Significantly more against medical advice discharges have post-injury hospitalizations compared to routine discharges (48 vs 26.5%); however, include similar rates of repeat traumatic injury (36 v 32%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Those with against medical advice discharges were significantly more likely to have prior hospitalizations involving drug or alcohol abuse and significantly higher rates of post-injury hospitalizations. However, we did not see an increase in repeat traumatic injury or post-discharge mortality in those with against medical advice discharges when compared to those with routine discharges.</p>","PeriodicalId":73795,"journal":{"name":"Journal of injury & violence research","volume":"16 1","pages":"41-48"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11684849/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140023600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seat belt use among rural non-drivers: the role of demographic and traffic-related variables.","authors":"Homayoun Sadeghi-Bazargani, Fatemeh Malekpour, Yousef Mohammadian, Tohid Jafari-Koshki, Forouzan Rezapur-Shahkolai, Mehdi Khansari, Alireza Malekpour, Masoumeh Maleki Marzroud","doi":"10.5249/jivr.v16i1.1852","DOIUrl":"10.5249/jivr.v16i1.1852","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The rate of seat belt use in rural societies is less than in urban societies. The present study aimed to determine the effect of demographic and traffic-related variables on seat belt use among rural non-drivers based on the theory of planned behavior (TPB).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study was conducted among 450 non-drivers in the rural areas of Hashtroud district in Iran. For collection of data, a questionnaire containing questions about demographic characteristics and general information on traffic-related behaviors of non-drivers, and questions on seat belt use based on constructs of the TPB was used.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The lowest seat belt use rate was for non-drivers that sit in the rear seat of a car on rural roads (22.4 % never, 14.4 % always). Also, the rate of seat belt use among parents of participants on rural roads was lower than on city roads. Adherence to traffic rules and having training about seat belt use had significant effects on the construct of TPB, including attitude, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, behavioral intention, and behavior of seat belt use. With increasing age, subjective norms about seat belt use have improved. The attitude toward seat belt use among females was better than males.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The result indicated that most of rural non-drivers did not adhere to traffic rules. Adherence to the traffic rules and having training on seat belt use had a significant impact on seat belt use behavior. Training seat belt use especially by parents could be effective in improving seat belt use.</p>","PeriodicalId":73795,"journal":{"name":"Journal of injury & violence research","volume":"16 1","pages":"21-30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11684844/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139725118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The magnitude of parental physical harms: a descriptive report of 76 abusive children in Isfahan.","authors":"Gholamali Dorooshi, Babak Bakhshaie, Behgat Keshavarzi Moghadam, Ali Soleimanpour, Ehsan Eslaminia, Sarah Keshavarzi Moghadam, Ahmad Bagheri Moghaddam, Zahra Jahanbin, Shiva Samsamshariat","doi":"10.5249/jivr.v16i2.1639","DOIUrl":"10.5249/jivr.v16i2.1639","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Victimization of parents by their children is a widespread phenomenon. However, there is a shortage of literature regarding the abusive behavior of children in Iranian society. The primary focus of this study was to highlight the magnitude and nature of the abusive behavior of a handful of Iranian children toward their parents.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The sample study comprised 76 cases referred to the Isfahan Forensic Department (IFD) from September 2015 to October 2016. Data were computer analyzed using SPSS-21 by running a couple of descriptive-analytical tests.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Most of the victims were elderly mothers above 60 years old. The victims were mostly injured in the neck and head. The majority of the offenders were between 20 to 30 years old, unemployed, with a family history of substance abuse. Significant differences (p less than 0.05) were observed in some variables: gender (women), age (over 60 years), harassment in the residence, having financial authority, 4 children or more (in victims group) and unemployment, single, age between 21-30 years (in offenders group).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Children's abusive behavior towards their parents is a multifactorial phenomenon. Family constitution and background appeared to play a pivotal role in shaping the offenders' social behavior and reaction to their parents. Nonetheless, there is a need to explore further the possible causes of parental victimization.</p>","PeriodicalId":73795,"journal":{"name":"Journal of injury & violence research","volume":"16 2","pages":"141-145"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142514220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unique roadside memorials: a lesson on road safety from Chile's Atacama Desert Region.","authors":"David C Schwebel","doi":"10.5249/jivr.v16i1.1868","DOIUrl":"10.5249/jivr.v16i1.1868","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73795,"journal":{"name":"Journal of injury & violence research","volume":"16 1","pages":"85-87"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11684850/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138479693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The backover threat: adopting thermal imaging infrared sensor for agricultural safety.","authors":"Bryan P Weichelt, David C Schwebel, Serap Gorucu","doi":"10.5249/jivr.v15i2.1847","DOIUrl":"10.5249/jivr.v15i2.1847","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73795,"journal":{"name":"Journal of injury & violence research","volume":"15 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10915878/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140066304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experiences of sexual violence and their associations with suicidal ideation and behavior in the past year: an analysis of adults from the 2021 Ace Community Survey.","authors":"Brian N Fink","doi":"10.5249/jivr.v15i2.1843","DOIUrl":"10.5249/jivr.v15i2.1843","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This research assessed forms of sexual violence and their associations with suicidal ideation among adults identifying on the asexual identity spectrum.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A secondary data analysis was conducted among adults, identifying on the asexual spectrum of asexual, gray-asexual, or demisexual, from the 2021 Ace Community Survey (n = 8,715). Multiple logistic regression analyses determined potential associations between sexual violence and suicidal ideation, adjusting for the covariates of age group, gender, education, racial/ethnic minority, employment, and asexual spectrum identity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Demisexual individuals were at statistically greater odds of suicidality compared to gray-asexual and asexual individuals. Sexual violence victims were more likely to be suicidal compared to non-victims. This was especially true for attempted rape and suicidal consideration (OR = 2.10, 95% CI (1.60, 2.75), planning (OR = 1.76, 95% CI (1.32, 2.34), and attempts (OR = 3.15, 95% CI (2.07, 4.81).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Asexual victims of sexual violence were more likely to be suicidal compared to non-victims. Demisexual individuals were more likely to be suicidal compared to asexual individuals. These findings demonstrate the need for additional research on sexual violence and suicide.</p>","PeriodicalId":73795,"journal":{"name":"Journal of injury & violence research","volume":"15 2","pages":"147-155"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10915876/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9912189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A qualitative evaluation of the challenges in management for patients with chronic diseases during disasters in Iran.","authors":"Elham Ghazanchaei, Kiyoumars Allahbakhshi, Davoud Khorasani-Zavareh, Javad Aghazadeh-Attari, Iraj Mohebbi","doi":"10.5249/jivr.v15i2.1767","DOIUrl":"10.5249/jivr.v15i2.1767","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Iran's health care system faces significant challenges in managing the growing burden of non-communicable diseases, and these are exacerbated during the frequent natural disasters. The current study was designed to understand challenges in providing healthcare services to patients with diabetes and chronic respiratory diseases during such crisis periods.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The conventional content analysis was used in this qualitative study. Participants included 46 patients with diabetes and chronic respiratory diseases, and 36 stakeholders with knowledge and experience in disasters. Data collection was carried out employing semi-structured interviews. Data analysis was performed using Graneheim and Lundman method.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Four major challenges in providing care to patients with diabetes and chronic respiratory diseases during natural disasters include integrated management, physical, psychosocial health, health literacy and the behavior and barriers to healthcare delivery.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Developing countermeasures against medical monitoring system shutdown in order to detect medical needs and problems faced by chronic disease patients including those with diabetes and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), is essential in preparedness for future disasters. Developing effective solutions may result in improved preparedness and better planning of diabetic and COPD patients for disasters.</p>","PeriodicalId":73795,"journal":{"name":"Journal of injury & violence research","volume":"15 2","pages":"113-128"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10915883/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10825470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and validation of SALT Triage method to facilitate the identification and classification of patients in Mass Casualty Incidents.","authors":"Ghasem Mehralian, Marzieh Pazokian, Yousof Akbari Shahrestanaki, Amir Salari, Amin Saberinia, Soheil Soltani","doi":"10.5249/jivr.v15i2.1681","DOIUrl":"10.5249/jivr.v15i2.1681","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Mass Casualty Incidents (MCIs) have caused great financial losses. These incidents are referred to a situation in which the number of casualties caused by the accident temporarily increases to such an extent that it is not possible to treat all these patients with the facilities and capacities available in the area. To offer fair and proportionate medical services to all patients, it is necessary to use a process called patient triage. This study aimed to modify the Sort Assess Lifesaving Intervention Treatment/transport (SALT) triage method to simplify the differentiation of patients from green from yellow and gray from red.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a methodological study with a descriptive cross-sectional approach that by studying the SALT triage method and using the criteria defined in the Reference Standard, facilitates the identification of patients with a minor (Outpatient) and fatal injury (Expectant). Then, using two common and modified SALT triage methods, 100 simulated patients were triaged and the obtained data were evaluated and compared in terms of accuracy and speed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The improvement made in the SALT triage method was able to reduce 22% of the total triage error of the first nurse and improved 18% in green, 43% in yellow, 15% in red, and 13% in the gray category. In the second nurse, this method was able to reduce 29% of the errors and in the category of green patients, 41%, yellow 47%, red was unchanged, and gray 38% improvement was observed. Furthermore, the average triage rate was 4 and 5 seconds shorter per patient in the first and second nurses, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>With this modification, the diagnostic power has increased by 22% in the first nurse and 29% in the second nurse. Due to the significant increase in the accuracy of the mSALT (Modified SALT) triage method, this modification can be considered useful and can be used to advance the goals of triage in MCIs.</p>","PeriodicalId":73795,"journal":{"name":"Journal of injury & violence research","volume":"15 2","pages":"137-146"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10915875/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9781658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}