Advances in Physics: X最新文献

{"title":"Ramsey interferometry with cold atoms in coherent population trapping","authors":"Chengyin Han, Bo Lu, Chaohong Lee","doi":"10.1080/23746149.2024.2317896","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23746149.2024.2317896","url":null,"abstract":"The utilization of Ramsey interferometry via coherent population trapping (CPT), which enables the optical interrogation of microwave transitions without the reliance on microwave cavities, plays a...","PeriodicalId":7374,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Physics: X","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139955794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-resolution correlative imaging in ultrafast electron microscopy","authors":"Ye-Jin Kim, Won-Woo Park, Hak-Won Nho, Oh-Hoon Kwon","doi":"10.1080/23746149.2024.2316710","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23746149.2024.2316710","url":null,"abstract":"Ultrafast electron microscopy (UEM) has a broad scope of application across material systems and scientific disciplines. In UEM, we investigate multiscale dynamics in the spatial domain ranging fro...","PeriodicalId":7374,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Physics: X","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139919995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recent Advancements in Nanophotonics for Optofluidics.","authors":"Sen Yang, Chuchuan Hong, Guodong Zhu, Theodore Anyika, Ikjun Hong, Justus C Ndukaife","doi":"10.1080/23746149.2024.2416178","DOIUrl":"10.1080/23746149.2024.2416178","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Optofluidics is dedicated to achieving integrated control of particle and fluid motion, particularly on the micrometer scale, by utilizing light to direct fluid flow and particle motion. The field has seen significant growth recently, driven by the concerted efforts of researchers across various scientific disciplines, notably for its successful applications in biomedical science. In this review, we explore a range of optofluidic architectures developed over the past decade, with a primary focus on mechanisms for precise control of micro and nanoscale biological objects and their applications in sensing. Regarding nanoparticle manipulation, we delve into mechanisms based on optical nanotweezers using nanolocalized light fields and light-based hybrid effects with dramatically improved performance and capabilities. In the context of sensing, we emphasize those works that used optofluidics to aggregate molecules or particles to promote sensing and detection. Additionally, we highlight emerging research directions, encompassing both fundamental principles and practical applications in the field.</p>","PeriodicalId":7374,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Physics: X","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11563312/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142646812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Strategies and challenges for improving the performance of two-dimensional materials-based gas sensors","authors":"Yuan Xie, Zhe Zhang, Fanying Meng, Shida Huo, Xiaodong Hu, Pingjuan Niu, Enxiu Wu","doi":"10.1080/23746149.2023.2288353","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23746149.2023.2288353","url":null,"abstract":"Two-dimensional (2D) materials emerged in the last decade have been considered as an attractive class of gas sensing materials due to their large surface-to-volume ratio, high surface reaction acti...","PeriodicalId":7374,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Physics: X","volume":"93 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138560884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A time for change","authors":"","doi":"10.1080/23746149.2023.2269020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23746149.2023.2269020","url":null,"abstract":"Plagues of the Desert Locust are occurring, on average, one year in every six. Highly mobile swarms may then threaten a vast territory stretching from Mauritania to India, and Turkmenistan to Tanzania. In the last ten years two major upsurges have occurred. Development agencies including the World Bank have assisted the control efforts of affected countries; financial assistance totaled some USS383 million over this period. This paper highlights a number of issues associated with these operations. One key question concerns the extent to which the rationale for control is based on a realistic assessment of the risks posed to agricultural production and livelihoods. At the same time, it appears that a lack of preparedness on the part of all major actors is contributing to the 'emergency' status of control operations. When operations are undertaken it is not clear that an effective technical strategy currently exists, or is being employed, given logistical, institutional and resource constraints. This is contributing to inefficiencies and increased environmental costs. Moreover, sustainable capacity is not being developed in most of the affected countries and donor dependence is high. Little agreement exists amongst the main parties affected countries, donors, and FAO (the lead agency) on how to deal with these problems. The paper contributes to the ongoing debate on these questions with several specific suggestions. A key proposal is that the strategy for control should shift from one which seeks to prevent an upsurge occurring (which has not been possible so far) to one that is closer to the integrated pest management (IPM) approach, where a variety of means are used to keep economic, social and environmental impacts below acceptable threshold limits. Initiatives are identified at national, regional and international levels. Donors can help affected countries in a number of ways through long term country assistance grants and loans, including assistance to develop improved policies, early warning systems, contingency plans and control strategies linked to environmental impact assessments. Not all countries can justify the expenditure on significant locust control capacity and the building of regional cooperative links is important; however these will only be sustainable if mechanisms are established to ensure long term financing by member countries. Gaps in critical minimum capacity, for example in key potential outbreak areas around the Red Sea, could be addressed through a collaborative regional effort to develop the requisite technologies, institutions and policies. The role of the international community is also discussed. Several measures are suggested to improve the speed of response should internationally coordinated control efforts be required. A key issue is the need to target assistance efforts effectively according to assessed needs; a related need is to improve the transparency of decision-making based on a set of agreed threshold crit","PeriodicalId":7374,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Physics: X","volume":"8 6","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135679795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Magneto-optical effects in lead halide perovskites","authors":"Yan Lv, Yuxiao Wang, Xueying Ma, Yao Xu, Lin Wang, Xiaoyong Wang, Min Xiao, Chunfeng Zhang","doi":"10.1080/23746149.2023.2258951","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23746149.2023.2258951","url":null,"abstract":"Lead halide perovskites have emerged as promising semiconductors for high-performance photovoltaics, light-emitting devices as well as quantum information technologies. In this review, we highlight the magneto-optical effects in these materials from both fundamental research and practical application perspectives. We summarize the experimental results measured for basic physical quantities and the assignment of various spectral peaks using the magneto-optical spectroscopy. These results provide a solid foundation underlying the excellent photo-electronic properties of lead halide perovskites. Additionally, we provide an overview of carrier spin precession and its hyperfine interaction with the nuclear spin bath in response to the applied magnetic field, which is essential for developing perovskite-based spintronic devices. We also illustrate the magnetic-field effects in optoelectronic devices, aiming at providing instructions for performance optimization. Finally, we discuss several challenging research directions towards a comprehensive understanding of the perovskite family and their potential applications in quantum physics, which might be accessed with the magneto-optical techniques. Overall, this review highlights the intriguing possibilities for lead halide perovskites in magneto-optical research and technology, and provides insights for future investigations to advance this promising field.","PeriodicalId":7374,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Physics: X","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135865033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lattice-Boltzmann modelling for inertial particle microfluidics applications - a tutorial review","authors":"Benjamin Owen, Konstantinos Kechagidis, Sajad Razavi Bazaz, Romain Enjalbert, Erich Essmann, Calum Mallorie, Fatemehsadat Mirghaderi, Christian Schaaf, Krishnaveni Thota, Rohan Vernekar, Qi Zhou, Majid Ebrahimi Warkiani, Holger Stark, Timm Krüger","doi":"10.1080/23746149.2023.2246704","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23746149.2023.2246704","url":null,"abstract":"Inertial particle microfluidics (IPMF) is an emerging technology for the manipulation and separation of microparticles and biological cells. Since the flow physics of IPMF is complex and experimental studies are often time-consuming or costly, computer simulations can offer complementary insights. In this tutorial review, we provide a guide for researchers who are exploring the potential of the lattice-Boltzmann (LB) method for simulating IPMF applications. We first review the existing literature to establish the state of the art of LB-based IPMF modelling. After summarising the physics of IPMF, we then present related methods used in LB models for IPMF and show several case studies of LB simulations for a range of IPMF scenarios. Finally, we conclude with an outlook and several proposed research directions.","PeriodicalId":7374,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Physics: X","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135925355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"External-field regulated superatoms","authors":"Si-Qi Liu, Delong Li, Jun Li, Hao Wang, Yun-Ting Bu, Jie Su, J. Chen, Shibo Cheng","doi":"10.1080/23746149.2023.2244541","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23746149.2023.2244541","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT As a special class of stable atomic clusters, the superatom has become an exciting research topic in recent decades. They can mimic the chemistry and physics of individual atoms in the periodic table and find potential applications in a variety of fields. Traditional strategies for superatom design, however, have their own limitations. Herein, we review recent progress in the discovery of novel methodologies for superatom design, namely external-field regulated strategies (EFRS). We begin with a description of the basic concept of the superatom and the conventional electron-counting rules for superatom design, followed by a discussion of recent exploration about external-field regulated superatoms, where the oriented external electric field (OEEF), the ligand field, and the solvent field are presented. In the concluding section, we discuss the benefits and challenges of the EFRS together with some future research topics.","PeriodicalId":7374,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Physics: X","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47302856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Melting of atomic materials under high pressures using computer simulations","authors":"Diana Yu, E. Pahl","doi":"10.1080/23746149.2023.2235060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23746149.2023.2235060","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Enormous progress has been made in high-pressure research over the last decades in both, experiments and computer simulations, many challenges still remain. This is evidenced by controversial experimental and numerical data even for the simplest atomic systems exhibiting different types of bonding. Here we discuss the determination of the solid–liquid co-existence (melting) lines reviewing the computational techniques for studying the high-pressure melting of atomic systems based on molecular dynamic or Monte Carlo algorithms. Some emphasis is put on presenting the parallel-tempering Monte Carlo method that gives direct access to heat capacity curves and entropic information as a function of temperature allowing for an easy detection and interpretation of the melting transition. For molecular dynamics simulations there exist a variety of methods to extract melting information – here we include a more thorough discussion of thermodynamic integration as it is frequently used for high-pressure melting. Applications of these techniques and discussion for different atomic systems are presented including an overview of experimental and numerical results of the weakly, van-der-Waals bond noble gases, of diamond as a representative for covalent bonding and of alkali metals and iron. We conclude by summarizing some outstanding problems and challenges for numerical simulations.","PeriodicalId":7374,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Physics: X","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48401964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disordered optical metasurfaces: from light manipulation to energy harvesting","authors":"Zixian Hu, Changxu Liu, Gui-Jun Li","doi":"10.1080/23746149.2023.2234136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23746149.2023.2234136","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Metasurfaces, the planar version of artificial structured media at sub-wavelength scale, provide the ability to manipulate light wave in a naturally unavailable way. They offer an unprecedented platform for a plethora of applications ranging from holography, imaging, optical communication to nonlinear light source and quantum computing. Conventionally and straightforwardly, metasurfaces are prepared in ordered configuration, aiming at reducing the geometric fluctuations to guarantee a good performance as designed. On the other hand, the inevitability of fabrication imperfection in nanophotonics and unique properties of disorder have been inspiring the exploration of the metasurfaces with novel design. To supplement the comprehensiveness in review for metasurfaces, here, we overview the mechanisms, characteristics and related applications of disordered metasurfaces, concentrating on recent progresses from light manipulation to energy harvesting and beyond. Besides reviewing the achievements in a wide range of applications with disordered metasurface, we provide an outlook on their future developments. With unique features, disordered metasurface may be a promising alternative for the ordered ones, especially for the practical requirement for large-scale production.","PeriodicalId":7374,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Physics: X","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48692595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}