Journal of epilepsy research最新文献_第3页

Issues of Women with Epilepsy and Suitable Antiseizure Drugs 女性癫痫患者与合适的抗癫痫药物问题

Journal of epilepsy research Pub Date : 2023-12-31 DOI: 10.14581/jer.23005

Sang Kun Lee

{"title":"Issues of Women with Epilepsy and Suitable Antiseizure Drugs","authors":"Sang Kun Lee","doi":"10.14581/jer.23005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14581/jer.23005","url":null,"abstract":"Seizure aggravation in women with epilepsy (WWE) tends to occur at two specific times during the menstrual cycle: the perimenstrual phase and the ovulation period. Antiseizure drugs (ASDs), especially those that induce enzymes, can accelerate the metabolism of hormones in oral contraceptives, rendering them less effective. Estrogen in contraceptive pills increases the metabolism of lamotrigine. Physiological changes during pregnancy can significantly impact the pharmacokinetics of ASDs, potentially necessitating adjustments in dosage for women with epilepsy to maintain seizure control. The use of valproate in pregnant women is associated with the highest risk of major congenital malformations among ASDs. Risks of major congenital malformations associated with lamotrigine, levetiracetam, and oxcarbazepine were within the range reported in the general population. Exposure to valproate can lead to lower IQ in offspring. Reduced folic acid levels are linked to orofacial clefts, cardiovascular malformations, and urogenital and limb anomalies in WWE. Decreased folate levels are expected with the use of enzyme-inducing ASDs. However, a high dose of folate was associated with an increased risk of cancer in children of mothers with epilepsy. Most ASDs are generally considered safe for breastfeeding and should be encouraged. However, no single ASD is considered ideal for childbearing WWE. Lamotrigine and levetiracetam are relatively more suitable options for this situation.","PeriodicalId":73741,"journal":{"name":"Journal of epilepsy research","volume":"117 32","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139135435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Aphasic Status Epilepticus Associated with Alzheimer’s Disease: Clinical and Electrographic Characteristics 与阿尔茨海默病相关的失语性癫痫状态：临床和电图特征

Journal of epilepsy research Pub Date : 2023-12-31 DOI: 10.14581/jer.23009

Hyoung Cheol Lee, Byung-Kun Kim, Kyusik Kang, Woong-Woo Lee, Ilhan Yoo, Yong Soo Kim, Jung-Ju Lee

引用次数: 0

Corrigendum to: Glutathione Increase and Seizure Burden Decrease in Patients with Intractable Epilepsy on Ketogenic Diet. 更正：生酮饮食中难治性癫痫患者谷胱甘肽的增加和癫痫发作负担的减轻。

Journal of epilepsy research Pub Date : 2023-12-31 eCollection Date: 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.14581/jer.23001.e1

Saman Hazany, Brittany DeClouette, Jessica Lowe, Darryl H Hwang, Paul E Kim, Stefan Bluml, Arthur Partikian

引用次数: 0

The Frequency and Precipitating Factors for Breakthrough Seizures in Children with Epilepsy. 儿童癫痫突破性发作的发生频率及诱发因素。

Journal of epilepsy research Pub Date : 2023-06-30 DOI: 10.14581/jer.23003

Abdullah Nasser Aldosari, Ahmed Alghamdi, Ayidh Alharthi, Abdullah Albuhayri, Suhaib Ghurab, Mohammed Alghamdi, Mufleh Aldosari

{"title":"The Frequency and Precipitating Factors for Breakthrough Seizures in Children with Epilepsy.","authors":"Abdullah Nasser Aldosari, Ahmed Alghamdi, Ayidh Alharthi, Abdullah Albuhayri, Suhaib Ghurab, Mohammed Alghamdi, Mufleh Aldosari","doi":"10.14581/jer.23003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14581/jer.23003","url":null,"abstract":"Background and purpose: To determine the common precipitating factors for breakthrough seizures in children with epilepsy.Methods: This retrospective study reviewed the charts of children with epilepsy who were followed up in the pediatric neurology clinic of King Fahad Hospital in Al-Baha region, Saudi Arabia, between January 2015 and August 2022. Children between 1 to 14 years of age who had epilepsy, as per the International League Against Epilepsy definition and received anti-seizure medication with a seizure-free period of at least 2 months before breakthrough seizure episode, were included in the study.Results: Of the 108 children included in the study, the mean age was 6.8±1.6 years, and among them (55.5%) were male. Most parents (69.5%) were unaware of the triggering factors of seizure. The majority of patients (88%) reported at least one precipitating factor for breakthrough seizures and the most common one was systemic infection associated with fever (52.8%), and then non-compliance to medications in (34.3%) of the patients. In terms of the electroencephalogram, around 84 patients (77.8%) had abnormal electroencephalogram. Finally, monotherapy was maintained in 63.9% of patients.Conclusions: We conclude that the most common trigger for breakthrough seizure is a systemic infection associated with fever and non-compliance to anti-seizure medications. Increasing the level of awareness by different methods may help limit or even prevent seizures from occurring. Randomized controlled trials could shed light on the adjustment of anti-seizure medications temporarily by increasing the dosage or giving extra doses during the infection to avoid breakthrough seizures.","PeriodicalId":73741,"journal":{"name":"Journal of epilepsy research","volume":"13 1","pages":"13-18"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/b3/a0/jer-23003.PMC10501813.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10360921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Brain Glutathione Increase and Seizure Burden Decrease in Patients with Intractable Epilepsy on Ketogenic Diet. 接受生酮饮食的难治性癫痫患者脑内谷胱甘肽增加，癫痫发作负担减轻。

Journal of epilepsy research Pub Date : 2023-06-30 DOI: 10.14581/jer.23001

Saman Hazany, Brittany DeClouette, Jessica Lowe, Darryl H Hwang, Paul E Kim, Stefan Bluml, Arthur Partikian

{"title":"Brain Glutathione Increase and Seizure Burden Decrease in Patients with Intractable Epilepsy on Ketogenic Diet.","authors":"Saman Hazany, Brittany DeClouette, Jessica Lowe, Darryl H Hwang, Paul E Kim, Stefan Bluml, Arthur Partikian","doi":"10.14581/jer.23001","DOIUrl":"10.14581/jer.23001","url":null,"abstract":"Background and purpose: Ketogenic diet (KD) improves seizure control in patients with drug-resistant epilepsy. As increased mitochondrial levels of glutathione (GSH) might contribute to a change in seizure susceptibility, we quantified changes of absolute GSH levels in the brain by in vivo 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H MRS) and correlate that with degree of seizure control in patients on KD.Methods: Five cognitively normal adult patients with drug-resistant epilepsy were initially included and 2 completed the study. Each patient was evaluated by a neurologist and registered dietitian at baseline, 1, 3, and 6 months for seizure status and diet adherence after initiation of a modified atkins diet. Multiple metabolites including GSH were quantified using LCModel (version 6.3-1P; Stephen Provencher, Oakville, ON, CA) on a short echo time single-voxel 1H MRS in parieto/occipital grey matter and parietal white matter on a 3 Tesla General Electric magnet prior to starting the ketogenic diet and at 6 months.Results: Both patients (42-years-old male and 35-years-old female) demonstrated marked increases in absolute GSH level in both gray matter (0.12 to 1.40 and 0.10 to 0.70 international unit [IU]) and white matter (0.65 to 1.50 and 0.80 to 2.00 IU), as well as 50% improvements in seizure duration and frequency. Other metabolites including ketone bodies did not demonstrate consistent changes.Conclusions: Markedly increased levels of GSH (7-fold and 14-fold) were observed in longitudinal prospective study of two adult patients with intractable epilepsy with 50% seizure improvement after initiation of ketogenic diets. This pilot study supports the possible anticonvulsant role of GSH in the brain.","PeriodicalId":73741,"journal":{"name":"Journal of epilepsy research","volume":"13 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/b2/fe/jer-23001.PMC10501816.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10360920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Alterations in Seizure Frequency in Patients with Epilepsy Following Coronavirus Disease 2019. 2019冠状病毒病后癫痫患者癫痫发作频率的变化

Journal of epilepsy research Pub Date : 2023-06-30 DOI: 10.14581/jer.23002

Negin Seyedhosseinzadeh, Nikoo Saeedi, Anahita Hashemi, Seyed Mehran Homam

{"title":"Alterations in Seizure Frequency in Patients with Epilepsy Following Coronavirus Disease 2019.","authors":"Negin Seyedhosseinzadeh, Nikoo Saeedi, Anahita Hashemi, Seyed Mehran Homam","doi":"10.14581/jer.23002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14581/jer.23002","url":null,"abstract":"Background and purpose: During the coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) pandemic, a considerable number of studies have focused on the difficulties for accessing the medical services and telemedicine-related issues. However, it is not clear whether COVID-19 affects the clinical course of epilepsy. Therefore, in the current study we aimed to assess the effects of COVID-19 infection on seizure frequency in patients with epilepsy (PWE).Methods: We evaluated PWE who consecutively referred to the neurology clinics of 22 Bahman and Qaem hospitals, who had experienced a recent polymerase chain reaction-confirmed-COVID-19 infection. Data were collected through a pre-defined electronic questionnaire.Results: A total of 104 patients were included. Females represented 52% of the population. The mean age of the patients was 36.73±17.87. Thirty-six patients (34%) reported increased seizure frequency. The mean age of the patients who had exacerbated seizure frequency was significantly lower than the non-exacerbated group (27.50±9.8 vs. 40.14±18.39; p=0.005). The number of the male patients were significantly higher in the exacerbated group (52% vs. 25%; p=0.014). The majority of exacerbated group had a history of drug resistance (44.4% vs. 8.5%; p=0.022). The number of epileptic seizures before COVID-19 infection was higher in the exacerbated (p=0.04).Conclusions: About 34% of PWE experienced exacerbated epileptic seizures after COVID-19 infection. Male patients, young patients, patients with the history of drug resistance, and the patients who had higher seizure frequency were at increased risk for seizure exacerbation. Our results highlight the importance of screening, early diagnosis, and treatment in PWE.","PeriodicalId":73741,"journal":{"name":"Journal of epilepsy research","volume":"13 1","pages":"7-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/80/6a/jer-23002.PMC10501815.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10360924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Patient with Epilepsy Showing Psychiatric Symptoms after Remission of Seizures and Normalization of Electroencephalography: The Phenomenon of Forced Normalization? 癫痫发作缓解和脑电图正常化后出现精神症状的癫痫患者:强迫正常化现象?

Journal of epilepsy research Pub Date : 2023-06-30 DOI: 10.14581/jer.23004

Hyoung Cheol Lee, Byung-Kun Kim, Kyusik Kang, Woong-Woo Lee, Ilhan Yoo, Yong Soo Kim, Jung-Ju Lee

引用次数: 0

Isolated Unilateral EEG Findings in Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy: A Case Report. 青少年肌阵挛性癫痫孤立单侧脑电图1例报告。

Journal of epilepsy research Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.14581/jer.22014

Merve Aktan Suzgun, Veysi Demirbilek

{"title":"Isolated Unilateral EEG Findings in Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy: A Case Report.","authors":"Merve Aktan Suzgun, Veysi Demirbilek","doi":"10.14581/jer.22014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14581/jer.22014","url":null,"abstract":"Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME) has well-defined clinical and electrophysiological features. On the other hand, large case series have shown that focal and asymmetrical discharges may accompany generalized epileptiform activities in JME. Although it is known that these non-generalized electrophysiological findings do not exclude the diagnosis of this syndrome, some findings may create confusion in the differential diagnosis. In this case report, a case of JME with electroencephalographic findings characterized by isolated unilateral epileptiform activities without typical generalized discharges was discussed. The current case clinically presented with involuntary jerk movements in the bilateral upper extremities. It has been determined that these movements are uni/bilateral myoclonic beats based on home video recordings. Metabolic, toxic and structural problems were excluded in the investigations for the etiology of myoclonus. In the electrophysiological examination performed for epileptic processes, epileptiform discharges localized to the isolated right hemisphere were observed. JME was considered primarily due to clinical findings in the patient, and effective seizure control was achieved in a 4-year follow-up under anti-seizure treatment. The peculiarity of the case is the presence of electrophysiology recordings of isolated unilateral epileptiform activity during the 4-year follow-up period. It should be emphasized that there is no case of JME diagnosed with isolated unilateral epileptiform activity in the absence of generalized spike-slow waves or multiple spike-slow waves in the literature.","PeriodicalId":73741,"journal":{"name":"Journal of epilepsy research","volume":"12 2","pages":"74-77"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9830026/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9133239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Increased Interleukin-6 Levels Can Be an Early Diagnostic Marker for New-Onset Refractory Status Epilepticus 白细胞介素-6水平升高可作为新发难治性癫痫的早期诊断标志

Journal of epilepsy research Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.14581/jer.220015

D. Kwack, D. W. Kim

引用次数: 1

Evaluating the Role of Perilesional Tissue in Pathobiology of Epileptogenesis of Vascular Malformations of the Central Nervous System 评估病灶周围组织在中枢神经系统血管畸形癫痫发生病理生物学中的作用

Journal of epilepsy research Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.14581/jer.220010

R. Rajeswarie, H. Aravinda, A. Arivazhagan, N. Bevinahalli, M. Rao, A. Mahadevan

{"title":"Evaluating the Role of Perilesional Tissue in Pathobiology of Epileptogenesis of Vascular Malformations of the Central Nervous System","authors":"R. Rajeswarie, H. Aravinda, A. Arivazhagan, N. Bevinahalli, M. Rao, A. Mahadevan","doi":"10.14581/jer.220010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14581/jer.220010","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Purpose Seizures are common presentation of cerebral vascular malformation (CVM). Topography and haemodynamic alterations are proposed as mechanisms for epileptogenesis, but the role of glial/neuronal alterations in perilesional tissue has not received much attention. Identification of the exact pathophysiologic basis could have therapeutic implications. To evaluate whether angioarchitectural factors of CVM or alterations in neuroglial/stroma of the adjacent cortex contribute to seizures. Method The clinical, imaging and histological characteristics of arteriovenous malformation (AVM) and cerebral cavernous malformation (CCM) with and without seizures was evaluated using neuroimaging imaging and digital subtraction angiography parameters and histopathology by morphology and immunohistochemistry. Results Fifty-six cases of CVM were diagnosed over a 2-year study period. Of these, 32 had adequate perilesional tissue for evaluation (AVM, 24; CCM, 8). Seizures at presentation was seen in 12/24 (50%) of AVM and 5/8 (62.5%) CCM. In AVM, hemosiderin deposition and gliosis in parenchyma (p=0.01) had significant association with seizure. Siderotic vessels in the adjacent cortex was exclusively seen only in CCM with seizures (p=0.018). Angioarchitectural features of CVM on imaging and neuronal alterations in adjacent cortex on histology failed to show any statistically significant difference between the two groups (p>0.05). Conclusions We propose that changes in adjacent cortex appear to be epileptogenic rather than the malformation per se. Reactive gliosis and hemosiderin deposits in perilesional tissue in AVM and siderotic vessels in CCM were associated with seizure. This explains the better outcomes following extended lesionectomy that includes epileptogenic perilesional tissues.","PeriodicalId":73741,"journal":{"name":"Journal of epilepsy research","volume":"12 1","pages":"53 - 61"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41949894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0