Journal of endocrinology and diabetes最新文献

{"title":"Central Type II Glucocorticoid Receptor Regulation of Ventromedial Hypothalamic Nucleus Glycogen Metabolic Enzyme and Glucoregulatory Neurotransmitter Marker Protein Expression in the Male Rat.","authors":"A. Alhamyani, A. Mahmood, A. Alshamrani, Mostafa M. H. Ibrahim, K. Briski","doi":"10.15226/2374-6890/8/1/001148","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15226/2374-6890/8/1/001148","url":null,"abstract":"The ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus (VMN) glucoregulatory neurotransmitters γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and nitric oxide (NO) signal adjustments in glycogen mobilization. Glucocorticoids control astrocyte glycogen metabolism in vitro. The classical (type II) glucocorticoid receptor (GR) is expressed in key brain structures that govern glucostasis, including the VMN. Current research addressed the hypothesis that forebrain GR regulation of VMN glycogen synthase (GS) and phosphorylase (GP) protein expression correlates with control of glucoregulatory transmission. Groups of male rats were pretreated by intracerebroventricular (icv) delivery of the GR antagonist RU486 or vehicle prior to insulin-induced hypoglycemia (IIH), or were pretreated icv with dexamethasone (DEX) or vehicle before subcutaneous insulin diluent injection. DEX increased VMN GS and norepinephrine-sensitive GP-muscle type (GPmm), but did not alter metabolic deficit-sensitive GP-brain type (GPbb) expression. RU486 enhanced GS and GPbb profiles during IIH. VMN astrocyte (MCT1) and neuronal (MCT2) monocarboxylate transporter profiles were up-regulated in euglycemic and hypoglycemic animals by DEX or RU486, respectively. Glutamate decarboxylase65/67 and neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) proteins were both increased by DEX, yet RU486 augmented hypoglycemic nNOS expression patterns. Results show that GR exert divergent effects on VMN GS, MCT1/2, and nNOS proteins during eu- (stimulatory) versus hypoglycemia (inhibitory); these findings imply that up-regulated NO transmission may reflect, in part, augmented glucose incorporation into glycogen and/or increased tissue lactate requirements. Data also provide novel evidence for metabolic state-dependent GR regulation of VMN GPmm and GPbb profiles; thus, GABA signaling of metabolic stability may reflect, in part, stimulus-specific glycogen breakdown during eu- versus hypoglycemia.","PeriodicalId":73731,"journal":{"name":"Journal of endocrinology and diabetes","volume":"7 1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44790827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Central Type II Glucocorticoid Receptor Regulation of Ventromedial Hypothalamic Nucleus Glycogen Metabolic Enzyme and Glucoregulatory Neurotransmitter Marker Protein Expression in the Male Rat.","authors":"Abdulrahman Alhamyani,&nbsp;A S M Hasan Mahmood,&nbsp;Ayed Alshamrani,&nbsp;Mostafa M H Ibrahim,&nbsp;Karen P Briski","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus (VMN) glucoregulatory neurotransmitters γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and nitric oxide (NO) signal adjustments in glycogen mobilization. Glucocorticoids control astrocyte glycogen metabolism in vitro. The classical (type II) glucocorticoid receptor (GR) is expressed in key brain structures that govern glucostasis, including the VMN. Current research addressed the hypothesis that forebrain GR regulation of VMN glycogen synthase (GS) and phosphorylase (GP) protein expression correlates with control of glucoregulatory transmission. Groups of male rats were pretreated by intracerebroventricular (icv) delivery of the GR antagonist RU486 or vehicle prior to insulin-induced hypoglycemia (IIH), or were pretreated icv with dexamethasone (DEX) or vehicle before subcutaneous insulin diluent injection. DEX increased VMN GS and norepinephrine-sensitive GP-muscle type (GPmm), but did not alter metabolic deficit-sensitive GP-brain type (GPbb) expression. RU486 enhanced GS and GPbb profiles during IIH. VMN astrocyte (MCT1) and neuronal (MCT2) monocarboxylate transporter profiles were up-regulated in euglycemic and hypoglycemic animals by DEX or RU486, respectively. Glutamate decarboxylase65/67 and neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) proteins were both increased by DEX, yet RU486 augmented hypoglycemic nNOS expression patterns. Results show that GR exert divergent effects on VMN GS, MCT1/2, and nNOS proteins during eu- (stimulatory) versus hypoglycemia (inhibitory); these findings imply that up-regulated NO transmission may reflect, in part, augmented glucose incorporation into glycogen and/or increased tissue lactate requirements. Data also provide novel evidence for metabolic state-dependent GR regulation of VMN GPmm and GPbb profiles; thus, GABA signaling of metabolic stability may reflect, in part, stimulus-specific glycogen breakdown during eu- versus hypoglycemia.</p>","PeriodicalId":73731,"journal":{"name":"Journal of endocrinology and diabetes","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8274514/pdf/nihms-1672839.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39181612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Silent Myocardial Ischemia in Type 2 Diabetic Patients Asymptomatic For Coronary Artery Disease: A Cross- Sectional Study","authors":"Pawan Kumar Goyal, L. Sharma, Sandeep Singh Rathore, Suruchi Kapoor","doi":"10.15226/2374-6890/7/1/001147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15226/2374-6890/7/1/001147","url":null,"abstract":"Background Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) is a common cause of premature morbidity and mortality in diabetics and is often asymptomatic because of silent myocardial ischemia (SMI). Early detection of SMI may prevent catastrophic cardiac events. Objective To study the prevalence of SMI in patients of type 2 diabetes mellitus (Type 2 DM), asymptomatic for CAD and to assess the role of conventional CAD risk factors in diabetic patients asymptomatic for CAD in the development of SMI. Methodology 102 cases of Type 2 DM without any clinical and electrocardiographic evidence of CAD, who attended a tertiary care hospital in North Delhi, over a period of one year, were studied for the present cross-sectional study. Detailed history, general physical examination, BMI, systemic examination and investigations like glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), lipid profile, resting 12-leads electrocardiography (ECG) and treadmill test (TMT) were carried out. Results Out of 102 patients, TMT was found positive in 23 patients. It was positive in 12% among diabetic patients with duration of diabetes ≤5 years, 14.8% in patients with duration 6-10 years, 37.5% in patients with duration 10-15 years and 77.7% in patients with duration 16-20 years, respectively with p<0.001. Conclusion The prevalence of SMI in asymptomatic Type 2 DM without history of CAD is 22.54%. Duration of diabetes, presence of autonomic neuropathy (AN), dyslipidemia and HbA1c level are strong clinical predictors of SMI in asymptomatic Type 2 DM. Keywords: Silent myocardial ischemia; Type 2 Diabetes mellitus; Coronary artery Disease; Treadmill test Asymptomatic; Autonomic Neuropathy.","PeriodicalId":73731,"journal":{"name":"Journal of endocrinology and diabetes","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42554732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of Estrogens in Insulin Secretion. Implications for Aromatase Inhibitor Treatment","authors":"I. Vlachodimitris, C. Markopoulos, I. Kostoglou-Athanassiou, E. Papageorgiou, H. Gogas, M. Koutsilieris","doi":"10.15226/2374-6890/7/1/001146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15226/2374-6890/7/1/001146","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction The main hormonal treatment of estrogen sensitive breast cancer includes the use of selective estrogen receptor modulators, aromatase inhibitors and GnRH-Analogs. It has been observed that administering aromatase inhibitor to breast cancer patients not only impairs their glucose metabolism but it can even cause frank diabetes mellitus. Moreover, it has been hypothesized that aromatase inhibitors may have an impact on glucose metabolism by their effect on estrogen levels. Therefore, we designed an experiment in order to assess the effect of estrogens on insulin secretion from rat beta pancreatic insulinoma INS-1 cells. Methods Experiments were conducted on an INS-1 cell line, a rodent beta cell line derived from a rat insulinoma induced by X-ray irradiation, which displays high insulin content, production of both proinsulin I and II and responsiveness to glucose and hormones. INS-1 cells were routinely cultured in 75cm2 flasks (T75) containing 10ml of appropriate culture media and then were transferred into 6-well plates and treated with 17β-E2. Proliferation, as well as insulin expression in the 17β-E2 treated cells in mRNA and protein level was then investigated. Cell cultures were treated with 12.5mM, 25mM, 50mM, 100mM and 200mM estradiol. After 24 hours, RNA as well as protein extraction was carried out. Gene expression was examined in mRNA and protein level, by real time quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR and by western blotting, respectively. Extraction of total RNA was achieved with the use of NucleoZOL (Macherey-Nagel, Duren, Germany). Protein concentration of samples was measured by using the bicinchoninic acid (BCA) assay and bovine serum albumin (BSA) as the standard (Thermo Scientific TM Pierce TM BCA Protein Assay Kit, USA). Results Real time PCR showed a dose-dependent up regulation of insulin gene expression by estradiol. The findings were consistent with the results from western blot, although the estradiol dose-dependent increase in gene expression was not so clear. Finally, both protein and mRNA expression of insulin increased in a dose dependent manner, with mRNA reaching a plateau at 100nM estradiol treatment. Conclusion The experimental data suggest that there might be a direct effect of estrogen on beta cells and insulin secretion.","PeriodicalId":73731,"journal":{"name":"Journal of endocrinology and diabetes","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47613179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How had COVID-19 changed the shape of Public Health in India","authors":"Dr. Vandana Dabla","doi":"10.15226/2374-6890/8/1/001145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15226/2374-6890/8/1/001145","url":null,"abstract":"Public health has never been a subject of such focus. Although critical in the dynamics of every country and society, it is witnessing the change it has never thought it would in this century! However “Change”, which is the only constant, is being radically changing „health systems‟ due to SARS-CoV-2. And the change is extra-ordinary! COVID-19, a novel strain of beta corona virus related to SARS and MERS, has caused more than twenty three million people affected worldwide till date. First reported from Wuhan in China in December 2019, “COVID-19‟ is testing the health infrastructure and societal response capabilities reminiscent of the 1918 global pandemic of Influenza that probably resulted in ~ 50 million deaths worldwide. The WHO declared a Public Health Emergency of International Concern on 30 January 2020 [1].","PeriodicalId":73731,"journal":{"name":"Journal of endocrinology and diabetes","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43839239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diabetic Family History is Associated with Severity of Peripheral Neuropathy","authors":"Ushasi Naha BA, Adam Hamidi BA, Awais Hussain MD, Amit Parekh MD, Gautam Malhotra MD, Alfonso Mejia MD, Maria Siemionow MD, Mark Gonzalez MD","doi":"10.15226/2374-6890/7/1/001144","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15226/2374-6890/7/1/001144","url":null,"abstract":"Background Clinicians lack tools to determine a patient’s risk for diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN). This study examined the relationship between severity of DPN and family history of diabetes and DPN. Methods The Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument (MNSI) was used to collect symptom and physical exam data from consenting diabetic and control (n=293) patients. Family history of diabetes, DPN and major complications were collected going back two generations. Relevant additional characteristics were mined from patient medical records. Results Between patients who did and did not meet MNSI criteria for neuropathy, there were significant differences in comorbidities, including cardiac ( P <.0001), renal (P =.006), PVD (P<.0001), and thyroid (P =.027). Patients with history of diabetes on both sides (P=.032) or siblings (P<.0001); history of neuropathy on their maternal (P=.026), paternal (P=.002), both sides (P=.002) or siblings (P=.002); history of amputations on their maternal (P=.039) or paternal side (P=.162); or a history of ulcers on their maternal side (P=.030), paternal side (P=.005) or both sides (P=.046) were more likely to meet MNSI criteria for neuropathy. MNSI criteria for neuropathy was independently associated with history of cardiac or PVD comorbidities, and an MNSI score in the upper quartile was associated with diabetic siblings (OR=10.96). Conclusion: Family history of diabetes, DPN, and major complications was associated with neuropathy and also stronger degree of neuropathy. Family history, specifically diabetic siblings, cardiac and PVD comorbidities are independent risk factors for developing DPN. Clinicians should gather detailed family history and relevant comorbidities to optimize prevention of severe DPN in diabetics. Keywords:Type 2; Diabetic peripheral neuropathy; Family history of diabetes; MNSI; Complications","PeriodicalId":73731,"journal":{"name":"Journal of endocrinology and diabetes","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43572800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serotonin 2A Receptor Autoantibodies Increase in Adult Traumatic Brain Injury In Association with Neurodegeneration.","authors":"Mark B Zimering,&nbsp;Amy T Pulikeyil,&nbsp;Catherine E Myers,&nbsp;Kevin C Pang","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is associated with an increased risk of late neurodegenerative complications via unknown mechanisms. Circulating neurotoxic 5-hydroxytryptamine 2A receptor (5-HT2AR) autoantibodies were reported to increase in subsets of obese type 2 diabetes having microvascular complications. We tested whether 5-HT2AR autoantibodies increase in adults following traumatic brain injury in association with neurodegenerative complications.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Plasma from thirty-five middle-aged and older adult veterans (mean 65 years old) who had suffered traumatic brain injury was subjected to protein-A affinity chromatography. The resulting immunoglobulin (Ig) G fraction was tested for neurotoxicity (acute neurite retraction, and accelerated cell death) in mouse N2A neuroblastoma cells or for binding to a linear synthetic peptide corresponding to the second extracellular loop region of the human 5-HT2A receptor.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Nearly two-thirds of traumatic brain injured-patients harbored 5-HT2AR autoantibodies in their circulation. Active TBI autoantibodies caused neurite retraction in mouse N2A neuroblastoma cells and accelerated N2A cell loss which was substantially prevented by co-incubation with a two hundred and fifty nanomolar concentration of M100907, a highly selective 5-HT2AR antagonist. Antagonists of RhoA/Rho kinase and Gq11/phospholipase C/inositol triphosphate receptor signaling pathways blocked TBI autoantibody-induced neurite retraction. Following traumatic brain injury, autoantibody binding to a 5-HT2A receptor peptide was significantly increased in patients having co-morbid Parkinson's disease (n=3), dementia (n=5), and painful neuropathy (n=8) compared to TBI subsets without neurologic or microvascular complication (n=20). Autoantibody titer was significantly elevated in TBI subsets experiencing multiple neurotraumatic exposures vs. single TBI. Plasma white blood cell, a marker of systemic inflammation, correlated significantly (correlation coefficient r =0.52; P < 0.01) with, 5-HT2A receptor peptide binding of the TBI-autoantibody.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These data suggest that circulating neurotoxic 5-hydroxytryptamine 2A receptor agonist autoantibodies increase in adults following traumatic brain injury in association with late neurodegenerative complications.</p>","PeriodicalId":73731,"journal":{"name":"Journal of endocrinology and diabetes","volume":"7 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7362960/pdf/nihms-1586437.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38164708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serotonin 2A Receptor Autoantibodies Increase in Adult Traumatic Brain Injury In Association with Neurodegeneration","authors":"Mark B. Zimering, Amy T. Pulikeyil, Catherine E. Myers, Kevin C. Pang","doi":"10.15226/2374-6890/7/1/001142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15226/2374-6890/7/1/001142","url":null,"abstract":"Objective Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is associated with an increased risk of late neurodegenerative complications via unknown mechanisms. Circulating neurotoxic 5-hydroxytryptamine 2A receptor (5-HT2AR) autoantibodies were reported to increase in subsets of obese type 2 diabetes having microvascular complications. We tested whether 5-HT2AR autoantibodies increase in adults following traumatic brain injury in association with neurodegenerative complications. Methods Plasma from thirty-five middle-aged and older adult veterans (mean 65 years old) who had suffered traumatic brain injury was subjected to protein-A affinity chromatography. The resulting immunoglobulin (Ig) G fraction was tested for neurotoxicity (acute neurite retraction, and accelerated cell death) in mouse N2A neuroblastoma cells or for binding to a linear synthetic peptide corresponding to the second extracellular loopregion of the human 5-HT2A receptor. Results Nearly two-thirds of traumatic brain injured-patients harbored 5-HT2AR autoantibodies in their circulation. Active TBI autoantibodies caused neurite retraction in mouse N2A neuroblastoma cells and accelerated N2A cell loss which was substantially prevented by co-incubation with a two hundred and fifty nanomolar concentration of M100907, a highly selective 5-HT2AR antagonist. Antagonists of RhoA/Rho kinase and Gq11/ phospholipase C/inositol triphosphate receptor signaling pathways blocked TBI autoantibody-induced neurite retraction. Following traumatic brain injury, autoantibody binding to a 5-HT2A receptor peptide was significantly increased in patients having co-morbid Parkinson’s disease (n=3), dementia (n=5), and painful neuropathy (n=8) compared to TBI subsets without neurologic or microvascular complication (n=20). Autoantibody titer was significantly elevated in TBI subsets experiencing multiple neurotraumatic exposures vs. single TBI. Plasma white blood cell, a marker of systemic inflammation, correlated significantly (correlation coefficient r =0.52; P < 0.01) with, 5-HT2A receptor peptide binding of the TBIautoantibody. Conclusion These data suggest that circulating neurotoxic 5-hydroxytryptamine 2A receptor agonist autoantibodies increase in adults following traumatic brain injury in association with late neurodegenerative complications.","PeriodicalId":73731,"journal":{"name":"Journal of endocrinology and diabetes","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44658900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Growth Pattern Among Yemeni Children Suffering from Β Thalassemia Major in Relation to Serum Ferritin the Yemeni Society for Thalassemia and Genetic Blood Disorder - Sana'a Yemen","authors":"Abdullah A. K. Al-Tayar, Ali Ahmed Al-Zaazaai","doi":"10.15226/2374-6890/6/3/001136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15226/2374-6890/6/3/001136","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Thalassemia are a heterogeneous collection of genetic disorders categorized by decreased or absent production of one or more globin chains that make up a hemoglobin molecule. Objective: The main aim of the present study was to evaluate the growth pattern and growth failure rate in children with hyper transfused β thalassemia major those on chelating therapy in comparison with serum ferritin level in the Yemeni society for thalassemia and genetic blood disorder. Methods: In this comparative descriptive study, the growth parameters (height, weight) and serum ferritin of 109 patients aged 2-18 years (52 males 47 females) with β-thalassemia major in The Yemeni society for thalassemia and genetic blood disorder Sana`a, were taken, In which the growth was compared with normal growth charts for the same age and gender according to WHO then the growth pattern is camper with serum ferritin and degree of hemosiderosis. Results: Growth retardation below 5 centiles were found in (67.889%) of total surveyed Patients for both height and weight in both gender, in details there are (71.60%) are short and under 5th centile in compare with height of normal children at same age and gender (38.46% is female patients and 61.53% is male patients) and there are (67.9%) are underweight and under 5th centile in compare with weight of normal children at same age and gender (37.83% is female patient and 62.16% is male patients). Conclusion: Growth failure (underweight and short stature) significantly occurs in thalassemia patients compared to normal children of the same age and sex, and such growth retardation was more in Yemeni patients compared with same studies on other countries than Yemen.","PeriodicalId":73731,"journal":{"name":"Journal of endocrinology and diabetes","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42474062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Retrospective Study of LDL-Cholesterol in Koreans on Atorvastatin/Ezetimibe or Atorvastatin Monotherapy","authors":"S. Ihm, Jung-Sun Kim, Chang-Hwan Yoon, S. Her, C. Nam, Jin Won Kim, J. Bae, S. Kwon, D. Jeon, Jongmin Lee, B. Hwang, H. Shin, Kiyuk Chang","doi":"10.15226/2374-6890/6/3/001135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15226/2374-6890/6/3/001135","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To investigate low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) goal attainment rates in patients with hypercholesterolemia treated with atorvastatin/ezetimibe or atorvastatin monotherapy. Methods: This was a multicenter, noninterventional, retrospective, chart review study of Korean patients with hypercholesterolemia who were statin-naïve and prescribed atorvastatin/ezetimibe or atorvastatin monotherapy during an observational period, from January 2014 to July 2017, and followed up for 12–18 weeks. Patients were propensity score matched to reduce treatment selection bias. Outcomes included LDL-C goal attainment rate at week 12, defined by risk groups according to Korean Society of Lipidology and Atherosclerosis guidelines; and change in lipid parameters from the index date to week 12. Results: A total of 969 patients were enrolled in the study: atorvastatin/ezetimibe, n = 349; atorvastatin monotherapy, n = 620. Following propensity matching (n = 316 in each group), respective LDL-C goal attainment rates for atorvastatin/ezetimibe and atorvastatin monotherapy groups were 86% and 75%, respectively (p = 0.0004). Atorvastatin/ezetimibe produced significantly larger reductions at week 12 in mean LDL-C (−50.3% vs −42.7%), total cholesterol (−36.8% vs −30.7%) and non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C; −47.3% vs −39.8%) levels compared to atorvastatin monotherapy (all p < 0.0001). Conclusion: More patients achieved LDL-C goal attainment with atorvastatin/ezetimibe than with atorvastatin monotherapy, and atorvastatin/ ezetimibe was associated with significantly larger reductions in mean LDL-C, total cholesterol and non-HDL-C levels than atorvastatin monotherapy, in Korean patients with hypercholesterolemia in a real-world clinical practice.","PeriodicalId":73731,"journal":{"name":"Journal of endocrinology and diabetes","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49278151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}