Advances in Orthopedics最新文献

{"title":"Caregivers' Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice towards Pressure Injuries in Spinal Cord Injury at Rehabilitation Center in Bangladesh.","authors":"Niraj Singh Tharu,&nbsp;Monzurul Alam,&nbsp;Shristi Bajracharya,&nbsp;Gautam Prasad Chaudhary,&nbsp;Jitendra Pandey,&nbsp;Mohammad A Kabir","doi":"10.1155/2022/8642900","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/8642900","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The purpose of this study was to determine caregivers' knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) on the prevention and care of pressure injuries (PIs) in individuals with spinal cord injury. A quantitative cross-sectional study with descriptive correlation design was used to implement a modified semistructured questionnaire using a convenient sampling method. McDonald's standard of learning outcome measurement criteria was used to categorize caregivers' KAP. A Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient (<i>r</i>) was utilized to assess the relationships between caregivers' KAP, with a <i>p</i> value of 0.05 or less considered statistically significant. The study findings indicate that caregivers had a moderate level of knowledge (M = 73.68%, SD = 6.43), a neutral attitude (M = 70.32%, SD = 6.89), and a moderate level of practice (M = 74.77%, SD = 9.08). A positive correlation existed between caregivers' knowledge and attitude (<i>r</i> = 0.30, <i>p</i> < 0.01), as well as between knowledge and practice (<i>r</i> = 0.37, <i>p</i> < 0.01). Nevertheless, there was no correlation between attitude and practice (<i>r</i> = 0.12, <i>p</i> > 0.05). The study findings suggest that caregivers need to develop a positive attitude and expand their knowledge in order to improve their practice. The KAP factors that require higher priority were positioning and turning the patient, preventing skin breakdown, assessing weight changes over time, interest in patient care, additional care for PIs, frequently changing the individual's position, priority to PI care, interest in other types of care other than PIs, using special cushions, consulting doctors on a regular basis, being aware of clothing and fabrics, proper transfer technique, pressure relief, and skin inspection, among others.</p>","PeriodicalId":7358,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Orthopedics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9213162/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40391168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"3D-Printed Models versus CT Scan and X-Rays Imaging in the Diagnostic Evaluation of Proximal Humerus Fractures: A Triple-Blind Interobserver Reliability Comparison Study.","authors":"Gianluca Puglisi,&nbsp;Marco Montemagno,&nbsp;Regina Denaro,&nbsp;Giuseppe Condorelli,&nbsp;Vincenzo Fabrizio Caruso,&nbsp;Andrea Vescio,&nbsp;Gianluca Testa,&nbsp;Vito Pavone","doi":"10.1155/2022/5863813","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/5863813","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Proximal humerus fractures (PHFs) are one of the most frequent fractures in the elderly and are the third most fractures after those of the hip and wrist. PHFs are assessed clinically through conventionally standard imaging (X-ray and computed tomography (CT) scans). The present study aims to conduct the diagnostic evaluation and therapeutic efficacy of the 3D-printed models (3DPMs) for the PHFs, compared with the standard imaging.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>In terms of fracture classification and surgical indication, PHFs have poor interobserver agreement between orthopedic surgeons using traditional imaging such as X-rays and CT scan. Our objective is to compare interobserver reliability in diagnostic evaluation of PHFs using 3DPMs compared to traditional imaging.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The inclusion criteria were elders aged >65 years, fracture classification AO/OTA 11 B and 11 C, and no pathological fractures or polytrauma. In addition, 9 PHFs were assessed by 6 evaluators through a questionnaire and double-blinded administered for each imaging (X-ray and CT scan) and 3DPMs for each fracture. The questionnaire for each method regarded Neer classification, Hertel classification, treatment indication (IT), and surgical technique (ST). Interobserver reliability was calculated through the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Nine patients with PHF were included in the study (66% female). The Neer and Hertel classifications between imaging types had similar ICC values between raters with no statistical differences. IT reliability using CT scan and 3DPMs (ICC = 1; (<i>p</i>=0.116)) assessed better agreement compared with X-rays IT. The ST reliability using 3DPMs (ICC = 0.755; <i>p</i>=0.002) was statistically superior to traditional imaging (ST-RX ICC = -0.004 (<i>p</i>=0.454); ST-CT ICC = 0.429 (<i>p</i>=0.116)).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Classification systems like Neer and Hertel offer poor reliability between operators. The 3DPMs for evaluating diagnostics are comparable to CT images but superior to the surgical technique agreement. The application of 3DPMs is effective for preoperative fracture planning and the modeling of patient-specific hardware.</p>","PeriodicalId":7358,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Orthopedics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9208975/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40221998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of Red Cell Salvage Systems in Open Acetabular Surgery","authors":"S. MacDonald, C. Byrd, E. Barlow, V. Nahar, J. Martin, D. Krenk","doi":"10.1155/2022/8276065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/8276065","url":null,"abstract":"Over the past 50 years, treatment of displaced acetabular fractures has moved away from conservative treatment with bedrest to operative intervention to achieve anatomic reduction, stable fixation, and allow early range of motion of the hip. However, operative fixation is not without complications. Internal fixation of traumatic acetabular fractures has been coupled with large volume of blood loss both at the time of injury and surgery. This often results in the need for allogenic blood products, which has been linked to increase morbidity (Vamvakas and Blajchman, 2009). In an attempt to avoid the risk associated with allogenic blood transfusion numerous techniques and methods have been devised. Red blood cell salvage (CS) is an intraoperative blood salvage tool where blood is harvested from the operative field. It is washed to remove the plasma, white blood cells, and platelets. The red cells are resuspended in a crystalloid solution. If the hematocrit of the resuspended red blood cells is sufficient, it is transfused to the patient intravenously. The benefits of CS in major spine surgery, bilateral knee replacement, and revision hip surgery are well established (Goulet et al. 1989, Gee et al. 2011, Canan et al. 2013). However, literature reviewing the use of cell saver in orthopedic trauma surgery, specifically acetabular surgery is limited. Our institute performed a retrospective review of 63 consecutive operative acetabular fractures at a level one trauma center. Our study revealed that patients with blood loss of less than 400 mL were 13 times less likely to receive autologous blood, and patients with hemoglobin less than 10.5 were 5 times less likely to receive autologous transfusion (p < 0.05). We also found that no patients with a hemoglobin level less than 10.5 and EBL less than 400 mL received autologous blood return. Autologous blood transfusion had no effect on volume or rate of allogenic blood transfusion. We believed that if a patient's preoperative hemoglobin is less than 10.5 or expected blood loss is less than 400 mL, then CS should have a very limited role, if any, in the preoperative blood conservation strategy. We found ASA greater than 2, BMI greater than 24 and associated fracture type to be a risk factor for high blood loss.","PeriodicalId":7358,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Orthopedics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45434524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Revision Surgery Using Retrograde Nail versus Replating in Nonunion Distal Femur Fracture Treated with Plate.","authors":"Antonio Ziranu, Giovanni Noia, Valerio Cipolloni, Michele Coviello, Giuseppe Maccagnano, Francesco Liuzza, Giulio Maccauro, Luigi Aurelio Nasto, Enrico Pola","doi":"10.1155/2022/5742743","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2022/5742743","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Articular distal femur fractures represent 4% to 6% of femur fractures. Locking compression plates (LCPs) are the main treatment option. Nevertheless, a reoperation rate of 12.9% has been reported; nonunion is reported at 4.8%, delayed union at 1.6%, and malunion at 0.6%. Treatment of nonunions can be challenging as no unanimous consensus regarding the best surgical technique has been reached. The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare two types of revision surgery as treatment of LCP-treated articular distal femoral fracture nonunion: retrograde nail or replating. A retrospective cohort study of patients admitted from January 2015 to February 2017 for nonunion of AO/OTA 33C2 fractures previously treated with a lateral LCP was conducted. Patients were treated either with intramedullary nailing (Group A) or with replating (Group B). One independent observer performed clinically and radiographically followed up at 1, 3, 6, 9, 12, 24, and 36 months after surgery. The nonunion scoring system (NUSS) was used. Nine patients were included in our study. The mean follow-up was 2 years. Five patients were treated with intramedullary nailing and four with replating. The NUSS score was 24.2 ± 6.8 in the nailing group and 37.3 ± 3 in the replating group (<i>P</i>=0.03). In the nailing group, radiographic consolidation was obtained in all cases. In the replating group, nonunion was found in 3 patients and failure of osteosynthesis in one patient. Therefore, four patients (Group B) underwent implant removal and retrograde femoral nailing, obtaining radiological healing. The union time was 7.6 months in the nailing group. Retrograde intramedullary nailing can be used as an effective treatment of aseptic AO-33C distal femoral nonunion following primary locking plating.</p>","PeriodicalId":7358,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Orthopedics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9184226/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42490089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Safety and Efficacy of Traction, Closed Reduction, and Subsequent Hip Fixation in Hilgenreiner Brace in Patients with Severe Forms of Hip Developmental Dysplasia","authors":"A. Gharaibeh, Rastislav Sepitka, Jan Pobeha, D. Schreierova, Martina Habinakova, G. Vaško, M. Lacko","doi":"10.1155/2022/8688770","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/8688770","url":null,"abstract":"Background Hilgenreiner brace (Hb) was developed to improve hip reduction rate and reduce the incidence of femoral head avascular necrosis (AVN). In children under the age of 18 months with unstable hip joints or a dislocated hip joint, the treatment method involves nonsurgical treatment in most cases. Objectives To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of traction, closed reduction, and hip fixation in Hb in patients with severe forms of hip developmental dysplasia (DDH) in follow-up. Materials and Methods Prospective, clinical, cohort observation and retrospective matched-pair analysis. Analysis of medical records was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of using Hb for treatment of dislocated hip joints in <18-month-old children. The investigated cases were of the dislocated hip joint since DDH was confirmed through clinical and imaging diagnosis and treated by the application of the close reduction method together with Hb, in a nonhuman position (hip joint in 90 degrees of flexion and 80 degrees of abduction). Analysis was carried out using the modified Berkeley's Mckay criteria and hip joint centralization, and evaluation was done using X-ray images according to the basic modified Severin classification system. Results The use of Hb applied after overhead traction to (mean 22.8 days, confidence level (95%)) 68 hip joints showed a significant improvement (92%) in the treated hips. In summary, only one brace replacement was performed due to swelling of the thigh and fixation pressure, three cases suffered from hip joint redislocation after removing the Hb (5%), and one patient had bilateral avascular necrosis (2.8%). Conclusions The use of Hb reduced avascular necrosis of the femur head, maintained higher hygiene conditions, and lowered both the risk of cast breakage and skin complications over the use of hip spica as compared to Hb. Hb is more cost-effective, and radiolucency is an additional advantage for this technique. Closed reduction and application of Hb after oral administration of a bolus dose of chlorpromazine chloride or phenobarbital resulted in complication avoidance of total anaesthesia.","PeriodicalId":7358,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Orthopedics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49342507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Crossover Sign in Pelvis Models Made with a Three-Dimensional Printer","authors":"A. Salimi, S. P. Mirghaderi, M. J. Gholamzadeh, Reihane Qahremani, A. Hadizadeh, Reza Shahriarirad, Hesan Jelodari Mamaghani, J. Dehghani, Maryam Salimi","doi":"10.1155/2022/4665342","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/4665342","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction Investigation of the crossover sign (COS) in different degrees of tilt in pelvises made by three-dimensional printing of CT scans among patients with normal hip versions was carried out. Methods Radiology CT scans of 8 normal pelvises reconstructed in 3D and the effect of sequential tilting on the presence of the false-positive COS in 48 radiographs were investigated. Results The COS was seen in 77% of the AP radiographs during tilt changes. The average distance between the tip of the coccyx and the symphysis pubis was 32.06 ± 10.99 mm. Also, COSs were present in all radiographs from 6 degrees tilt and above. Conclusion Minor tilting of the pelvis can result in a false-positive crossover sign on AP plain radiographs.","PeriodicalId":7358,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Orthopedics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44971522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Platelet-Rich Plasma and Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Association with Arthroscopic Microfracture of Knee Articular Cartilage Defects: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial","authors":"M. Venosa, Francesco Calafiore, M. Mazzoleni, E. Romanini, S. Cerciello, V. Calvisi","doi":"10.1155/2022/6048477","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/6048477","url":null,"abstract":"Background This study aims to compare the effects of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) alone or in combination with adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AD-MSCs) in patients affected by cartilage defects, undergoing knee arthroscopic microfracture. Methods Thirty-eight patients diagnosed with a knee monocompartmental cartilage defect (Outerbridge grade IV) on the MRI, underwent an arthroscopic procedure. After the confirmation of the lesion, they all received the same bone marrow stimulation technique (microfracture) and were randomized into two groups: the first one had additional PRP injection (group A), while the second received PRP and AD-MSC injection (group B). Knee assessment and pain score were documented with Knee Injury Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS), International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) score, Short-Form (SF) 12, and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) before the treatment and at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months of follow-up postoperatively. An additional arthroscopic procedure, performed in four patients for a subsequent meniscal lesion, let us evaluate cartilage evolution by performing a macro/microscopical assessment on cartilage biopsy specimens. Results At the 12-month follow-up, both groups showed a comparable functional improvement. The scores on the IKDC form, KOOS, pain VAS, and SF-12 significantly improved from baseline (p < 0.05) to 12 months postoperatively in both treatment groups. The four second-look arthroscopies showed a complete repair of the articular defects by smooth solid cartilage layer, with a good chondrocytic population, in both groups. A thick smooth hyaline-like cartilage with a predominantly viable cell population and normal mineralization (a form closely resembling native tissue) was observed in group B. Conclusions Modern regenerative medicine techniques, such as PRP and AD-MSC, associated with traditional arthroscopic bone marrow stimulating techniques, seem to enhance cartilage restoration ability. The preliminary results of this pilot study encourage the synergic use of these regenerative modulating systems to improve the quality of the regenerated cartilage.","PeriodicalId":7358,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Orthopedics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48554122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recent Biomimetic Approaches for Articular Cartilage Tissue Engineering and Their Clinical Applications: Narrative Review of the Literature","authors":"Hamza Abu Owida","doi":"10.1155/2022/8670174","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/8670174","url":null,"abstract":"Since articular cartilage is lacking blood vessels and nerves, its capacity to heal is extremely limited. This means that ruptured cartilage affects the joint as a whole. A health issue known as osteoarthritis can develop as a result of injury and deterioration. Osteoarthritis development can be speeded up by the widespread deterioration of articular cartilage, which ranks third on the list of musculoskeletal disorders requiring rehabilitation, behind only low back pain and broken bones. The current treatments for cartilage repair are ineffective and rarely restore full function or tissue normalcy. A promising new technology in tissue engineering may help create functional cartilage tissue substitutes. Ensuring that the cell source is loaded with bioactive molecules that promote cellular differentiation and/or maturation is the general approach. This review summarizes recent advances in cartilage tissue engineering, and recent clinical trials have been conducted to provide a comprehensive overview of the most recent research developments and clinical applications in the framework of degenerated articular cartilage and osteoarthritis.","PeriodicalId":7358,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Orthopedics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41345665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Outcomes and Predictors of Patients with Fracture in Debre Markos Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, North West Ethiopia: A Prospective Cohort Study","authors":"Beminet Yimenu, Belayneh Mengist","doi":"10.1155/2022/3747698","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/3747698","url":null,"abstract":"Background Fracture continues to be a major public health concern in many parts of the developing world that results in several consequences and complications including lifelong morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to assess clinical outcomes of patients following fracture in Debre Markos Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, North West Ethiopia. Methods An institution-based prospective cohort study was conducted from November 2020 to July 2021 among 207 fracture patients (69 visited traditional bone setter and 138 did not visit traditional bone setter). Data were collected through face-to-face interviews, physical examinations, and radiological investigations. Data were entered using Epi-Data version 3.1 and analysis was done using STATA 14 statistical software. Descriptive statistics were summarized using mean, median, standard deviation, and percentage and presented in tables and figures. The generalized linear model was fitted to identify the risks of the outcome variable. Risk Ratio with its 95% confidence interval was used and factors with a P-value less than 0.05 were considered as a statistically significant association. Result The mean age of the participants was 37.5 ± 13.6 years and two-thirds of the participants were males. Nearly half of the patients 92 (44%), 50 (54%) from the exposed and 42 (46%) from the nonexposed group, were delayed getting treatment from the hospital. The majority of the patients had been treated with Plaster of Paris immobilization (55%) followed by fixation (15%) and a combination of both (12%). Nearly half of the participants (48%), 74% from the exposed and 35% from the nonexposed group, developed complications during the follow-up period. The commonest complication was joint stiffness (45%) followed by osteoarthritis (21%). The risk of fracture-related complications among patients who did not visit traditional bone setter was decreased by 54% as compared to visitors (RR 0.46; 95% CI: (0.35, 0.60)) Conclusion The magnitude of complications following the fracture is found to be high and the risk of complications among patients who visited traditional bone setters increased significantly. Therefore, prevention measures should be strengthened and integration between hospitals and traditional bone setters should be made so that basic training on fractures management will be given.","PeriodicalId":7358,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Orthopedics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49334265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome in Young Female Athletes: A Case-Control Study","authors":"V. Pavone, A. Vescio, Flora Maria Chiara Panvini, Ludovico Lucenti, Alessia Caldaci, M. Sapienza, F. Canavese, G. Testa","doi":"10.1155/2022/1907975","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/1907975","url":null,"abstract":"Background Patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS) is the most common cause of anterior knee pain in children and adolescents, and it is characterized by highly limiting, recurrent, frontal pain. Objectives The purpose of the study is to assess the incidence and onset of PFPS in the young female athletes and to compare it to healthy individuals. Methods Between 2017 and 2019, 51 subjects were reviewed and divided in three groups: rhythmic gymnastics athletes (RG; 21 individuals, mean age: 13.8 ± 3.6 years), basketball athletes (BG; 17 individuals, mean age: 14.2 ± 3.1 years), and control group (CG; 13 individuals, mean age: 14.5 ± 4.3 years). All patients underwent physical examination including patellar glide, tilt, grind and apprehension tests, tiptoe and jack tests, Coleman block, and navicular drop tests. The clinical and functional outcomes of the subjects were assessed using the Kujala patellofemoral score (KPS). Results In RG patients were recorded 66.7% of normal footprint (NF), 9.5% of cavus feet (FCF), and 23.8% of flatfeet (FFF); 14.8% patellar positive tests, KS = 98.6 ± 13.7. BG patients had 70.6% of NF, 11.8% FCF, and 17.6% of FFF; 23.5% patellar positive tests, KS = 98.3 ± 12.4. CG patients had 61.5% of NF, 7.7% of FCF and 30.8% of FFF; 15.4% patellar positive tests, KPS = 98,9 ± 15.3. No statistically significance was found between the three cohorts of patients. Conclusions PFPS is a common pathology; muscular imbalance and overuse could exacerbate pain and discomfort in young female athletes. Our findings show high type and level of sport activity are not related to increase frequency of clinical symptoms related to PFPS.","PeriodicalId":7358,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Orthopedics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42494331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}