JMIRx med最新文献

{"title":"Medical Expectations of Physicians on AI Solutions in Daily Practice: Cross-Sectional Survey Study.","authors":"Mara Giavina-Bianchi, Edson Amaro, Birajara Soares Machado","doi":"10.2196/50803","DOIUrl":"10.2196/50803","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The use of artificial intelligence (AI) in medicine has been a trending subject in the past few years. Although not frequently used in daily practice yet, it brings along many expectations, doubts, and fears for physicians. Surveys can be used to help understand this situation.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to explore the degree of knowledge, expectations, and fears on possible AI use by physicians in daily practice, according to sex and time since graduation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An electronic survey was sent to physicians of a large hospital in Brazil, from August to September 2022.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 164 physicians responded to our survey. Overall, 54.3% (89/164) of physicians considered themselves to have an intermediate knowledge of AI, and 78.5% (128/163) believed that AI should be regulated by a governmental agency. If AI solutions were reliable, fast, and available, 77.9% (127/163) intended to frequently or always use AI for diagnosis (143/164, 87.2%), management (140/164, 85.4%), or exams interpretation (150/164, 91.5%), but their approvals for AI when used by other health professionals (85/163, 52.1%) or directly by patients (82/162, 50.6%) were not as high. The main benefit would be increasing the speed for diagnosis and management (106/163, 61.3%), and the worst issue would be to over rely on AI and lose medical skills (118/163, 72.4%). Physicians believed that AI would be useful (106/163, 65%), facilitate their work (140/153, 91.5%), not alter the number of appointments (80/162, 49.4%), not interfere in their financial gain (94/162, 58%), and not replace their jobs but be an additional source of information (104/162, 64.2%). In case of disagreement between AI and physicians, most (108/159, 67.9%) answered that a third opinion should be requested. Physicians with ≤10 years since graduation would adopt AI solutions more frequently than those with >20 years since graduation (P=.04), and female physicians were more receptive to other hospital staff using AI than male physicians (P=.008).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Physicians were shown to have good expectations regarding the use of AI in medicine when they apply it themselves, but not when used by others. They also intend to use it, as long as it was approved by a regulatory agency. Although there was hope for a beneficial impact of AI on health care, it also brings specific concerns.</p>","PeriodicalId":73558,"journal":{"name":"JMIRx med","volume":"5 ","pages":"e50803"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11080601/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140295529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Authors' Response to Peer Reviews of \"Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Latino Families With Alzheimer Disease and Related Dementias: Qualitative Interviews With Family Caregivers and Primary Care Providers\".","authors":"Jaime Perales-Puchalt, Jill Peltzer, Monica Fracachan-Cabrera, G Adriana Perez, Mariana Ramírez, K Allen Greiner, Jeffrey Murray Burns","doi":"10.2196/56439","DOIUrl":"10.2196/56439","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73558,"journal":{"name":"JMIRx med","volume":"5 ","pages":"e56439"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11004510/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140178017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Latino Families With Alzheimer Disease and Related Dementias: Qualitative Interviews With Family Caregivers and Primary Care Providers.","authors":"Jaime Perales-Puchalt, Jill Peltzer, Monica Fracachan-Cabrera, G Adriana Perez, Mariana Ramírez, K Allen Greiner, Jeffrey Murray Burns","doi":"10.2196/42211","DOIUrl":"10.2196/42211","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Latino individuals experience disparities in the care of Alzheimer disease and related dementias (ADRD) and have disproportionately high COVID-19 infection and death outcomes.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>We aimed to gain an in-depth understanding of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic among Latino families with ADRD in the United States.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a qualitative study of 21 informal caregivers of Latino individuals with ADRD and 23 primary care providers who serve Latino patients. We recruited participants nationwide using convenience and snowball sampling methods and conducted remote interviews in English and Spanish. We organized the transcripts for qualitative review to identify codes and themes, using a pragmatic approach, a qualitative description methodology, and thematic analysis methods.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Qualitative analysis of transcripts revealed eight themes, including (1) the pandemic influenced mental and emotional health; (2) the pandemic impacted physical domains of health; (3) caregivers and care recipients lost access to engaging activities during the confinement; (4) the pandemic impacted Latino caregivers' working situation; (5) the pandemic impacted health care and community care systems; (6) health care and community care systems took measures to reduce the impact of the pandemic; (7) Latino families experienced barriers to remote communication during the pandemic; and (8) caregiver social support was critical for reducing social isolation and its sequalae.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Latino families with ADRD experienced similar but also unique impacts compared to those reported in the general population. Unique impacts may result from Latino individuals' underserved status in the United States, commonly held cultural values, and their intersectionality with ADRD-related disability. Family caregiver social support was crucial during this time of adversity. These findings suggest the need for more equitable access, culturally appropriate and trustworthy content and delivery of health care and community services, as well as stronger financial and social supports for family caregivers.</p>","PeriodicalId":73558,"journal":{"name":"JMIRx med","volume":"5 ","pages":"e42211"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11004515/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140133386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Peer Review of “Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Latino Families With Alzheimer Disease and Related Dementias: Qualitative Interviews With Family Caregivers and Primary Care Providers”","authors":"Anna Marin","doi":"10.2196/56443","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2196/56443","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73558,"journal":{"name":"JMIRx med","volume":"43 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140257615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Raw, Unadulterated African Honey for Ulcer Healing in Leprosy: Protocol for the Honey Experiment on Leprosy Ulcer (HELP) Randomized Controlled Trial.","authors":"Sunday Udo, Pius Ogbu Sunday, Paul Alumbugu Tsaku, Israel Olaoluwa Oladejo, Anthony Meka, Linda Chinonso Ugwu, Motunrayo Ajisola, Joshua Akinyemi, Abiola Oladejo, Akinyinka Omigbodun, Sopna Mannan Choudhury, Jo Sartori, Onaedo Ilozumba, Sam Watson, Richard Lilford","doi":"10.2196/50970","DOIUrl":"10.2196/50970","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Leprosy leads to nerve damage and slow-healing ulcers, which are treatable with routine therapy. There has been a recent resurgence of interest in the use of honey for the treatment of different kinds of wounds.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of this study, Honey Experiment on Leprosy Ulcer (HELP), is to evaluate the healing properties of raw, unadulterated African honey in comparison with normal saline dressing for the treatment leprosy ulcers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a multicenter, comparative, prospective, single-blinded, parallel-group, and 1:1 individually randomized controlled trial to be conducted at The Leprosy Referral Hospital, Chanchaga in Minna, Niger State, North Central Nigeria, and St. Benedict Tuberculosis and Leprosy Rehabilitation Hospital in Ogoja, Cross River State, South-South Nigeria. Raw, unadulterated honey will be used in the ulcer dressing of eligible, consenting participants in the intervention group, whereas those in the control group will be treated by dressing with normal saline. The main outcomes will be the proportion of complete healing and the rate of healing up to 84 days after randomization. Follow-up will be conducted 6 months after randomization. We aim to enroll 90-130 participants into the study. Blinded observers will examine photographs of ulcers to determine the outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The recruitment of trial participants began on March 14, 2022, and has been continuing for approximately 24 months.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study will provide an unbiased estimate of the effect of honey on the healing of neuropathic ulcers.</p>","PeriodicalId":73558,"journal":{"name":"JMIRx med","volume":"5 ","pages":"e50970"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11024902/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140133387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Authors’ Response to Peer Reviews of “Raw, Unadulterated African Honey for Ulcer Healing in Leprosy: Protocol for the Honey Experiment on Leprosy Ulcer (HELP) Randomized Controlled Trial”","authors":"S. Udo, Pius Ogbu Sunday, P. Tsaku, Israel Olaoluwa Oladejo, Anthony Meka, Linda Chinonso Ugwu, M. Ajisola, Joshua Akinyemi, A. Oladejo, Akinyinka Omigbodun, S. Choudhury, J. Sartori, Onaedo Ilozumba, Samuel I Watson, R. Lilford","doi":"10.2196/56442","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2196/56442","url":null,"abstract":"Unadulterated African","PeriodicalId":73558,"journal":{"name":"JMIRx med","volume":"912 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140273173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Peer Review of “Raw, Unadulterated African Honey for Ulcer Healing in Leprosy: Protocol for the Honey Experiment on Leprosy Ulcer (HELP) Randomized Controlled Trial”","authors":"JMIRx Med Anonymous","doi":"10.2196/56498","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2196/56498","url":null,"abstract":"This is the peer-review report for “Raw, Unadulterated African Honey for Ulcer Healing in Leprosy: Protocol for the Honey Experiment on Leprosy Ulcer (HELP) Randomized Controlled Trial.”","PeriodicalId":73558,"journal":{"name":"JMIRx med","volume":"2 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140268957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Peer Review of \"Raw, Unadulterated African Honey for Ulcer Healing in Leprosy: Protocol for the Honey Experiment on Leprosy Ulcer (HELP) Randomized Controlled Trial\".","authors":"","doi":"10.2196/57310","DOIUrl":"10.2196/57310","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73558,"journal":{"name":"JMIRx med","volume":"5 ","pages":"e57310"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10986331/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140337907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"COVID-19 National Football League (NFL) Injury Analysis: Follow-Up Study.","authors":"Troy B Puga, Joshua Schafer, Grace Thiel, Nicholas Scigliano, Tiffany Ruan, Andres Toledo, Prince N Agbedanu, Kevin Treffer","doi":"10.2196/45688","DOIUrl":"10.2196/45688","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In 2020, COVID-19 spread across the world and brought normal daily life to a halt, causing the shutdown of nearly everything in order to prevent its spread. The National Football League (NFL) similarly experienced shutdowns and the resulting effects, leaving athletes unable to train in some of the most advanced facilities with many of the best trainers in the world. A previous study, titled COVID-19 Return to Sport: NFL Injury Prevalence Analysis, determined that there was increased injury prevalence during the 2020 season, likely due to decreased physiological adaptations within athletes' bodies as a result of facility shutdowns. Understanding injury epidemiology is vital to the prevention of injuries and the development of return-to-play protocols.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The objective of this study is to perform a follow-up study to COVID-19 Return to Sport: NFL Injury Prevalence Analysis in order to examine the longitudinal effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on injury epidemiology. This study examines if there was a recovery to baseline levels of injuries or if there are still lingering effects from the COVID-19 pandemic-induced spike in injuries.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>To determine if there was change in the number of injuries for each season, injury tallies collected from the 17-week-long 2018, 2019, and 2020 NFL regular seasons were compared with those from the 18-week-long 2021 and 2022 NFL regular seasons. A Kruskall-Wallis test with post hoc Dunn analysis was conducted to compare the rate of injuries per team per week between each of the 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022 regular seasons.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The Kruskall-Wallis test revealed an H statistic of 32.61 (P<.001) for the comparison of the injury rates across the 5 seasons. The post hoc Dunn analysis showed that 2020 had a statistically significant difference when compared with each of the 2018 (P<.001), 2019 (P=.04), 2021 (P=.02), and 2022 (P=.048) seasons. The 2019 season showed no statistical significance when compared with the 2021 (P=.23) and 2022 (P=.13) seasons.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The results of this follow-up study, combined with the previous study, show that extended training interruptions stemming from COVID-19 in 2020 induced detraining and led to increased injuries. Additionally, the results of this study show that retraining can occur, resulting in the development of injury protective factors, as injury rates returned to baseline levels after 2020. This is the first large-scale and long-term opportunity to demonstrate the effects of these principles and how they are important to understanding injury epidemiology.</p>","PeriodicalId":73558,"journal":{"name":"JMIRx med","volume":"5 ","pages":"e45688"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10985286/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140095296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predicting Waist Circumference From a Single Computed Tomography Image Using a Mobile App (Measure It): Development and Evaluation Study.","authors":"Abderrahmen Masmoudi, Amine Zouari, Ahmed Bouzid, Kais Fourati, Soulaimen Baklouti, Mohamed Ben Amar, Salah Boujelben","doi":"10.2196/38852","DOIUrl":"10.2196/38852","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Despite the existing evidence that waist circumference (WC) provides independent and additive information to BMI when predicting morbidity and mortality, this measurement is not routinely obtained in clinical practice. Using computed tomography (CT) scan images, mobile health (mHealth) has the potential to make this abdominal obesity parameter easily available even in retrospective studies.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to develop a mobile app as a tool for facilitating the measurement of WC based on a cross-sectional CT image.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The development process included three stages: determination of the principles of WC measurement from CT images, app prototype design, and validation. We performed a preliminary validity study in which we compared WC measurements obtained both by the conventional method using a tape measurement in a standing position and by the mobile app using the last abdominal CT slice not showing the iliac bone. Pearson correlation, student t tests, and Q-Q and Bland-Altman plots were used for statistical analysis. Moreover, to perform a diagnostic test evaluation, we also analyzed the accuracy of the app in detecting abdominal obesity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We developed a prototype of the app Measure It, which is capable of estimating WC from a single cross-sectional CT image. We used an estimation based on an ellipse formula adjusted to the gender of the patient. The validity study included 20 patients (10 men and 10 women). There was a good correlation between both measurements (Pearson R=0.906). The student t test showed no significant differences between the two measurements (P=.98). Both the Q-Q dispersion plot and Bland-Altman analysis graphs showed good overlap with some dispersion of extreme values. The diagnostic test evaluation showed an accuracy of 83% when using the mobile app to detect abdominal obesity.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This app is a simple and accessible mHealth tool to routinely measure WC as a valuable obesity indicator in clinical and research practice. A usability and validity evaluation among medical teams will be the next step before its use in clinical trials and multicentric studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":73558,"journal":{"name":"JMIRx med","volume":"4 ","pages":"e38852"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10958995/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139486678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}