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Broadband Enhancement of Optical Frequency Comb Using Cascaded Four-Wave Mixing in Photonic Crystal Fiber 光子晶体光纤中级联四波混频光频梳的宽带增强
Advances in Optoelectronics Pub Date : 2017-07-12 DOI: 10.1155/2017/1365072
T. Eltaif
{"title":"Broadband Enhancement of Optical Frequency Comb Using Cascaded Four-Wave Mixing in Photonic Crystal Fiber","authors":"T. Eltaif","doi":"10.1155/2017/1365072","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/1365072","url":null,"abstract":"A cascaded intensity modulator (IM) and phase modulator (PM) are used to modulate a continuous-wave (CW) laser and generate an optical frequency comb (OFC). Thus, the generated comb is utilized as an initial seed and combined with another CW-laser to generate four-wave mixing (FWM) in photonic crystal fiber (PCF). Results show that an initial flat 30 GHz OFC of 29, 55 lines within power fluctuation of 0.8 dB and 2 dB, respectively, can be achieved by setting the ratio of the DC bias to amplitude of sinusoidal signal at 0.1 and setting the modulation indices of both IM and PM at 10. Moreover, the 1st order of FWM created through 14 m of PCF has over 68 and 94 lines with fluctuation of 0.8 dB and 2 dB, respectively. Hence, the generated wavelengths of 1st left and right order of FWM can be tuned in a range from ~1500 nm to ~1525 nm and ~1590 nm to ~1604 nm, respectively.","PeriodicalId":7352,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Optoelectronics","volume":" ","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2017/1365072","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43539156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Propagation in Diagonal Anisotropic Chirowaveguides 斜向各向异性光波导中的传输
Advances in Optoelectronics Pub Date : 2017-03-08 DOI: 10.1155/2017/9524046
Samia Aib, F. Benabdelaziz, C. Zebiri, D. Sayad
{"title":"Propagation in Diagonal Anisotropic Chirowaveguides","authors":"Samia Aib, F. Benabdelaziz, C. Zebiri, D. Sayad","doi":"10.1155/2017/9524046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/9524046","url":null,"abstract":"A theoretical study of electromagnetic wave propagation in parallel plate chirowaveguide is presented. The waveguide is filled with a chiral material having diagonal anisotropic constitutive parameters. The propagation characterization in this medium is based on algebraic formulation of Maxwell’s equations combined with the constitutive relations. Three propagation regions are identified: the fast-fast-wave region, the fast-slow-wave region, and the slow-slow-wave region. This paper focuses completely on the propagation in the first region, where the dispersion modal equations are obtained and solved. The cut-off frequencies calculation leads to three cases of the plane wave propagation in anisotropic chiral medium. The particularity of these results is the possibility of controlling the appropriate cut-off frequencies by choosing the adequate physical parameters values. The specificity of this study lies in the bifurcation modes confirmation and the possible contribution to the design of optical devices such as high-pass filters, as well as positive and negative propagation constants. This negative constant is an important feature of metamaterials which shows the phenomena of backward waves. Original results of the biaxial anisotropic chiral metamaterial are obtained and discussed.","PeriodicalId":7352,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Optoelectronics","volume":"2017 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2017/9524046","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47811937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 7
Temperature Dependence Study of Mesa-Type InGaAs/InAlAs Avalanche Photodiode Characteristics 台面型InGaAs/InAlAs雪崩光电二极管特性的温度依赖性研究
Advances in Optoelectronics Pub Date : 2017-01-12 DOI: 10.1155/2017/2084621
J. Huang, Hsiang-Szu Chang, Y. Jan, C. Ni, H. Chen, Emin Chou
{"title":"Temperature Dependence Study of Mesa-Type InGaAs/InAlAs Avalanche Photodiode Characteristics","authors":"J. Huang, Hsiang-Szu Chang, Y. Jan, C. Ni, H. Chen, Emin Chou","doi":"10.1155/2017/2084621","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/2084621","url":null,"abstract":"Avalanche photodiodes (APDs) are key optical receivers due to their performance advantages of high speed, high sensitivity, and low noise. The most critical device parameters of APD include the avalanche breakdown voltage and dark current. In this work, we study the temperature dependence of the breakdown voltage and dark current of the mesa-type APD over a wide temperature range of 20–145°C. We institute an empirical model based on impact ionization processes to account for the experimental data. It is shown that highly stable breakdown characteristics of mesa-type APD can be attained with the optimization of the multiplication layer design. We have achieved excellent stability of avalanche breakdown voltage with a temperature coefficient of 0.017 V/°C. The temperature dependence of dark current is attributed to generation-recombination mechanism. The bandgap energy is estimated to be about 0.71 eV based on the temperature variation of dark current, in good agreement with the value for InGaAs.","PeriodicalId":7352,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Optoelectronics","volume":"2017 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2017/2084621","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43271881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 16
Cavity Formation Modeling of Fiber Fuse in Single-Mode Optical Fibers 单模光纤中光纤熔断器的空腔形成模型
Advances in Optoelectronics Pub Date : 2017-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2017/5728186
Y. Shuto
{"title":"Cavity Formation Modeling of Fiber Fuse in Single-Mode Optical Fibers","authors":"Y. Shuto","doi":"10.1155/2017/5728186","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/5728186","url":null,"abstract":"The evolution of a fiber-fuse phenomenon in a single-mode optical fiber was studied theoretically. To clarify both the silica-glass densification and cavity formation, which have been observed in fiber fuse propagation, we investigated a nonlinear oscillation model using the Van Der Pol equation. This model was able to phenomenologically explain both the densification of the core material and the formation of periodic cavities in the core layer as a result of a relaxation oscillation.","PeriodicalId":7352,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Optoelectronics","volume":"2017 1","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2017/5728186","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64688813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
DWT versus WP Based Optical Color Image Encryption Robust to Composite Attacks 基于DWT和WP的光学彩色图像加密对复合攻击的鲁棒性研究
Advances in Optoelectronics Pub Date : 2017-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2017/9802751
M. Mohamed, A. Samrah, M. I. F. Allah
{"title":"DWT versus WP Based Optical Color Image Encryption Robust to Composite Attacks","authors":"M. Mohamed, A. Samrah, M. I. F. Allah","doi":"10.1155/2017/9802751","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/9802751","url":null,"abstract":"Intensive studies have been done to get robust encryption algorithms. Due to the importance of image information, optical encryption has played a vital role in information security. Many optical encryption schemes have been proposed but most of them suffer from poor robustness. In this paper six proposed algorithms will be presented for optical encryption to be robust to severe attacks: composite attack. Three of these approaches are based on one level Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) and the others are based on Wavelet Packet (WP). Not only will new techniques be presented but also a new proposed chaotic map has been developed as random keys for all algorithms. After extensive comparative study with some traditional techniques, it has been found that the novel algorithms have achieved better performance versus conventional ones. Also it has been found that WP based algorithms have achieved better performance than DWT based ones against severe composite attacks.","PeriodicalId":7352,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Optoelectronics","volume":"2017 1","pages":"1-15"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2017/9802751","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64727483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
Coupling Characteristics of Fused Optical Fiber Coupler Formed with Single-Mode Fiber and Photonic Crystal Fiber Having Air Hole Collapsed Taper 单模光纤与具有气孔塌锥的光子晶体光纤组成的熔接光纤耦合器的耦合特性
Advances in Optoelectronics Pub Date : 2016-11-24 DOI: 10.1155/2016/6219895
H. Yokota, H. Yashima, Y. Imai, Y. Sasaki
{"title":"Coupling Characteristics of Fused Optical Fiber Coupler Formed with Single-Mode Fiber and Photonic Crystal Fiber Having Air Hole Collapsed Taper","authors":"H. Yokota, H. Yashima, Y. Imai, Y. Sasaki","doi":"10.1155/2016/6219895","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/6219895","url":null,"abstract":"Fused coupler forming with a single-mode fiber (SMF) and a photonic crystal fiber (PCF) is one of the solutions for optical coupling from a light source to a PCF. In this paper, we presented coupling characteristics of a fused fiber coupler formed with an ordinary SMF and a PCF having air hole collapsed taper. A prototype of SMF-PCF coupler with air hole collapsed taper was fabricated using CO2 laser irradiation. The coupling efficiency from SMF to PCF was −6.2 dB at 1554 nm wavelength in the fabricated coupler. The structure of the SMF-PCF coupler to obtain high coupling efficiency was theoretically clarified by beam propagation analysis using an equivalent model of the coupler with simplification. It was clarified that appropriately choosing the prestretched or etched SMF diameter and the length of air hole collapsed region was effective to obtain high coupling efficiency that was a result of high extinction ratio at cross port and low excess loss. We also demonstrated that the diameter of prestretched SMF to obtain high coupling efficiency was insensitive to the air hole diameter ratio to pitch of the PCF in the air hole collapsed SMF-PCF coupler.","PeriodicalId":7352,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Optoelectronics","volume":"47 8 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2016/6219895","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64467472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Characteristics of Highly Birefringent Photonic Crystal Fiber with Defected Core and Equilateral Pentagon Architecture 具有缺陷芯和等边五边形结构的高双折射光子晶体光纤的特性
Advances in Optoelectronics Pub Date : 2016-08-29 DOI: 10.1155/2016/5301372
F. Yu, Zhenpeng Wang, W. Yang, Chongyang Lv
{"title":"Characteristics of Highly Birefringent Photonic Crystal Fiber with Defected Core and Equilateral Pentagon Architecture","authors":"F. Yu, Zhenpeng Wang, W. Yang, Chongyang Lv","doi":"10.1155/2016/5301372","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/5301372","url":null,"abstract":"A novel high birefringence and nearly zero dispersion-flattened photonic crystal fiber (PCF) with elliptical defected core (E-DC) and equilateral pentagonal architecture is designed. By applying the full-vector finite element method (FEM), the characteristics of electric field distribution, birefringence, and chromatic dispersion of the proposed E-DC PCF are numerically investigated in detail. The simulation results reveal that the proposed PCF can realize high birefringence, ranging from 1 to 1 orders of magnitude, owing to the embedded elliptical air hole in the core center. However, the existence of the elliptical air hole gives rise to an extraordinary electric field distribution, where a V-shaped notch appears and the size of the V-shaped notch varies at different operating wavelengths. Also, the mode field diameter is estimated to be about 2 μm, which implies the small effective mode area and highly nonlinear coefficient. Furthermore, the investigation of the chromatic dispersion characteristic shows that the introduction of the elliptical air hole is helpful to control the chromatic dispersion to be negative or nearly zero flattened over a wide wavelength bandwidth.","PeriodicalId":7352,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Optoelectronics","volume":"2016 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2016/5301372","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64422219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 11
Polarization Sensitive Reflection and Dielectric Spectra in GaSe Thin Films GaSe薄膜的极化敏感反射和介电光谱
Advances in Optoelectronics Pub Date : 2016-07-31 DOI: 10.1155/2016/7182303
H. Khanfar, A. Qasrawi
{"title":"Polarization Sensitive Reflection and Dielectric Spectra in GaSe Thin Films","authors":"H. Khanfar, A. Qasrawi","doi":"10.1155/2016/7182303","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/7182303","url":null,"abstract":"The light polarization effects on the optical reflective and dielectric spectra of GaSe thin films are studied in the incident light wavelength range of 200–1100 nm. In this range of measurement, the angle of incidence () of light was varied between 30° and 80°. In addition, at of 30° the light polarizing angle () was altered in the range of 0–90°. Regardless of the value of , for all , the total reflectance sharply decreased with increasing . In addition, when is fixed at 30° and was varied, the amplitudes ratio of the polarized waves exhibits a resonance-antiresonance phenomenon at a wavelength that coincides with the film’s thickness (800 nm). This behavior was assigned to the coupled interference between incident and reflected waves and to the strong absorption effects. Two main resonance peaks are observed as response to -polarized and normal incident beam: one is at ~540 (556 nm) and the other at ~420 THz (714 nm). The dielectric constant of the GaSe films exhibits anisotropic characteristics that nominate it for use as multipurpose optoelectronic devices.","PeriodicalId":7352,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Optoelectronics","volume":"2016 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2016/7182303","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64509179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Study of a Linear Acoustooptic Laser Modulator Based on All-Fibre Sagnac Interferometer 基于全光纤Sagnac干涉仪的线性声光激光调制器研究
Advances in Optoelectronics Pub Date : 2016-07-25 DOI: 10.1155/2016/5606417
G. García, E. Flores, B. A. R. Solís, H. A. Coyotécatl
{"title":"Study of a Linear Acoustooptic Laser Modulator Based on All-Fibre Sagnac Interferometer","authors":"G. García, E. Flores, B. A. R. Solís, H. A. Coyotécatl","doi":"10.1155/2016/5606417","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/5606417","url":null,"abstract":"The feasibility of polarization-maintaining photonic crystal fibre (PM-PCF) strategy for acoustooptic modulation using all-fibre Sagnac interferometer is demonstrated. The principal constraint to apply the strategy is defined by a linear laser acoustooptic modulator (AOM) for 1550 nm. The intensity of incident acoustic waves over the PM-PCF loop segment affected the signal interference transmission; here, modulation by birefringence variation around was observed. It is discovered that, through mathematical analysis, two operation points in the spectrum, , operate in a linear region, and expressions for spectral gain and sensibility are also discovered. AOM has a bandwidth from 0.1 Hz to 20 kHz, and its dynamic range is from 0.0 to 43.5 dB.","PeriodicalId":7352,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Optoelectronics","volume":"2016 1","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2016/5606417","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64430190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Noise Gain Features of Fiber Raman Amplifier 光纤拉曼放大器的噪声增益特性
Advances in Optoelectronics Pub Date : 2016-07-12 DOI: 10.1155/2016/5843636
G. Felinskyi, M. Dyriv
{"title":"Noise Gain Features of Fiber Raman Amplifier","authors":"G. Felinskyi, M. Dyriv","doi":"10.1155/2016/5843636","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/5843636","url":null,"abstract":"The formation dynamics of the optical noise in a silica single mode fiber (SMF) as function of the pump power variation in the counter pumped fiber Raman amplifier (FRA) is experimentally studied. The ratio between the power of amplified spontaneous emission and the power of incoherent optical noise is quantitatively determined by detailed analysis of experimental data in the pump powers range of 100–300 mW within the full band of Stokes frequencies, including FRA working wavelengths over the C","PeriodicalId":7352,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Optoelectronics","volume":"2016 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2016/5843636","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64442527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 7
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