JAACAP open最新文献

{"title":"Parental Postpartum Depression and Children’s Socioemotional Development: The Role of Socioeconomic Inequality","authors":"Myriam Clément RN, PhD ,&nbsp;Massimiliano Orri PhD ,&nbsp;Marilyn N. Ahun PhD ,&nbsp;Pascale Domond PhD ,&nbsp;Gregory Moullec PhD ,&nbsp;Sylvana M. Côté PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.jaacop.2024.06.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaacop.2024.06.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Parental postpartum depression (PPD) is a documented risk factor for mental health problems in childhood, but little is known about its interplay with family socioeconomic status (SES). This study tested the interactive effect of SES in the associations of PPD with mental health symptoms in children from infancy to adolescence.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>Data used for this study were from the Quebec Longitudinal Study of Child Development. Data included self-reported maternal and paternal depressive symptoms at 5 months postpartum, using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale. Parents, teachers, and children/adolescents reported internalizing/externalizing symptoms in children/adolescents using the Social Behavior Questionnaire (ages 3.5-13 years) and the Mental Health and Social Inadaptation Assessment for Adolescents (ages 15-17 years). Mothers reported SES at baseline. Cross-classified 3-level mixed effects modeling was used to test associations.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>After excluding 168 single-parent families, the sample consisted of 1,899 families with usable data. Of these, 314 (16.5%) families reported maternal PPD, and 151 (8.0%) reported paternal PPD. Family SES moderated the association between PPD in both parents and mental health symptoms in children. In low SES families, paternal PDD (β = .27, 95% CI 0.10-0.45, <em>p</em> = .003) and maternal PPD (β = .38, 95% CI 0.25-0.50, <em>p</em> &lt; .001) were associated with greater child mental health problems in children, whereas this was the case only for maternal PPD in average or high SES families (β = 0.20, 95% CI 0.10-0.29, <em>p</em> &lt; .001).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>PPD in both parents increases the risk of mental health problems in children, with a greater effect in low SES families.</div></div><div><h3>Plain language summary</h3><div>This study explored how parental postpartum depression (PPD) and family socioeconomic status (SES) are associated with children's mental health from infancy to adolescence. Using data drawn from the Québec Longitudinal Study of Child Development, the study found that in families with low SES, both maternal and paternal PPD were linked to more significant mental health issues in children. In contrast, in families with average or high SES, only maternal PPD was associated with children's mental health problems. Given the interactions between SES and PPD in pediatric mental health, the authors propose that interventions supporting parents in low SES families might be most helpful in promoting children's mental health and reducing socioeconomic inequalities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73525,"journal":{"name":"JAACAP open","volume":"3 3","pages":"Pages 663-677"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144912359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Describing Multidomain Health Outcomes in Autistic Children in the ECHO Program","authors":"Elizabeth A. Kaplan-Kahn PhD ,&nbsp;Juliette Rando MPH ,&nbsp;Jennifer L. Ames PhD ,&nbsp;Traci A. Bekelman PhD, MPH ,&nbsp;Carlos A. Camargo Jr. MD, DrPH ,&nbsp;Lisa A. Croen PhD ,&nbsp;Stephen R. Dager MD ,&nbsp;Aisha S. Dickerson PhD, MSPH ,&nbsp;Anne L. Dunlop MD, MPH ,&nbsp;Amy J. Elliott PhD ,&nbsp;Angelo P. Giardino MD, MPH, PhD ,&nbsp;Heather Cody Hazlett PhD ,&nbsp;Irva Hertz-Picciotto MPH, PhD ,&nbsp;Deborah Hirtz MD ,&nbsp;Robert M. Joseph PhD ,&nbsp;Rebecca J. Landa PhD, CCC-SLP ,&nbsp;Cindy T. McEvoy MD ,&nbsp;Daniel S. Messinger PhD ,&nbsp;Daphne Koinis-Mitchell PhD ,&nbsp;Jenae M. Neiderhiser PhD ,&nbsp;Kristen Lyall ScD","doi":"10.1016/j.jaacop.2024.05.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaacop.2024.05.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The goal of this study is to characterize health outcomes across 3 domains—overall well-being, behavioral health, and physical health—in a large sample of autistic and non-autistic children and adolescents in the Environmental influences on Child Health Outcomes (ECHO) program.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>First, we examined differences in health outcomes between autistic (N = 286) and non-autistic (N = 4,225) children and adolescents in the ECHO Program. Using a subsample of 1,809 participants (116 autistic participants) with complete outcome data, we conducted latent profile analyses (LPAs) to define profiles of health outcomes for autistic children and adolescents and for the combined sample of autistic and non-autistic participants. Finally, we examined demographic factors in relation to the health outcome profiles.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Autistic participants demonstrated poorer health outcomes than non-autistic participants for most outcome measures across the domains of overall well-being, behavioral health, and physical health. In the combined sample LPA, 3 profiles, representing more positive health (n = 566, 31.3%), poorer health (n = 462, 25.5%), and mixed health (n = 781, 43.2%), were identified. The profile with the poorer health outcomes had the highest proportion of autistic participants (n = 64, 13.9%). However, within the autistic group, LPA revealed 2 profiles of autistic participants, with 1 profile (n = 70, 60.3%) having more positive health outcomes across all domains.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Although autistic participants demonstrated poorer health outcomes than non-autistic participants on most measures, examining latent profiles within the group of autistic participants highlighted variability in the health outcomes among autistic youth. Results emphasize the importance of examining variability within autistic samples to better understand multidimensional health influences and outcomes of individuals on the autism spectrum.</div></div><div><h3>Plain language summary</h3><div>This study compared health outcomes in a large sample of autistic and non-autistic children and adolescents within the Environmental influences on Child Health Outcomes (ECHO) program. While autistic participants demonstrated poorer health outcomes than non-autistic participants on most measures, examining profiles within the group of autistic participants highlighted variability in the health outcomes among autistic youth. Results emphasize the importance of examining variability within autistic samples to better understand multidimensional health influences and outcomes of individuals with autism spectrum disorder.</div></div><div><h3>Diversity &amp; Inclusion Statement</h3><div>One or more of the authors of this paper self-identifies as a member of one or more historically underrepresented sexual and/or gender groups in science.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73525,"journal":{"name":"JAACAP open","volume":"3 3","pages":"Pages 618-633"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144913179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characteristics of Youth Crisis App Users: Mental Health Service Access and Barriers and Perceptions of Helpfulness","authors":"Mindy Westlund Schreiner PhD ,&nbsp;Brian W. Farstead BS ,&nbsp;Myah Pazdera MS ,&nbsp;Amanda V. Bakian PhD ,&nbsp;Brent M. Kious MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Karen Manotas MD ,&nbsp;Sheila E. Crowell PhD ,&nbsp;Erin A. Kaufman PhD ,&nbsp;Scott A. Langenecker PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.jaacop.2024.06.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaacop.2024.06.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>By developing a more nuanced understanding of youth using crisis line services, greater strides can be made in addressing their mental health needs. SafeUT is an app-based mental health crisis service that is offered to nearly all youth living in Utah and provides 24/7 access to licensed clinicians by phone or text. This study characterized youth using a statewide mental health crisis service and identified barriers to care.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>SafeUT users were offered the opportunity to complete a survey regarding demographics, their experiences with mental health services, and self-injurious thoughts and behaviors.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 210 youths completed at least part of the survey. More than half of the sample identified as LGBTQ+ (lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, and others). Less than half of the sample had received mental health services. Not wanting to talk to a parent/guardian was the most frequently endorsed barrier. In the 2 weeks preceding the survey, 50% of youth engaged in self-injurious behaviors (18% suicide attempts). Following their SafeUT encounter, youth indicated significant reductions in the intensity of their presenting concerns.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>SafeUT appears to be effective in reducing acute concerns. However, youth still receive insufficient mental health support. Addressing barriers is imperative in ensuring that youth receive appropriate mental health care.</div></div><div><h3>Plain language summary</h3><div>Youth mental health crisis app users were asked to complete a survey after completing an encounter with an app clinician. About half of respondents reported engaging in self-harm in the past two weeks. Less than half reported receiving formal mental health services, with not wanting to talk to a parent or guardian being the most endorsed barrier (54%). While a significant decrease in the intensity of presenting concerns followed app interaction, more work is needed to address barriers to additional community mental health services for these high-risk youth.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73525,"journal":{"name":"JAACAP open","volume":"3 3","pages":"Pages 421-430"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144914059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Scope","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S2949-7329(24)00052-8","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S2949-7329(24)00052-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73525,"journal":{"name":"JAACAP open","volume":"2 3","pages":"Page A1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2949732924000528/pdfft?md5=50a5896191b6919883411fc7b940f3a6&pid=1-s2.0-S2949732924000528-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142083536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stress and Trauma Symptoms in Young Palestine Refugee Children Following the May 2021 Escalation in Gaza","authors":"Nina Schöler MSc ,&nbsp;Gilad Gal PhD ,&nbsp;Lawrence S. Wissow MD, MPH ,&nbsp;Akihiro Seita MD, MPH","doi":"10.1016/j.jaacop.2024.06.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaacop.2024.06.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Children in the Gaza Strip have lived their entire lives with chronic economic and political insecurity punctuated by periodic escalations of overt combat. Clinicians need to learn how children raised in these conditions respond to escalations of threat. This study investigated the prevalence of stress and trauma-related symptoms and functional impairment among young Palestinian children following the May 2021 escalation in Gaza.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>Survey (conducted in 2021) of first-year elementary school students aged 5 to 7 years from all 5 Gaza Strip governorates (n = 11,646). Symptoms were measured in joint parent-child interviews using an adapted version of the Acute Stress Checklist for Children (ASC-Kids) administered after the May 2021 escalation. Children were classified as having no exposure to the May 2021 escalation, personal exposure (witnessed or experienced injury or property damage), subjective experience of fear (recalled feelings of fear at the time), and combined personal and subjective exposure.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Personal and/or subjective exposure was reported by 75.9% of children. ASC-Kids scores increased as a function of exposure: none&lt;personal&lt;subjective&lt;combined. However, the relationship between exposure and ASC-Kids scores was stronger in some governorates than others and was attenuated among children from higher-income families. Functional impairment was found in 38.1% of the children, and the rate increased with the level of exposure. ASC-Kids scores were not related to the time of assessment.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Exposure to the May 2021 escalation was related to elevated stress and trauma-related symptoms and higher rates of functional impairment. Feelings of distress at the time of the escalation were stronger predictors of later problems than were reports of exposure to injury or destruction alone. The study findings suggest ways of identifying children who could be candidates for preventive interventions following escalations of violence.</div></div><div><h3>Plain language summary</h3><div>After the escalation of combat in Gaza in May 2021, many more elementary school-aged children reported a subjective experience of fear than directly witnessed violence. Subjective experience of fear strongly predicted mental health and functional impairment in the following months, with children in lower income families being even more likely to report ongoing difficulties. The authors suggest that promoting a sense of security and supporting families’ basic needs may help mitigate feelings of distress in young children living through periods of war.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73525,"journal":{"name":"JAACAP open","volume":"3 3","pages":"Pages 609-617"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144913178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Review: Child Psychiatry in the Era of Genomics: The Promise of Translational Genetics Research for the Clinic","authors":"Sarah E. Fitzpatrick MPhil ,&nbsp;Irene Antony BA ,&nbsp;Erika L. Nurmi MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Thomas V. Fernandez MD ,&nbsp;Wendy K. Chung MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Catherine A. Brownstein PhD ,&nbsp;Joseph Gonzalez-Heydrich MD ,&nbsp;Raquel E. Gur MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Amanda R. Merner PhD ,&nbsp;Gabriel Lázaro-Muñoz PhD, JD ,&nbsp;Matthew W. State MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Kevin M. Simon MD, MPH ,&nbsp;Ellen J. Hoffman MD, PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.jaacop.2024.06.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaacop.2024.06.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>There has been remarkable progress in recent years in understanding the genetic underpinnings of child psychiatric disorders. Concurrently, genetic testing is becoming increasingly available in the clinic. However, many clinicians report a lack of familiarity with genetics and how genetic testing might inform a clinical evaluation. This review aims to introduce clinicians to cutting-edge research in child psychiatric genetics and discuss the emerging role of genetic tests in clinical practice.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>This review highlights major findings presented at the Research Institute of the 69th American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Annual Meeting.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>An overview of critical genetic concepts for clinicians is provided along with a discussion of recent advances in child psychiatric genetics, focusing on autism spectrum disorder, where whole exome sequencing has led to the identification of approximately 250 high-confidence risk genes. The review describes how similar approaches to gene discovery are beginning to shed light on the genetic architecture of early-onset psychosis, Tourette’s disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and other disorders. In addition, the practical limitations of pharmacogenetic testing, ethical considerations, and barriers to clinical genetic testing are discussed. Finally, the promise of genetic research for advancing understanding of the pathophysiology of these disorders is illustrated.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This review aims to improve clinicians’ knowledge of how genetic findings might inform clinical evaluation and management of child psychiatric disorders and the potential for groundbreaking research in the field to shape the development of new treatments.</div></div><div><h3>Plain language summary</h3><div>This review highlights essential genetic concepts and past decade progress in gene discovery, with a particular focus on autism spectrum disorders. The practical applications of genetic testing for clinicians are also explored, including the limitations of pharmacogenetic testing, as well as ethical considerations and barriers to implementing clinical genetic testing. Finally, the review highlights cutting-edge genetics research underway to develop new treatments for child psychiatric disorders.</div></div><div><h3>Diversity &amp; Inclusion Statement</h3><div>One or more of the authors of this paper self-identifies as a member of one or more historically underrepresented racial and/or ethnic groups in science. We actively worked to promote sex and gender balance in our author group.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73525,"journal":{"name":"JAACAP open","volume":"3 2","pages":"Pages 157-170"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144154465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Course of Parental Psychological Distress in Childhood and Adolescent Depression","authors":"Katia Mace PhD ,&nbsp;Maria Sifaki PhD ,&nbsp;Emily Midouhas PhD ,&nbsp;Eirini Flouri PhD ,&nbsp;Efstathios Papachristou PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.jaacop.2024.05.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaacop.2024.05.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Investigations of the influence of parental psychological distress on depression in offspring have largely focused on maternal, rather than paternal, symptoms. This study examined how psychological distress trajectories of both fathers and mothers across their child’s preschool and primary school years relate to depressive symptoms of the child in adolescence. The aim was to assess whether maternal and paternal psychological distress symptoms develop in parallel during the childhood years and how each parent’s symptoms may influence their adolescent’s symptoms.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>The sample comprised 8,888 Millennium Cohort Study families. Parental psychological distress was measured using the 6-item Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K6) at offspring ages 3, 5, 7, and 11 years. At age 14 years, the child’s depressive symptoms were measured with the Short Mood and Feelings Questionnaire (SMFQ). Parallel process latent growth curves examined unfolding of maternal and paternal psychological distress symptoms and assessed whether growth parameters (intercepts and slopes) of each parent’s trajectory predicted adolescent SMFQ scores.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Intercepts and slopes of maternal and paternal symptom trajectories were positively correlated, indicating parallel development. The maternal and paternal intercepts were independently predictive of adolescent SMFQ scores, as was the maternal, but not the paternal, slope after adjustment for confounding.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Maternal and paternal psychological distress symptoms develop in parallel from early to late childhood. Higher levels of psychological distress experienced by either parent in the early years and increasing levels of maternal symptoms across childhood predict higher levels of offspring depression in adolescence. These findings highlight the importance of early intervention targeting psychological distress of both parents of young children.</div></div><div><h3>Plain language summary</h3><div>Using data from 8,888 families in the United Kingdom Millennium Cohort Study, trajectories of parental psychological distress trajectories when their child was 3 to 11 years of age were modeled and then linked to offspring depressive symptoms at age 14. Distress levels in mothers and fathers developed in parallel across their child’s early years, indicating tightly aligned parental mental-health patterns. Higher psychological distress in either parent during their child’s early years, and a steady increase in maternal distress, were associated with more pronounced adolescent depressive symptoms. These findings underscore the value of sustained mental-health support for both parents during their child’s early years to help reduce later risk for their children.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73525,"journal":{"name":"JAACAP open","volume":"3 3","pages":"Pages 634-644"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141694231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Family Factors Associated With Delinquency Outcomes in Court-Involved Youth in Mental Health Treatment","authors":"Elizabeth M. Olsen MD ,&nbsp;Laura B. Whiteley MD ,&nbsp;Marina Tolou-Shams PhD ,&nbsp;Christianne Esposito-Smythers PhD ,&nbsp;Larry K. Brown MD","doi":"10.1016/j.jaacop.2024.05.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaacop.2024.05.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To examine the impact of baseline family functioning and parental monitoring on engagement in and severity of delinquent acts of court-involved youth (CIY) after 6 months of mental health treatment.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>Adolescent (mean age <em>=</em>15.16 years) CIY (N = 165) recruited from 2 US cities completed questionnaires at baseline and at 6 months during their court-mandated mental health treatment with a 71% (n =117) completion rate. Youth were mostly male (61.5%) and White (64.1%). Baseline demographics and psychosocial variables that were significantly associated with 6-month delinquency engagement and severity in initial analyses were entered into regressions.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In initial analyses, baseline alcohol use, cannabis use, parental monitoring, and family functioning were associated with 6-month delinquency engagement and severity (<em>p</em>s &lt; .05). Regressions demonstrated that after controlling for baseline psychiatric symptoms and demographics, baseline alcohol use, cannabis use, and parental monitoring had small to medium effects on 6-month delinquency engagement and severity.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>In CIY enrolled in mental health treatment, youth with substance use and less parental monitoring at baseline were more likely to have higher engagement in and severity of delinquency at 6 months. This suggests that clinical interventions that target these factors could reduce delinquency. Future directions for this research include improving our understanding of the biopsychosocial factors in this population and better tailoring of existing family-based interventions that target substance use for CIY in mental health treatment.</div></div><div><h3>Plain language summary</h3><div>This study utilized the longitudinal data of 117 court-involved youth who were mandated to mental health treatment in two Eastern US cities. The results showed that substance use and less parental monitoring at the start of treatment predicted engagement in and severity of delinquency after six months of treatment. Findings suggest that interventions tailored toward specifically targeting these factors may help to reduce delinquency.</div></div><div><h3>Clinical Trial Registration Information</h3><div>Integrated Mental Health Treatment &amp; HIV Prevention for Court-Involved Youth (ITP); <span><span>https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT01421485</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>.</div></div><div><h3>Diversity &amp; Inclusion Statement</h3><div>We worked to ensure sex and gender balance in the recruitment of human participants. We worked to ensure that the study questionnaires were prepared in an inclusive way. We worked to ensure race, ethnic, and/or other types of diversity in the recruitment of human participants. One or more of the authors of this paper self-identifies as a member of one or more historically underrepresented sexual and/or gender groups in science","PeriodicalId":73525,"journal":{"name":"JAACAP open","volume":"3 3","pages":"Pages 678-688"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141702845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adolescent Sleep as a Transdiagnostic Factor: Associations Between Actigraphy-Derived Night-to-Night Sleep Metrics and Adolescent Psychopathology","authors":"Eric M. Phillips MA ,&nbsp;Emily L. Goldberg MA ,&nbsp;Rebecca L. Brock PhD ,&nbsp;Emily R. Hamburger MA, MEd ,&nbsp;Jennifer Mize Nelson PhD ,&nbsp;W. Alex Mason PhD ,&nbsp;Kimberly Andrews Espy PhD ,&nbsp;Timothy D. Nelson PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.jaacop.2024.06.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaacop.2024.06.001","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Objective&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;This study examined associations between actigraphy-derived sleep metrics (ie, intraindividual sleep variability, average sleep duration, bedtime, and waketime) and psychopathology to discern their roles as potential transdiagnostic factors related to psychiatric problems during adolescence.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Method&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;In a sample of 238 adolescents (aged 14-18 years; 0.4% Asian American, 4.0% Black, 22.0% Multiracial, and 73.5% White; 53.4% female) oversampled for socioeconomic risk, we used a bifactor s-1 model of psychopathology, with emotion dysregulation as the reference indicator, to model the general factor of dysregulation and psychopathology (GF-DP) as well as specific internalizing and externalizing factors. We used multilevel structural equation modeling with the Markov chain Monte Carlo procedure to model latent means and intraindividual variability in nightly sleep duration, bedtime, and waketime over 14 nights, and to test whether they had general or specific associations with psychopathology. Furthermore, we examined whether sociodemographic variables moderated the associations between psychopathology and the various sleep metrics.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Results&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Results indicated a significant positive association between the GF-DP and intraindividual variability in sleep duration (β = 0.18, 95% CI = 0.013, 0.335). This association was consistent across multiple demographic characteristics, highlighting its broad relevance. The study did not find significant associations with specific internalizing or externalizing problems or other sleep metrics.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Conclusion&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Findings emphasize intraindividual variability in sleep duration as a key transdiagnostic factor in adolescent psychopathology. Targeting sleep variability could lead to more effective interventions, potentially reducing the prevalence of a broad spectrum of psychiatric disorders. Future research using diverse samples and longitudinal designs is warranted to build on these insights.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Plain language summary&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;In this study of 238 adolescents between the ages of 14 to 18, night-to-night sleep was measured using actigraphy watches and related to parent- and adolescent-rated mental health problems. Greater inconsistency in the amount of time an adolescent slept each night was related to greater emotion dysregulation and mental health problems, including internalizing (ie, depression, anxiety, somatic problems) and externalizing (ie, oppositionality, conduct problems, hyperactivity, and inattention) problems. The average amount of sleep time and bedtime and waketime were not significantly related to adolescents’ mental health problems.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Clinical guidance&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;• Clinicians should assess for consistency of adolescent sleep in addition to the amount of time an adolescent is sleeping. Sleep inconsistency may be more relevant to adolescents’ mental health problems than ","PeriodicalId":73525,"journal":{"name":"JAACAP open","volume":"3 3","pages":"Pages 701-712"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141702782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Autism Spectrum Disorder and Grandmother’s Race, Ethnicity, and Nativity","authors":"Ting Chow MPH ,&nbsp;Qi Meng PhD ,&nbsp;Karl O’Sharkey PhD ,&nbsp;Zeyan Liew PhD ,&nbsp;Beate Ritz MD, PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.jaacop.2024.04.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaacop.2024.04.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study investigated associations between offspring autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and grandmother’s race, ethnicity, and nativity.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>This is a statewide multigenerational California birth cohort linkage study using birth records from the California Department of Public Health and diagnostic records from the California Department of Developmental Services with primary diagnosis of autistic disorder and codes for intellectual disabilities (ID). The analytical study population includes 1,743,177 mother–child pairs of children born between 2001 and 2019 to mothers who were born between 1983 and 2001. Grandmother’s self-reported race, ethnicity, and nativity were recorded on the birth certificate. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% CIs were estimated using logistic regression.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The odds of ASD among grandchildren were higher among grandmothers who were US-born Black (OR = 1.25, 95% CI = 1.20-1.31), foreign-born Black (OR = 1.45, 95% CI = 1.17-1.81), US-born Hispanic (OR = 1.19, 95% CI = 1.14-1.23), and foreign-born Hispanic (OR = 1.22, 95% CI = 1.19-1.26), but not US-born Asian Pacific Islander (API; OR = 0.87, 95% CI = 0.75-1.02), foreign-born API (OR = 0.94, 95% CI = 0.88-1.00), or foreign-born White (OR = 0.90, 95% CI = 0.82-0.99), compared to grandmothers who were US-born White. For ASD with ID, associations were stronger for grandmothers who were US- and foreign-born Black and Hispanic, and positive associations were observed for grandmothers who were foreign-born API.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Results suggest that the risk of ASD and ASD with ID differ by grandmother’s race, ethnicity, and nativity, with higher odds observed among grandmothers who were Black and Hispanic and with the highest risk observed among grandchildren of grandmothers who were foreign-born.</div></div><div><h3>Plain language summary</h3><div>This study investigates the relation between grandmothers’ race, ethnicity, and nativity and autism spectrum disorders (ASD) with/out intellectual disabilities (ID) in grandchildren in California. Odds of ASD were higher among grandchildren of grandmothers who were Black and Hispanic and grandmothers who were born outside of the US. Multigenerational genetic and environmental risk factors for ASD in racially and ethnically diverse populations merit additional study.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73525,"journal":{"name":"JAACAP open","volume":"3 3","pages":"Pages 601-608"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141391041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}