J Pub Date : 2020-05-28 DOI: 10.3390/j3020016

F. Perri, Adriana Coricello, J. D. Adams

引用次数: 11

Status of Water Quality for Human Consumption in High-Andean Rural Communities: Discrepancies between Techniques for Identifying Trace Metals 高安第斯山脉农村社区供人类饮用的水质状况:微量金属鉴定技术之间的差异

J Pub Date : 2020-04-27 DOI: 10.3390/j3020014

Alejandro Quispe-Coica, Sonia Fernández, Luz Acharte Lume, A. Pérez-Foguet

{"title":"Status of Water Quality for Human Consumption in High-Andean Rural Communities: Discrepancies between Techniques for Identifying Trace Metals","authors":"Alejandro Quispe-Coica, Sonia Fernández, Luz Acharte Lume, A. Pérez-Foguet","doi":"10.3390/j3020014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/j3020014","url":null,"abstract":"Access to safe water is essential for people’s lives and health. However, little information is available about the quality of water consumed in rural communities in the Andes of Peru. The difficulties of accessing communities, and the lack of nearby laboratories, raise the question of which techniques are being used or could be used to monitor water quality (and specifically, for trace metal content determination), as discrepancies between different techniques have been reported. This work focuses on water characterization of (i) physicochemical, microbiological, and parasitological parameters; and (ii) the presence of trace metals in a specific Andean region involving five communities, determined by two different techniques: inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS). AAS was performed at local laboratories in the province capital located within a 4-h travel distance from sampling points, and ICP-MS was performed in a certified lab in Lima at a 24-h bus travel distance (on average) from sampling points. The physicochemical characterization shows non-compliance with regulations of 16.4% of reservoirs and 23.1% of households. Further, standards for microbiological and parasitological parameters were not met by 14.5% of spring water points, 18.8% of water reservoirs, and 14.3% of households. These results are in agreement with the Peruvian government´s general figures regarding water quality in rural areas. While ICP-MS and AAS gave equivalent results for most pairs of sample metals tested, differences were found for Mo, Mn, Al, Zn, Cd, and Cu concentrations (with larger differences for Mo, Cd, and Cu). Differences in Al and Mo affect the comparison with water quality standards and generate uncertainty in terms of acceptability for human consumption.","PeriodicalId":73524,"journal":{"name":"J","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3390/j3020014","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43386104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Elderly Body Movement Alteration at 2nd Experience of Digital Art Installation with Cognitive and Motivation Scores 老年人在数字艺术装置第二次体验时的身体运动改变与认知及动机评分

J Pub Date : 2020-04-14 DOI: 10.3390/j3020012

T. Tao, Ryota Sato, Yusuke Matsuda, Jumpei Takata, Fijun Kim, Yukio Daikubara, K. Fujita, Kotaro Hanamoto, Fumio Kinoshita, R. Colman, M. Koshiba

{"title":"Elderly Body Movement Alteration at 2nd Experience of Digital Art Installation with Cognitive and Motivation Scores","authors":"T. Tao, Ryota Sato, Yusuke Matsuda, Jumpei Takata, Fijun Kim, Yukio Daikubara, K. Fujita, Kotaro Hanamoto, Fumio Kinoshita, R. Colman, M. Koshiba","doi":"10.3390/j3020012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/j3020012","url":null,"abstract":"The prevalence of advanced medical treatment has led to global population aging, resulting in increased numbers of dementia patients. One of the most intractable symptoms of dementia is apathy, or lack of interest and enthusiasm, which can accompany memory and cognitive deterioration. Development of a novel method to ameliorate apathy is desirable. In this feasibility trial, we propose a series of digital art installations as a candidate dementia intervention approach. Seven, three-minute scenes of digital images and sounds were presented to visitors either passively or in response to their reactions (motion and sound). We evaluated the potential of this application as an intervention against apathy in an elderly living home. We collected the dementia global standard Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and questionnaire scores of sensory pleasure and motivation along with behavioral motion data in twenty participants. We further compared responses between the first and second experiences in the thirteen participants that were present for both days. Overall, we found a significant increase in participants’ motivation. In these subjects, head and right hand motion increased over different scenes and MMSE degrees, but was most significant during passive scenes. Despite a small number of subjects and limited evaluations, this new digital art technology holds promise as an apathy intervention in the elderly and can be improved with use of wearable motion sensors.","PeriodicalId":73524,"journal":{"name":"J","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3390/j3020012","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47674889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Analysis of Dynamical Heat Conductivity of the Reservoir and Fluid Evacuation Zone on the Gas Condensate Well Flow Rate 储层动态导热系数及流体抽放区对凝析气井流量的影响分析

J Pub Date : 2020-03-14 DOI: 10.3390/j3010011

Kouadio Fabrice Anzian, M. Fyk, A. Bassam, M. Abbood, Haval Mohammed Abdullatif, Yevhen Shapchenko

{"title":"Analysis of Dynamical Heat Conductivity of the Reservoir and Fluid Evacuation Zone on the Gas Condensate Well Flow Rate","authors":"Kouadio Fabrice Anzian, M. Fyk, A. Bassam, M. Abbood, Haval Mohammed Abdullatif, Yevhen Shapchenko","doi":"10.3390/j3010011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/j3010011","url":null,"abstract":"This study shows that the thermal conductivity of the rock borehole adjacent to the wells varies depending on the operation of the well. This is due to the fact that the actual temperature and temperature difference affect the humidity and other thermal properties of the rocks, which in turn affect the heat transfer coefficient across the section between the moving gas and the rocks. The static temperature field of primitive geothermal gradients acquires changes in a dynamic form. Theoretical consideration of changes in the thermal conductivity of rocks near the face and the wells is proposed to improve the prediction of gas condensate wells production. The result is achieved by introducing the specified equations of the thermal energy balance in the radial filtration and lifting of well products, which contain the coefficients of heat exchange and throttling. The refinement bias estimation of the 10%–15% level of gas condensate well extraction is shown using proposed methodological approach to relatively well-known (traditional in the field development practice) methods for estimating the extraction of a “medium well” from a particular oil and gas field evaluation. The results of this work demonstrate important scientific, applied, educational and methodological significance of using the methodology presented by the authors.","PeriodicalId":73524,"journal":{"name":"J","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3390/j3010011","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49008421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Jesus Christ’s Speeches in Maria Valtorta’s Mystical Writings: Setting, Topics, Duration and Deep-Language Mathematical Analysis 玛丽亚·瓦尔托尔塔神秘主义作品中耶稣基督的演讲:背景、主题、持续时间和深度语言数学分析

J Pub Date : 2020-03-12 DOI: 10.3390/j3010010

E. Matricciani, L. De Caro

{"title":"Jesus Christ’s Speeches in Maria Valtorta’s Mystical Writings: Setting, Topics, Duration and Deep-Language Mathematical Analysis","authors":"E. Matricciani, L. De Caro","doi":"10.3390/j3010010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/j3010010","url":null,"abstract":"We have studied Jesus Christ’s speeches contained in The Gospel as revealed to me by Maria Valtorta to assess: (i) similarities and differences of the speeches delivered to diverse audiences, through deep-language statistics; (ii) duration of the speeches delivered in different occasions; (iii) whether the setting of the speeches is realistic. Mathematically, the speeches can be divided into two sets: (a) two apparently well-planned and coordinated series of speeches delivered at “Clear Water” and at the Horns of Hattin (Sermon of the Mountain); (b) extempore speeches delivered in many localities (parables, speeches to people or to disciples, in Synagogues, at the Temple). By converting sequences of words into intervals, through a suitable reading/speaking speed, the speeches’ durations were found to be realistic. The setting of the speeches allows the assessment of the likelihood of the places and occasions for delivering them. Maria Valtorta wrote extraordinary speeches that she attributed to the alleged Jesus of Nazareth. In addition to their theological and doctrinal contents (whose study is far beyond the scope of this paper), the speeches are so realistic in whatever mathematical parameter, or setting, we study them, that she is either a great literary author, or—as she claims—an attentive “eyewitness” of what she reports.","PeriodicalId":73524,"journal":{"name":"J","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3390/j3010010","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42880140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Sensitivity of Planaria to Weak, Patterned Electric Current and the Subsequent Correlative Interactions with Fluctuations in the Intensity of the Magnetic Field of Earth Planaria对弱模式电流的敏感性及其与地球磁场强度波动的相关相互作用

J Pub Date : 2020-02-19 DOI: 10.3390/j3010008

Victoria L. Hossack, M. Persinger, B. Dotta

引用次数: 0

Relationship between Sunspot Numbers and Mean Annual Precipitation: Application of Cross-Wavelet Transform—A Case Study 太阳黑子数与年平均降水的关系:交叉小波变换的应用

J Pub Date : 2020-02-15 DOI: 10.3390/j3010007

Mohammad Nazari-Sharabian, Moses Karakouzian

{"title":"Relationship between Sunspot Numbers and Mean Annual Precipitation: Application of Cross-Wavelet Transform—A Case Study","authors":"Mohammad Nazari-Sharabian, Moses Karakouzian","doi":"10.3390/j3010007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/j3010007","url":null,"abstract":"Observations show that the Sun, which is the primary source of energy for the Earth’s climate system, is a variable star. In order to understand the influence of solar variability on the Earth’s climate, knowledge of solar variability and solar–terrestrial interactions is required. Knowledge of the Sun’s cyclic behavior can be used for future prediction purposes on Earth. In this study, the possible connection between sunspot numbers (SSN) as a proxy for the 11-year solar cycle and mean annual precipitation (MAP) in Iran were investigated, with the motivation of contributing to the controversial issue of the relationship between SSN and MAP. Nine locations throughout Iran were selected, representing different climatic conditions in the country. Cross-wavelet transform (XWT) analysis was employed to investigate the temporal relationship between cyclicities in SSN and MAP. Results indicated that a distinct 8–12-year correlation exists between the two time series of SSN and MAP, and peaks in precipitation mostly occur one to three years after the SSN maxima. The findings of this study can be beneficial for policymakers, to consider future potential droughts and wet years based on sunspot activities, so that water resources can be more properly managed.","PeriodicalId":73524,"journal":{"name":"J","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3390/j3010007","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46555994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 23

An Animal Study to Compare Hepatoprotective Effects Between Fermented Rice Bran and Fermented Rice Germ and Soybean in a Sprague-Dawley Rat Model of Alcohol-Induced Hepatic Injury 在Sprague-Dawley大鼠酒精性肝损伤模型中比较发酵米糠、发酵米胚芽和大豆护肝作用的动物研究

J Pub Date : 2020-02-14 DOI: 10.3390/j3010006

H. Ahn, Young-Su Cho

引用次数: 2

A Novel PV Array Reconfiguration Algorithm Approach to Optimising Power Generation across Non-Uniformly Aged PV Arrays by Merely Repositioning 一种仅通过重新定位实现非均匀老化光伏阵列发电优化的新型光伏阵列重构算法

J Pub Date : 2020-02-11 DOI: 10.3390/j3010005

Mohammed Alkahtani, Zuyu Wu, Colin Sokol Kuka, Muflah S Alahammad, K. Ni

{"title":"A Novel PV Array Reconfiguration Algorithm Approach to Optimising Power Generation across Non-Uniformly Aged PV Arrays by Merely Repositioning","authors":"Mohammed Alkahtani, Zuyu Wu, Colin Sokol Kuka, Muflah S Alahammad, K. Ni","doi":"10.3390/j3010005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/j3010005","url":null,"abstract":"Photovoltaic (PV) module working conditions lack consistency and PV array power outputs fluctuate due to the non-uniform impact that aging has on various PV modules in a PV array. No assessment has been conducted on the energy potential of a non-uniform PV array, despite the fact that the maximum power point (MPP) can be tracked by global maximum power point tracking (GMPPT). Therefore, the present work undertakes such an assessment by devising an algorithm to optimise the PV array electrical structure as the PV modules undergo aging in a non-uniform way. To enable PV arrays with non-uniform aging to produce as much power as possible and to make maintenance more cost-effective, the work puts forward a novel approach for reconfiguring PV arrays, where the PV modules are repositioned by retaining the aged PV modules. By this approach, the selection of the best reconfiguration topology necessitates the information on the electrical parameters associated with the PV modules in an array. Furthermore, the non-uniform aging of the PV modules can engender an incompatibility effect, which can be diminished in the proposed algorithm through iterative sorting of the modules in a hierarchical pattern. To determine how effective the method is for PV arrays with non-uniform aging and of different sizes, such as 3 × 4, 5 × 8 and 7 × 8 arrays, computer simulation and analysis have been conducted, with findings indicating that, irrespective of dimensions, PV arrays with non-uniform aging can have improved power yield.","PeriodicalId":73524,"journal":{"name":"J","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3390/j3010005","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42441687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 13

Evaluation of the Factors that Promote Improved Experience and Better Outcomes of Older Adults in Intermediate Care Setting 促进老年人在中间护理环境中改善体验和改善结果的因素评估

J Pub Date : 2020-02-08 DOI: 10.3390/j3010004

Rona Blendell, O. Ojo

{"title":"Evaluation of the Factors that Promote Improved Experience and Better Outcomes of Older Adults in Intermediate Care Setting","authors":"Rona Blendell, O. Ojo","doi":"10.3390/j3010004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/j3010004","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this article was to identify the main contributing factors to optimising improved experience and better outcomes for older adults participating in intermediate care setting. Background: Intermediate care is an integrated team intervention for patients experiencing an acute change in their function and well-being. Crisis intervention is one of several intermediate care pathways and provides a timely, person-centred, goal setting assessment to determine appropriate care and support for patients in the community. Method: This systematic review was conducted using key search terms and Boolean operators. A Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP) tool was used to evaluate the studies and the data was extracted and synthesised systematically to develop themes relating to the research question. Results: Seven qualitative primary research studies and one mixed methods study were identified. The main themes were ‘communicating with patients’ and ‘patient participation’. Results showed neither themes are parallel entities but co-dependent. Patient-centred approaches to communication by professionals encouraged active patient participation, in turn optimising patient outcomes. Conclusion: This review showed that patient participation in intermediate care requires professionals using advanced communication skills and taking time to actively listen to what is important to the patients. In addition, poor professional communication resulted in passive patient participation. Implications for future practice are discussed.","PeriodicalId":73524,"journal":{"name":"J","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3390/j3010004","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46195218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

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