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Gasdynamic and Kinetic Stages of the Gas Z-Pinch
IF 0.9 4区 物理与天体物理
Plasma Physics Reports Pub Date : 2025-02-17 DOI: 10.1134/S1063780X24601809
A. Yu. Frolov, V. V. Vikhrev, A. Yu. Chirkov
{"title":"Gasdynamic and Kinetic Stages of the Gas Z-Pinch","authors":"A. Yu. Frolov,&nbsp;V. V. Vikhrev,&nbsp;A. Yu. Chirkov","doi":"10.1134/S1063780X24601809","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1063780X24601809","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A phenomenological gasdynamic model of the compression of the gas Z-pinch neck through whose ends the plasma flows out at a high velocity was considered. Calculations showed that in this process, conditions are created under which the relaxation of the ion plasma component is delayed compared to the macroscopic compression dynamics. Therefore, the description of the Z-pinches at their maximum compression stage has to account for the ion kinetics. This approach can explain the mechanism of the ion acceleration to high energies as well as the high intensity of the neutron radiation at the final stage of the neck compression.</p>","PeriodicalId":735,"journal":{"name":"Plasma Physics Reports","volume":"50 12","pages":"1549 - 1558"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143430713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The First Test Results of the Gyrotron and Waveguide Path of the T-15MD Tokamak in a Long-Pulse Operation
IF 0.9 4区 物理与天体物理
Plasma Physics Reports Pub Date : 2025-02-17 DOI: 10.1134/S1063780X24602013
I. S. Pimenov, A. A. Borschegovskiy, E. R. Akhmedov, S. V. Neudatchin, V. N. Novikov, V. N. Pavlov, I. N. Roy, S. A. Sevostyanov, N. V. Shapotkovsky
{"title":"The First Test Results of the Gyrotron and Waveguide Path of the T-15MD Tokamak in a Long-Pulse Operation","authors":"I. S. Pimenov,&nbsp;A. A. Borschegovskiy,&nbsp;E. R. Akhmedov,&nbsp;S. V. Neudatchin,&nbsp;V. N. Novikov,&nbsp;V. N. Pavlov,&nbsp;I. N. Roy,&nbsp;S. A. Sevostyanov,&nbsp;N. V. Shapotkovsky","doi":"10.1134/S1063780X24602013","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1063780X24602013","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The T-15MD tokamak is equipped with a gyrotron setup, which currently includes one gyrotron with an operating outlet frequency of 82.6 GHz and a power of 1 MW. The length of the waveguide path from the gyrotron to the tokamak is 37 m. A significant result obtained earlier has been the measurement of HF‑radiation power using a small calorimetry load (0.95 MW at a pulse duration of 125 ms). The results of the first joint tests of a gyrotron and a waveguide path for a dummy load in a long pulse operation from a “V-iktoriya” high-voltage power supply are presented. The pulse duration of 9.4 s is achieved. The estimated microwave radiation power is 0.85 MW.</p>","PeriodicalId":735,"journal":{"name":"Plasma Physics Reports","volume":"50 12","pages":"1594 - 1598"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143430803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Complete Differential Expansion of the Integral of Elastic Collisions of Electrons with Heavy Neutral Particles
IF 0.9 4区 物理与天体物理
Plasma Physics Reports Pub Date : 2025-02-17 DOI: 10.1134/S1063780X24601937
E. I. Bochkov
{"title":"Complete Differential Expansion of the Integral of Elastic Collisions of Electrons with Heavy Neutral Particles","authors":"E. I. Bochkov","doi":"10.1134/S1063780X24601937","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1063780X24601937","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The derivation of the complete differential expansion of the integral of elastic collisions of electrons with heavy neutral particles is performed for the case when the electron distribution function is not symmetric with respect to some direction. The derivation is made under the assumption that the kinetic energy of electrons greatly exceeds the energy of thermal motion of atoms and molecules. It is shown how the resulting expansion can be used to derive equations for the moments of the electron distribution function.</p>","PeriodicalId":735,"journal":{"name":"Plasma Physics Reports","volume":"50 12","pages":"1585 - 1593"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143430853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Damping of Oscillations of Charged Particles in the Thermal Field in a Glow-Discharge Plasma
IF 0.9 4区 物理与天体物理
Plasma Physics Reports Pub Date : 2025-02-17 DOI: 10.1134/S1063780X24602001
D. N. Polyakov, V. V. Shumova, L. M. Vasilyak
{"title":"Damping of Oscillations of Charged Particles in the Thermal Field in a Glow-Discharge Plasma","authors":"D. N. Polyakov,&nbsp;V. V. Shumova,&nbsp;L. M. Vasilyak","doi":"10.1134/S1063780X24602001","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1063780X24602001","url":null,"abstract":"<p>It is demonstrated experimentally that the thermophoretic force acting upon microparticles in the thermal field in complex plasma can be used for effective control of a cloud of charged microparticles formed in an electrostatic trap in the positive-column stratum of a glow discharge. Variation in the thermal-field temperature gradient is found to cause changes in the cloud location in plasma volume, its shape and size, along with suppression of oscillations of microparticles in the directions transverse with respect to this gradient. Microparticles of larger size experience stronger thermal action, and damping of microparticle oscillations occurs in conjunction with changes in the cloud spatial position. Obtained experimental results are consistent with theoretical concepts of the phenomena under consideration.</p>","PeriodicalId":735,"journal":{"name":"Plasma Physics Reports","volume":"50 12","pages":"1609 - 1613"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143430855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Application of Dual-Wavelength Digital Holographic Interferometry for Optical Nondestructive Wear Testing of Protective Elements of the Spherical Tokamak Globus-M2
IF 0.9 4区 物理与天体物理
Plasma Physics Reports Pub Date : 2025-02-17 DOI: 10.1134/S1063780X24601871
I. V. Alekseenko, A. M. Kozhevnikova, A. G. Razdobarin, D. I. Elets, O. S. Medvedev
{"title":"Application of Dual-Wavelength Digital Holographic Interferometry for Optical Nondestructive Wear Testing of Protective Elements of the Spherical Tokamak Globus-M2","authors":"I. V. Alekseenko,&nbsp;A. M. Kozhevnikova,&nbsp;A. G. Razdobarin,&nbsp;D. I. Elets,&nbsp;O. S. Medvedev","doi":"10.1134/S1063780X24601871","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1063780X24601871","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The possibility of using the method of dual-wavelength digital holographic interferometry to assess the wear of protective elements of the Globus-M2 spherical tokamak after working plasma discharges is demonstrated. At this stage of the work, the protective elements were removed from the tokamak discharge chamber and used as samples in the holographic setup. A diagram of a holographic interferometer for recording primary holographic images is presented, in which control of the radiation wavelength recording and monitoring systems is carried out through a hardware and software complex in real time. The results of measurements of the shape of tokamak elements are presented. It is shown that when the difference in wavelengths changes, the sensitivity of the measurement method changes, and in the proposed configuration of the optical scheme it is possible to determine the minimum value of the shape change at a level of 10–30 μm. At the same time, the error in determining the phase difference, by which the surface profile is assessed, in the digital method can reach about 2π/40.</p>","PeriodicalId":735,"journal":{"name":"Plasma Physics Reports","volume":"50 12","pages":"1499 - 1505"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143430857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Plasma Formation on the Surface of Condensed Matter under the Effect of Powerful X-Ray Pulse
IF 0.9 4区 物理与天体物理
Plasma Physics Reports Pub Date : 2025-02-17 DOI: 10.1134/S1063780X24601640
S. F. Garanin, E. M. Kravets, G. G. Ivanova
{"title":"Plasma Formation on the Surface of Condensed Matter under the Effect of Powerful X-Ray Pulse","authors":"S. F. Garanin,&nbsp;E. M. Kravets,&nbsp;G. G. Ivanova","doi":"10.1134/S1063780X24601640","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1063780X24601640","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In a number of experiments, the surfaces of condensed matter, for example, the electrodes of pulsed power facilities, are exposed to powerful pulsed X-ray radiation with an energy flux density of ~1 TW/cm<sup>2</sup>. The source of this radiation can be, for example, Z-pinches formed by current compression of multi-wire liners. Under the effect of this radiation, evaporation and plasma formation processes can occur on the surface of the electrodes. This paper provides a theoretical examination of these processes. In the case where the plasma layer thickness is small compared to the characteristic dimensions of the electrodes, plasma formation can be described by one-dimensional equations of magnetohydrodynamics taking radiation transfer into account. One-dimensional calculations performed for the experimental conditions at the Angara-5-1 facility (energy flux density coming from the pinch, ~0.2 TW/cm<sup>2</sup>, radiation exposure time ~15 ns, electrode material Fe), have shown that the characteristic plasma temperature in this case is ~40 eV, density ~3 mg/cm<sup>3</sup>, and its expansion speed is ~60 km/s. It is interesting that the magnetic fields in these experiments, which are relatively small (~0.8 MG) and are incapable to lead to plasma formation, restrain the expansion of the plasma with their pressure and affect its characteristic values and expansion speed. The speed obtained in the calculation is somewhat less than that measured experimentally using an X-ray electron-optical converter (~90 km/s), that may be due to not one dimensional turbulent plasma expansion or due to experimental errors.</p>","PeriodicalId":735,"journal":{"name":"Plasma Physics Reports","volume":"50 12","pages":"1532 - 1548"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143430705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A Simplified Approach to Describing the Kinetic Properties of Impurity Ions in a Weakly Ionized Helium Plasma
IF 0.9 4区 物理与天体物理
Plasma Physics Reports Pub Date : 2025-02-17 DOI: 10.1134/S1063780X24602086
N. L. Alexandrov, A. A. Ponomarev
{"title":"A Simplified Approach to Describing the Kinetic Properties of Impurity Ions in a Weakly Ionized Helium Plasma","authors":"N. L. Alexandrov,&nbsp;A. A. Ponomarev","doi":"10.1134/S1063780X24602086","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1063780X24602086","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Using an approximate approach that is valid for a large ratio of the ion mass to the mass of the neutral particle, the mobility of O<span>(_{2}^{ + })</span>, N<span>(_{2}^{ + })</span>, O<span>(_{2}^{ - })</span>, and O<span>(_{4}^{ - })</span> ions was calculated in helium and good agreement was obtained with the available results of Monte Carlo calculations and experimental data at high values of the reduced electric field. This simplified approach was used to determine the average energy of O<span>(_{4}^{ - })</span> ions and the rate constants of dissociation of these ions in helium. The obtained ion characteristics were compared with the results of more accurate calculations using the Monte Carlo method. Good agreement has been obtained between these two approaches for the average ion energy, but for the dissociation rate constant the difference is quite significant, reaching an order of magnitude or more. It was shown that this difference is associated with the peculiarities of the energy distribution of ions for a large ratio of the ion mass to the mass of the neutral particle.</p>","PeriodicalId":735,"journal":{"name":"Plasma Physics Reports","volume":"50 12","pages":"1577 - 1584"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143430716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Full-Wave Modeling of Electron Cyclotron Plasma Heating at the Fundamental and Second Harmonics for the GDMT Facility
IF 0.9 4区 物理与天体物理
Plasma Physics Reports Pub Date : 2025-02-17 DOI: 10.1134/S1063780X24602062
E. D. Gospodchikov, P. A. Chuvakin, A. L. Solomakhin, A. G. Shalashov
{"title":"Full-Wave Modeling of Electron Cyclotron Plasma Heating at the Fundamental and Second Harmonics for the GDMT Facility","authors":"E. D. Gospodchikov,&nbsp;P. A. Chuvakin,&nbsp;A. L. Solomakhin,&nbsp;A. G. Shalashov","doi":"10.1134/S1063780X24602062","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1063780X24602062","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Possible scenarios of auxiliary electron cyclotron plasma heating in various configurations of the next-generation open magnetic trap GDMT (Gas Dynamic Multiple Mirror trap) designed in Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics are considered. For this purpose, a full-wave impedance approach is used to model the interaction of electromagnetic waves with hot plasma, which allows one to consider the interaction of electromagnetic and quasi-electrostatic modes in the vicinity of the electron cyclotron resonance in an axisymmetric magnetic configuration. Heating scenarios using the ordinary electromagnetic mode at the fundamental harmonic and the extraordinary mode at the second harmonic are considered. For each case, the ranges of the setup parameters are determined in which a considered heating scheme can be effective; the optimal focusing of the quasi-optical microwave beam for heating efficiency is analyzed.</p>","PeriodicalId":735,"journal":{"name":"Plasma Physics Reports","volume":"50 12","pages":"1518 - 1531"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143430704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Interaction of a Powerful Hydrogen Plasma Flow with a Supersonic Gas Jet and a Tungsten Target
IF 0.9 4区 物理与天体物理
Plasma Physics Reports Pub Date : 2025-02-17 DOI: 10.1134/S1063780X24601524
S. D. Lidzhigoriaev, D. A. Burmistrov, V. V. Gavrilov, V. A. Kostyushin, I. M. Poznyak, A. V. Pushina, D. A. Toporkov
{"title":"Interaction of a Powerful Hydrogen Plasma Flow with a Supersonic Gas Jet and a Tungsten Target","authors":"S. D. Lidzhigoriaev,&nbsp;D. A. Burmistrov,&nbsp;V. V. Gavrilov,&nbsp;V. A. Kostyushin,&nbsp;I. M. Poznyak,&nbsp;A. V. Pushina,&nbsp;D. A. Toporkov","doi":"10.1134/S1063780X24601524","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1063780X24601524","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The results of a study of the interaction of a powerful flow of hydrogen plasma with a supersonic gas jet in front of a tungsten target are presented. Nitrogen or neon injected in front of the target surface provides a reliable method of shielding tungsten from direct exposure to hydrogen plasma. It has been experimentally shown that the resulting plasma of the gas jet is a powerful source of short-wave line radiation. Energy density absorbed by a tungsten target ≈25 J/cm<sup>2</sup> is half the energy absorbed by tungsten during pulsed action of a hydrogen plasma flow without a gas jet ≈50 J/cm<sup>2</sup>. The maximum temperature achieved by the tungsten surface is ≈3700 K with the use of a gas jet and ≈5800 K without a gas jet. The presence of a gas jet-screen in front of the tungsten leads to the localization of evaporated tungsten near the target at distances of up to 1 cm from the surface.</p>","PeriodicalId":735,"journal":{"name":"Plasma Physics Reports","volume":"50 12","pages":"1567 - 1576"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143430715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Radiation Amplification by Photoionized Inert Gas Plasma Layer in a Magnetic Field
IF 0.9 4区 物理与天体物理
Plasma Physics Reports Pub Date : 2025-02-17 DOI: 10.1134/S1063780X24602049
T. V. Mamontova, S. A. Uryupin
{"title":"Radiation Amplification by Photoionized Inert Gas Plasma Layer in a Magnetic Field","authors":"T. V. Mamontova,&nbsp;S. A. Uryupin","doi":"10.1134/S1063780X24602049","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1063780X24602049","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The interaction of a circularly polarized electromagnetic wave with a layer of photoionized inert gas plasma in the magnetic field has been studied. A detailed analysis of the reflection and transmission coefficients of the wave under conditions where the wave frequency is the same as the photoelectron cyclotron frequency is given. The possibility of a strong increase in the reflection and transmission coefficients, when negative small absolute values of the imaginary part of the photoionized plasma dielectric permittivity are released, has been revealed. It is shown that in the photoionized plasma layer obtained in the process of fast multiphoton ionization of xenon atoms at atmospheric pressure, there is a possibility of increasing the field strength of terahertz radiation by more than two orders of magnitude.</p>","PeriodicalId":735,"journal":{"name":"Plasma Physics Reports","volume":"50 12","pages":"1559 - 1566"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143430852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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