{"title":"Recombinant Growth hormone response in Indian girls with Turner syndrome","authors":"Kochar Inderpal Singh","doi":"10.17352/ijcem.000029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17352/ijcem.000029","url":null,"abstract":"Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is widely recognized as a major cause of blindness, with Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) being the most frequently cited underlying pathophysiologic mechanism. This makes DR, among all ocular manifestations of diabetes, the focus of most diagnostic as well as therapeutic interventions. However, diabetic neurotrophic keratopathy, a common ocular complication of diabetes that is caused by corneal nerve fiber damage, is a diagnostic entity that generated a lot of attention recently in the ophthalmology community for being largely unrecognized, underdiagnosed and generally not treated, rendering a large number of the growing population susceptible to this serious ocular complication. This is largely because of the challenge in diagnosis and management of diabetic neurotrophic keratopathy. In this manuscript, we discuss the epidemiology, pathophysiologic mechanisms, diagnostic challenges and the innovative therapeutic interventions of diabetic neurotrophic keratopathy, an entity with potentially serious implications for diabetic patients, both type 1 as well as type 2 alike.","PeriodicalId":73435,"journal":{"name":"International journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85889769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Closing the Mortality Gap in Diabetic Ketoacidosis and Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemic State: Implications of a Clinical Decision Support App.","authors":"Yair Saperstein, Joongheum Park, Samy I McFarlane","doi":"10.17352/ijcem.000031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17352/ijcem.000031","url":null,"abstract":"Diabetes is a major public health issue affecting millions of people in the United States and worldwide. In the United States alone, about 30.3 million people (9.4% of the population) have diabetes [1]. Worldwide, a staggering 422 million have diabetes according to 2014 estimates [2]. Diabetes complications over years of exposure include cardiovascular disease -- stroke and myocardial infarction -- and microvascular disorders -- kidney failure, blindness and amputation [3]. Acute and potentially fatal complications of diabetes include hyperglycemic crises, specifically diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state (HHS) [4].","PeriodicalId":73435,"journal":{"name":"International journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.17352/ijcem.000031","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10541019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Arpine Barsegian, Boleslav Kotlyar, Justin Lee, Moro O Salifu, Samy I McFarlane
{"title":"Diabetic Retinopathy: Focus on Minority Populations.","authors":"Arpine Barsegian, Boleslav Kotlyar, Justin Lee, Moro O Salifu, Samy I McFarlane","doi":"10.17352/ijcem.000027","DOIUrl":"10.17352/ijcem.000027","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Diabetic retinopathy is a major cause of blindness in the United States. With rise of the epidemic of obesity and diabetes in the USA and around the globe, serious and common diabetic complications are evolving as a major public health problem, particularly among minority populations. These populations are disproportionately affected by diabetes and 2-3 times more likely to develop visually significant complications. In this highly illustrated review article, we discuss the diabetic epidemic, highlighting the biology and the pathophysiologic mechanisms of this disorder on the anatomy of the eye. We also discuss the risk factors and the implications for minority populations. For the health care providers, we provide cutting edge information and imminently relevant information to help evaluate, manage, and know when to refer their patients to a specialist in ophthalmology to quell the tide of the epidemic.</p>","PeriodicalId":73435,"journal":{"name":"International journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5945200/pdf/nihms932831.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36095066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Aytaman, N. Ojike, Samantha Zizi, S. Pandi-Perumal, I. Lukolic, A. Bhanvadia, F. Nwamaghinna, H. Kamran, A. Akivis, Olusegun Bankole, M. Salifu, Samy I McFarlane
{"title":"Hepatitis B Vaccination Rate in Patients with Diabetes: Assessment of Racial and Socioeconomic Disparity","authors":"A. Aytaman, N. Ojike, Samantha Zizi, S. Pandi-Perumal, I. Lukolic, A. Bhanvadia, F. Nwamaghinna, H. Kamran, A. Akivis, Olusegun Bankole, M. Salifu, Samy I McFarlane","doi":"10.17352/IJCEM.000018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17352/IJCEM.000018","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction Less hygienic use of blood glucose monitoring equipment such as blood glucose meters, lancets, finger stick devices or other diabetes-care equipment such as syringes or insulin pens by self-administration often exposes the diabetic patient to Hepatitis B infection. This study evaluates hepatitis B vaccination among individuals with diabetes. Methods The study used data from the 2000–2013 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS). Vaccination rates among adult individuals with diabetes of various ethnic backgrounds was accessed and compared using chis-square tests. Multivariable logistic regression model was used to compare factors affecting hepatitis B vaccination among individuals with diabetes. Results The crude rate of diabetes in this population was 5.4%. The rate of vaccination among individuals with diabetes differed across racial groups (Asians 31.8% vs. blacks 30.7%; and whites 26.5%; p<0.01). After multivariate regression, the leading factors affecting hepatitis B vaccination included Age (40–60 years) (OR=0.51, 95% CI=0.47–0.57, p<0.01), lack of college education (OR=0.71,95% CI=0.64–0.79, p<0.01), foreign birth (OR=0.83, 95% CI=0.72–0.95, p<0.01), and Hispanic ethnicity (OR=0.88, 95% CI=0.78–1.00, P<0.05). Conclusion Social and economic factors-education, insurance status, age, poverty level, and place of birth affect rates of vaccination among individuals with diabetes.","PeriodicalId":73435,"journal":{"name":"International journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83638439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ayse Aytaman, Nwakile Ojike, Samantha Zizi, S R Pandi-Perumal, Ismet Lukolic, Amit Bhanvadia, Felix Nwamaghinna, Haroon Kamran, Alla Akivis, Olusegun Bankole, Moro O Salifu, Samy I McFarlane
{"title":"Hepatitis B Vaccination Rate in Patients with Diabetes: Assessment of Racial and Socioeconomic Disparity.","authors":"Ayse Aytaman, Nwakile Ojike, Samantha Zizi, S R Pandi-Perumal, Ismet Lukolic, Amit Bhanvadia, Felix Nwamaghinna, Haroon Kamran, Alla Akivis, Olusegun Bankole, Moro O Salifu, Samy I McFarlane","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Less hygienic use of blood glucose monitoring equipment such as blood glucose meters, lancets, finger stick devices or other diabetes-care equipment such as syringes or insulin pens by self-administration often exposes the diabetic patient to Hepatitis B infection. This study evaluates hepatitis B vaccination among individuals with diabetes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study used data from the 2000-2013 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS). Vaccination rates among adult individuals with diabetes of various ethnic backgrounds was accessed and compared using chis-square tests. Multivariable logistic regression model was used to compare factors affecting hepatitis B vaccination among individuals with diabetes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The crude rate of diabetes in this population was 5.4%. The rate of vaccination among individuals with diabetes differed across racial groups (Asians 31.8% vs. blacks 30.7%; and whites 26.5%; p<0.01). After multivariate regression, the leading factors affecting hepatitis B vaccination included Age (40-60 years) (OR=0.51, 95% CI=0.47-0.57, p<0.01), lack of college education (OR=0.71,95% CI=0.64-0.79, p<0.01), foreign birth (OR=0.83, 95% CI=0.72-0.95, p<0.01), and Hispanic ethnicity (OR=0.88, 95% CI=0.78-1.00, P<0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Social and economic factors-education, insurance status, age, poverty level, and place of birth affect rates of vaccination among individuals with diabetes.</p>","PeriodicalId":73435,"journal":{"name":"International journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5476310/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35109222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}