Frontiers in rehabilitation sciences最新文献

{"title":"A brief discussion on the role of calcitonin gene-related peptide in the efficacy of rehabilitation medicine.","authors":"Guan Zhencheng, Xue Aiguo","doi":"10.3389/fresc.2025.1593487","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fresc.2025.1593487","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) is an active peptide composed of 37 amino acids that functions through specific receptors. It is widely distributed in small-diameter dorsal root ganglion neurons, trigeminal ganglion neurons, and nerve fibers innervating the spinal cord and brainstem dorsal horn. CGRP regulates various physiological functions, including vasodilation, inflammation modulation, and cardiac protection, and plays a key role in pain transmission. Pain is a global health challenge closely associated with the activity of neuropeptides such as CGRP. Although progress has been made in the application of CGRP in treating various diseases, research in the field of rehabilitation remains in its early stages. This article summarizes the roles of CGRP in peripheral nerve injury, central injury, cardiovascular rehabilitation, and pain rehabilitation. In terms of treatment, common physical therapies such as laser therapy and shock wave therapy have been shown to influence CGRP expression levels. However, the specific effects of these physical interventions on CGRP require more systematic future research and analysis to achieve more efficient and personalized rehabilitation strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":73102,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in rehabilitation sciences","volume":"6 ","pages":"1593487"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12183239/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144478124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of psychoeducational intervention in promoting post-stroke self-care: a systematic literature review.","authors":"Victor Nhime Nungulo, Mauer Gonçalves, Maria Adriana Henriques, Cristina Lavareda Baixinho","doi":"10.3389/fresc.2025.1569526","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fresc.2025.1569526","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Stroke is one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality in the world, and sequelae include physical disability, difficulties with independence for self-care, and loss of mobility and quality of life.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>this study was to summarize the evidence about the effectiveness of psychoeducational interventions in promoting post-stroke self-care.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic literature review was carried out per the Cochrane recommendations. The following databases were included: MEDLINE (via PubMed), Scopus, CINAHL Complete, Cochrane, JBI, and B-on. The study as performed between December 2023 and February 2024, according to the eligibility criteria, by two independent reviewers. The bibliographic sample was evaluated for risk of bias using RoB 2, only clinical trials were included.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The seven articles selected, from 2019 to 2024 evaluated education to promote care and self-care; rehabilitation programmes with physical exercise; management of stress, depression and anxiety; and symptom management. Interventions relating to awareness and knowledge about post-stroke, development of healthy behavior and lifestyle reinforcement of self-care capacity.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This literature review found that in some studies the implementation of psychoeducational interventions improves the knowledge, independence and self-care of this population and their families, although not all of them were equally effective. The results of the articles reinforce that psychoeducational interventions may increase functional independence and the ability to carry out activities of daily living and improve health and quality of life.</p><p><strong>Systematic review registration: </strong>https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/view/CRD42023483087, PROSPERO CRD42023483087.</p>","PeriodicalId":73102,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in rehabilitation sciences","volume":"6 ","pages":"1569526"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12179131/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144478125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of TDCS with proprioceptive exercises to improve gait and balance in visually impaired children and preadolescents: a protocol for randomized clinical trial study.","authors":"Roberta Carneiro de Toledo, Rodolfo Borges Parreira, Deborah Carvalho da Silva Cardoso, Natália de Almeida Carvalho Duarte, Jamile Benite Palma Lopes, Lorraine Barbosa Cordeiro, Daniela Rosana Pedro Fonseca, Iranse Oliveira Silva, Renata Calhes Franco, Karla Cristina Naves de Carvalho, Andrei Machado Viegas da Trindade, Samara Lamounier Santana Parreira, Manuela Galli, Venorica Cimolin, Claudia Santos Oliveira","doi":"10.3389/fresc.2025.1465846","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fresc.2025.1465846","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the absence of information from the visual system, balance is guided by only two of the three afferent systems. If there is no early stimulation of these systems, blind children tend to become passive, which can have a negative impact on muscle tone, coordination and balance. The aim of the present study protocol is to investigate whether transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) can enhance the effects of static and dynamic proprioceptive exercises on gait and balance control in children and preadolescents with acquired or congenital visual impairment. This randomized controlled trial will be conducted in three phases, starting with a cross-sectional analysis, followed by a pilot study, and concluding with a full-scale clinical trial. The study will be conducted following approval from the institutional review board of Universidade Evangélica de Anápolis, Anápolis, GO, Brazil (certificate number:4610052.6.0000.5076). The study will be divided into three phases. Phase 1 will be a cross-sectional study to characterize gait, postural control and balance (static and dynamic) in the sample. Phase 2 will be a pilot study that will serve to determine the sample size in Phase 3. Both phases 2 and 3 will employ the same methods and will constitute a randomized, controlled, double- blind, clinical trial. The participants will be randomly divided into four groups: (G1) active tDCS + static proprioceptive exercises; (G2) sham tDCS + static proprioceptive exercises; (G3) active tDCS + dynamic proprioceptive exercises; (G4) sham tDCS + dynamic proprioceptive exercises. The results will be based on evaluations performed on three occasions [preintervention, postintervention (after ten treatment sessions) and 1-month follow-up] and will involve three-dimensional gait analysis as well as assessments of functional mobility functional and balance (static and dynamic). The expected outcomes of this study protocol include determining the postural differences, functional mobility, and static balance between children and pre-adolescents with congenital and acquired visual impairment and enable the establishment of new rehabilitation protocols.</p>","PeriodicalId":73102,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in rehabilitation sciences","volume":"6 ","pages":"1465846"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12176862/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144334577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Barriers and opportunities to bridge between hospital and community via rehabilitation exercises for people with disabilities: multi-ministerial R&D efforts in South Korea.","authors":"Hogene Kim, Aerim Kim, Hye Min Choi, Jungah Lee, Jung Hwan Kim, Hyosun Kweon","doi":"10.3389/fresc.2025.1505943","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fresc.2025.1505943","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>People with disabilities often experience limited participation in community-based exercise activities aimed at promoting health. The concept that \"Exercise is Medicine\" is widely acknowledged across societies and historical periods. However, there is a notable discontinuity between hospital-based and community-based health promotion efforts for people with disabilities. This article discusses multi-ministerial research and development (R&D) efforts in South Korea to address this issue, emphasizing the need for transitional strategies to successfully bridge the service gap. As the first collaborative multi-ministerial R&D initiative between the sports and clinical ministries in South Korea, this project focuses on community-based rehabilitation exercises through three major components: (1) Smart Exercise Equipment, (2) Disability-based Exercise Programs and Services, and (3) Data Continuity on Health Information. A standardized community rehabilitation exercise dataset was also developed to evaluate activities of daily living, primarily categorized into physiological outcomes during exercises, clinical assessments, and lifelog data measurements. The National Rehabilitation Center, under the Ministry of Health & Welfare and serving as the leading ministry, is dedicated to developing a rehabilitation exercise Living Lab that integrates these three components in collaboration with other ministries. This initiative aims to benefit people with disabilities by enhancing their health through data-driven rehabilitation exercise services. Furthermore, clinicians and community rehabilitation exercise providers could improve services by utilizing this standardized dataset, facilitating comparisons of clinical records through a public service platform.</p>","PeriodicalId":73102,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in rehabilitation sciences","volume":"6 ","pages":"1505943"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12174394/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144327957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Virtual reality as a potential therapy in a rehabilitation sanatorium for patients after ischemic stroke: impact on quality of life and social participation-a randomized trial.","authors":"Marcela Dabrowská, Lucie Honzíková, Dalibor Pastucha, Miroslav Janura, Hana Tomášková, Iva Fiedorová, Šárka A Čechová, Jana Trdá, Milan Elfmark","doi":"10.3389/fresc.2025.1539175","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fresc.2025.1539175","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of this study was to determine whether adding virtual reality therapy to conventional rehabilitation improves the quality of life, cognitive functions, and social participation of patients after an ischemic stroke.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Randomized controlled study conducted in a rehabilitation center.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>The experimental group with therapy in virtual reality included 25 patients (age 59.4 ± 8.9 years), and the control group with conventional therapy consisted of 25 patients (age 63.0 ± 8.8 years). Inclusion criteria for the study were: age 40-79 years, stable condition, Mini-Mental State Examination >25 points, intact vision, preserved grip function of the thumb and index finger of the affected limb, functional mobility according to the functional ambulatory category (FAC) 3-5, and no other neurological disease.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The Mini Mental State Examination, the Barthel Index, the Extended Barthel Index, and the WHO Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0 were used to assess cognitive function, quality of life, and self-sufficiency. Based on the results of normality test were used: <i>t</i>-test for two samples (age, time since stroke), the chi-square test (gender), nonparametric paired Wilcoxon test and Mann-Whitney <i>U</i> test. Friedman analysis was used to analyze repeated measures and a <i>post hoc</i> test Scheffe test was used to compare differences. Statistical tests were evaluated at the 5% significance level.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No significant differences were found between the experimental and control groups in any of the tests applied after treatment. Significant differences emerged after treatment in all WHODAS domains studied for each group compared to the measurement before therapy. In the experimental group, the positive effects of therapy persisted 1 year after the end of therapy compared to the measurement before therapy.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Virtual reality has proven to be a suitable adjunct to conventional therapy for post stroke patients and offers an advantage over traditional rehabilitation methods in that it allows training in activities of daily living that are not commonly available in a hospital setting.</p>","PeriodicalId":73102,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in rehabilitation sciences","volume":"6 ","pages":"1539175"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12171302/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144318871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Harnessing AI for aphasia: a case report on ChatGPT's role in supporting written expression.","authors":"Avery K Allen, Christine Brennan, Christina Riseman, Holly Kleiber, Allison I Hilger","doi":"10.3389/fresc.2025.1600145","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fresc.2025.1600145","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Aphasia is associated with impairments in written language, including difficulty with sentence formulation, word finding, and editing. While writing aids show promise, artificial intelligence (AI) tools, such as large language models (LLMs), offer new opportunities for individuals with language-based writing challenges.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This case report describes the use of the LLM, ChatGPT, to improve accuracy, complexity, and productivity in an adult with aphasia. The intervention combined self-genrated content with AI-assisted editing, guided by a visual flow char and structured prompts. Writing samples were analyzed for sentence count, complexity, and errors, while the patient's attitudes toward writing were evaluated through surveys.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>When using ChatGPT, the patient produced more sentences with fewer errors, while self-written samples showed reduced total errors but decreased sentence production and increased sentence length and syntactic complexity. Although the patient required clinician prompting and modeling to use ChatGPT effectively, he developed greater independence and confidence over time. One year later, he reported continued use of ChatGPT for creative and communicative tasks.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>This case highlights how AI tools can enhance written communication and promote participation in meaningful activities for individuals with aphasia, especially those with prior experience using technology.</p>","PeriodicalId":73102,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in rehabilitation sciences","volume":"6 ","pages":"1600145"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12163031/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144303839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of factors influencing satisfaction with vocational rehabilitation services for young persons with disabilities in Sweden.","authors":"Johanna Gustafsson, Ingrid Witte","doi":"10.3389/fresc.2025.1573753","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fresc.2025.1573753","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The purpose of this study is to identify what factors influence user satisfaction with vocational rehabilitation services among service users in a Swedish context.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In a randomized control trial, ordinal logistic regression was applied to a dataset of 631 completed questionnaires about the support provided in three different vocational rehabilitation programmes in Sweden-Supported Employment, Case Management and Regular Vocational Rehabilitation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The factors Person-centeredness, Trust in Support Persons, and Experience that the activities help with getting a job were significant factors of satisfaction among service users. The ordinal logistic regression model explained between 34.3% and 49.9% of the variance in the material, depending on the pseudo R²-measure used.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Service users who experience vocational support as person-centered, experienced trust in their support persons and that vocational rehabilitation activities help with getting a job are more satisfied with the vocational rehabilitation services than are other service users, independent of the vocational rehabilitation models used. Therefore, a person-centered approach is relevant to include in models' development and service design of vocational rehabilitation.</p>","PeriodicalId":73102,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in rehabilitation sciences","volume":"6 ","pages":"1573753"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12162581/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144303836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum: Enhancing shared street accessibility in heritage sites for individuals with visual disabilities: a Canadian perspective.","authors":"","doi":"10.3389/fresc.2025.1629020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fresc.2025.1629020","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fresc.2024.1419446.].</p>","PeriodicalId":73102,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in rehabilitation sciences","volume":"6 ","pages":"1629020"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12162668/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144303838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a mobile APP to promote physical activity in individuals with knee osteoarthritis: the \"Move for Knee\"™ study protocol.","authors":"Sara Liguori, Viviana Andreozzi, Antimo Moretti, Roberta Angari, Marco Paoletta, Giovanni Iolascon, Francesca Gimigliano","doi":"10.3389/fresc.2025.1540320","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fresc.2025.1540320","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In modern society, physical activity is essential for maintaining both physical and mental health, particularly as technological advancements have contributed to a sedentary lifestyle. The World Health Organization recommends a minimum of 150 minutes of moderate exercise weekly for adults; however, many individuals, especially those with knee osteoarthritis (KOA), do not meet these guidelines. KOA, the most common form of arthritis, affects millions globally and leads to significant disability, pain, and reduced quality of life. The condition is exacerbated by sedentary behavior and high body mass index (BMI). Educational interventions promoting lifestyle changes, including increased physical activity, have shown effectiveness in managing KOA. To address the low adherence rates to physical activity guidelines among KOA patients, the \"Move for Knee\"™ mobile app was developed. This app offers personalized exercise programs based on user-input data about lifestyle and activity levels, aiming to enhance patient engagement and adherence. Its features include exercise tracking, real-time monitoring, and communication with healthcare providers through an integrated chat function. A randomized controlled trial (RCT) will evaluate the app's efficacy in improving pain, function, and quality of life among individuals aged 45-70 with KOA. The study will compare outcomes from users of the app against a control group receiving standard advice on physical activity. Preliminary expectations suggest that the app will improve adherence to exercise recommendations and overall management of KOA, while also providing cost-effective healthcare solutions. The ultimate goal is to empower patients, enhance their self-management capabilities, and improve their overall health outcomes through an innovative, technology-driven approach. Future research will focus on assessing the app's clinical effectiveness and usability across various patient demographics.</p>","PeriodicalId":73102,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in rehabilitation sciences","volume":"6 ","pages":"1540320"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12162975/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144303837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of robotic-assisted gait training on functional independence measure scores in patients with acquired brain injury: retrospective study.","authors":"Andrea M Ethier, Luis A Escalante, Nathan West, Christina M Kwasnica","doi":"10.3389/fresc.2025.1575148","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fresc.2025.1575148","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Many individuals with acquired brain injury require inpatient rehabilitation services. Robotic devices, including robotic exoskeletons for gait training, have been shown to optimize rehabilitation efforts and functional outcomes. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of robotic-assisted gait training using the Ekso GT robotic-assisted gait training device (Ekso Bionics) on Functional Independence Measure (FIM) scores in patients with subacute acquired brain injuries.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study assessed patients who participated in traditional physical therapy during an acute neurological rehabilitation stay; study group participants also received at least 3 robotic-assisted gait training sessions during their rehabilitation stay. Patient medical records were reviewed retrospectively to collect patient demographic and clinical data, including patient age and sex, admission date, acquired brain injury category, number of robotic-assisted gait training sessions and session details, length of stay, and admission and discharge FIM overall scores, as well as the scores for the gait, transfer, motor, and cognition FIM subscales. Change in FIM score was used as the primary outcome measure.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study group and the control group each included 56 patients (study group: 44 patients with cerebrovascular accident, 12 with traumatic brain injury; control group: 45 patients with cerebrovascular accident, 11 with traumatic brain injury). Summary statistics revealed similar characteristics between the groups in all areas except mean length of stay, which was significantly longer in the study group (<i>P</i> = 0.04) compared to the control group. Analysis of variance was used to assess the treatment effect between the study and control groups; no significant difference was found between the 2 groups in change in FIM scores between admission and discharge. Regression analysis showed a significant difference between the baseline and discharge scores in the study group for all 5 FIM categories assessed (overall, gait, transfer, motor, and cognition).</p><p><strong>Discussion/conclusion: </strong>These results indicate that robotic walking devices, when used for gait training in patients with acquired brain injury, led to similar improvements in FIM scores compared with traditional gait training. No negative effects were observed associated with the use of this robotic walking device in patients recovering from acquired brain injury.</p>","PeriodicalId":73102,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in rehabilitation sciences","volume":"6 ","pages":"1575148"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12146194/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144259529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}