Frontiers in rehabilitation sciences最新文献

{"title":"Aligning metrics with meaning: considerations for measurement selection in disability evaluation.","authors":"Elizabeth Marfeo, Elizabeth K Rasch, Kathleen Coale, Julia Porcino, Leighton Chan","doi":"10.3389/fresc.2025.1657105","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fresc.2025.1657105","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This article explores the role of patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) in disability evaluation, a measurement domain traditionally dominated by clinical performance-based assessments. While performance tests are valued for their perceived objectivity, PROMs have gained prominence in research for their efficiency, patient-centered orientation, and capacity to capture subjective experiences relevant to functional decline related to potentially disabling conditions. The manuscript underscores the importance of aligning measurement tools with the specific purpose of evaluation-whether clinical, policy-driven, or programmatic. Using the Work Disability Functional Assessment Battery (WD-FAB) as an illustrative case, it compares the strengths and limitations of PROMs and performance-based tools in evaluating mental and physical function in the context of disability assessment. PROMs such as the WD-FAB can systematically and efficiently generate scores that represent function across multiple domains of function (e.g., mood and emotion, mobility, cognition) and are particularly well-suited for detecting change over time in large-scale applications. In contrast, performance-based assessments, while useful in certain clinical scenarios, are often resource-intensive and may not accurately reflect real-world functioning. The paper argues that although PROMs should not replace performance measures entirely, they represent a valuable and often preferable alternative or complement in many disability evaluation contexts. Ultimately, the choice of assessment tool should consider the intended use, resource constraints, and the need for comprehensive, patient-centered data.</p>","PeriodicalId":73102,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in rehabilitation sciences","volume":"6 ","pages":"1657105"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12391044/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144981060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novel magnetic resonance imaging methodology for dynamic visualization of respiratory thoracic motion: a pilot feasibility study.","authors":"Masaaki Kobayashi, Hideyuki Fukubayashi, Katsuma Iwai, Kazumo Miura, Akio Yamamoto, Kumiko Ono, Akinori Miki, Takashi Ueguchi, Akira Ishikawa","doi":"10.3389/fresc.2025.1540183","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fresc.2025.1540183","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Positional management is important in respiratory rehabilitation. Current magnetic resonance (MR) imaging techniques for visualizing respiratory mechanics are limited by external pressure from receiver coils or spatial restrictions within the bore, and there is no established method for visualizing respiratory movements in the semi-prone position. Therefore, we aimed to develop a novel MR imaging and analysis method for visualizing thoracic movements during free breathing, enabling assessment of positional effects.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Five healthy male participants were enrolled. MR images were obtained in the supine and semi-prone positions using a fast imaging sequence, allowing for continuous dynamic imaging during deep breathing. Subsequently, an image processing pipeline was applied to enhance visibility. The thoracic expansion was measured and compared between the two positions. Intra- and interobserver reproducibility and test-retest reproducibility were assessed using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The proposed method enabled successful dynamic visualization of thoracic movements without using a receiver coil. A significant difference in thoracic expansion between the supine and semi-prone positions was observed in the head-foot and right-left directions. Head-foot expansion was greater in the supine position, while right-left expansion was greater in the semi-prone position. No significant differences were found in the anterior-posterior direction. Both intra- and interobserver reproducibility were high, with ICCs exceeding 0.9 for most thoracic expansion measurements. Test-retest reproducibility also demonstrated high agreement for most measurements, with ICCs ranging from 0.74 to 0.97 across different directions and positions.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The developed MR imaging method allows for noninvasive visualization of thoracic movements during natural breathing with robust reproducibility. This method could provide valuable insights into respiratory mechanics, supporting its clinical application in respiratory rehabilitation.</p>","PeriodicalId":73102,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in rehabilitation sciences","volume":"6 ","pages":"1540183"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12378630/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144980997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of emerging technologies in rehabilitation education and practice.","authors":"Cristina Dumitrescu","doi":"10.3389/fresc.2025.1655454","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fresc.2025.1655454","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73102,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in rehabilitation sciences","volume":"6 ","pages":"1655454"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12375567/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144981012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knee extensor training in patients with patellofemoral pain: a systematic review and synthesis.","authors":"Ted Gunhamn, Haris Pojskic, Sofia Ryman Augustsson","doi":"10.3389/fresc.2025.1641054","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fresc.2025.1641054","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This systematic review and synthesis aimed to describe the frequency and characteristics of knee extensor exercise prescriptions within patellofemoral pain (PFP) interventions and to assess the extent to which key training variables are reported. By doing so, it sought to inform and support more transparent and standardized reporting practices in exercise-based rehabilitation for individuals with PFP.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>This systematic review was conducted following PRISMA guidelines. A literature search was performed in January 2024 across Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL, and SportDiscus. Studies were included if they investigated interventions incorporating knee extensor exercises for PFP.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Seventy-nine studies met the inclusion criteria. The most commonly prescribed exercises were the straight leg raise, squat, and open-chain knee extension, typically performed as three sets of ten repetitions with bodyweight resistance. However, key training variables such as range of motion and intensity were often inadequately reported, limiting reproducibility and clinical applicability.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Knee extensor training for PFP predominantly consists of low-load, moderate-volume exercises, differing from conventional strength training recommendations. The lack of detailed reporting on critical variables, such as intensity and range of motion, reduces the clarity and applicability of rehabilitation protocols. Standardized reporting and further research are needed to optimize exercise prescription for PFP management.</p>","PeriodicalId":73102,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in rehabilitation sciences","volume":"6 ","pages":"1641054"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12377044/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144980911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and validation of a sliding type continuous passive motion automation device for evaluation and rehabilitation of frozen shoulder: a pilot study.","authors":"Jewoo Lee, Sung-Sik Yun, Kyung Rok Oh, Sun Gun Chung, Wonjae Hwang, Keewon Kim, Kyu-Jin Cho","doi":"10.3389/fresc.2025.1639249","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fresc.2025.1639249","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Frozen shoulder (FS) is a condition that results in pain and restricted range of motion (ROM) in the shoulder joint, impacting daily activities. Current rehabilitation methods, including physical therapy and passive range of motion (PROM) exercise, can be limited by cost and availability. This study aimed to develop and test a novel robotic CPM device capable of measuring joint stiffness and improving accessibility and self-exercise effectiveness for FS patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A 3-armed randomized clinical trial was conducted with 12 FS patients allocated into three groups: (1) hot pack treatment (negative control), (2) PROM by physiotherapists (active control), and (3) robotic CPM device-assisted exercise (intervention). ROM, pain levels using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), and the Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI) were measured at baseline, immediately post-intervention, and after a 6-week follow-up. A linear mixed model was applied for inter-group and intra-group analyses. Torque and stiffness were calculated using sensor data collected by the robotic device and Inertial Measurement Units (IMUs) for precise monitoring.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The intervention group showed significant improvement in ROM compared to the negative control group, particularly in external rotation (p = 0.022). Intra-group analysis for the intervention group revealed average ROM increases of <math><msup><mn>14.52</mn> <mo>∘</mo></msup> </math> , <math><msup><mn>16.72</mn> <mo>∘</mo></msup> </math> , and <math><msup><mn>14.19</mn> <mo>∘</mo></msup> </math> for flexion, abduction, and external rotation, respectively. Passive stiffness in the intervention group significantly decreased in abduction (p = 0.010) and external rotation (p < 0.001). Pain levels and SPADI scores decreased across all groups, with no statistically significant differences noted between the intervention and the postive control groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The developed robotic CPM device demonstrated potential in improving ROM and reducing passive stiffness in FS patients, showing comparable results to therapist-assisted exercise. While the device enhances accessibility and self-monitoring capabilities, further studies are required to validate its use in home settings and assess its impact on long-term motivation for self-exercise.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial registration: </strong>The clinical trial was approved and registered under Seoul National University Hospital Institutional Review Board (IRB No. 2206-161-1335).</p>","PeriodicalId":73102,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in rehabilitation sciences","volume":"6 ","pages":"1639249"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12375683/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144980689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Navigating life after multiple amputations: a qualitative exploration of rehabilitation and everyday challenges in Norway.","authors":"Nina Enersen, Daniel Løke, Kirsti Skavberg Roaldsen, Randi Sviland","doi":"10.3389/fresc.2025.1542441","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fresc.2025.1542441","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Multiple amputations are a rare outcome following critical illness or injury, with significant impacts on the lives of those affected. This study aimed to explore and describe experiences of everyday life and municipal rehabilitation services among individuals with multiple amputations after their discharge from specialized rehabilitation in Norway.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A qualitative research design was used with a lifeworld phenomenology perspective. Data were collected through individual, semi-structured interviews with five community-dwelling adults-one man and four women-who had multiple amputations, including at least one upper extremity. Data were analyzed using systematic text condensation.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>Four categories emerged to describe the challenges of living with multiple amputations: \"Navigating Dependence and Bodily Limitations\", \"Challenges in Regaining Autonomy\", \"Rehabilitation Challenges and Adjusting Expectations\", and \"Adapting to a New Normal\".</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Participants experienced dependence, vulnerability, and a restricted lifeworld. The contrast between life with and without prosthetics underscores their vital role in autonomy. Unmet expectations of local rehabilitation services reveal structural barriers. The study highlights their experiences, advocating a lifeworld perspective to improve rehabilitation services.</p>","PeriodicalId":73102,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in rehabilitation sciences","volume":"6 ","pages":"1542441"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12367650/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144980849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Need-based remote exercise management platform for colorectal cancer patients with intestinal stoma: design and pilot usability evaluation.","authors":"Cui Yao, Lingyu Ding, Jing Yang, Yueming Sun","doi":"10.3389/fresc.2025.1633231","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fresc.2025.1633231","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To develop and evaluate the usability of a comprehensive remote management platform specifically designed to promote exercise among colorectal cancer patients with intestinal stomas.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We employed a multifaceted approach to platform development, integrating systematic literature reviews, semi-structured patient interviews, healthcare provider consultations, and interdisciplinary expert panel discussions to identify the unique exercise management needs of colorectal cancer patients with intestinal stomas. Based on these comprehensive needs assessments, we constructed a specialized remote exercise management platform. Platform usability was subsequently evaluated using the validated System Usability Scale (SUS).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The finalized platform architecture comprised two interconnected interfaces: a patient-centered portal and a healthcare provider administrative system. Usability evaluation was completed by 62 colorectal cancer patients with intestinal stomas, yielding a mean SUS score of 88.39 ± 3.65, substantially exceeding benchmark standards for digital healthcare applications.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The developed platform demonstrates exceptional usability while offering comprehensive functionality, evidence-based content with rigorous medical validation, and robust security features. This technological solution provides a practical framework for enhancing exercise management quality in colorectal cancer patients with intestinal stomas and establishes a blueprint for similar applications addressing postoperative rehabilitation needs in other clinical populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":73102,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in rehabilitation sciences","volume":"6 ","pages":"1633231"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12364807/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144980886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inter-rater and intra-rater reliability of the Chinese version of the short orientation-memory-concentration test in people with stroke.","authors":"Jiang-Li Zhao, Pei-Ming Chen, Tao Zhang, Hao Xie, Yu-Shu Zhang, Shamay S M Ng, Yu-Rong Mao, Dong-Feng Huang","doi":"10.3389/fresc.2025.1614305","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fresc.2025.1614305","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to use three statistical methods to investigate the inter-rater and intra-rater reliability of the Chinese version of the Short Orientation-Memory-Concentration Test (C-SOMC) for people who have had a stroke.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Forty-four participants (31 men and 13 women) with a mean age of 59.05 ± 10.79 years who have had experienced a single episode of stroke were enrolled in this study. To determine the inter-rater reliability of the C-SOMC, the test was administered to each participant on the same day by two raters (A and B) who each had more than 1 year of work experience. To determine intra-rater reliability, rater B re-evaluated 36 of the 44 participants with the C-SOMC on the subsequent day. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs), paired-samples t-tests, and Bland-Altman plots were used to analyze the inter-rater and intra-rater reliability.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The evaluation of inter-rater reliability for the total score and item 1, 4, 5, 6, and 3/7 showed respective ICCs of 0.959, 0.918, 1.000, 0.942, 0.905 and 0.913, indicating excellent inter-rater reliability for the C-SOMC. Item 2 had an ICC of 0.796, indicating moderate to good inter-rater reliability. The evaluation of intra-rater reliability showed an ICC of 0.978 for the total score, and respective ICCs of 1.000, 1.000, 1.000, 0.968, 0.973 and 0.929 for the individual items, indicating excellent intra-rater reliability for the C-SOMC. The paired-samples <i>t</i>-test for the C-SOMC showed no statistically significant differences (<i>P</i> > 0.05) between ratings made by two different raters or by the same rater on separate occasions. The minimal detectable change value at the 95% confidence threshold (MDC₉₅) of the SOMC score was found to be 2.14. Bland-Altman plots showed a mean difference of 0.02 and 95% limits of agreement (95% LOA) ranging from -3.86 to 3.90 for the inter-rater measurements and a mean difference of 0.33 and 95% LOA of -2.71 to 3.37 for the intra-rater measurements.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The C-SOMC demonstrated excellent inter-rater and intra-rater reliability when administered to people who have had a stroke. The C-SOMC may be used to screen for cognitive impairment in people who have had a stroke.</p>","PeriodicalId":73102,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in rehabilitation sciences","volume":"6 ","pages":"1614305"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12361128/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144980934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between weight-bearing ankle dorsiflexion range of motion during deep squat sitting and quality of life after ankle fracture surgery: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Hayato Miyasaka, Bungo Ebihara, Takashi Fukaya, Koichi Iwai, Shigeki Kubota, Hirotaka Mutsuzaki","doi":"10.3389/fresc.2025.1645621","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fresc.2025.1645621","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Ankle fracture is a common type of trauma. Although ankle fractures reduce the quality of life (QOL), few studies have investigated this factor, and even fewer have investigated the impact of postoperative physical function on reduced QOL. We aimed to clarify the physical factors that affect the QOL after ankle fracture surgery.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study included 32 patients who underwent surgery for ankle fractures. QOL was assessed using the Self-Administered Foot Evaluation Questionnaire (SAFE-Q). Ankle dorsiflexion range of motion (ROM) was measured with and without weight bearing. The weight-bearing ankle dorsiflexion ROM was measured using four methods: measuring the rear ankle with the knee extended and flexed, measuring the front ankle, and measuring the ankle during deep squat sitting. Gait parameters were measured using a three-dimensional motion analyzer. Multivariate analysis was performed using the four subscales of the SAFE-Q (pain and pain-related, physical functioning and daily living, social functioning, and general health and well-being) as dependent variables.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The multivariate analysis revealed that weight-bearing ankle dorsiflexion ROM during deep squat sitting was an independent variable for pain and pain-related [standardized partial regression coefficient (<i>β</i>) = 0.584, <i>P</i> < 0.001], physical functioning and daily living (<i>β</i> = 0.376; <i>P</i> = 0.006), social functioning (<i>β</i> = 0.317; <i>P</i> = 0.045), and general health and well-being (<i>β</i> = 0.483; <i>P</i> = 0.005). Gait speed was selected as an independent variable for physical functioning and daily living (<i>β</i> = 0.555; <i>P</i> < 0.001) and social functioning (<i>β</i> = 0.514; <i>P</i> = 0.002).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Weight-bearing ankle dorsiflexion ROM during deep squat sitting and gait speed were associated with QOL of patients after ankle fracture surgery. These findings may inform treatment programs to improve QOL after ankle fractures and provide the theoretical background necessary for the development of new treatments.</p>","PeriodicalId":73102,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in rehabilitation sciences","volume":"6 ","pages":"1645621"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12358486/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144884416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Content validity of mobility measures in arthrogryposis multiplex congenita: engaging clinicians and people with lived experience.","authors":"Ahlam Zidan, Laurie Snider, Jaclyn Sions, Kristen Donlevie, Alexa Cirillo, Verity Pacey, Noémi Dahan-Oliel","doi":"10.3389/fresc.2025.1576267","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fresc.2025.1576267","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Lower-extremity impairment is prevalent in children with Arthrogryposis multiplex congenita (AMC), frequently leading to mobility limitations. Without AMC-specific assessment tools, clinicians and researchers often employ tools that have not been formally validated for the AMC population. This study aims to establish the content validity of commonly used mobility measures in children with AMC following the COnsensus-based Standards for health Measurement INstruments (COSMIN) and the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF) framework.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Items from the measures \"Functional Mobility Scale (FMS), Gillette Functional Assessment Questionnaire (FAQ), Functional Independence Measure for Children (WeeFIM), and Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS)\" were linked to the ICF categories using the refined linking rules of the ICF. Three raters conducted independent linking, and inter-rater reliability was calculated using the Kappa coefficient. An expert panel consisting of people with lived experience, clinicians and researchers reviewed the ICF codes identified by the raters and evaluated the comprehensibility, relevance, and comprehensiveness of the four measures using the COSMIN standards. The Content Validity Index (CVI) and modified Kappa (<i>k</i>*) were calculated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Inter-rater agreement was substantial [<i>κ</i> = 0.79, (95% CI: 0.78-0.84)]. Most concepts (84.4%) were linked to the \"Activities and Participation\" domain, with a limited representation of \"Environmental Factors\" (8.9%) and \"Body Functions\" (6.7%). The CVI and <i>k</i>* values for most measures indicated excellent content validity (0.91 to 1), except for the PROMIS Mobility Young Adult (≤0.82). The expert panel found that measures exhibited high comprehensibility and relevance, but comprehensiveness was insufficient. Most studied mobility measures missed concepts such as pain, fatigue, mobility aids, and compensatory strategies.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>FMS, FAQ, WeeFIM, and PROMIS (Parent Proxy/Pediatric) demonstrated good content validity. However, none of these measures fully address the full spectrum of mobility experiences in children with AMC. Incorporating missing concepts, such as environmental challenges, compensatory strategies, and pain, into existing or newly developed assessment tools is essential for providing a more holistic evaluation of functional mobility. Doing so will support more comprehensive clinical assessment, improve outcome tracking, and enhance care for children living with AMC.</p>","PeriodicalId":73102,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in rehabilitation sciences","volume":"6 ","pages":"1576267"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12358442/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144884433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}