Frontiers in public health services & systems research最新文献_第2页

Diffusion theory and knowledge dissemination, utilization and integration. 扩散理论与知识的传播、利用与整合。

Frontiers in public health services & systems research Pub Date : 2014-01-01 DOI: 10.13023/FPHSSR.0301.03

L. Green, J. Ottoson, César García, R. Hiatt, Maria L Roditis

{"title":"Diffusion theory and knowledge dissemination, utilization and integration.","authors":"L. Green, J. Ottoson, César García, R. Hiatt, Maria L Roditis","doi":"10.13023/FPHSSR.0301.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13023/FPHSSR.0301.03","url":null,"abstract":"Part of the Community Health and Preventive Medicine Commons, Health and Medical Administration Commons, Health Policy Commons, Health Services Administration Commons, Health Services Research Commons, and the Public Health Education and Promotion Commons. Many accomplishments of public health have been distributed unevenly among populations. This article reviews the concepts of applying evidence-based practice in public health in the face of the varied cultures and circumstances of practice in these varied populations. Key components of EBPH include: making decisions based on the best available scientific evidence, using data and information systems systematically, applying program planning frameworks, engaging the community and practitioners in decision making, conducting sound evaluation, and disseminating what is learned. The usual application of these principles has overemphasized the scientific evidence as the starting point, whereas this review suggests engaging the community and practitioners as an equally important starting point to assess their needs, assets and circumstances, which can be facilitated with program planning frameworks and use of local assessment and surveillance data.","PeriodicalId":73100,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in public health services & systems research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66693649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 41

The effect of race and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease on long-term survival after coronary artery bypass grafting. 种族和慢性阻塞性肺疾病对冠状动脉旁路移植术后长期生存的影响。

Frontiers in public health services & systems research Pub Date : 2013-04-03 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2013.00004

Jimmy T Efird, Wesley T O'Neal, Curtis A Anderson, Jason B O'Neal, Linda C Kindell, T Bruce Ferguson, W Randolph Chitwood, Alan P Kypson

{"title":"The effect of race and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease on long-term survival after coronary artery bypass grafting.","authors":"Jimmy T Efird, Wesley T O'Neal, Curtis A Anderson, Jason B O'Neal, Linda C Kindell, T Bruce Ferguson, W Randolph Chitwood, Alan P Kypson","doi":"10.3389/fpubh.2013.00004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2013.00004","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a known predictor of decreased long-term survival after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Differences in survival by race have not been examined. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted of CABG patients between 2002 and 2011. Long-term survival was compared in patients with and without COPD and stratified by race. Hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were computed using a Cox regression model. Results: A total of 984 (20%) patients had COPD (black n = 182; white n = 802) at the time of CABG (N = 4,801). The median follow-up for study participants was 4.4 years. COPD was observed to be a statistically significant predictor of decreased survival independent of race following CABG (no COPD: HR = 1.0; white COPD: adjusted HR = 1.9, 95% CI = 1.7–2.3; black COPD: adjusted HR = 1.6, 95% CI = 1.1–2.2). Conclusion: Contrary to the expected increased risk of mortality among black COPD patients in the general population, a similar survival disadvantage was not observed in our CABG population.","PeriodicalId":73100,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in public health services & systems research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3389/fpubh.2013.00004","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"31715059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 22

Carrots, Sticks and False Carrots: How high should weight control wellness incentives be? Findings from a population-level experiment. 胡萝卜，大棒和假胡萝卜:控制体重的健康激励应该有多高?一项人口水平实验的结果。

Frontiers in public health services & systems research Pub Date : 2013-01-01

Harald Schmidt

{"title":"Carrots, Sticks and False Carrots: How high should weight control wellness incentives be? Findings from a population-level experiment.","authors":"Harald Schmidt","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Employers are increasingly using wellness incentives, including penalties for unhealthy behavior. Survey data suggests that people are willing to accept the principle of penalizing those perceived to take health risks, but the equally relevant question of the magnitude of acceptable penalties is unclear. While the principle of penalizing overweight and obese people has some support, findings from a population-level experiment (n=1,000) suggest that the acceptable size of penalties is comparatively small, around $50: more than 10-fold below levels favored by advocates. Reward-based incentives are favored over penalty-based ones by a factor of 4. Of two different ways of framing penalty programs, poorer and higher weight groups appear to find the one that is more overtly penalizing less acceptable. Levels of incentives matter on effectiveness as well as on ethical grounds, as it cannot be assumed that it is equally easy for all to meet health targets to secure a benefit or avoid a penalty. Programs should be designed to engage, not to frustrate those most in need of health improvement. Employee involvement in determining incentive types and levels, and explicit justification for program design can help both employees and employers to reap benefits.</p>","PeriodicalId":73100,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in public health services & systems research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4280852/pdf/nihms-557783.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32948533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Carrots, Sticks and False Carrots: How high should weight control wellness incentives be? Findings from a population-level experiment. 胡萝卜，大棒和假胡萝卜:控制体重的健康激励应该有多高?一项人口水平实验的结果。

Frontiers in public health services & systems research Pub Date : 2013-01-01 DOI: 10.13023/FPHSSR.0201.02

H. Schmidt

{"title":"Carrots, Sticks and False Carrots: How high should weight control wellness incentives be? Findings from a population-level experiment.","authors":"H. Schmidt","doi":"10.13023/FPHSSR.0201.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13023/FPHSSR.0201.02","url":null,"abstract":"Employers are increasingly using wellness incentives, including penalties for unhealthy behavior. Survey data suggests that people are willing to accept the principle of penalizing those perceived to take health risks, but the equally relevant question of the magnitude of acceptable penalties is unclear. While the principle of penalizing overweight and obese people has some support, findings from a population-level experiment (n=1,000) suggest that the acceptable size of penalties is comparatively small, around $50: more than 10-fold below levels favored by advocates. Reward-based incentives are favored over penalty-based ones by a factor of 4. Of two different ways of framing penalty programs, poorer and higher weight groups appear to find the one that is more overtly penalizing less acceptable. Levels of incentives matter on effectiveness as well as on ethical grounds, as it cannot be assumed that it is equally easy for all to meet health targets to secure a benefit or avoid a penalty. Programs should be designed to engage, not to frustrate those most in need of health improvement. Employee involvement in determining incentive types and levels, and explicit justification for program design can help both employees and employers to reap benefits.","PeriodicalId":73100,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in public health services & systems research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66691640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 10

Local Health Department Provision of WIC Services Relative to Local "Need"- Examining 3 States and 5 Years. 地方卫生部门提供的与当地"需要"相关的WIC服务——考察3个州和5年。

Frontiers in public health services & systems research Pub Date : 2012-04-01 DOI: 10.13023/FPHSSR.0101.02

B. Bekemeier, M. Bryan, M. Dunbar, Christina I. Fowler

引用次数: 5

Local Health Department Provision of WIC Services Relative to Local "Need"- Examining 3 States and 5 Years. 地方卫生部门提供的与当地"需要"相关的WIC服务——考察3个州和5年。

Frontiers in public health services & systems research Pub Date : 2012-04-01

Betty Bekemeier, Matthew Bryan, Matthew D Dunbar, Chris Fowler

引用次数: 0