Frontiers in nuclear medicine (Lausanne, Switzerland)最新文献

{"title":"Biodosimetry, can it find its way to the nuclear medicine clinic?","authors":"Julie Bolcaen, Nastassja Combrink, Kaat Spoormans, Stuart More, Charlot Vandevoorde, Randall Fisher, Janke Kleynhans","doi":"10.3389/fnume.2023.1209823","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnume.2023.1209823","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Personalised dosimetry based on molecular imaging is a field that has grown exponentially in the last decade due to the increasing success of Radioligand Therapy (RLT). Despite advances in imaging-based 3D dose estimation, the administered dose of a therapeutic radiopharmaceutical for RLT is often non-personalised, with standardised dose regimens administered every 4-6 weeks. Biodosimetry markers, such as chromosomal aberrations, could be used alongside image-based dosimetry as a tool for individualised dose estimation to further understand normal tissue toxicity and refine the administered dose. In this review we give an overview of biodosimetry markers that are used for blood dose estimation, followed by an overview of their current results when applied in RLT patients. Finally, an in-depth discussion will provide a perspective on the potential for the use of biodosimetry in the nuclear medicine clinic.</p>","PeriodicalId":73095,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in nuclear medicine (Lausanne, Switzerland)","volume":" ","pages":"1209823"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11440959/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41972154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Radiopharmaceutical extravasations: a twenty year mini-review.","authors":"Dustin R Osborne","doi":"10.3389/fnume.2023.1219202","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnume.2023.1219202","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Interest and research into radiopharmaceutical extravasation concepts has risen with the increase in use of radiopharmaceutical therapies, growing access to novel molecular imaging agents, and recent regulatory controversies. This mini-review will examine the literature of the last twenty years to summarize the history of radiopharmaceutical extravasations, determine key trends in imaging and therapies, and highlight critical gaps in research that currently exist. The intent of this work is to provide a summary of this complex topic that helps build awareness and promotes new innovations in this interesting aspect of theranostic radiopharmaceuticals.</p>","PeriodicalId":73095,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in nuclear medicine (Lausanne, Switzerland)","volume":"1 1","pages":"1219202"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11459986/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41644121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tumor microenvironment and fibroblast activation protein inhibitor (FAPI) PET: developments toward brain imaging.","authors":"Mehdi Djekidel, Rahaf Alsadi, Maya Abi Akl, Othmane Bouhali, Jim O'Doherty","doi":"10.3389/fnume.2023.1183471","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnume.2023.1183471","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fibroblast activation protein (FAP) is a type-II membrane bound glycoprotein specifically expressed by activated fibroblasts almost exclusively in pathological conditions including arthritis, fibrosis and cancer. FAP is overexpressed in cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) located in tumor stroma, and is known to be involved in a variety of tumor-promoting activities such as angiogenesis, proliferation, resistance to chemotherapy, extracellular matrix remodeling and immunosuppression. In most cancer types, higher FAP expression is associated with worse clinical outcomes, leading to the hypothesis that FAP activity is involved in cancer development, cancer cell migration, and cancer spread. Recently, various high selectivity FAP inhibitors (FAPIs) have been developed and subsequently used for positron emission tomography (PET) imaging of different pathologies. Considering the paucity of widely available and especially mainstream reliable radioligands in brain cancer PET imaging, and the poor survival rates of patients with certain types of brain cancer such as glioblastoma, FAPI-PET represents a major development in enabling the detection of small primary or metastatic lesions in the brain due to its biological characteristics and low background accumulation. In this work, we aim to summarize the potential avenues for use of FAPI-PET, from the basic biological processes to oncologic imaging and with a main focus on brain imaging.</p>","PeriodicalId":73095,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in nuclear medicine (Lausanne, Switzerland)","volume":" ","pages":"1183471"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11440979/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48282309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The changing landscape of nuclear medicine and a new era: the \"NEW (Nu) CLEAR Medicine\": a framework for the future.","authors":"Mehdi Djekidel","doi":"10.3389/fnume.2023.1213714","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnume.2023.1213714","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nuclear Medicine is witnessing a revolution across a large spectrum of patient care applications, hardware, software and novel radiopharmaceuticals. We propose to offer a framework of the nuclear medicine practice of the future that incorporates multiple novelties and coined as the NEW (nu) Clear medicine. All these new developments offer a significant clarity and real clinical impact, and we need a concerted effort from all stakeholders in the field for bedside implementation and success.</p>","PeriodicalId":73095,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in nuclear medicine (Lausanne, Switzerland)","volume":" ","pages":"1213714"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11460298/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47411619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A brief overview of targeted radionuclide therapy trials in 2022.","authors":"Aidan Healy, Elaine Ho, Phillip Kuo, Katherine Zukotynski","doi":"10.3389/fnume.2023.1169650","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnume.2023.1169650","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>There is a growing use of radionuclide therapy for the medical care of oncology patients, where radioactive pharmaceuticals are used to target and treat various cancer types. This paper provides a brief overview illustrating the spectrum of ongoing and recently completed radionuclide therapy clinical trials in oncology. The trials selected highlight the potential of radionuclide therapies to provide a promising treatment option across a spectrum of cancer patients, while also discussing the importance of patient selection and monitoring, as well as potential side effects and safety concerns. Ultimately, the results of these trials will be crucial in determining the future use of radionuclide therapies in cancer treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":73095,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in nuclear medicine (Lausanne, Switzerland)","volume":" ","pages":"1169650"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11459975/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41633025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation and optimization of PET-guided SPECT reconstructions for improved radionuclide therapy dosimetry estimates.","authors":"Harry Marquis, Kathy P Willowson, C Ross Schmidtlein, Dale L Bailey","doi":"10.3389/fnume.2023.1124283","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnume.2023.1124283","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>To investigate and optimize the SPECTRE (Single Photon Emission Computed Theranostic REconstruction) reconstruction approach, using the hybrid kernelised expectation maximization (HKEM) algorithm implemented in the software for tomographic image reconstruction (STIR) software library, and to demonstrate the feasibility of performing algorithm exploration and optimization in 2D. Optimal SPECTRE parameters were investigated for the purpose of improving SPECT-based radionuclide therapy (RNT) dosimetry estimates.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Using the NEMA IEC body phantom as the test object, SPECT data were simulated to model an early and late imaging time point following a typical therapeutic dose of 8 GBq of ¹⁷⁷Lu. A theranostic ⁶⁸Ga PET-prior was simulated for the SPECTRE reconstructions. The HKEM algorithm parameter space was investigated for SPECT-unique and PET-SPECT mutual features to characterize optimal SPECTRE parameters for the simulated data. Mean and maximum bias, coefficient of variation (COV %), recovery, SNR and root-mean-square error (RMSE) were used to facilitate comparisons between SPECTRE reconstructions and OSEM reconstructions with resolution modelling (OSEM_RM). 2D reconstructions were compared to those performed in 3D in order to evaluate the utility of accelerated algorithm optimization in 2D. Segmentation accuracy was evaluated using a 42% fixed threshold (FT) on the 3D reconstructed data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>SPECTRE parameters that demonstrated improved image quality and quantitative accuracy were determined through investigation of the HKEM algorithm parameter space. OSEM_RM and SPECTRE reconstructions performed in 2D and 3D were qualitatively and quantitatively similar, with SPECTRE showing an average reduction in background COV % by a factor of 2.7 and 3.3 for the 2D case and 3D case respectively. The 42% FT analysis produced an average % volume difference from ground truth of 158% and 26%, for the OSEM_RM and SPECTRE reconstructions, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The SPECTRE reconstruction approach demonstrates significant potential for improved SPECT image quality, leading to more accurate RNT dosimetry estimates when conventional segmentation methods are used. Exploration and optimization of SPECTRE benefited from both fast reconstruction times afforded by first considering the 2D case. This is the first in-depth exploration of the SPECTRE reconstruction approach, and as such, it reveals several insights for reconstructing SPECT data using PET side information.</p>","PeriodicalId":73095,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in nuclear medicine (Lausanne, Switzerland)","volume":" ","pages":"1124283"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11460090/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45294159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic accuracy of the latest-generation digital PET/CT scanner for detection of metastatic lymph nodes in head and neck cancer.","authors":"Frederick Butt, Lillian Dominguez-Konicki, Noah Tocci, Joseph Paydarfar, Marc Seltzer, David Pastel","doi":"10.3389/fnume.2023.1184448","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnume.2023.1184448","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The aim of this retrospective analysis was to assess the diagnostic accuracy of the latest-generation digital positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) scanner in the detection of cervical lymph node metastasis in patients undergoing staging work-up for head and neck cancer.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A total of 55 consecutive patients with head and neck cancer at our institution who had a PET/CT after installation of the latest-generation PET/CT (Siemens Biograph Vision) who subsequently underwent surgical neck dissection were included. The nodal station location and number of reported PET/CT-positive metastatic lymph nodes were compared to a gold standard of final surgical pathology after neck dissection.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 188 neck levels and 1,373 lymph nodes were resected; 56 neck levels (118 nodes) in 31 (56%) patients contained nodal metastases on surgical pathology. On a nodal level-by-level analysis, the overall sensitivity for the detection of lymph node metastases on the latest-generation PET/CT scanner was 96.4% and the specificity was 86.4%. The sensitivity and specificity for the neck side analysis were 94.0% and 63.7%, and for the individual patient analysis were 100% and 71%, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In this single-institution study, latest-generation PET/CT had a high sensitivity and moderate to high specificity for detecting cervical node metastasis in head and neck cancer. Compared to data from older PET/CT scanners, the sensitivity of the latest-generation PET/CT was slightly higher, while the specificity was similar or slightly lower. Physicians involved in the management of head and neck cancer should be aware of possible changes in the overall diagnostic accuracy when changing to a latest-generation PET/CT scanner.</p>","PeriodicalId":73095,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in nuclear medicine (Lausanne, Switzerland)","volume":" ","pages":"1184448"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11440969/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44040322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and validation of radiomic signature for predicting overall survival in advanced-stage cervical cancer.","authors":"Ashish Kumar Jha, Sneha Mithun, Umeshkumar B Sherkhane, Vinay Jaiswar, Sneha Shah, Nilendu Purandare, Kumar Prabhash, Amita Maheshwari, Sudeep Gupta, Leonard Wee, V Rangarajan, Andre Dekker","doi":"10.3389/fnume.2023.1138552","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnume.2023.1138552","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The role of artificial intelligence and radiomics in prediction model development in cancer has been increasing every passing day. Cervical cancer is the 4th most common cancer in women worldwide, contributing to 6.5% of all cancer types. The treatment outcome of cervical cancer patients varies and individualized prediction of disease outcome is of paramount importance.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The purpose of this study is to develop and validate the digital signature for 5-year overall survival prediction in cervical cancer using robust CT radiomic and clinical features.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Pretreatment clinical features and CT radiomic features of 68 patients, who were treated with chemoradiation therapy in our hospital, were used in this study. Radiomic features were extracted using an in-house developed python script and pyradiomic package. Clinical features were selected by the recursive feature elimination technique. Whereas radiomic feature selection was performed using a multi-step process i.e., step-1: only robust radiomic features were selected based on our previous study, step-2: a hierarchical clustering was performed to eliminate feature redundancy, and step-3: recursive feature elimination was performed to select the best features for prediction model development. Four machine algorithms i.e., Logistic regression (LR), Random Forest (RF), Support vector classifier (SVC), and Gradient boosting classifier (GBC), were used to develop 24 models (six models using each algorithm) using clinical, radiomic and combined features. Models were compared based on the prediction score in the internal validation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The average prediction accuracy was found to be 0.65 (95% CI: 0.60-0.70), 0.72 (95% CI: 0.63-0.81), and 0.77 (95% CI: 0.72-0.82) for clinical, radiomic, and combined models developed using four prediction algorithms respectively. The average prediction accuracy was found to be 0.69 (95% CI: 0.62-0.76), 0.79 (95% CI: 0.72-0.86), 0.71 (95% CI: 0.62-0.80), and 0.72 (95% CI: 0.66-0.78) for LR, RF, SVC and GBC models developed on three datasets respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study shows the promising predictive performance of a robust radiomic signature to predict 5-year overall survival in cervical cancer patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":73095,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in nuclear medicine (Lausanne, Switzerland)","volume":"3 1","pages":"1138552"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11440856/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41476058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Case report: Intraosseous hibernoma (IOH) mimics osseous metastasis: another rare pitfall in FDG-PET-CT.","authors":"Sebastian J Stolte, Hanna Geiger, Flavio Forrer, Regulo Rodriguez, Joachim Müller","doi":"10.3389/fnume.2023.1150143","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnume.2023.1150143","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Intraosseous hibernoma (IOH) mimicking osseous metastasis is a rare and little-known pitfall in nuclear medicine and radiology. Referring to a clinical case, we show imaging features in FDG-PET and CT as well as pathological characteristics and discuss MRI and differential diagnoses. A 73-year-old woman was assigned for an FDG-PET/CT examination after the incidental finding of a suspicious pulmonary nodule. The FDG-PET/CT examination detected a small slightly FDG-avid pulmonary nodule suspicious for malignancy and a small slightly sclerotic lesion with mild FDG-uptake in the upper pubic bone. Histopathology revealed an intraosseous hibernoma, a rare benign soft-tissue tumor arising from brown fat. In the sparse literature available, intraosseous hibernomas may or may not be positive on bone scans. As in our case, most are slightly sclerotic on CT but lytic lesions have also been described. On MRI, they are T1 hypointense to subcutaneous fat and hyperintense to skeletal muscle; they are usually T2 hyperintense and may show peripheral contrast enhancement. According to the literature, IOHs are mostly incidental findings with solitary lesions in the spine, pelvis, ribs, or, very rarely, in the extremities with low to moderately increased glucose metabolism. IOHs present as painless tumors in general; a few painful cases could be successfully treated with radiofrequency ablation or surgery. Differential diagnoses include metastases, lymphoma, fibrous dysplasia, and non-ossifying fibroma among others. Intraosseous hibernoma is a rare benign tumor that can mimic metastases in FDG-PET, CT, bone scan, and MRI. IOHs might be indistinguishable from metastases or malignant lesions, which makes a biopsy or follow-up mandatory in clinically relevant cases. Given the benign nature of IOHs, radiofrequency ablation or surgery is only an option in symptomatic cases.</p>","PeriodicalId":73095,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in nuclear medicine (Lausanne, Switzerland)","volume":" ","pages":"1150143"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11440865/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41669490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Initial results of the INSPIRE clinical trial-investigating radiation dosimetry for differentiated thyroid cancer patients.","authors":"Jan Taprogge, Carla Abreu, Lenka Vávrová, Lily Carnegie-Peake, Dominic Rushforth, Paul Gape, Jonathan Gear, Iain Murray, Kee H Wong, Kate Newbold, Siraj Yusuf, Glenn Flux","doi":"10.3389/fnume.2023.964478","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnume.2023.964478","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The optimal strategy for differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) patients treated with radioiodine (RAI) following thyroidectomy remains controversial. Multi-centre clinical studies are essential to identify strategies to improve patient outcomes while minimising treatment-induced toxicity.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The INSPIRE clinical trial (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04391244) aims to investigate patient-specific dosimetry for DTC patients and to determine the range of absorbed doses delivered to target and non-target tissues and their relationship with treatment outcome and toxicity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We report here initial results of the first 30 patients enrolled onto the INSPIRE trial. A large range of absorbed doses are observed for both thyroid remnants and salivary glands, with median values of 4.8 Gy (Range 0.2 - 242 Gy) and 0.3 Gy (Range 0.1 to 1.7 Gy), respectively.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The preliminary study results are encouraging and could help to improve our understanding of absorbed doses to thyroid remnants and normal organs following RAI therapy. Such knowledge could potentially enable patient-specific treatment planning with improved clinical outcomes and quality-of-life of patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":73095,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in nuclear medicine (Lausanne, Switzerland)","volume":" ","pages":"964478"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11460299/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48693682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}