Frontiers in clinical diabetes and healthcare最新文献

{"title":"GLP-1 receptor agonists and pancreatic beta cell apoptosis in diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis of preclinical studies.","authors":"Nicolas Rea, Prakash V A K Ramdass","doi":"10.3389/fcdhc.2025.1579961","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fcdhc.2025.1579961","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a global health challenge characterized by progressive beta cell dysfunction. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) have emerged as promising therapies, enhancing insulin secretion while potentially preserving beta cell mass by inhibiting apoptosis. However, concerns persist regarding long-term beta cell adaptation and functional exhaustion. This meta-analysis synthesizes preclinical evidence to evaluate the effects of GLP-1RAs on beta cell apoptosis in DM.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Following PRISMA guidelines, we systematically searched Scopus, PubMed, Embase, and Google Scholar for preclinical studies assessing GLP-1RAs effects on human beta cell apoptosis. Five studies met inclusion criteria for meta-analysis. Data were extracted on apoptotic rates, and risk of bias was assessed using the OHAT tool. A random-effects model calculated pooled mean differences (MDs) in apoptosis, with sensitivity analyses and funnel plots evaluating robustness and publication bias.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>GLP-1RAs significantly reduced beta cell apoptosis (pooled MD: -0.10; 95% CI: -0.15 to -0.05, p = 0.0003), with high heterogeneity (I² = 100%). Sensitivity analyses confirmed consistency, with effect estimates ranging from -0.077 to -0.118 upon sequential study exclusion. Funnel plot and Egger's test (p = 0.80) indicated no significant publication bias, though limited study numbers constrain power.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>GLP-1RAs demonstrate a robust anti-apoptotic effect on pancreatic beta cells in preclinical models, supporting their role in preserving beta cell mass. However, extreme heterogeneity and unresolved questions about long-term functional exhaustion warrant cautious interpretation. Future research should prioritize longitudinal human studies to assess clinical relevance and optimize therapeutic strategies. Introduction.</p><p><strong>System review registration: </strong>https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/view/CRD42024516313, identifier CRD42024516313.</p>","PeriodicalId":73075,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in clinical diabetes and healthcare","volume":"6 ","pages":"1579961"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12420244/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145042480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Andalusian program for early detection of diabetic retinopathy: a population-based study.","authors":"Reyes Ravé Garcia, Pablo Rodríguez de Vera Gómez, Eduardo Mayoral Sánchez, Manuel Aguilar Diosdado, María Asunción Martínez-Brocca","doi":"10.3389/fcdhc.2025.1631252","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fcdhc.2025.1631252","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>To analyze the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the activity and outcomes of the Andalusian Program for Early Detection of Diabetic Retinopathy (APDR).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective observational study was conducted during 2018-2023. The following variables were analyzed annually: newly included patients, retinal photographs performed, and pathological findings categorized by severity. Moderate-to-severe non-proliferative and proliferative retinopathy were classified as vision-threatening diabetic retinopathy (VTDR).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In 2020 and 2021, the number of newly included patients (11,897 and 18,343, respectively) and retinal photographs performed (39,667 and 64,092, respectively) decreased compared to previous years (2018 and 2019: 25,940 and 30,807 new patients, respectively; 85,171 and 100,849 retinal photographs, respectively). In 2022, activity levels increased 160% compared to 2019. The proportion of VTDR cases remained stable at 0.163%, 0.14%, and 0.075% during 2021, 2022, and 2023, respectively, compared to the prepandemic period (0.168% and 0.117% in 2018 and 2019, respectively).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Despite the slowdown in activity during the COVID-19 pandemic, the post-pandemic proportion of VTDR cases diagnosed through the APDR remained stable, suggesting resilience against severe outcomes despite healthcare disruption. The program has demonstrated an effective recovery. Ongoing long-term monitoring is essential to fully assess the pandemic's potential impact on late-stage complications.</p>","PeriodicalId":73075,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in clinical diabetes and healthcare","volume":"6 ","pages":"1631252"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12390806/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144981144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global, regional and national burden of diabetes mellitus type 2 attributable to low physical activity from 1990 to 2021 and projections to 2050: a finding from the global burden of disease study 2021.","authors":"Ning Zhang, Xuan Qu, Lin Kang","doi":"10.3389/fcdhc.2025.1606330","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fcdhc.2025.1606330","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study aims to assess the global burden of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) attributable to low physical activity from 1990 to 2021 and forecast of its global burden by 2050 using GBD 2021 data.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>This study uses data from the GBD 2021 to examine the global burden of T2DM attributable to low physical activity, focusing on deaths, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), years lived with disability (YLDs), and Years of Life Lost (YLLs). Descriptive analysis was performed across gender, age, region, and country for 1990 and 2021, using age-standardized rates. Trend analysis assessed the average changes in these rates from 1990 to 2021 by calculating the estimated annual percentage change (EAPC). Projections for future burden were made using the exponential smoothing (ES) model and the autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>In 2021, T2DM attributed to low physical activity caused 149,214 deaths and 5,523,050 DALYs, with significant increases since 1990. Both age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) and age-standardized disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) rate (ASDR) rose, especially among females. The highest burden occurred in the 95+ and 70-74 age groups. High-SDI regions had the highest rates, with rapid increases in the high-middle SDI regions. Countries like the UAE, Montenegro, and Hungary showed the highest rates. Projections from 2022 to 2050 indicate a steady rise in deaths and DALYs, with a peak in 2050, though the rate of increase is slower according to the exponential smoothing model.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The burden of T2DM attributable to low physical activity has steadily increased, with concerning future trends.</p>","PeriodicalId":73075,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in clinical diabetes and healthcare","volume":"6 ","pages":"1606330"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12379646/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144981131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Case Report: Sustained weight loss and glycemic control from repeated long-term fasting in type 2 diabetes.","authors":"Marie Knufinke, Marco Lebbing, Robin Mesnage","doi":"10.3389/fcdhc.2025.1572245","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fcdhc.2025.1572245","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a common metabolic disorder typically managed with medication; however, fasting has recently attracted attention for its potential benefits in glycemic control, weight management, and even potential remission. This case report examines the effects of repeated long-term fasting on weight reduction, glycemic control, and medication requirements in a 57-year-old man with T2DM. The patient, who had a history of inadequate glycemic control despite conventional treatment, opted for repeated long-term fasting under medical supervision. He completed several fasts ranging from 11 to 20 days each, with each fasting period followed by a gradual reintroduction of food via a hypocaloric lactovegetarian diet (800-1,800 kcal) over 4 to 16 days. The intervention resulted in sustained weight loss and improved blood sugar control. Notably, clinically meaningful improvements occurred in fasting blood glucose levels, which necessitated adjustments in his antidiabetic medications. Enhanced insulin sensitivity was evidenced by decreased HbA1c levels and a reduced dependence on hypoglycemic agents. Additionally, post-fasting evaluations indicated improvements in inflammatory markers and a reduction in fatty liver disease. In summary, repeated long-term fasting in this patient was associated with sustained weight loss, improved glycemic control, and reduced medication requirements, thereby enhancing the overall management of T2DM. Further research, including randomized controlled trials, is needed to better understand the long-term safety and effectiveness of this intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":73075,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in clinical diabetes and healthcare","volume":"6 ","pages":"1572245"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12367449/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144981106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial: Highlights in diabetes clinical epidemiology, volume II.","authors":"Georgia Vourli, Nikos Pantazis","doi":"10.3389/fcdhc.2025.1649441","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fcdhc.2025.1649441","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73075,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in clinical diabetes and healthcare","volume":"6 ","pages":"1649441"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12353703/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144877045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The association between liver function tests abnormalities and type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in Saudi Arabia: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Nimer Mehyar, Ziyad Alhajeri, Muath Alosaimi, Ziyad Alanazi, Abdulkarim Alanazi, Raghib Abusaris","doi":"10.3389/fcdhc.2025.1617641","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fcdhc.2025.1617641","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Increasing evidence shows that hyperglycemia-induced glucotoxicity and lipotoxicity that usually accompany diabetes development damage the endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria of the hepatocytes in diabetic patients. Clinical studies highlighted the association between type 2 diabetes mellitus, comorbidities, and medications with liver function. The objective of this study is to explore the association between liver function tests' abnormalities and comorbidities, medications, and other risk factors in type 2 diabetes patients registered in the Best-Care system of the Saudi Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a cross-sectional study employing a chart of patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus. We drew a simple random sample of 523 T2DM patients who had a liver function test from the Best-Care database of the Ministry. We applied various statistical analyses, including Student's independent t-test, Pearson's chi-squared test, Fisher's exact test, and odd ratios, to measure associations between different variables and liver function tests' abnormalities.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>About 35% of patients included in this study showed an abnormal level of gamma-glutamyl transferase and prothrombin time. Abnormalities of serum albumin, prothrombin time, and total serum protein tests were significantly associated with age (P < 0.05). Gamma-glutamyl transferase test abnormalities were significantly associated with gender (P < 0.05). The study found associations between several comorbidities and the abnormalities of liver function tests. These tests include the total bilirubin, albumin, total serum protein, gamma-glutamyl trans, international normalized ratio, and alanine aminotransferase. The associations were at significant levels (P < 0.05). Liraglutide was significantly associated with aspartate aminotransferase (OR = 14.40, 95% CI = 2.8, 73.2), while allopurinol was significantly associated with international normalized ratios (OR = 24.67, 95% CI = 2.95, 206.58) and total serum protein (OR = 5.44, 95% CI = 1.43, 20.83).</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>This study is the first to examine the association between type 2 diabetes mellitus and liver function tests' abnormalities in Saudi Arabia. Although the results have a limited generalizability due to inherent biases, the findings align with similar studies in other populations. The study stresses the need to monitor liver functions, especially of T2DM patients who suffer from other conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":73075,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in clinical diabetes and healthcare","volume":"6 ","pages":"1617641"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12339336/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144838733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the prevalence and risk factors of peripheral artery disease in patients with type 2 diabetes in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Kirubel Eshetu Haile, Atitegeb Alebachew Amsalu, Gizachew Ambaw Kassie, Yordanos Sisay Asgedom, Gedion Asnake Azeze, Amanuel Yosef Gebrekidan","doi":"10.3389/fcdhc.2025.1563984","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fcdhc.2025.1563984","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Type 2 diabetes and lower-extremity peripheral artery disease (PAD) are growing global health problems associated with considerable cardiovascular and limb-related morbidity and mortality, poor quality of life, and high healthcare resource use and costs. Diabetes is a well-known risk factor for PAD, which further increases the risk of long-term complications. The primary aim of this systematic review was to ascertain the aggregated prevalence of PAD among individuals diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) residing in sub-Saharan Africa.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of this study was to determine the pooled prevalence and associated factors of PAD among patients with T2DM in sub-Saharan Africa.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic review and meta-analysis was performed in alignment with the guidelines established by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. To identify papers published in English up to 8 November 2024, the electronic databases of Medline, Web of Science, Science Direct, Excerpta Medica Database, Cochrane Library, African Journals Online, and Google Scholar were searched. A random-effects model was employed to estimate the pooled prevalence and associated factors of PAD.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study revealed that the pooled prevalence of PAD among patients with T2DM was 35.7% [95% confidence interval (CI) 28.7, 42.7], reflecting the significant impact of DM on vascular health with statistically significant heterogeneity observed between studies (<i>I</i> ² = 94.9%, <i>p</i> < 0.001). Age, elevated low-density lipoprotein, elevated body mass index (BMI), and diabetes illness duration exceeding 10 years were the significant predictors.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The aggregate burden of PAD in individuals with T2DM within the sub-Saharan African region is estimated at 35.7%, suggesting that a considerable segment of the sub-Saharan population has been impacted. Epidemiological studies utilizing precise assessment tools can enhance the early detection and prevention of PAD in T2DM and improve the certainty of findings.</p><p><strong>Clinical implication: </strong>There is a need for integrated care approaches that prioritize the screening and management of PAD in individuals with T2DM. Given the high prevalence and associated complications, healthcare providers should implement routine PAD assessments in diabetes care protocols. Future research should focus on longitudinal studies that explore the causal relationships between risk factors and the development of PAD in patients with T2DM.</p><p><strong>Systematic review registration: </strong>https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero, identifier CRD42024611838.</p>","PeriodicalId":73075,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in clinical diabetes and healthcare","volume":"6 ","pages":"1563984"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12320937/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144786091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predicting diabetic retinopathy stages using a simple nerve conduction measuring device, DPNCheck^®: a retrospective observational study.","authors":"Mayu Sakai, Takehiro Kato, Takuma Ishihara, Ken Takao, Tokuyuki Hirose, Sodai Kubota, Saki Kubota-Okamoto, Toshinori Imaizumi, Yoshihiro Takahashi, Masami Mizuno, Takuo Hirota, Yukio Horikawa, Hirokazu Sakaguchi, Shin Tsunekawa, Daisuke Yabe","doi":"10.3389/fcdhc.2025.1590407","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fcdhc.2025.1590407","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims/introduction: </strong>Diabetic retinopathy (DR) often remains asymptomatic until it reaches advanced stages, when delayed treatment can lead to irreversible visual impairment. To promote timely ophthalmology visits, this study investigated the utility of a simple nerve conduction device, DPNCheck^®, as a predictor of DR severity. Previous research has established a relationship between diabetic neuropathy (assessed by conventional nerve conduction studies) and DR progression; however, the specialized equipment and expertise required limit its practicality. In contrast, DPNCheck^® is a simpler alternative that quantifies neuropathy severity through the severity of the estimated modified Baba classification (eMBC).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Using electronic medical records (EHRs), we identified individuals with diabetes who underwent DPNCheck^® and subsequent ophthalmologic assessment for DR. Based on age and sural nerve conduction data, an eMBC was calculated. Meanwhile, DR severity was scored using a modified Davis classification, defining four stages (DR severity scores 0-3).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 181 individuals extracted from our hospital's EHRs, 146 were eligible for analysis. Ordinal logistic regression showed that eMBC was significantly associated with DR stage, independent of diabetes duration and HbA1c. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses yielded eMBC cut-off values of 1.11, 1.51, and 1.51 to predict DR severity scores of ≥1, ≥2, and ≥3, respectively. Sensitivities ranged from 0.67 to 0.78, and specificities from 0.66 to 0.81. An eMBC of 1.51 or above was strongly associated with preproliferative or proliferative DR, indicating a need for urgent ophthalmology referral.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>DPNCheck^®, a simple nerve conduction measurement device, may help predict DR severity and facilitate timely ophthalmologic care.</p>","PeriodicalId":73075,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in clinical diabetes and healthcare","volume":"6 ","pages":"1590407"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12307143/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144755260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Underestimated reason of hyperkalemia in diabetic patients: type IV renal tubular acidosis- mini review.","authors":"Sibel Ertek, Kayser Caglar","doi":"10.3389/fcdhc.2025.1570868","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fcdhc.2025.1570868","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Diabetes mellitus is chronic disease with increasing prevalence, and may cause many organ complications, including kidneys. Reduced creatinine clearance and kidney failure are important, but hyperkalemia may be present in diabetic patients even before these problems. There may be many reasons of hyperkalemia in this group of patients. Type IV renal tubular acidosis is important cause of generally mild hyperkalemia, and it is a treatable condition. ''Polypharmacy'' -which is very common in diabetic patients due to accompanying other diseases- may trigger electrolyte imbalance. Underlying causes should be investigated and treatment should be done before it worsens.</p>","PeriodicalId":73075,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in clinical diabetes and healthcare","volume":"6 ","pages":"1570868"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12289468/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144735786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the multifaceted roles of GLP-1 receptor agonists; a comprehensive review.","authors":"Bisma Fatima Hammad, Nimrah Zafar, Muneeb Ullah, Syeda Jazilah Faisal, Fizzah Iftikhar, Haadia Waheed, Muhammad Waleed Muzaffar, Khadija Ahmed, Faz Ashraf, Komal Zahid, Maimoona Akhtar, Mohammed Mahmmoud Fadelallah Eljack","doi":"10.3389/fcdhc.2025.1590530","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fcdhc.2025.1590530","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Traditionally, Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs), a pivotal class of drug, mimics the actions of endogenous Glucagon-like peptide-1, which have been found to be remarkable in the treatment of type 2 diabetes alongside other comorbidities. GLP-1 receptors being widely available in the different organs and tissues such as the brain, lung, pancreas, stomach, heart, and endometrium has explained the broader therapeutic application of GLP-1RA. The recent studies have explored the physiological effects of GLP-1RA on body organs, establishing them as a potential therapeutic option for a wide range of diseases. Activation of GLP-1 receptors contribute to regulation of blood glucose levels, weight management, cardiovascular health, and potential neuroprotection, while also having a positive influence on musculoskeletal health. This review has emphasized the expanded role of GLP-1RA by highlighting the most significant and notable studies. While GLP-1RA has proven clinical efficacy, the need for more comprehensive studies, to ensure their long-term safety, is essential to optimize their therapeutic role and improve patient outcomes on a global scale. Addressing the significant gap for research on cost effectiveness of these drugs is also crucial for their accessibility in comparison to other drugs. Nevertheless, the limited data available calls for a platform for future research to carry out the expanded therapeutic effects of GLP-1RA.</p>","PeriodicalId":73075,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in clinical diabetes and healthcare","volume":"6 ","pages":"1590530"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12286811/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144710112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}