Exploration of medicine最新文献_第5页

Antiseptic pyolytics and warming wet compresses improve the prospect of healing chronic wounds 消炎药和温热湿敷改善慢性伤口愈合的前景

Exploration of medicine Pub Date : 2023-10-27 DOI: 10.37349/emed.2023.00175

Aleksandr Urakov, Natalya Urakova, Evgeniy Fisher, Albina Shchemeleva, Anastasia Stolyarenko, Valentina Martiusheva, Marina Zavarzina

{"title":"Antiseptic pyolytics and warming wet compresses improve the prospect of healing chronic wounds","authors":"Aleksandr Urakov, Natalya Urakova, Evgeniy Fisher, Albina Shchemeleva, Anastasia Stolyarenko, Valentina Martiusheva, Marina Zavarzina","doi":"10.37349/emed.2023.00175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37349/emed.2023.00175","url":null,"abstract":"Infection and suppuration of chronic wounds reduce the effectiveness of their treatment with a course of antibiotics and antiseptics combined with frequently renewed dressings. Therefore, daily short-term procedures of cleaning wounds from purulent-necrotic masses by mechanical methods, including the use of cleansing solutions and necrophage fly larvae, are also part of the general practice of chronic wound treatment. But even they do not always provide rapid healing of chronic wounds. In this connection, it is suggested to supplement the treatment of chronic wounds with preparations dissolving dense pus and wound dressings made in the form of warm moist compresses creating a local greenhouse effect in the wounds. Solutions of 3% hydrogen peroxide and 2–10% sodium bicarbonate heated to a temperature of 37°–45°С, possessing alkaline activity at рН 8.4–8.5 and enriched with dissolved carbon dioxide or oxygen gas (due to overpressure of 0.2 atm were suggested as pyolytic drugs. The first results of the use of pyolytics and warm moist dressings-compresses in the treatment of chronic wounds demonstrate a wound-healing effect. It is suggested to consider sanitizing therapy with pyolytics and warm moist wound dressings-compresses as an alternative to the use of modern cleansing solutions and artificial introduction of larvae of the necrophage fly into the purulent masses of chronic wounds to dissolve dense pus and accelerate the healing process.","PeriodicalId":72999,"journal":{"name":"Exploration of medicine","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136262060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A large-scale survey of cannabis use for sleep: preferred products and perceived effects in comparison to over-the-counter and prescription sleep aids 一项关于大麻用于睡眠的大规模调查:与非处方和处方助眠剂相比，首选产品和感知效果

Exploration of medicine Pub Date : 2023-10-25 DOI: 10.37349/emed.2023.00171

Amanda Stueber, Carrie Cuttler

{"title":"A large-scale survey of cannabis use for sleep: preferred products and perceived effects in comparison to over-the-counter and prescription sleep aids","authors":"Amanda Stueber, Carrie Cuttler","doi":"10.37349/emed.2023.00171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37349/emed.2023.00171","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: Cannabis use for sleep-related problems is on the rise; however, little is known about the cannabis products people are using for sleep or the perceived effects of cannabis in comparison to more conventional sleep aids. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the products cannabis users prefer to use for sleep as well as their experiences with cannabis relative to more conventional sleep aids. Methods: De-identified archival data from a Strainprint® survey of 1,216 individuals who use cannabis for sleep were analyzed. Results: Participants predominantly reported smoking joints or vaping flower as their methods of administration, and seeking tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), cannabidiol (CBD), and the terpene myrcene in the cannabis they use for sleep. Only a small minority reported using cannabis in conjunction with conventional sleep aids. Comparisons of the self-reported effects of cannabis to conventional sleep aids revealed that participants reported feeling more refreshed, focused, better able to function, fewer headaches, and less nausea the morning after using cannabis for sleep than after using more conventional sleep aids or no sleep aids. However, they indicated they were more sleepy, anxious, and irritable in the mornings following the use of cannabis relative to other sleep aids. Participants were more likely to report red eyes and thirst and less likely to report nausea, anxiety, paranoia, and racing heart as side effects of cannabis relative to other sleep aids. Conclusions: Knowledge gained from this survey will provide health professionals with a better understanding of why people are using cannabis for sleep and may help guide future more controlled research.","PeriodicalId":72999,"journal":{"name":"Exploration of medicine","volume":"7 6","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135113966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Modelling α-synuclein processing in primary patient cells for pharmacological intervention 在原代患者细胞中模拟α-突触核蛋白加工以进行药物干预

Exploration of medicine Pub Date : 2023-10-25 DOI: 10.37349/emed.2023.00170

Jessica K. Smith, George D. Mellick, Alex M. Sykes

{"title":"Modelling α-synuclein processing in primary patient cells for pharmacological intervention","authors":"Jessica K. Smith, George D. Mellick, Alex M. Sykes","doi":"10.37349/emed.2023.00170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37349/emed.2023.00170","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a complex, chronic neurodegenerative disorder with predominately sporadic etiology. Intricate genetic-environmental interactions lead to the hallmarks of the disease: degeneration of dopaminergic neurons and the deposition of α-synuclein aggregates. The aim of this study was to establish a novel primary patient cell model as an in vitro screen to study α-synuclein processing for drug screening. Methods: Primary patient olfactory neuroepithelial-derived cells (ONS) were exposed to α-synuclein and examined for cytotoxicity, processing, and solubility over 48 h. Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), which is known to destabilise α-synuclein fibrils, was used to investigate the solubilisation of α-synuclein in the model system. Results: Exposure to 0.1 μmol/L α-synuclein preformed fibrils was not toxic to ONS over 48 h. ONS processing of α-synuclein was observed to be different in PD cells by their increased accumulation in the cytoplasm. Processing deficits in the PD ONS were confirmed by immunoblotting with an increase in sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)-insoluble α-synuclein after 48 h. Conclusions: The data has illustrated the utility of primary patient ONS as a model system to understand the processing of α-synuclein. Considerable differences in α-synuclein processing were identified in PD ONS. Furthermore, the data suggests that primary patient ONS are a viable in vitro drug screening platform for α-synuclein pathology in PD.","PeriodicalId":72999,"journal":{"name":"Exploration of medicine","volume":"142 8","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135112736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cranial nerve VII on gadolinium contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging in the case of Bell’s palsy 颅神经VII在贝尔麻痹病例中的钆增强磁共振成像

Exploration of medicine Pub Date : 2023-10-23 DOI: 10.37349/emed.2023.00169

Alvarez Alvarez, Asif Becher, Thomas Chandy Varkey, Avtar Singh

{"title":"Cranial nerve VII on gadolinium contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging in the case of Bell’s palsy","authors":"Alvarez Alvarez, Asif Becher, Thomas Chandy Varkey, Avtar Singh","doi":"10.37349/emed.2023.00169","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37349/emed.2023.00169","url":null,"abstract":"Bell’s palsy is a rapid unilateral peripheral paralysis of cranial nerve VII whose etiology is varied, most commonly associated with an acute infectious or inflammatory demyelinating process. Nerve injury can result in edema because of increased permeability of vascular structures, which can sometimes be seen as a locus of enhancement of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Bell’s palsy is typically considered a clinical diagnosis and the specificity and sensitivity of imaging have been poorly studied. Herein is describe a case of a 73-year-old male who presented to the emergency department with left-sided facial droop and no other focal neurological abnormalities. With a history of a Janus kinase 2 (JAK2) mutation and the new initial facial drooping, acute cerebrovascular insult was high on the differential. Initial labs and computerized tomography (CT) head were inconclusive, but MRI showed pronounced enhancement of the left distal internal carotid artery (ICA) with contiguous enhancement of the labyrinthine, geniculate, and tympanic segments of the left facial nerve. Diagnosing Bell’s palsy can be a challenge as there are numerous postulated etiologies stemming from trauma, infection, and neoplasm; with infection (particularly viral) postulated to be the most likely source. Though MRI is currently not validated as a tool in expediting Bell’s palsy diagnosis, findings such as the enhancement seen here provide some insight into the benefit of MRI as a diagnostic modality in some cases. This case is unique both for the diagnostic dilemma between stroke and Bell’s palsy and the potential for MRI imaging to help guide clinical decision-making into treatment.","PeriodicalId":72999,"journal":{"name":"Exploration of medicine","volume":"SE-13 12","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135406246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Self-replicating RNA viruses in vaccine development 疫苗开发中的自我复制RNA病毒

Exploration of medicine Pub Date : 2023-10-10 DOI: 10.37349/emed.2023.00168

Kenneth Lundstrom

引用次数: 0

Diabetes and substance use: a perspective within drug rehabilitation 糖尿病和药物使用:药物康复的视角

Exploration of medicine Pub Date : 2023-10-08 DOI: 10.37349/emed.2023.00167

Abuelgasim Elrasheed A. Alhassan, Weaam Elrashid, Aref Alshehhi, Samya Al Mamari, Mahmoud Abu Raddaha, Mansour Assaf, Simon Elliott

{"title":"Diabetes and substance use: a perspective within drug rehabilitation","authors":"Abuelgasim Elrasheed A. Alhassan, Weaam Elrashid, Aref Alshehhi, Samya Al Mamari, Mahmoud Abu Raddaha, Mansour Assaf, Simon Elliott","doi":"10.37349/emed.2023.00167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37349/emed.2023.00167","url":null,"abstract":"Diabetes mellitus has become increasingly more common and diagnosed within the global population. Coupled with the continued prevalence of substance use, there are some distinct considerations for users suffering (knowingly or unknowingly) from type 1 or type 2 diabetes. The various different types of drugs of abuse including central nervous system stimulants, depressants, and hallucinogens present varying direct and indirect complications for diabetes based on their physiological and psychological effects ranging from non-compliance with medication to an increased risk of hypoglycaemia, hyperglycaemia, and/or ketoacidosis. This perspective highlights these issues supported by the drug history and toxicological findings in patients undergoing drug rehabilitation in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) demonstrating the use of alcohol, amphetamines, benzodiazepines, cannabis, opiates/opioids (especially tramadol), pregabalin, and synthetic cannabinoids. Physicians and drug clinic professionals should be aware of the contraindications of substance use and diabetes with a view to educating patients and healthcare professionals within such clinical settings.","PeriodicalId":72999,"journal":{"name":"Exploration of medicine","volume":"66 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135198046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mechanistic insights on anticancer drugs with specific biological targets and signalling pathways 具有特定生物学靶点和信号通路的抗癌药物的机制见解

Exploration of medicine Pub Date : 2023-09-15 DOI: 10.37349/emed.2023.00166

Mohsina Patwekar, Faheem Patwekar, Anuradha Medikeri, Shaikh Daniyal, Mohammad A. Kamal, Gulzar Ahmed Rather, Rohit Sharma

{"title":"Mechanistic insights on anticancer drugs with specific biological targets and signalling pathways","authors":"Mohsina Patwekar, Faheem Patwekar, Anuradha Medikeri, Shaikh Daniyal, Mohammad A. Kamal, Gulzar Ahmed Rather, Rohit Sharma","doi":"10.37349/emed.2023.00166","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37349/emed.2023.00166","url":null,"abstract":"Complex enzyme interactions play a role in the spread of cancer, a process fueled by unregulated cell proliferation. DNA topoisomerases, which are important for fixing DNA topological problems, have drawn a lot of interest as potential targets for anti-cancer medications. Cancer treatment, which includes radiation, surgery, and chemotherapy, tries to control cell survival, demise, and mobility, which are mediated by ion transportation across cell membranes via channels and carriers. The malignant transition is characterised by altered channels and carriers. Chemoresistance, which commonly develops after chemotherapy, denotes decreased therapeutic effectiveness against cancer progression. Chemosensitizers are used in combination with anti-cancer medications to overcome this resistance, particularly against adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-binding cassette (ABC) transporters including P-glycoprotein, multidrug resistance-associated protein 1 (MRP1), breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP). Effective targets for treatment are transcription factors, which play a key role in the development of cancer. With the use of interactions with receptors, enzymes, ion channels, transporters, and TFs, nanotechnology improves the safety of tumour localization, treatment, and diagnostics. As a result of mutations or altered signalling, rat sarcoma (RAS) proteins regulate signalling, which is essential for both healthy growth and the development of cancer. Rational treatments that target RAS pathways have the potential to inhibit the growth and spread of tumours. New treatments are still being developed, and they are showing promise in clinical settings. The roles of receptors on tumour cells, their significance for cancer therapy, and recent advancements in preclinical and clinical research are all included in this overview.","PeriodicalId":72999,"journal":{"name":"Exploration of medicine","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135437436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Body mass, blood pressure, and cognitive functioning among octogenarians and centenarians 八十岁和百岁老人的体重、血压和认知功能

Exploration of medicine Pub Date : 2023-09-15 DOI: 10.37349/emed.2023.00165

Peter Martin, Rotem Arieli, Mai Kabayama, Kayo Godai, Yasuyuki Gondo, Mary Ann Johnson, Leonard W. Poon

{"title":"Body mass, blood pressure, and cognitive functioning among octogenarians and centenarians","authors":"Peter Martin, Rotem Arieli, Mai Kabayama, Kayo Godai, Yasuyuki Gondo, Mary Ann Johnson, Leonard W. Poon","doi":"10.37349/emed.2023.00165","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37349/emed.2023.00165","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: The purpose of this study was to examine the association among body mass, blood pressure (BP), and cognitive functioning for octogenarians and centenarians. Methods: A total of 300 participants (221 centenarians and 79 octogenarians) from the Georgia Centenarian Study were included in this study. Demographic variables included age, gender, and ethnicity. Body mass was measured with the body mass index (BMI), and systolic and diastolic BP, as well as mean arterial pressure (MAP) and the Mini-Mental Status Examination (MMSE) were assessed. Results: Results showed age differences indicating that centenarians had lower BMI and MMSE scores when compared to octogenarians. Women had lower cognitive functioning scores compared to men. Black Americans had higher BMI and BP as well as lower MMSE scores. Participants with low BMI values (< 18.5 kg/m2) and normal BP had a significantly lower MMSE score when compared to those with elevated BMI values (≥ 25 kg/m2 to < 30 kg/m2) and high BP. Multiple regression analyses determined that age, gender, ethnicity, and BMI were significantly associated with cognitive function in very late life. Conclusions: The results suggest that extreme values of body mass (low and high) in combination with normal BP (< 130 mmHg) are potential risk factors for compromised cognition.","PeriodicalId":72999,"journal":{"name":"Exploration of medicine","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135436611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An overview of current advances and pharmaceutical uses of 3D and 4D printing 概述了3D和4D打印的当前进展和制药用途

Exploration of medicine Pub Date : 2023-08-31 DOI: 10.37349/emed.2023.00161

Pankaj Sharma, Vinay Jain

{"title":"An overview of current advances and pharmaceutical uses of 3D and 4D printing","authors":"Pankaj Sharma, Vinay Jain","doi":"10.37349/emed.2023.00161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37349/emed.2023.00161","url":null,"abstract":"The development of patient-specific prosthetics, medication administration, the manufacture of tissues and organs, and surgical planning have all benefited significantly from the use of three-dimensional (3D) printing during the past few decades. The enthusiasm for customized healthcare has increased because the United States of America launched its Precision Medicine Initiative in 2015. In a nutshell, the phrase “personalized medicine” refers to medical care that is tailored to the patient. Nevertheless, the biomedical materials utilized in 3D printing are often stable and can’t react or be adaptive and intelligent in the body’s interior environment. Ex-situ fabrication of these substances, which includes printing on a flat substrate before releasing it onto the target surface, may cause a discrepancy between the printed portion and the target areas. The 3D printing is one method that might be used to provide customized treatment. The four-dimensional (4D) printing is developed while employing components that can be tweaked with stimulation. Several researchers have been looking at a new area recently that blends medicines with 3D and 4D printing. The development of 4D printing overcomes a number of these issues and creates a promising future for the biomedical industry. Smart materials that have been pre-programmed can be used in 4D printing to create structures that react interactively to outside stimuli. Despite these benefits, dynamic materials created using 4D technology remain in their development. As a result, several ideas for pharmaceutical products and formulas that may be customized and printed have emerged. Furthermore, Spritam®, the first medicine produced by 3D printing, has indeed reached a medical facility. This paper offers a summary of several 3D and 4D printing technologies and how they are used in the pharmaceutical industry for customized medicine and drug delivery systems.","PeriodicalId":72999,"journal":{"name":"Exploration of medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47882789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Utility of fibroblasts derived from broncho-alveolar lavage of patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis or related disorders to develop in vitro models 特发性肺纤维化或相关疾病患者支气管肺泡灌洗成纤维细胞在体外模型开发中的作用

Exploration of medicine Pub Date : 2023-08-31 DOI: 10.37349/emed.2023.00156

P. Giannoni, E. Barisione, M. Grosso, D. de Totero

{"title":"Utility of fibroblasts derived from broncho-alveolar lavage of patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis or related disorders to develop in vitro models","authors":"P. Giannoni, E. Barisione, M. Grosso, D. de Totero","doi":"10.37349/emed.2023.00156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37349/emed.2023.00156","url":null,"abstract":"Broncho-alveolar lavage (BAL) represents a safe tool for the differential diagnosis of various pulmonary fibrotic diseases. Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) belongs to a heterogeneous group of diseases, interstitial lung disease (ILD), presenting a progressive impairment of pulmonary functions. IPF is characterized by the excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) in the alveolar parenchyma that may lead to irreversible pulmonary remodeling. Although the exact pathogenetic mechanisms leading to IPF development are still unclear it has been demonstrated that fibroblasts differentiating toward myofibroblasts are the major actors involved in this process. The possibility of obtaining and expanding fibroblasts from the BAL of ILD patients for research purposes has been recently explored. This approach is discussed here as a reliable chance, helpful to advance the scientific community knowledge and to devise two- and three-dimensional (2D/3D) pre-clinical in vitro models of these diseases, further overcoming technical and ethical concerns related to the use of fibroblasts derived from tissue biopsy.","PeriodicalId":72999,"journal":{"name":"Exploration of medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41804168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0